高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省諸暨市2024-2025學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期適應(yīng)性考試英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳答案。AJoinanNPSRangerintheMarinHeadlandsComejoinaRanger（護林員）GuidedHikeandBirdingProgramwithaMarinHeadlandsInterpretationRanger!LearnallaboutthemanydifferenttypesofbirdsthatcalltheMarinHeadlandshomewhilehikingalongthescenicRodeoLagoonLoopTrailbeginningatRodeoBeach.ThisprogramwillbeofferedonmultipleSaturdays:February22nd/March1st/March8th/March22nd/March29th/April12th/April19th/April26th.Theprogramwillconsistofa1.5-milehikewithmultiplestopsalongthewaytoobserveandlearnaboutourfeatheredfriends.Gettipsandtricksonhowtospotandidentifybirds,birdwatchwitharanger,andconnectwithyournationalpark!Besuretowearcomfortablewalkingshoes,layers,andbringyourpairofbinoculars!MeetattheRodeoBeach“InformationStation”building1050.Lookforasignthatsays,“RangerGuidedHike/Program”andouruniformedInterpretationParkRangerswillbetherewaitingforyou!Programwillbeginat11:00amsharp.Notes:RunTime:90minutes,from11:00am—12:30pmReservationRequiredMaximumparticipants:20NoDogs/NoPetsPleaseletusknowifyouorsomeoneinyourgrouprequiresanyspecialaccommodationsbyemailing:GOGAMarinHeadlandsInfo@RegistrationtoattendisRequired.Theregistrationform’sdateswillcloseoncewehit20registeredattendeesperdate.Pleaseallow24-48hoursbeforereceivinganemailconfirmingyourregistration.Pleasedressaccordingly,wearproperfootwearandbesuretobringplentyofwater.RainorHighWindswillcanceltheevent.Formoreinformation,pleaseemailusatGOGA_MarinHeadland_Info@orcallat（415）331-1540.1.WhatdoyouknowabouttheMarinHeadlands?A.Itisacampingspotlikenoother. B.ItstaysopenmerelyonSaturdays.C.Itishometovariousbirdspecies. D.Itrunsallitswayalongthebeach.2.Whatshouldbenotedifyouaretojoinintheprogram?A.Yourpetwillcausenotrouble. B.Yourregistrationisconfirmed.C.Youhaveaknowledgeofbirds. D.Youdresswellforobservation.3.Whatisthewritingpurpose?A.Tointroduceawebsite. B.Toattractenthusiasts.C.Todescribeanepisode. D.Toadvocatealifestyle.【答案】1.C2.B3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了在馬林岬角由護林員帶領(lǐng)的徒步和觀鳥項目的相關(guān)信息，包括項目的內(nèi)容、時間安排、集合地點、注意事項等，目的是吸引人們參與該項目?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“LearnallaboutthemanydifferenttypesofbirdsthatcalltheMarinHeadlandshomewhilehikingalongthescenicRodeoLagoonLoopTrailbeginningatRodeoBeach.(當沿著從羅迪奧海灘開始的風景優(yōu)美的羅迪奧瀉湖環(huán)形小徑徒步旅行時，了解所有把馬林岬角當作棲息地的許多不同種類的鳥類。)”可知，馬林岬角是多種鳥類的棲息地。故選C。【2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Pleaseallow24-48hoursbeforereceivinganemailconfirmingyourregistration.(請在收到確認您注冊的電子郵件前等待24-48小時。)”可知，參加這個項目注冊需要得到確認。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。文章詳細介紹了在馬林岬角的徒步和觀鳥項目，包括項目內(nèi)容、時間、集合地點、注意事項等，目的是吸引對徒步和觀鳥感興趣的人來參加這個項目。故選B。BOneday,therewasaknockatthedoorandwhenIopenedit,inwalkedmysoncarryingapotofflowers.Foramoment,Ididn’tknowwhohewasandthen,suddenly,hewasthere.Hehadn’ttoldushewascomingandseeinghimwasashockandawonderfulsurprise.IthasbeenyearssinceIlastcriedaboutanythingbutwhenhesteppedinIwasintears.WeliveonCanada’swestcoastandmysonlivesontheeastcoast.Despitethedistance,wevisitedeachotherwithsomefrequency.However,forvariousreasons,wehaven’tseeneachotherforovertwoyears.Asparents,wetendtothinkofourchildrenasbeingyoungandbeinginneedofourguidanceevenwhentheyhavereachedadulthood.Somehow,though,myson’ssuddenappearanceandhismonth-longvisitthatfollowedletmeseehiminawholenewlight.Mywifeisillandneedsalotofsupportthesedaysandoursonsteppeduptohelp.ThereweresomerepairsneededaroundthehousethatIhadn’tgottentoandhesawthemandhelpedmetomakethemhappen.Heisahomeownerandisthereforeskilledatfixingandmaintainingthethingsthatcangowronginanormalhouseholdsohepitchedin.Hehelpedtopreparefoodandtohelphismothergetcomfortablewhenshehadtomovearound.Ingeneral,hetookfrommealoadIhadn’tfullyrealizedIwascarrying.Workingshouldertoshoulderwiththiscompetent,confidentmanthatIlovedandadmiredwasawonderfulandsurprisingexperience.Iprobablyshouldn’thavebeensurprisedbecausemysonisnowinhisfifties,isasuccessfulbusinessconsultant,ownsalargerhousethanIeverhadandmakesfarmoremoneythanIeverdid.IwonderhowheevergottobethatwayandIclaimnocreditforhissuccess.MysonleftrecentlyandagainIshedtearsasIdidwhenhearrived.Butitwasdifferentsomehow.4.Whatdoweknowabouttheson’sarrival?A.Itstruckfearintohisoldfather. B.Itwasconsideredabreak-in.C.Itwaswhathisfatherexpected. D.Ittookthefatherbysurprise.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrasemostprobablymean?A.Helpedout. B.Droppedin. C.Shiedaway. D.Heldon.6.Whydoyouthinktheauthorshedtearswhenhissonleft?A.Hehadtocarrytheloadagain. B.Heneededspiritualsupportbadly.C.Hewasveryproudofhisson. D.Hewassaddenedbyhisdeparture.7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ALong-awaitedbutShort-livedVisit B.ATimelyandPraiseworthyBackupC.AnIntelligentandWonderfulOldSon D.AnUnexpectedVisitfromMySon【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一位父親如何在兒子意外來訪后，重新認識并欣賞已經(jīng)成熟的兒子，以及兒子在家庭中提供的支持和幫助?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的句子“Foramoment,Ididn’tknowwhohewasandthen,suddenly,hewasthere.Hehadn’ttoldushewascomingandseeinghimwasashockandawonderfulsurprise.(有一刻，我不知道他是誰，然后，突然，他就站在那里。他沒有告訴我們他會來，看到他既是一個震驚也是一個美妙的驚喜。)”可知，兒子的到來讓父親感到非常意外。故選D項?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文的內(nèi)容“ThereweresomerepairsneededaroundthehousethatIhadn’tgottentoandhesawthemandhelpedmetomakethemhappen.Heisahomeownerandisthereforeskilledatfixingandmaintainingthethingsthatcangowronginanormalhousehold(家里有一些地方需要修理，我一直沒顧得上，他看到后就幫我一起完成了。他自己有房子，所以很擅長修理和維護普通家庭里可能出問題的東西)”可知，兒子擅長修理和維護普通家庭里可能出問題的東西，所以，兒子能幫上忙，劃線短語pitchedin的意義為“幫忙”，與helpedout意義一致。故選A項。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Iprobablyshouldn’thavebeensurprisedbecausemysonisnowinhisfifties,isasuccessfulbusinessconsultant,ownsalargerhousethanIeverhadandmakesfarmoremoneythanIeverdid.IwonderhowheevergottobethatwayandIclaimnocreditforhissuccess.(我可能不應(yīng)該感到驚訝，因為我的兒子現(xiàn)在五十多歲了，是一位成功的商業(yè)顧問，擁有一所比我曾經(jīng)擁有的更大的房子，并且賺的錢比我多得多。我想知道他是如何變成那樣的，我不會為他的成功而自夸。)”和第六段“MysonleftrecentlyandagainIshedtearsasIdidwhenhearrived.Butitwasdifferentsomehow.”(我的兒子最近離開了，我又像他來的時候一樣流下了眼淚。但這次有所不同。)”可以推論出，作者為兒子的成功和成長感到驕傲而流淚。故選C項?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，特別是第一段“Oneday,therewasaknockatthedoorandwhenIopenedit,inwalkedmysoncarryingapotofflowers.Foramoment,Ididn’tknowwhohewasandthen,suddenly,hewasthere.Hehadn’ttoldushewascomingandseeinghimwasashockandawonderfulsurprise.(有一天，門上響起了敲門聲，當我打開門時，我的兒子走了進來，手里拿著一盆花。有一刻，我不知道他是誰，然后，突然，他就站在那里。