高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省諸暨市2024-2025學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期適應(yīng)性考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳答案。AJoinanNPSRangerintheMarinHeadlandsComejoinaRanger（護(hù)林員）GuidedHikeandBirdingProgramwithaMarinHeadlandsInterpretationRanger!LearnallaboutthemanydifferenttypesofbirdsthatcalltheMarinHeadlandshomewhilehikingalongthescenicRodeoLagoonLoopTrailbeginningatRodeoBeach.ThisprogramwillbeofferedonmultipleSaturdays:February22nd/March1st/March8th/March22nd/March29th/April12th/April19th/April26th.Theprogramwillconsistofa1.5-milehikewithmultiplestopsalongthewaytoobserveandlearnaboutourfeatheredfriends.Gettipsandtricksonhowtospotandidentifybirds,birdwatchwitharanger,andconnectwithyournationalpark!Besuretowearcomfortablewalkingshoes,layers,andbringyourpairofbinoculars!MeetattheRodeoBeach“InformationStation”building1050.Lookforasignthatsays,“RangerGuidedHike/Program”andouruniformedInterpretationParkRangerswillbetherewaitingforyou!Programwillbeginat11:00amsharp.Notes:RunTime:90minutes,from11:00am—12:30pmReservationRequiredMaximumparticipants:20NoDogs/NoPetsPleaseletusknowifyouorsomeoneinyourgrouprequiresanyspecialaccommodationsbyemailing:GOGAMarinHeadlandsInfo@RegistrationtoattendisRequired.Theregistrationform’sdateswillcloseoncewehit20registeredattendeesperdate.Pleaseallow24-48hoursbeforereceivinganemailconfirmingyourregistration.Pleasedressaccordingly,wearproperfootwearandbesuretobringplentyofwater.RainorHighWindswillcanceltheevent.Formoreinformation,pleaseemailusatGOGA_MarinHeadland_Info@orcallat（415）331-1540.1.WhatdoyouknowabouttheMarinHeadlands?A.Itisacampingspotlikenoother. B.ItstaysopenmerelyonSaturdays.C.Itishometovariousbirdspecies. D.Itrunsallitswayalongthebeach.2.Whatshouldbenotedifyouaretojoinintheprogram?A.Yourpetwillcausenotrouble. B.Yourregistrationisconfirmed.C.Youhaveaknowledgeofbirds. D.Youdresswellforobservation.3.Whatisthewritingpurpose?A.Tointroduceawebsite. B.Toattractenthusiasts.C.Todescribeanepisode. D.Toadvocatealifestyle.【答案】1.C2.B3.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了在馬林岬角由護(hù)林員帶領(lǐng)的徒步和觀鳥(niǎo)項(xiàng)目的相關(guān)信息，包括項(xiàng)目的內(nèi)容、時(shí)間安排、集合地點(diǎn)、注意事項(xiàng)等，目的是吸引人們參與該項(xiàng)目。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“LearnallaboutthemanydifferenttypesofbirdsthatcalltheMarinHeadlandshomewhilehikingalongthescenicRodeoLagoonLoopTrailbeginningatRodeoBeach.(當(dāng)沿著從羅迪奧海灘開(kāi)始的風(fēng)景優(yōu)美的羅迪奧瀉湖環(huán)形小徑徒步旅行時(shí)，了解所有把馬林岬角當(dāng)作棲息地的許多不同種類的鳥(niǎo)類。)”可知，馬林岬角是多種鳥(niǎo)類的棲息地。故選C。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Pleaseallow24-48hoursbeforereceivinganemailconfirmingyourregistration.(請(qǐng)?jiān)谑盏酱_認(rèn)您注冊(cè)的電子郵件前等待24-48小時(shí)。)”可知，參加這個(gè)項(xiàng)目注冊(cè)需要得到確認(rèn)。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。文章詳細(xì)介紹了在馬林岬角的徒步和觀鳥(niǎo)項(xiàng)目，包括項(xiàng)目?jī)?nèi)容、時(shí)間、集合地點(diǎn)、注意事項(xiàng)等，目的是吸引對(duì)徒步和觀鳥(niǎo)感興趣的人來(lái)參加這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。故選B。BOneday,therewasaknockatthedoorandwhenIopenedit,inwalkedmysoncarryingapotofflowers.Foramoment,Ididn’tknowwhohewasandthen,suddenly,hewasthere.Hehadn’ttoldushewascomingandseeinghimwasashockandawonderfulsurprise.IthasbeenyearssinceIlastcriedaboutanythingbutwhenhesteppedinIwasintears.WeliveonCanada’swestcoastandmysonlivesontheeastcoast.Despitethedistance,wevisitedeachotherwithsomefrequency.However,forvariousreasons,wehaven’tseeneachotherforovertwoyears.Asparents,wetendtothinkofourchildrenasbeingyoungandbeinginneedofourguidanceevenwhentheyhavereachedadulthood.Somehow,though,myson’ssuddenappearanceandhismonth-longvisitthatfollowedletmeseehiminawholenewlight.Mywifeisillandneedsalotofsupportthesedaysandoursonsteppeduptohelp.ThereweresomerepairsneededaroundthehousethatIhadn’tgottentoandhesawthemandhelpedmetomakethemhappen.Heisahomeownerandisthereforeskilledatfixingandmaintainingthethingsthatcangowronginanormalhouseholdsohepitchedin.Hehelpedtopreparefoodandtohelphismothergetcomfortablewhenshehadtomovearound.Ingeneral,hetookfrommealoadIhadn’tfullyrealizedIwascarrying.Workingshouldertoshoulderwiththiscompetent,confidentmanthatIlovedandadmiredwasawonderfulandsurprisingexperience.Iprobablyshouldn’thavebeensurprisedbecausemysonisnowinhisfifties,isasuccessfulbusinessconsultant,ownsalargerhousethanIeverhadandmakesfarmoremoneythanIeverdid.IwonderhowheevergottobethatwayandIclaimnocreditforhissuccess.MysonleftrecentlyandagainIshedtearsasIdidwhenhearrived.Butitwasdifferentsomehow.4.Whatdoweknowabouttheson’sarrival?A.Itstruckfearintohisoldfather. B.Itwasconsideredabreak-in.C.Itwaswhathisfatherexpected. D.Ittookthefatherbysurprise.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrasemostprobablymean?A.Helpedout. B.Droppedin. C.Shiedaway. D.Heldon.6.Whydoyouthinktheauthorshedtearswhenhissonleft?A.Hehadtocarrytheloadagain. B.Heneededspiritualsupportbadly.C.Hewasveryproudofhisson. D.Hewassaddenedbyhisdeparture.7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ALong-awaitedbutShort-livedVisit B.ATimelyandPraiseworthyBackupC.AnIntelligentandWonderfulOldSon D.AnUnexpectedVisitfromMySon【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一位父親如何在兒子意外來(lái)訪后，重新認(rèn)識(shí)并欣賞已經(jīng)成熟的兒子，以及兒子在家庭中提供的支持和幫助。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的句子“Foramoment,Ididn’tknowwhohewasandthen,suddenly,hewasthere.Hehadn’ttoldushewascomingandseeinghimwasashockandawonderfulsurprise.(有一刻，我不知道他是誰(shuí)，然后，突然，他就站在那里。他沒(méi)有告訴我們他會(huì)來(lái)，看到他既是一個(gè)震驚也是一個(gè)美妙的驚喜。)”可知，兒子的到來(lái)讓父親感到非常意外。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文的內(nèi)容“ThereweresomerepairsneededaroundthehousethatIhadn’tgottentoandhesawthemandhelpedmetomakethemhappen.Heisahomeownerandisthereforeskilledatfixingandmaintainingthethingsthatcangowronginanormalhousehold(家里有一些地方需要修理，我一直沒(méi)顧得上，他看到后就幫我一起完成了。他自己有房子，所以很擅長(zhǎng)修理和維護(hù)普通家庭里可能出問(wèn)題的東西)”可知，兒子擅長(zhǎng)修理和維護(hù)普通家庭里可能出問(wèn)題的東西，所以，兒子能幫上忙，劃線短語(yǔ)pitchedin的意義為“幫忙”，與helpedout意義一致。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Iprobablyshouldn’thavebeensurprisedbecausemysonisnowinhisfifties,isasuccessfulbusinessconsultant,ownsalargerhousethanIeverhadandmakesfarmoremoneythanIeverdid.IwonderhowheevergottobethatwayandIclaimnocreditforhissuccess.(我可能不應(yīng)該感到驚訝，因?yàn)槲业膬鹤蝇F(xiàn)在五十多歲了，是一位成功的商業(yè)顧問(wèn)，擁有一所比我曾經(jīng)擁有的更大的房子，并且賺的錢(qián)比我多得多。我想知道他是如何變成那樣的，我不會(huì)為他的成功而自夸。)”和第六段“MysonleftrecentlyandagainIshedtearsasIdidwhenhearrived.Butitwasdifferentsomehow.”(我的兒子最近離開(kāi)了，我又像他來(lái)的時(shí)候一樣流下了眼淚。但這次有所不同。)”可以推論出，作者為兒子的成功和成長(zhǎng)感到驕傲而流淚。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，特別是第一段“Oneday,therewasaknockatthedoorandwhenIopenedit,inwalkedmysoncarryingapotofflowers.Foramoment,Ididn’tknowwhohewasandthen,suddenly,hewasthere.Hehadn’ttoldushewascomingandseeinghimwasashockandawonderfulsurprise.(有一天，門(mén)上響起了敲門(mén)聲，當(dāng)我打開(kāi)門(mén)時(shí)，我的兒子走了進(jìn)來(lái)，手里拿著一盆花。有一刻，我不知道他是誰(shuí)，然后，突然，他就站在那里。他沒(méi)有告訴我們他會(huì)來(lái)，看到他既是一個(gè)震驚也是一個(gè)美妙的驚喜。)”可知，文章主要講述了兒子意外來(lái)訪，給家庭帶來(lái)了巨大的幫助和支持，讓父親重新認(rèn)識(shí)了已經(jīng)成熟的兒子。因此，最佳標(biāo)題是“D.AnUnexpectedVisitfromMySon(我兒子的意外來(lái)訪)”。