Unit3CourageandDignityTextA

TheOldManandtheSeaTextB

JaneEyreBeforeReading

AbouttheAuthorandHisWorksExploretheWriter’sIdeas

UnderstandingtheTextReadingBetweentheLinesExploretheWriter’sTechniquesIncreaseYourLanguageProficiencyFurtherExplorationTextABeforeReadingWriter’sIdeasWriter’sTechniquesLanguageProficiency

FurtherExploration

1.AbouttheAuthorandHisWorksBiographyLiteraryStyles2.AboutTheOldManandtheSeaBasicInformationInterestingFactsBiographyErnestHemingway(1899-1961)anAmericannovelist,short-storywriter,andjournalist,isregardedasoneofthemostfamouswritersofthe20thcentury.Hisdistinctivewritingstyleischaracterizedbyeconomyandunderstatement.Ithasasignificantinfluenceonthedevelopmentofthe20th-centuryfictionwriting.Hisprotagonistsaretypicallystoicmenwhoexhibitanidealdescribedas"graceunderpressure."ManyofhisworksarenowconsideredcanonicalinAmericanliterature.HewasawardedthePulitzerPrizein1953forTheOldManandtheSea,andtheNobelPrizeinLiteraturein1954.1.AbouttheAuthoreconomyn.節(jié)省，簡練understatementn.以退為進(jìn)的陳述；淡化，輕描淡寫B(tài)iographyInterestingFacts:Hemingwaywasdressedasagirlbyhismotherasachild.Becausehismotherwantedtwindaughters,Hemingwaywasoftendressedashissister's"twinsister".Inaway,hismothershapedHemingway'scharacterandmadehiscreationsmorepersonal.Hemingway'scharacterswerevery"masculine".Inhisworks,alwaysmaximizethestrengthandbraveryofmen.HewasoncedressedasagirlbutwontheNobelPrizeforLiteraturewithhistoughguyimage.因為母親想要一對雙胞胎女兒，小時候的海明威常被打扮成姐姐的“雙胞胎妹妹”。某種程度上來說，母親塑造了海明威的性格，讓他的創(chuàng)造更具有個人特色。幼時的經(jīng)歷讓海明威筆下的人物，都非?！澳行曰?。在他的作品中，總是最大程度地體現(xiàn)男人的力量和勇敢。童年被母親扮成女孩，卻用硬漢形象拿下諾貝爾文學(xué)獎。1.AbouttheAuthorBiographyInterestingFacts:Hemingwaywasdressedasagirlbyhismotherasachild.1.AbouttheAuthorBiographyInterestingFacts:Hefoughtintwoworldwars.ErnestHemingwaywasservingasanambulancedriverinItalyduringWWIandhewaswoundedin1918bymortarfire.Despitethis,hehelpedgetsomefellowsoldierstosafety.ForthisiswasawardedtheSilverMedal.Then,later,duringWWII,hetookpartintheD-Dayinvasionwhilecoveringthewarasajournalist.TheUSawardedhimtheBronzeStarforthecouragehedisplayed.海明威在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)期間在意大利擔(dān)任救護(hù)車司機(jī)，并于1918年被迫擊炮擊傷。盡管如此，他還是救助了一些戰(zhàn)友。為此被授予銀牌。然后，后來，在二戰(zhàn)期間，他以記者的身份報道了戰(zhàn)爭，參加了諾曼底登陸。美國授予他銅星勛章，以表彰他表現(xiàn)出的勇氣。1.AbouttheAuthorBiographyInterestingFacts:Hefoughtintwoworldwars.1.AbouttheAuthorPapaHemingwayinCuba:ThismovieisbasedonthetruestoryofEd,ajournalistwhotraveledtoCubain1959tomeethisidol,ErnestHemingway.Hemingwaylivesinseclusion(隱居)onapropertytherewithhiswifeMary.EdmeetsHemingwayandbecomesfriendswithhim,fishing,drinkingandtalking.AlthoughitwasduringtheCubanRevolutionaryWar,Edlearnedalotofphilosophiesfromtheseyearsofhislifeandrealizedthatallheroesarejustordinarypeople.