他沒有告訴我們他會來，看到他既是一個震驚也是一個美妙的驚喜。)”可知，文章主要講述了兒子意外來訪，給家庭帶來了巨大的幫助和支持，讓父親重新認識了已經(jīng)成熟的兒子。因此，最佳標題是“D.AnUnexpectedVisitfromMySon(我兒子的意外來訪)”。故選D項。CThepaper,publishedinCommunicationsEarthandEnvironment,revealsthereisfarlesswateravailablethanpreviouslythought.Withdemandforlithium(鋰),amineralcriticalforbatteriespoweringthegreentransition(變革),projectedtoincrease40-foldinthecomingdecades,theresearchsuggestslocalcommunities,regulatorsandthelithiumminingindustryquicklyworktogethertobringtheirwaterusagewithinsustainablelimits.IntheLithiumTriangle,locatedinSouthAmerica,Bouttandhisteamcomein.Theylookedat28differentbasins,wantingtounderstandhowrarethefreshwateris.“Theclimateandhydrology(水文學(xué))oftheLithiumTriangleisverydifficulttounderstand,”saysBoutt,soscientistsandengineershavereliedonglobalwatermodelstobestestimatewateravailabilityandenvironmentalimpactsoflithiumminingwithintheTriangle.GlobalwatermodelssuggestthatthefreshwaterflowingintotheLithiumTriangle’sbasinsissome90and230mmperyear.“Butafteraninitialassessment,”saysBoutt,“wesuspecteditwasgoingtobetooinaccurateforourpurposes.”SotheteamdevelopedLiCBWA,theirownmodel,findingasharpdifferencefromtheconventionalunderstanding.“There’snotmuchnewfreshwateratallcomingintothesesystems,”saysBoutt.Whileglobalmodelsestimateanaverageof90and230mmperyearofinflow,LiCBWAestimatesfrom2to33mm,dependingontheparticularbasin,withanaverageofjust11mmperyearforthe28basinsintheirstudy.“Theconventionalwisdomisoverestimatingtheamountofwaterbyatleasttentimes,”saysBoutt,“andwefoundthatallbutoneofthe28basinsinourstudyshouldbeclassifiedas’severelywaterrare’”.Meantime,theprocessesformininglithiumarechanging.Theoldermethodisbeingreplacedbydirectlithiumextraction(DLE)whichconsumesmorewater.“BecauselithiumminingisarealityintheLithiumTriangle,”theauthorsconclude,“scientists,localcommunities,regulatorsandproducersmustworktogethertoreducewateruse,”aswellascommittobettermonitoringrainfall,streamflowandgroundwaterlevelsforanevenmoreprecisehydrologicalpicture.8.Whatdoweknowaboutlithiumfromparagraph1?A.Demandforitwillincreasegreatly. B.Itsavailabilityislessthanexpected.C.It’sanewrawmaterialforbatteries. D.Itsminingshouldbelimitedinstantly.9.WhatisBouttandhisteam’spurpose?A.Tomonitortheclimateandhydrologyon-site.B.Tocalculatetheimpactmininghasontransitions.C.Toprovetheconventionalwisdomisgroundless.D.Toestimatetowhatextentthefreshwaterisrare.10.HowdotheteamfindthecurrentsituationofwaterintheTriangle?A.Hopeless. B.Acceptable. C.Critical. D.Optimistic.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Whataprecisehydrologicalpictureis. B.Howtoconservethewaterresources.C.Whywaterconsumptionissubstantial. D.Whethertoshutdownlithiummining.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章通過科學(xué)研究揭示南美“鋰三角”地區(qū)淡水資源的實際稀缺性遠超傳統(tǒng)認知，指出鋰礦開采與水資源可持續(xù)利用的矛盾，呼吁多方協(xié)作保護水資源。【8題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Withdemandforlithium(鋰),amineralcriticalforbatteriespoweringthegreentransition(變革),projectedtoincrease40-foldinthecomingdecades,theresearchsuggestslocalcommunities,regulatorsandthelithiumminingindustryquicklyworktogethertobringtheirwaterusagewithinsustainablelimits.(鋰是一種為綠色轉(zhuǎn)型提供動力的關(guān)鍵礦物，預(yù)計未來幾十年對鋰的需求將增加40倍，研究建議當?shù)厣鐓^(qū)、監(jiān)管機構(gòu)和鋰采礦業(yè)迅速合作，將其用水量控制在可持續(xù)的范圍內(nèi)。)”