故選D項(xiàng)。CThepaper,publishedinCommunicationsEarthandEnvironment,revealsthereisfarlesswateravailablethanpreviouslythought.Withdemandforlithium(鋰),amineralcriticalforbatteriespoweringthegreentransition(變革),projectedtoincrease40-foldinthecomingdecades,theresearchsuggestslocalcommunities,regulatorsandthelithiumminingindustryquicklyworktogethertobringtheirwaterusagewithinsustainablelimits.IntheLithiumTriangle,locatedinSouthAmerica,Bouttandhisteamcomein.Theylookedat28differentbasins,wantingtounderstandhowrarethefreshwateris.“Theclimateandhydrology(水文學(xué))oftheLithiumTriangleisverydifficulttounderstand,”saysBoutt,soscientistsandengineershavereliedonglobalwatermodelstobestestimatewateravailabilityandenvironmentalimpactsoflithiumminingwithintheTriangle.GlobalwatermodelssuggestthatthefreshwaterflowingintotheLithiumTriangle’sbasinsissome90and230mmperyear.“Butafteraninitialassessment,”saysBoutt,“wesuspecteditwasgoingtobetooinaccurateforourpurposes.”SotheteamdevelopedLiCBWA,theirownmodel,findingasharpdifferencefromtheconventionalunderstanding.“There’snotmuchnewfreshwateratallcomingintothesesystems,”saysBoutt.Whileglobalmodelsestimateanaverageof90and230mmperyearofinflow,LiCBWAestimatesfrom2to33mm,dependingontheparticularbasin,withanaverageofjust11mmperyearforthe28basinsintheirstudy.“Theconventionalwisdomisoverestimatingtheamountofwaterbyatleasttentimes,”saysBoutt,“andwefoundthatallbutoneofthe28basinsinourstudyshouldbeclassifiedas’severelywaterrare’”.Meantime,theprocessesformininglithiumarechanging.Theoldermethodisbeingreplacedbydirectlithiumextraction(DLE)whichconsumesmorewater.“BecauselithiumminingisarealityintheLithiumTriangle,”theauthorsconclude,“scientists,localcommunities,regulatorsandproducersmustworktogethertoreducewateruse,”aswellascommittobettermonitoringrainfall,streamflowandgroundwaterlevelsforanevenmoreprecisehydrologicalpicture.8.Whatdoweknowaboutlithiumfromparagraph1?A.Demandforitwillincreasegreatly. B.Itsavailabilityislessthanexpected.C.It’sanewrawmaterialforbatteries. D.Itsminingshouldbelimitedinstantly.9.WhatisBouttandhisteam’spurpose?A.Tomonitortheclimateandhydrologyon-site.B.Tocalculatetheimpactmininghasontransitions.C.Toprovetheconventionalwisdomisgroundless.D.Toestimatetowhatextentthefreshwaterisrare.10.HowdotheteamfindthecurrentsituationofwaterintheTriangle?A.Hopeless. B.Acceptable. C.Critical. D.Optimistic.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Whataprecisehydrologicalpictureis. B.Howtoconservethewaterresources.C.Whywaterconsumptionissubstantial. D.Whethertoshutdownlithiummining.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章通過(guò)科學(xué)研究揭示南美“鋰三角”地區(qū)淡水資源的實(shí)際稀缺性遠(yuǎn)超傳統(tǒng)認(rèn)知，指出鋰礦開(kāi)采與水資源可持續(xù)利用的矛盾，呼吁多方協(xié)作保護(hù)水資源?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Withdemandforlithium(鋰),amineralcriticalforbatteriespoweringthegreentransition(變革),projectedtoincrease40-foldinthecomingdecades,theresearchsuggestslocalcommunities,regulatorsandthelithiumminingindustryquicklyworktogethertobringtheirwaterusagewithinsustainablelimits.(鋰是一種為綠色轉(zhuǎn)型提供動(dòng)力的關(guān)鍵礦物，預(yù)計(jì)未來(lái)幾十年對(duì)鋰的需求將增加40倍，研究建議當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)、監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)和鋰采礦業(yè)迅速合作，將其用水量控制在可持續(xù)的范圍內(nèi)。)”可知，從第一段我們了解到，對(duì)鋰的需求將會(huì)大大增加。故選A項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theylookedat28differentbasins,wantingtounderstandhowrarethefreshwateris.(他們觀察了28個(gè)不同的盆地，想要了解淡水的稀有程度。)”可知，Boutt和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)的目的是評(píng)估淡水稀缺程度。