八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)期末環(huán)保主題閱讀理解試卷2025版，新題新解一、單項(xiàng)選擇（共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）1.Theearthislikeabig________thatsupportsalllifeonit.A.houseB.schoolC.boatD.garden2.Toprotecttheenvironment,weshould________wasteproducts.A.throwawayB.burnC.recycleD.throwout3.Itisimportantto________waterandelectricityinourdailylife.A.saveB.wasteC.useD.saveup4.Thegovernmenthastakenmanymeasuresto________pollution.A.preventB.reduceC.increaseD.create5.________isoneofthemostseriousenvironmentalproblemsintheworld.A.OverpopulationB.OverconsumptionC.OverproductionD.Overfishing6.Weshouldplantmoretreesto________theair.A.cleanB.purifyC.improveD.protect7.________isagoodwaytosaveenergy.A.TurningoffthelightswhennotinuseB.UsingairconditionersalldayC.DrivingcarswithoutanyrestrictionsD.Throwingawayoldelectronicproducts8.The________oftheoceanisveryimportantforthesurvivalofmanyspecies.A.temperatureB.sizeC.depthD.cleanliness9.Weshould________thenaturalresourcesinsteadofexploitingthem.A.useB.protectC.wasteD.destroy10.ThefollowingsentenceisNOTtrueaboutenvironmentalprotection:A.Itiseveryone'sresponsibilitytoprotecttheenvironment.B.Environmentalprotectionisonlytheresponsibilityofthegovernment.C.Weshouldreducetheuseofplasticbags.D.Weshouldsavewaterandelectricityinourdailylife.二、完形填空（共15小題，每小題1分，共15分）Inthepastfewdecades,theworldhaschangedalot.Manypeoplehaverealizedthattheenvironmentisveryimportant.However,someproblemsstillexist.Forexample,pollution,deforestation,andglobalwarmingarestillseriousissues.1.________theenvironmentisaglobalconcern,manycountrieshavetakenactionstosolvetheseproblems.2.________pollutionhasbecomeabigprobleminbigcities,peoplearetryingtofindwaystoreduceit.3.________oftheworld'sforestshavebeendestroyedduetodeforestation.4.Globalwarmingiscausedby________gasesintheatmosphere.5.________isagoodwaytoreducecarbonemissions.6.________shouldtakeresponsibilityforprotectingtheenvironment.7.________canberecycledandreused.8.________canbeusedtoproduceelectricity.9.________isaseriousprobleminmanycountries.10.________isagoodwaytosavewater.11.________isagoodwaytosaveenergy.12.________isagoodwaytoreducewaste.13.________isagoodwaytoprotectwildlife.14.________isagoodwaytopromoteenvironmentalawareness.15.________isagoodwaytocreateasustainablefuture.三、閱讀理解（共10小題，每小題2分，共20分）Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestions.TheoceanisthelargestecosystemonEarth.Itcoversabout71%oftheEarth'ssurface.Theoceanishometomillionsofspecies,includingfish,mammals,birds,andplants.However,theoceanisfacingmanythreats,suchaspollution,overfishing,andclimatechange.1.Whatistheocean?A.AbiglakeB.ThelargestecosystemonEarthC.AplacewherepeopleliveD.Asourceoffreshwater2.HowmuchoftheEarth'ssurfaceiscoveredbytheocean?A.50%B.60%C.71%D.80%3.Whatistheoceanhometo?A.OnlyfishB.OnlymammalsC.OnlybirdsD.Manyspecies4.Whataresomethreatstotheocean?A.Pollution,overfishing,andclimatechangeB.Deforestation,overpopulation,andglobalwarmingC.Overconsumption,overproduction,andoverfishingD.Overpopulation,overconsumption,andoverfishing5.Whyistheoceanfacingmanythreats?A.BecauseitistoobigB.BecauseitistoosmallC.BecauseofhumanactivitiesD.Becauseofnaturaldisasters6.Whatisonewaytoreducepollutionintheocean?A.UsingmoreplasticbagsB.ThrowingawaywasteproductsintheoceanC.RecyclingandreusingproductsD.Usingmorepesticides7.Whatisonewaytoreduceoverfishingintheocean?A.CatchingmorefishB.SellingmorefishC.ProtectingfishpopulationsD.Eatingmorefish8.Whatisonewaytoreduceclimatechangeintheocean?A.UsingmorefossilfuelsB.BurningmoretreesC.ReducingcarbonemissionsD.Usingmorenuclearenergy9.Whatisonewaytoprotecttheocean?A.DumpingwasteproductsintheoceanB.OverfishingfishpopulationsC.ProtectingmarinespeciesD.Usingmorechemicalproducts10.Whatisonewaytopromoteenvironmentalawarenessabouttheocean?A.IgnoringtheproblemsB.EducatingpeopleabouttheoceanC.Sellingmoreocean-relatedproductsD.Usingmoreoceanresources四、短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）Thefollowingpassageissomethingyouhavewritten.Youareaskedtocorrectitandthenputtherightwordsintheblanks.Thereare10mistakesinthispassage.Eachmistakehasonlyoneerror.Youcanchangeaword,addaword,ordeleteaword.Weallknowthattheenvironmentisveryimportant.Infact,itissoimportantthatitaffectsusinmanyways.Forexample,weneedcleanairtobreathe,cleanwatertodrink,andfertilesoiltogrowfood.However,theenvironmentisfacingmanyproblems.Manypeoplearecuttingdowntreesandpollutingrivers.Theseactionsarecausingseriousproblemstotheenvironment.Themostseriousproblemisglobalwarming.Itiscausedbytheincreaseofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere.ThishasledtoariseintheEarth'stemperature.Asaresult,manypolaranimalsarelosingtheirhomes.Moreover,manycoastalcitiesarefacingtheriskofflooding.Tosolvethisproblem,weshouldreducetheamountofgreenhousegasesbyusingrenewableenergysourcesandbyplantingmoretrees.1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________10.__________五、閱讀理解（共10小題，每小題2分，共20分）Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestions.Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasgainedalotofattentioninrecentyears.Itreferstoawayofmeetingtheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Thismeansthatweshouldbalanceeconomicgrowthwithenvironmentalprotectionandsocialequity.Oneofthekeyaspectsofsustainabledevelopmentistheefficientuseofresources.Thisincludesenergy,water,andrawmaterials.Byusingtheseresourcesmoreefficiently,wecanreducewasteandpollution.Forexample,renewableenergysourceslikesolarandwindpowercanreplacefossilfuels,whicharenotonlyfinitebutalsocontributetoclimatechange.Anotherimportantaspectistheconservationofbiodiversity.Thisinvolvesprotectingecosystemsandthespeciesthatinhabitthem.Biodiversityiscrucialformaintainingthebalanceofnatureandprovidingessentialserviceslikecleanairandwater.1.Whatissustainabledevelopment?2.Whatdoessustainabledevelopmentmeanintermsofresourceuse?3.Givetwoexamplesofrenewableenergysources.4.Whyistheconservationofbiodiversityimportant?5.Howdoessustainabledevelopmentcontributetotheprotectionoftheenvironment?6.Howcanwepromotesustainabledevelopmentinourdailylives?7.Whatisonewaytoreducewaste?8.Howcantheefficientuseofresourcescontributetoreducingpollution?9.Whyarefossilfuelsconsideredharmfultotheenvironment?10.Howdoessustainabledevelopmentaffectfuturegenerations?六、書面表達(dá)（共1題，共15分）Writeashortpassageofabout100wordsonthefollowingtopic:"MyRoleinEnvironmentalProtection".Youshouldincludethefollowingpoints:-Whyisenvironmentalprotectionimportant?-Whatcanindividualsdotocontributetoenvironmentalprotection?-Howcanyoupersonallymakeadifferenceinyourcommunity?本次試卷答案如下：一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.D解析：地球就像一個(gè)大花園，支撐著所有的生命。2.C解析：為了保護(hù)環(huán)境，我們應(yīng)該回收利用廢物產(chǎn)品。3.A解析：在我們的日常生活中，節(jié)約水和電是很重要的。4.B解析：政府已經(jīng)采取了多項(xiàng)措施來(lái)減少污染。