可知，從第一段我們了解到，對鋰的需求將會大大增加。故選A項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theylookedat28differentbasins,wantingtounderstandhowrarethefreshwateris.(他們觀察了28個不同的盆地，想要了解淡水的稀有程度。)”可知，Boutt和他的團隊的目的是評估淡水稀缺程度。故選D項?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中““Theconventionalwisdomisoverestimatingtheamountofwaterbyatleasttentimes,”saysBoutt,“andwefoundthatallbutoneofthe28basinsinourstudyshouldbeclassifiedas’severelywaterrare’”.(Boutt說：“傳統(tǒng)觀念將水量高估了至少10倍。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在我們研究的28個盆地中，除了一個以外，其他所有流域都應(yīng)該被列為‘嚴重缺水’?！?”可知，團隊發(fā)現(xiàn)三角地區(qū)的水的現(xiàn)狀是危急的。故選C項?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中““BecauselithiumminingisarealityintheLithiumTriangle,”theauthorsconclude,“scientists,localcommunities,regulatorsandproducersmustworktogethertoreducewateruse,”aswellascommittobettermonitoringrainfall,streamflowandgroundwaterlevelsforanevenmoreprecisehydrologicalpicture.(“因為鋰礦開采在鋰三角區(qū)是一個現(xiàn)實，”作者總結(jié)道，“科學(xué)家、當?shù)厣鐓^(qū)、監(jiān)管機構(gòu)和生產(chǎn)商必須共同努力減少用水”，并致力于更好地監(jiān)測降雨、河流流量和地下水位，以獲得更精確的水文圖像。)”可知，最后一段強調(diào)各方需合作“減少用水”并加強監(jiān)測，即如何保護水資源。故選B項。DHowoldareyourorgans?Theanswermightnotmatchyourchronological(按時間順序的)age—andanewresearchfindsthatanorgan’sbiologicalagemightpredictaperson’sriskofdiseases.TheresearchanalyzeddatafromWhitehallII,along-runningBritishstudyofagingthathasfollowedover10,000Britishadultsforover35years.Between1997and1999,theWhitehallstudytookbloodsamplesfromparticipantswhentheywere45to69yearsold.Thecurrentstudyanalyzedthosebloodsamplesaswellasfollow-updatafor6,235Whitehallparticipants,bythenaged65to89.Theresearchersusedtheanalysistohelpmeasurethegapbetweenaperson’sageandthebiologicalageofnineoftheirorgans:heart,bloodvessels,liver,immunesystem,pancreas,kidneys,lungs,intestinesandbrain.Thentheylookedatfollow-updatathatshowedthekindsofdiseasesparticipantsdevelopedastheyagedoverthenexttwodecades.Theorgansagedatdifferentratesindifferentpeople,theresearcherswrite—andthosewith“fast-aging”organshadanincreasedriskof30ofthe45age-relateddiseasesstudied.Someoftheassociationslinkedfasteragingorganstodiseasesinthatorgan;forexample,thosewithaccelerated(加快的)lungagingwerelikeliertodeveloprespiratory(呼吸的)diseases.Butinothercases,thelinkwasnotasdirect.Fasteragingofthekidneys,inparticular,waslinkedtodiseasesofthekidneysandotherorgans,suchastheliverandpancreas,andacceleratedagingofmultipleorgansinthebodyincreasedkidneydiseaserisk.“Surprisingly,”theresearcherssay,dementia(癡呆癥)wasnotbestpredictedbyacceleratedbrainaging,butratherbytheimmunesystem’sbiologicalage.Theresearcherssaythestudyshowsthepromiseofanorgan-specificbloodtest,whichissimplerthanpastmethods.Inanewsrelease,leadauthor,MikaKivimaki,sayssuchtestscouldoneday“advisewhetherapersonneedstotakebettercareofaparticularorgan,andpotentiallyprovideanearly-warningsignalthattheymaybeatriskofaparticulardisease.”12.Whathastheresearchrevealed?A.Organsfailnaturallybutdifferentlyaspeopleage.B.Fasterorganagingpredictsincreaseddiseaserisks.C.Healthyorgansareaguaranteeofone’swell-being.D.Organagingistheleadingcauseofitsfunctionloss.13.Whatdoyouknowaboutthestudy?A.Theorganswerehealthy. B.Theparticipantswerelong-lived.C.Theprocesswaslengthy. D.Theresultswereyettobeproved.14.Whatisthesurprisingoutcomeregardingdementia?A.Itisunavoidableasoneages. B.Relevantpredictionsarequiteaccurate.C.Sciencepromisesacureforit. D.Fasterbrainagingisn’titsdirectcause.15.Inwhichwayarethefindingsbeneficial?A.Theycanhelppreventorgandisease. B.Anyparticulardiseasecanbedetected.C.Organ-specificbloodtestsaresimple. D.Healthoforganswouldbeguaranteed.