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中““Theconventionalwisdomisoverestimatingtheamountofwaterbyatleasttentimes,”saysBoutt,“andwefoundthatallbutoneofthe28basinsinourstudyshouldbeclassifiedas’severelywaterrare’”.(Boutt說(shuō)：“傳統(tǒng)觀念將水量高估了至少10倍。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在我們研究的28個(gè)盆地中，除了一個(gè)以外，其他所有流域都應(yīng)該被列為‘嚴(yán)重缺水’?！?”可知，團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)三角地區(qū)的水的現(xiàn)狀是危急的。故選C項(xiàng)。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中““BecauselithiumminingisarealityintheLithiumTriangle,”theauthorsconclude,“scientists,localcommunities,regulatorsandproducersmustworktogethertoreducewateruse,”aswellascommittobettermonitoringrainfall,streamflowandgroundwaterlevelsforanevenmoreprecisehydrologicalpicture.(“因?yàn)殇嚨V開(kāi)采在鋰三角區(qū)是一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)，”作者總結(jié)道，“科學(xué)家、當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)、監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)和生產(chǎn)商必須共同努力減少用水”，并致力于更好地監(jiān)測(cè)降雨、河流流量和地下水位，以獲得更精確的水文圖像。)”可知，最后一段強(qiáng)調(diào)各方需合作“減少用水”并加強(qiáng)監(jiān)測(cè)，即如何保護(hù)水資源。故選B項(xiàng)。DHowoldareyourorgans?Theanswermightnotmatchyourchronological(按時(shí)間順序的)age—andanewresearchfindsthatanorgan’sbiologicalagemightpredictaperson’sriskofdiseases.TheresearchanalyzeddatafromWhitehallII,along-runningBritishstudyofagingthathasfollowedover10,000Britishadultsforover35years.Between1997and1999,theWhitehallstudytookbloodsamplesfromparticipantswhentheywere45to69yearsold.Thecurrentstudyanalyzedthosebloodsamplesaswellasfollow-updatafor6,235Whitehallparticipants,bythenaged65to89.Theresearchersusedtheanalysistohelpmeasurethegapbetweenaperson’sageandthebiologicalageofnineoftheirorgans:heart,bloodvessels,liver,immunesystem,pancreas,kidneys,lungs,intestinesandbrain.Thentheylookedatfollow-updatathatshowedthekindsofdiseasesparticipantsdevelopedastheyagedoverthenexttwodecades.Theorgansagedatdifferentratesindifferentpeople,theresearcherswrite—andthosewith“fast-aging”organshadanincreasedriskof30ofthe45age-relateddiseasesstudied.Someoftheassociationslinkedfasteragingorganstodiseasesinthatorgan;forexample,thosewithaccelerated(加快的)lungagingwerelikeliertodeveloprespiratory(呼吸的)diseases.Butinothercases,thelinkwasnotasdirect.Fasteragingofthekidneys,inparticular,waslinkedtodiseasesofthekidneysandotherorgans,suchastheliverandpancreas,andacceleratedagingofmultipleorgansinthebodyincreasedkidneydiseaserisk.“Surprisingly,”theresearcherssay,dementia(癡呆癥)wasnotbestpredictedbyacceleratedbrainaging,butratherbytheimmunesystem’sbiologicalage.Theresearcherssaythestudyshowsthepromiseofanorgan-specificbloodtest,whichissimplerthanpastmethods.Inanewsrelease,leadauthor,MikaKivimaki,sayssuchtestscouldoneday“advisewhetherapersonneedstotakebettercareofaparticularorgan,andpotentiallyprovideanearly-warningsignalthattheymaybeatriskofaparticulardisease.”12.Whathastheresearchrevealed?A.Organsfailnaturallybutdifferentlyaspeopleage.B.Fasterorganagingpredictsincreaseddiseaserisks.C.Healthyorgansareaguaranteeofone’swell-being.D.Organagingistheleadingcauseofitsfunctionloss.13.Whatdoyouknowaboutthestudy?A.Theorganswerehealthy. B.Theparticipantswerelong-lived.C.Theprocesswaslengthy. D.Theresultswereyettobeproved.14.Whatisthesurprisingoutcomeregardingdementia?A.Itisunavoidableasoneages. B.Relevantpredictionsarequiteaccurate.C.Sciencepromisesacureforit. D.Fasterbrainagingisn’titsdirectcause.15.Inwhichwayarethefindingsbeneficial?A.Theycanhelppreventorgandisease. B.Anyparticulardiseasecanbedetected.C.Organ-specificbloodtestsaresimple. D.Healthoforganswouldbeguaranteed.