5.A解析：人口過多是世界上最為嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境問題之一。6.B解析：我們應(yīng)該種植更多的樹來(lái)凈化空氣。7.A解析：在不使用時(shí)關(guān)掉燈是節(jié)約能源的好方法。8.D解析：海洋的清潔對(duì)于許多物種的生存至關(guān)重要。9.B解析：我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)自然資源，而不是過度開采它們。10.B解析：關(guān)于環(huán)境保護(hù)，以下句子是不正確的：環(huán)境保護(hù)只是政府的責(zé)任。二、完形填空1.Since解析：由于保護(hù)環(huán)境是一個(gè)全球性的關(guān)注點(diǎn)，許多國(guó)家已經(jīng)采取了行動(dòng)來(lái)解決這些問題。2.Because解析：由于污染已經(jīng)成為大城市的一個(gè)大問題，人們正在試圖找到減少污染的方法。3.Half解析：由于砍伐森林，世界上的一半森林已經(jīng)被破壞。4.Greenhouse解析：全球變暖是由大氣中的溫室氣體引起的。5.Using解析：使用是減少碳排放的好方法。6.Everyone解析：每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該對(duì)保護(hù)環(huán)境承擔(dān)責(zé)任。7.Waste解析：廢物可以被回收和再利用。8.Solar解析：太陽(yáng)能可以被用來(lái)發(fā)電。9.Overpopulation解析：人口過多是許多國(guó)家面臨的一個(gè)嚴(yán)重問題。10.Save解析：節(jié)約是節(jié)約水的好方法。11.Turnoff解析：關(guān)掉是不使用時(shí)節(jié)約能源的好方法。12.Reduce解析：減少是減少浪費(fèi)的好方法。13.Protect解析：保護(hù)是保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的好方法。14.Educate解析：教育是提高環(huán)境意識(shí)的好方法。15.Create解析：創(chuàng)造是創(chuàng)造可持續(xù)未來(lái)的好方法。三、閱讀理解1.B解析：海洋是地球上最大的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。2.C解析：海洋覆蓋了地球表面的71%。3.D解析：海洋是許多物種的家園，包括魚、哺乳動(dòng)物、鳥類和植物。4.A解析：海洋面臨的威脅包括污染、過度捕撈和氣候變化。5.C解析：海洋面臨許多威脅是因?yàn)槿祟惢顒?dòng)。6.C解析：回收和再利用是減少海洋污染的好方法。7.C解析：保護(hù)魚群是減少過度捕撈的好方法。8.C解析：減少碳排放是減少海洋氣候變化的好方法。9.C解析：保護(hù)海洋物種是保護(hù)海洋的好方法。10.B解析：教育人們關(guān)于海洋是提高海洋環(huán)境意識(shí)的好方法。四、短文改錯(cuò)1.Infact→Inreality解析：將“事實(shí)上”改為“實(shí)際上”。2.soimportantthat→soimportantthatit解析：在“that”后面加上“it”來(lái)指代“theenvironment”。3.affects→affects解析：使用單數(shù)形式“affects”來(lái)匹配主語(yǔ)“it”。4.cleanairtobreathe→cleanairtobreathe解析：此句沒有錯(cuò)誤。5.cleanwatertodrink→cleanwatertodrink解析：此句沒有錯(cuò)誤。6.fertilesoiltogrowfood→fertilesoiltogrowfood解析：此句沒有錯(cuò)誤。7.Manypeoplearecuttingdowntreesandpollutingrivers→Manypeoplearecuttingdowntreesandpollutingrivers解析：此句沒有錯(cuò)誤。8.Theseactionsarecausingseriousproblemstotheenvironment→Theseactionsarecausingseriousproblemsfortheenvironment解析：將“to”改為“for”。9.Themostseriousproblemisglobalwarming→Themostseriousproblemisglobalwarming解析：此句沒有錯(cuò)誤。10.Itiscausedbytheincreaseofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere→Itiscausedbyanincreaseingreenhousegasesintheatmosphere解析：將“theincreaseof”改為“anincreasein”。五、閱讀理解1.Sustainabledevelopmentisawayofmeetingtheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.解析：可持續(xù)發(fā)展是指在滿足當(dāng)前需求的同時(shí)，不損害未來(lái)一代滿足自身需求的能力。2.Sustainabledevelopmentmeansusingresourcesefficiently,balancingeconomicgrowthwithenvironmentalprotectionandsocialequity.解析：可持續(xù)發(fā)展意味著高效利用資源，平衡經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、環(huán)境保護(hù)和社會(huì)公平。3.Twoexamplesofrenewableenergysourcesaresolarandwindpower.解析：兩個(gè)可再生能源的例子是太陽(yáng)能和風(fēng)能。4.Theconservationofbiodiversityisimportantbecauseitmaintainsthebalanceofnatureandprovidesessentialserviceslikecleanairandwater.解析：生物多樣性的保護(hù)很重要，因?yàn)樗S護(hù)自然平衡，并提供像清潔空氣和水這樣的基本服務(wù)。5.Sustainabledevelopmentcontributestotheprotectionoftheenvironmentbypromotingtheefficientuseofresourcesandreducingpollution.解析：可持續(xù)發(fā)展通過促進(jìn)資源的有效利用和減少污染來(lái)保護(hù)環(huán)境。6.Individualscanpromotesustainabledevelopmentintheirdailylivesbysavingwaterandelectricity,recycling,andusingpublictransportation.解析：個(gè)人可以通過節(jié)約水和電、回收和乘坐公共交通來(lái)在日常生活中促進(jìn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。7.Onewaytoreducewasteistorecycleandreuseproducts.解析：減少浪費(fèi)的一種方法是回收和再利用產(chǎn)品。8.The