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項新的研究，探討了器官的生物學(xué)年齡與個體疾病風險之間的關(guān)系?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Theorgansagedatdifferentratesindifferentpeople,theresearcherswrite—andthosewith“fast-aging”organshadanincreasedriskof30ofthe45age-relateddiseasesstudied.(研究人員寫道，不同人的器官以不同的速率衰老——那些擁有“快速衰老”器官的人在研究的45種與年齡相關(guān)的疾病中，有30種疾病的患病風險增加。)”可知，研究揭示了更快的器官衰老預(yù)測了更高的疾病風險。故選B項。【13題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TheresearchanalyzeddatafromWhitehallII,along-runningBritishstudyofagingthathasfollowedover10,000Britishadultsforover35years.(這項研究分析了WhitehallII的數(shù)據(jù)，這是一項長期的英國老齡化研究，已經(jīng)跟蹤了超過10,000名英國成年人超過35年。)”可知，研究過程是漫長的。故選C項?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段““Surprisingly,”theresearcherssay,dementia(癡呆癥)wasnotbestpredictedbyacceleratedbrainaging,butratherbytheimmunesystem’sbiologicalage.”(“令人驚訝的是，”研究人員說，癡呆癥并不是由加速的大腦衰老最好預(yù)測的，而是由免疫系統(tǒng)的生物學(xué)年齡預(yù)測的。)”可知，癡呆癥并不是由大腦的快速衰老直接引起的。故選D項?！?5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theresearcherssaythestudyshowsthepromiseofanorgan-specificbloodtest,whichissimplerthanpastmethods.Inanewsrelease,leadauthor,MikaKivimaki,sayssuchtestscouldoneday‘a(chǎn)dvisewhetherapersonneedstotakebettercareofaparticularorgan,andpotentiallyprovideanearly-warningsignalthattheymaybeatriskofaparticulardisease.’”(研究人員說，這項研究表明了器官特異性血液測試的前景，這種方法比過去的方法更簡單。在新聞發(fā)布會上，主要作者MikaKivimaki說，這樣的測試有一天可以“建議一個人是否需要更好地照顧某個特定的器官，并可能提供一個早期預(yù)警信號，表明他們可能患有某種特定的疾病?！?”可知，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)有助于預(yù)防器官疾病。故選A項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。SimpleTechniquestoStrengthenOurMemoryMusclesWelivewithmemoryfrommorningtonightwithoutthinkingaboutit,justasweconstantlyuseourarmsandlegswithoutpayingattentiontothem.____16____Thefactisthatformostofus,memorysuffersonlyfromlackofuse.Herearefourtechniquestohelpusholdontotheinformationweneedtoliveabetter,lessforgetfullife.Creatementalimages.Wheninformationentersourbrain,wecreateamentalrepresentationofit.Weregisterthisinformationasamentalpicturewhiletransformingitintoaverbalform.____17____WhenwehearthenameTutankhamen,forinstance,theverbalimageisprobablystrongerifweknewlittleaboutEgyptianarchaeology.Lookforlogic.Logicreasoningtrainsthemindtoimpose(施加)structureoninformation,toestablishorderandmeaningaccordingtocertainrules.____18____Onewaytoimposeorderoninformationistogroupthingstogether.Take,forexample,aten-digitphonenumber:0-1-8-5-9-6-3-2-8-7.Regroupingthedigitsinpairsgivesonly5elementstoremember:01-85-96-32-87.Linkyourmemories.Fornewinformationtobekept,itmustbecomparedtoalltheotherinformationinthememorytoestablishwhetherithasalreadybeenrecordedorifitcontributessomethingreallynew.Iftheinformationisgenuinelynew,thebrainwilllookforotherinformationwithwhichtoassociateit.Thisprocessallowsustoestablishconnectionsbetweenpeople,objects,imagesandideasthathavesomethingincommon.