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究，探討了器官的生物學(xué)年齡與個(gè)體疾病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之間的關(guān)系?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Theorgansagedatdifferentratesindifferentpeople,theresearcherswrite—andthosewith“fast-aging”organshadanincreasedriskof30ofthe45age-relateddiseasesstudied.(研究人員寫(xiě)道，不同人的器官以不同的速率衰老——那些擁有“快速衰老”器官的人在研究的45種與年齡相關(guān)的疾病中，有30種疾病的患病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加。)”可知，研究揭示了更快的器官衰老預(yù)測(cè)了更高的疾病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TheresearchanalyzeddatafromWhitehallII,along-runningBritishstudyofagingthathasfollowedover10,000Britishadultsforover35years.(這項(xiàng)研究分析了WhitehallII的數(shù)據(jù)，這是一項(xiàng)長(zhǎng)期的英國(guó)老齡化研究，已經(jīng)跟蹤了超過(guò)10,000名英國(guó)成年人超過(guò)35年。)”可知，研究過(guò)程是漫長(zhǎng)的。故選C項(xiàng)。【14題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段““Surprisingly,”theresearcherssay,dementia(癡呆癥)wasnotbestpredictedbyacceleratedbrainaging,butratherbytheimmunesystem’sbiologicalage.”(“令人驚訝的是，”研究人員說(shuō)，癡呆癥并不是由加速的大腦衰老最好預(yù)測(cè)的，而是由免疫系統(tǒng)的生物學(xué)年齡預(yù)測(cè)的。)”可知，癡呆癥并不是由大腦的快速衰老直接引起的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theresearcherssaythestudyshowsthepromiseofanorgan-specificbloodtest,whichissimplerthanpastmethods.Inanewsrelease,leadauthor,MikaKivimaki,sayssuchtestscouldoneday‘a(chǎn)dvisewhetherapersonneedstotakebettercareofaparticularorgan,andpotentiallyprovideanearly-warningsignalthattheymaybeatriskofaparticulardisease.’”(研究人員說(shuō)，這項(xiàng)研究表明了器官特異性血液測(cè)試的前景，這種方法比過(guò)去的方法更簡(jiǎn)單。在新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上，主要作者M(jìn)ikaKivimaki說(shuō)，這樣的測(cè)試有一天可以“建議一個(gè)人是否需要更好地照顧某個(gè)特定的器官，并可能提供一個(gè)早期預(yù)警信號(hào)，表明他們可能患有某種特定的疾病?！?”可知，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)有助于預(yù)防器官疾病。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。SimpleTechniquestoStrengthenOurMemoryMusclesWelivewithmemoryfrommorningtonightwithoutthinkingaboutit,justasweconstantlyuseourarmsandlegswithoutpayingattentiontothem.____16____Thefactisthatformostofus,memorysuffersonlyfromlackofuse.Herearefourtechniquestohelpusholdontotheinformationweneedtoliveabetter,lessforgetfullife.Creatementalimages.Wheninformationentersourbrain,wecreateamentalrepresentationofit.Weregisterthisinformationasamentalpicturewhiletransformingitintoaverbalform.____17____WhenwehearthenameTutankhamen,forinstance,theverbalimageisprobablystrongerifweknewlittleaboutEgyptianarchaeology.Lookforlogic.Logicreasoningtrainsthemindtoimpose(施加)structureoninformation,toestablishorderandmeaningaccordingtocertainrules.____18____Onewaytoimposeorderoninformationistogroupthingstogether.Take,forexample,aten-digitphonenumber:0-1-8-5-9-6-3-2-8-7.Regroupingthedigitsinpairsgivesonly5elementstoremember:01-85-96-32-87.Linkyourmemories.Fornewinformationtobekept,itmustbecomparedtoalltheotherinformationinthememorytoestablishwhetherithasalreadybeenrecordedorifitcontributessomethingreallynew.Iftheinformationisgenuinelynew,thebrainwilllookforotherinformationwithwhichtoassociateit.Thisprocessallowsustoestablishconnectionsbetweenpeople,objects,imagesandideasthathavesomethingincommon.____19____Repetition.Researchshowsthatwestartforgettinginformationsoonafterwehavelearnedit.