____19____Repetition.Researchshowsthatwestartforgettinginformationsoonafterwehavelearnedit.____20____Tofixdatainourmemory,weneedtostartreviewingitstraightaway.Withuncomplicateddata,repetitionisstillthemostreliablemeansofconsolidation(鞏固),orcommittinginformationtolong-termmemory.A.Itisacomponenttotemporarymemory.B.Butmemorizationbyassociationrequirespractice.C.Andtooperateefficiently,thememoryneedsorder.D.Withinafewhours,wenolongerrecall70%to80%.E.Chancesarethattheywillbefirmlyfixedinyourmemory.F.It’sonlywhenitletsusdownthatwewonderifsomethingiswrong.G.Eitherversioncandominate,dependingonourknowledgeofasubject.【答案】16.F17.G18.C19.B20.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章通過介紹四種增強記憶力的技巧，幫助讀者更好地理解和應(yīng)用這些方法來改善記憶力?！?6題詳析】前文“Welivewithmemoryfrommorningtonightwithoutthinkingaboutit,justasweconstantlyuseourarmsandlegswithoutpayingattentiontothem.(我們從早到晚都生活在記憶中而不去想它，就像我們不停地使用我們的胳膊和腿而不去注意它們一樣)”類比“憶像四肢一樣被無意識使用”，后文轉(zhuǎn)折到“Thefactisthatformostofus,memorysuffersonlyfromlackofuse.(事實是記憶力因缺乏使用而退化)”。所以，需填入一個與“忽視記憶”相關(guān)的過渡句。“F.It’sonlywhenitletsusdownthatwewonderifsomethingiswrong.(只有當記憶出錯時，我們才會質(zhì)疑它)”填入空格處，符合語境。“it”指代前文“memory”，完美銜接“無意識使用”和“忽視導(dǎo)致退化”的邏輯。故選F項?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Weregisterthisinformationasamentalpicturewhiletransformingitintoaverbalform.(我們將這些信息作為一幅心理畫面記錄下來，同時將其轉(zhuǎn)化為語言形式)”可知，空格處的句子應(yīng)該是關(guān)于信息在大腦中如何被處理的進一步說明。G項“Eitherversioncandominate,dependingonourknowledgeofasubject.(哪種形式占主導(dǎo)地位取決于我們對主題的了解)”填入空格處，符合語境，邏輯上引出了后文關(guān)于信息處理的討論，“eitherversion”指代前文的“mentalpicture”和“verbalform”，與后文例子完全契合。故選G項?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Lookforlogic.Logicreasoningtrainsthemindtoimpose(施加)structureoninformation,toestablishorderandmeaningaccordingtocertainrules.(尋找邏輯。邏輯推理訓(xùn)練大腦將信息結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)一定的規(guī)則建立秩序和意義)”可知，本段強調(diào)“邏輯推理賦予信息結(jié)構(gòu)”。后文舉例電話號碼分組“Take,forexample,aten-digitphonenumber:0-1-8-5-9-6-3-2-8-7.Regroupingthedigitsinpairsgivesonly5elementstoremember:01-85-96-32-87.(例如，一個十位數(shù)的電話號碼：0-1-8-5-9-6-3-8-7。重新組合成對的數(shù)字只需要記住5個元素：01-85-96-32-87)”，體現(xiàn)“秩序?qū)τ洃浀膸椭薄選項“Andtooperateefficiently,thememoryneedsorder.(記憶需要秩序來高效運作)”直接點明邏輯推理的作用，與后文例子匹配。故選C項。【19題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Linkyourmemories.Fornewinformationtobekept,itmustbecomparedtoalltheotherinformationinthememorytoestablishwhetherithasalreadybeenrecordedorifitcontributessomethingreallynew.Iftheinformationisgenuinelynew,thebrainwilllookforotherinformationwithwhichtoassociateit.Thisprocessallowsustoestablishconnectionsbetweenpeople,objects,imagesandideasthathavesomethingincommon.(連接你的記憶。為了保存新信息，必須將其與記憶中的所有其他信息進行比較，以確定它是否已經(jīng)被記錄下來，或者它是否確實有新的貢獻。如果信息確實是新的，大腦會尋找其他信息將其聯(lián)系起來。這個過程使我們能夠在人、物體、圖像和有共同之處的想法之間建立聯(lián)系)”可知，本段講“通過關(guān)聯(lián)新舊信息強化記憶”。前文提到關(guān)聯(lián)是自然過程，B選項“Butmemorizationbyassociationrequirespractice.(但關(guān)聯(lián)記憶需練習)”補充說明其需要主動訓(xùn)練，符合段落末尾總結(jié)性邏輯。故選B項?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Researchshowsthatwestartforgettinginformationsoonafterwehavelearnedit.(研究表明，我們學(xué)過的知識很快就會被遺忘)”可知，空格處的句子應(yīng)該是關(guān)于遺忘速度的具體數(shù)據(jù)。D項“Withinafewhours,wenolongerrecall70%to80%.(在幾個小時內(nèi)，我們不再記得70%到80%的信息)”填入空格處，符合語境，邏輯上補充了前文關(guān)于遺忘的討論。故選D項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Thedecisiontoundergotympanoplasty(做鼓膜成形術(shù))wasnotmadelightly.Formonths,Ihadsufferedhearingloss,whichhad____21____affectedthequalityofmylife.Mydoctorrecommendedtympanoplastyasthebestsolutionto____22____myhearing.Despiteunderstandingthenecessity,Iwasconsumedbyanxiety.Intheweeks____23____theoperation,Ifoundcomfortinresearchingtheprocedure,____24____mymedicalteamandtalkingwithmyfamily.Thedayofthesurgeryarrivedwithamixof____25____andnervousness.Inaccordancewiththeprocedure,Iwasadmittedtothehospital,____26____intotheoperatingroomandoperatedon.ThenextthingIknew,Iwaswakingupintherecoveryroom.The____27____,whichhadlastedsometwohours,wasover.Theinitialhourspost-surgerywerefilledwithmild____28____.Themedicalteammonitoredmyvitalsandpainlevels,ensuringIwas____29____.Andthefirstfewdaysofrecoverywere____30____:myearwasbandagedandIexperienceddizziness.Strictinstructionsweregivento____31____activitiesthatcoulddisrupt(干擾)thehealingprocess.Follow-upappointmentswere____32____tomonitormyprogress.AndInoticedthediscomfortgraduallyfadedand____33____inmyhearingwasevident.Reflectingonthejourney,Irealizedthattheinitial____34____seemedasmallpricetopayforthesubstantialbenefitsIgainedandthatthe____35____frommymedicalteamandlovedonesplayedacrucialroleinovercomingthischallengingperiod.21.A.slightly B.narrowly C.significantly D.rarely22.A.restore B.damage C.adjust D.protect23.A.givingriseto B.leadingupto C.wipingout D.resultingin24.A.consulting B.welcoming C.establishing D.interviewing25.A.resistance B.astonishment C.anticipation D.confusion26.A.driven B.flown C.shipped D.wheeled27.A.checkup B.rescue C.surgery D.treatment28.A.starvation B.annoyance C.discomfort D.restlessness29.A.alive B.stable C.dynamic D.responsive30.A.challenging B.desperate C.remarkable D.unpredictable31.A.evaluate B.avoid C.continue D.organize32.A.scheduled B.canceled C.advanced D.postponed33.A.superiority B.improvement C.loss D.downturn34.A.decision B.efforts C.signs D.anxiety35.A.restriction B.pressure C.recognition D.support【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.A25.C26.D27.C28.C29.B30.A31.B32.A33.B34.D35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹作者因聽力受損決定做鼓膜成形術(shù)，以及手術(shù)前后經(jīng)歷和康復(fù)過程?！?1題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幾個月來，我一直聽力受損，這嚴重影響了我的生活質(zhì)量。A.slightly輕微地；B.narrowly勉強地；C.significantly嚴重地；D.rarely很少地。根據(jù)上文“Formonths,Ihadsufferedhearingloss”可知，長時間的聽力受損對生活質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生了“嚴重”影響，符合語境。故選C項?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的醫(yī)生推薦鼓膜成形術(shù)作為恢復(fù)我聽力的最佳方案。A.restore恢復(fù)；B.damage損害；C.adjust調(diào)整；D.protect保護。根據(jù)上文“sufferedhearingloss”以及“asthebestsolution”可知，作者聽力受損，所以鼓膜成形術(shù)是為了“恢復(fù)”聽力。故選A項。【23題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：在手術(shù)前的幾周里，我通過研究手術(shù)過程、咨詢醫(yī)療團隊和與家人交談來尋求安慰。A.givingriseto引起；B.leadingupto在……之前，臨近；C.wipingout消滅；D.resultingin導(dǎo)致。根據(jù)上文的“Despiteunderstandingthenecessity,Iwasconsumedbyanxiety.”可知，作者雖知道手術(shù)是必要的，但仍充滿焦慮，結(jié)合“theweeks”和“theoperation”可知，此處指的是在手術(shù)前的幾周時間。故選B項?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在手術(shù)前的幾周里，我通過研究手術(shù)過程、咨詢醫(yī)療團隊和與家人交談來尋求安慰。A.consulting咨詢；B.welcoming歡迎；C.establishing建立；D.interviewing采訪。