____20____Tofixdatainourmemory,weneedtostartreviewingitstraightaway.Withuncomplicateddata,repetitionisstillthemostreliablemeansofconsolidation(鞏固),orcommittinginformationtolong-termmemory.A.Itisacomponenttotemporarymemory.B.Butmemorizationbyassociationrequirespractice.C.Andtooperateefficiently,thememoryneedsorder.D.Withinafewhours,wenolongerrecall70%to80%.E.Chancesarethattheywillbefirmlyfixedinyourmemory.F.It’sonlywhenitletsusdownthatwewonderifsomethingiswrong.G.Eitherversioncandominate,dependingonourknowledgeofasubject.【答案】16.F17.G18.C19.B20.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章通過(guò)介紹四種增強(qiáng)記憶力的技巧，幫助讀者更好地理解和應(yīng)用這些方法來(lái)改善記憶力?！?6題詳析】前文“Welivewithmemoryfrommorningtonightwithoutthinkingaboutit,justasweconstantlyuseourarmsandlegswithoutpayingattentiontothem.(我們從早到晚都生活在記憶中而不去想它，就像我們不停地使用我們的胳膊和腿而不去注意它們一樣)”類比“憶像四肢一樣被無(wú)意識(shí)使用”，后文轉(zhuǎn)折到“Thefactisthatformostofus,memorysuffersonlyfromlackofuse.(事實(shí)是記憶力因缺乏使用而退化)”。所以，需填入一個(gè)與“忽視記憶”相關(guān)的過(guò)渡句?！癋.It’sonlywhenitletsusdownthatwewonderifsomethingiswrong.(只有當(dāng)記憶出錯(cuò)時(shí)，我們才會(huì)質(zhì)疑它)”填入空格處，符合語(yǔ)境?！癷t”指代前文“memory”，完美銜接“無(wú)意識(shí)使用”和“忽視導(dǎo)致退化”的邏輯。故選F項(xiàng)。【17題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Weregisterthisinformationasamentalpicturewhiletransformingitintoaverbalform.(我們將這些信息作為一幅心理畫(huà)面記錄下來(lái)，同時(shí)將其轉(zhuǎn)化為語(yǔ)言形式)”可知，空格處的句子應(yīng)該是關(guān)于信息在大腦中如何被處理的進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。G項(xiàng)“Eitherversioncandominate,dependingonourknowledgeofasubject.(哪種形式占主導(dǎo)地位取決于我們對(duì)主題的了解)”填入空格處，符合語(yǔ)境，邏輯上引出了后文關(guān)于信息處理的討論，“eitherversion”指代前文的“mentalpicture”和“verbalform”，與后文例子完全契合。故選G項(xiàng)。【18題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Lookforlogic.Logicreasoningtrainsthemindtoimpose(施加)structureoninformation,toestablishorderandmeaningaccordingtocertainrules.(尋找邏輯。邏輯推理訓(xùn)練大腦將信息結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)一定的規(guī)則建立秩序和意義)”可知，本段強(qiáng)調(diào)“邏輯推理賦予信息結(jié)構(gòu)”。后文舉例電話號(hào)碼分組“Take,forexample,aten-digitphonenumber:0-1-8-5-9-6-3-2-8-7.Regroupingthedigitsinpairsgivesonly5elementstoremember:01-85-96-32-87.(例如，一個(gè)十位數(shù)的電話號(hào)碼：0-1-8-5-9-6-3-8-7。重新組合成對(duì)的數(shù)字只需要記住5個(gè)元素：01-85-96-32-87)”，體現(xiàn)“秩序?qū)τ洃浀膸椭薄選項(xiàng)“Andtooperateefficiently,thememoryneedsorder.(記憶需要秩序來(lái)高效運(yùn)作)”直接點(diǎn)明邏輯推理的作用，與后文例子匹配。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Linkyourmemories.Fornewinformationtobekept,itmustbecomparedtoalltheotherinformationinthememorytoestablishwhetherithasalreadybeenrecordedorifitcontributessomethingreallynew.Iftheinformationisgenuinelynew,thebrainwilllookforotherinformationwithwhichtoassociateit.Thisprocessallowsustoestablishconnectionsbetweenpeople,objects,imagesandideasthathavesomethingincommon.(連接你的記憶。為了保存新信息，必須將其與記憶中的所有其他信息進(jìn)行比較，以確定它是否已經(jīng)被記錄下來(lái)，或者它是否確實(shí)有新的貢獻(xiàn)。如果信息確實(shí)是新的，大腦會(huì)尋找其他信息將其聯(lián)系起來(lái)。這個(gè)過(guò)程使我們能夠在人、物體、圖像和有共同之處的想法之間建立聯(lián)系)”可知，本段講“通過(guò)關(guān)聯(lián)新舊信息強(qiáng)化記憶”。前文提到關(guān)聯(lián)是自然過(guò)程，B選項(xiàng)“Butmemorizationbyassociationrequirespractice.(但關(guān)聯(lián)記憶需練習(xí))”補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明其需要主動(dòng)訓(xùn)練，符合段落末尾總結(jié)性邏輯。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Researchshowsthatwestartforgettinginformationsoonafterwehavelearnedit.(研究表明，我們學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí)很快就會(huì)被遺忘)”可知，空格處的句子應(yīng)該是關(guān)于遺忘速度的具體數(shù)據(jù)。D項(xiàng)“Withinafewhours,wenolongerrecall70%to80%.(在幾個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)，我們不再記得70%到80%的信息)”填入空格處，符合語(yǔ)境，邏輯上補(bǔ)充了前文關(guān)于遺忘的討論。故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Thedecisiontoundergotympanoplasty(做鼓膜成形術(shù))wasnotmadelightly.Formonths,Ihadsufferedhearingloss,whichhad____21____affectedthequalityofmylife.Mydoctorrecommendedtympanoplastyasthebestsolutionto____22____myhearing.Despiteunderstandingthenecessity,Iwasconsumedbyanxiety.Intheweeks____23____theoperation,Ifoundcomfortinresearchingtheprocedure,____24____mymedicalteamandtalkingwithmyfamily.Thedayofthesurgeryarrivedwithamixof____25____andnervousness.Inaccordancewiththeprocedure,Iwasadmittedtothehospital,____26____intotheoperatingroomandoperatedon.ThenextthingIknew,Iwaswakingupintherecoveryroom.The____27____,whichhadlastedsometwohours,wasover.Theinitialhourspost-surgerywerefilledwithmild____28____.Themedicalteammonitoredmyvitalsandpainlevels,ensuringIwas____29____.Andthefirstfewdaysofrecoverywere____30____:myearwasbandagedandIexperienceddizziness.Strictinstructionsweregivento____31____activitiesthatcoulddisrupt(干擾)thehealingprocess.Follow-upappointmentswere____32____tomonitormyprogress.AndInoticedthediscomfortgraduallyfadedand____33____inmyhearingwasevident.Reflectingonthejourney,Irealizedthattheinitial____34____seemedasmallpricetopayforthesubstantialbenefitsIgainedandthatthe____35____frommymedicalteamandlovedonesplayedacrucialroleinovercomingthischallengingperiod.21.A.slightly B.narrowly C.significantly D.rarely22.A.restore B.damage C.adjust D.protect23.A.givingriseto B.leadingupto C.wipingout D.resultingin24.A.consulting B.welcoming C.establishing D.interviewing25.A.resistance B.astonishment C.anticipation D.confusion26.A.driven B.flown C.shipped D.wheeled27.A.checkup B.rescue C.surgery D.treatment28.A.starvation B.annoyance C.discomfort D.restlessness29.A.alive B.stable C.dynamic D.responsive30.A.challenging B.desperate C.remarkable D.unpredictable31.A.evaluate B.avoid C.continue D.organize32.A.scheduled B.canceled C.advanced D.postponed33.A.superiority B.improvement C.loss D.downturn34.A.decision B.efforts C.signs D.anxiety35.A.restriction B.pressure C.recognition D.support【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.A25.C26.D27.C28.C29.B30.A31.B32.A33.B34.D35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹作者因聽(tīng)力受損決定做鼓膜成形術(shù)，以及手術(shù)前后經(jīng)歷和康復(fù)過(guò)程?！?1題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幾個(gè)月來(lái)，我一直聽(tīng)力受損，這嚴(yán)重影響了我的生活質(zhì)量。A.slightly輕微地；B.narrowly勉強(qiáng)地；C.significantly嚴(yán)重地；D.rarely很少地。根據(jù)上文“Formonths,Ihadsufferedhearingloss”可知，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的聽(tīng)力受損對(duì)生活質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生了“嚴(yán)重”影響，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的醫(yī)生推薦鼓膜成形術(shù)作為恢復(fù)我聽(tīng)力的最佳方案。A.restore恢復(fù)；B.damage損害；C.adjust調(diào)整；D.protect保護(hù)。根據(jù)上文“sufferedhearingloss”以及“asthebestsolution”可知，作者聽(tīng)力受損，所以鼓膜成形術(shù)是為了“恢復(fù)”聽(tīng)力。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在手術(shù)前的幾周里，我通過(guò)研究手術(shù)過(guò)程、咨詢醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊(duì)和與家人交談來(lái)尋求安慰。A.givingriseto引起；B.leadingupto在……之前，臨近；C.wipingout消滅；D.resultingin導(dǎo)致。根據(jù)上文的“Despiteunderstandingthenecessity,Iwasconsumedbyanxiety.”可知，作者雖知道手術(shù)是必要的，但仍充滿焦慮，結(jié)合“theweeks”和“theoperation”可知，此處指的是在手術(shù)前的幾周時(shí)間。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在手術(shù)前的幾周里，我通過(guò)研究手術(shù)過(guò)程、咨詢醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊(duì)和與家人交談來(lái)尋求安慰。A.consulting咨詢；B.welcoming歡迎；C.establishing建立；D.interviewing采訪。根據(jù)上文的“Ifoundcomfortinresearchingtheprocedure”以及下文的“andtalkingwithmyfamily.”可知，此處介紹的是作者尋求安慰的途徑，結(jié)合“mymedicalteam”可知，此處指的是向醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊(duì)“咨詢”相關(guān)事宜。