根據(jù)上文的“Ifoundcomfortinresearchingtheprocedure”以及下文的“andtalkingwithmyfamily.”可知，此處介紹的是作者尋求安慰的途徑，結(jié)合“mymedicalteam”可知，此處指的是向醫(yī)療團隊“咨詢”相關(guān)事宜。故選A項?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：手術(shù)那天，我既期待又緊張。A.resistance抵抗；B.astonishment驚訝；C.anticipation期待；D.confusion困惑。根據(jù)上文的“Thedayofthesurgeryarrivedwithamixof”可知，此處描述的是手術(shù)到來時，作者復(fù)雜心情，結(jié)合下文的“andnervousness”可知，作者對手術(shù)既“期待”又緊張。故選C項?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：按照手術(shù)流程，我被收治入院，被推進手術(shù)室進行手術(shù)。A.driven駕駛；B.flown飛行；C.shipped運輸；D.wheeled用輪椅推。根據(jù)常識和下文的“intotheoperatingroomandoperatedon.”可知，病人在手術(shù)時通常是被輪椅推進手術(shù)室的。故選D項?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：持續(xù)了大約兩個小時的手術(shù)結(jié)束了。A.checkup檢查；B.rescue救援；C.surgery手術(shù)；D.treatment治療。根據(jù)上文“Thedayofthesurgeryarrived”以及“l(fā)astedsometwohours”可知，此處指的是持續(xù)兩小時的“手術(shù)”結(jié)束了。故選C項?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：術(shù)后最初的幾個小時充滿了輕微的不適。A.starvation饑餓；B.annoyance惱怒；C.discomfort不適；D.restlessness坐立不安。根據(jù)下文“myearwasbandagedandIexperienceddizziness”可知，術(shù)后耳朵包扎且頭暈，由此可知，此處指的是有輕微“不適”符合語境。故選C項?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)療團隊監(jiān)測我的生命體征和疼痛程度，確保我狀態(tài)穩(wěn)定。A.alive活著的；B.stable穩(wěn)定的；C.dynamic動態(tài)的；D.responsive反應(yīng)敏捷的。根據(jù)常識和上文的“Themedicalteammonitoredmyvitalsandpainlevels”可知，監(jiān)測這些是為了確保病人狀態(tài)“穩(wěn)定”符合語境。故選B項。【30題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：恢復(fù)的最初幾天很有挑戰(zhàn)性：我的耳朵被包扎著，還感到頭暈。A.challenging有挑戰(zhàn)性的；B.desperate絕望的；C.remarkable顯著的；D.unpredictable不可預(yù)測的。根據(jù)下文的“myearwasbandagedandIexperienceddizziness”可知，恢復(fù)初期身體不適，所以此處指的是很有“挑戰(zhàn)性”符合語境。故選A項?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生給出了嚴格的指示，避免進行可能干擾愈合過程的活動。A.evaluate評估；B.avoid避免；C.continue繼續(xù)；D.organize組織。根據(jù)“activitiesthatcoulddisruptthehealingprocess”可知，干擾愈合過程的活動應(yīng)該是要“避免”，以利于傷口愈合。故選B項?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：安排了后續(xù)預(yù)約以監(jiān)測我的恢復(fù)情況。A.scheduled安排；B.canceled取消；C.advanced前進；D.postponed推遲。根據(jù)常識和上文的“Follow-upappointments”以及下文的“tomonitormyprogress”可知，為了監(jiān)測恢復(fù)情況，應(yīng)該會“安排”后續(xù)預(yù)約。故選A項。【33題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我注意到不適逐漸消失，聽力的改善也很明顯。A.superiority優(yōu)越性；B.improvement改善；C.loss損失；D.downturn衰退。根據(jù)上文的“AndInoticedthediscomfortgraduallyfaded”可知，作者術(shù)后注意到不適感逐漸消失，結(jié)合上文的“Mydoctorrecommendedtympanoplastyasthebestsolutionto_______myhearing.”可知，作者做手術(shù)是為了恢復(fù)聽力，由此可知，不適消失的同時聽力得到了改善。故選B項?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：回顧這段經(jīng)歷，我意識到最初的焦慮與我獲得的巨大益處相比，似乎只是一個小小的代價，而我的醫(yī)療團隊和親人的支持在克服這段充滿挑戰(zhàn)的時期中起到了至關(guān)重要的作用。A.decision決定；B.efforts努力；C.signs跡象；D.anxiety焦慮。根據(jù)上文“Despiteunderstandingthenecessity,Iwasconsumedbyanxiety.”可知，這里說的是最初對手術(shù)的焦慮。故選D項。【35題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：回顧這段經(jīng)歷，我意識到最初的焦慮與我獲得的巨大益處相比，似乎只是一個小小的代價，而我的醫(yī)療團隊和親人的支持在克服這段充滿挑戰(zhàn)的時期中起到了至關(guān)重要的作用。A.restriction限制；B.pressure壓力；C.recognition認可；D.support支持。根據(jù)下文的“frommymedicalteamandlovedones”以及作者成功度過手術(shù)和恢復(fù)期可知，醫(yī)療團隊和親人的“支持”起到關(guān)鍵作用。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Orienteering(定向運動)is_____36_____outdoorsportwhichtakesplaceinforestedareas.Competitors,armedwithadetailedmapwithacourse____37____(follow)onit,orientthemselve