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：手術(shù)那天，我既期待又緊張。A.resistance抵抗；B.astonishment驚訝；C.anticipation期待；D.confusion困惑。根據(jù)上文的“Thedayofthesurgeryarrivedwithamixof”可知，此處描述的是手術(shù)到來(lái)時(shí)，作者復(fù)雜心情，結(jié)合下文的“andnervousness”可知，作者對(duì)手術(shù)既“期待”又緊張。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：按照手術(shù)流程，我被收治入院，被推進(jìn)手術(shù)室進(jìn)行手術(shù)。A.driven駕駛；B.flown飛行；C.shipped運(yùn)輸；D.wheeled用輪椅推。根據(jù)常識(shí)和下文的“intotheoperatingroomandoperatedon.”可知，病人在手術(shù)時(shí)通常是被輪椅推進(jìn)手術(shù)室的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：持續(xù)了大約兩個(gè)小時(shí)的手術(shù)結(jié)束了。A.checkup檢查；B.rescue救援；C.surgery手術(shù)；D.treatment治療。根據(jù)上文“Thedayofthesurgeryarrived”以及“l(fā)astedsometwohours”可知，此處指的是持續(xù)兩小時(shí)的“手術(shù)”結(jié)束了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：術(shù)后最初的幾個(gè)小時(shí)充滿了輕微的不適。A.starvation饑餓；B.annoyance惱怒；C.discomfort不適；D.restlessness坐立不安。根據(jù)下文“myearwasbandagedandIexperienceddizziness”可知，術(shù)后耳朵包扎且頭暈，由此可知，此處指的是有輕微“不適”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊(duì)監(jiān)測(cè)我的生命體征和疼痛程度，確保我狀態(tài)穩(wěn)定。A.alive活著的；B.stable穩(wěn)定的；C.dynamic動(dòng)態(tài)的；D.responsive反應(yīng)敏捷的。根據(jù)常識(shí)和上文的“Themedicalteammonitoredmyvitalsandpainlevels”可知，監(jiān)測(cè)這些是為了確保病人狀態(tài)“穩(wěn)定”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。【30題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：恢復(fù)的最初幾天很有挑戰(zhàn)性：我的耳朵被包扎著，還感到頭暈。A.challenging有挑戰(zhàn)性的；B.desperate絕望的；C.remarkable顯著的；D.unpredictable不可預(yù)測(cè)的。根據(jù)下文的“myearwasbandagedandIexperienceddizziness”可知，恢復(fù)初期身體不適，所以此處指的是很有“挑戰(zhàn)性”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生給出了嚴(yán)格的指示，避免進(jìn)行可能干擾愈合過(guò)程的活動(dòng)。A.evaluate評(píng)估；B.avoid避免；C.continue繼續(xù)；D.organize組織。根據(jù)“activitiesthatcoulddisruptthehealingprocess”可知，干擾愈合過(guò)程的活動(dòng)應(yīng)該是要“避免”，以利于傷口愈合。故選B項(xiàng)。【32題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：安排了后續(xù)預(yù)約以監(jiān)測(cè)我的恢復(fù)情況。A.scheduled安排；B.canceled取消；C.advanced前進(jìn)；D.postponed推遲。根據(jù)常識(shí)和上文的“Follow-upappointments”以及下文的“tomonitormyprogress”可知，為了監(jiān)測(cè)恢復(fù)情況，應(yīng)該會(huì)“安排”后續(xù)預(yù)約。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我注意到不適逐漸消失，聽(tīng)力的改善也很明顯。A.superiority優(yōu)越性；B.improvement改善；C.loss損失；D.downturn衰退。根據(jù)上文的“AndInoticedthediscomfortgraduallyfaded”可知，作者術(shù)后注意到不適感逐漸消失，結(jié)合上文的“Mydoctorrecommendedtympanoplastyasthebestsolutionto_______myhearing.”可知，作者做手術(shù)是為了恢復(fù)聽(tīng)力，由此可知，不適消失的同時(shí)聽(tīng)力得到了改善。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：回顧這段經(jīng)歷，我意識(shí)到最初的焦慮與我獲得的巨大益處相比，似乎只是一個(gè)小小的代價(jià)，而我的醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊(duì)和親人的支持在克服這段充滿挑戰(zhàn)的時(shí)期中起到了至關(guān)重要的作用。A.decision決定；B.efforts努力；C.signs跡象；D.anxiety焦慮。根據(jù)上文“Despiteunderstandingthenecessity,Iwasconsumedbyanxiety.”可知，這里說(shuō)的是最初對(duì)手術(shù)的焦慮。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：回顧這段經(jīng)歷，我意識(shí)到最初的焦慮與我獲得的巨大益處相比，似乎只是一個(gè)小小的代價(jià)，而我的醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊(duì)和親人的支持在克服這段充滿挑戰(zhàn)的時(shí)期中起到了至關(guān)重要的作用。A.restriction限制；B.pressure壓力；C.recognition認(rèn)可；D.support支持。根據(jù)下文的“frommymedicalteamandlovedones”以及作者成功度過(guò)手術(shù)和恢復(fù)期可知，醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊(duì)和親人的“支持”起到關(guān)鍵作用。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Orienteering(定向運(yùn)動(dòng))is_____36_____outdoorsportwhichtakesplaceinforestedareas.Competitors,armedwithadetailedmapwithacourse____37____(follow)onit,orientthemselve