與海明威為鄰BiographyInterestingFacts:Hewasanavid(熱衷的)hunterandfisherman.Hemingwaykilledhisfirstanimal,aporcupine,withtheencouragementofhisfather,whenhewasthreeyearsold.Laterinlife,asanexpertfisherman,in1938hesetaworldrecordbycatchingsevenmarlinsinoneday.HuntingisoneofthemanypersonalpasttimesthatmadeitswayintoHemingway’snovels.海明威三歲時在父親的鼓勵下殺死了他的第一只動物——豪豬。作為一名專業(yè)的漁民，他晚年在1938年創(chuàng)造了一項世界紀(jì)錄，在一天內(nèi)捕獲了七條馬林魚。狩獵是海明威小說中出現(xiàn)的眾多個人過去時光之一。1.AbouttheAuthorBiographyInterestingFacts:Hemingwayoncesurvivedtwoplanecrashesintwodays.In1954,HemingwayandhiswifeMaryWelshwereintheBelgianCongowhentheirfirstplaneforsightseeing,crashed.Shortlyafterward,theygotonanotherplanethatwassupposedtotakethemtoreceivemedicalattention.Itexplodedsoonaftertakingoff.AlthoughHemingwaysurvivedthesecrashesandevengottoreadhisobituary,hewasleftwithnumerousinjuriesthatwouldhaunthimfortherestofhislife.1954年，海明威和他的妻子瑪麗·威爾士在比利時剛果時，他們包租的第一架飛機(jī)墜毀了。不久之后，他們登上了另一架本應(yīng)帶他們?nèi)ソ邮苤委煹娘w機(jī)。它在起飛后不久就爆炸了。盡管海明威在這些災(zāi)禍中幸存下來，甚至閱讀了他的訃告，但他留下了無數(shù)的傷痕，這些傷將困擾他的余生。1.AbouttheAuthorBiographyInterestingFacts:Hemingwaywrotestandingup.ErnestHemingwaywasknowntowritewhilestanding.Heisdescribedasstandingforhoursatatime.Onagoodday,hecouldgothroughseveralpencils.眾所周知，歐內(nèi)斯特·海明威喜歡站著寫作。他往往一次站立數(shù)小時。天氣好的時候，他可以用掉幾支鉛筆。1.AbouttheAuthorBiographyInterestingFacts:Laterinlife,Hemingwaysufferedfromdepression.ThroughouthislifeHemingwaysufferedinjuriesinanumberofaccidents.Hesufferedfrommalaria,skincancerandnumerousotherdiseases.Healsosufferedatleastsixseriousconcussions.Beforehisdeathhewasunabletowrite,feelingasifhe’dlosthislife.Hewastreatedwithelectroshocktherapywhichfurtherimpairedhiswritingabilityandworsenedhisdepression.Atlast,heshothimself.海明威一生在許多事故中受傷。他還患有瘧疾、皮膚癌和許多其他長期和短期疾病。海明威還遭受了至少六次非常嚴(yán)重的腦震蕩。在他去世之前，他無法寫作，感覺自己好像失去了生活的目標(biāo)。他接受了電擊療法的治療，這進(jìn)一步損害了他的寫作能力并惡化了他的抑郁癥。最終他因抑郁自殺而亡。1.AbouttheAuthorBiographyInterestingFacts:ErnestHemingwaywasmarriedfourtimes.Throughouthislife,Hemingwaymarriedandgotdivorcedfrequently.Eachtimehedivorcedhewasremarriedwithinayear.Hemingwaydedicatedabooktoeachofhisfourwives:TheSunAlsoRisestofirstwifeElizabethHadleyRichardson,DeathintheAfternoontosecondwifePaulinePfeiffer,ForWhomtheBellTollstothirdwifeMarthaGellhornandAcrosstheRiverandIntotheTreestohisfinalwife,MaryWelsh.海明威一生中有多段婚姻。每次離婚，他都會在一年內(nèi)再婚。海明威為他的四位妻子每人獻(xiàn)了一本書：《太陽照常升起》獻(xiàn)給第一任妻子伊麗莎白·哈德利·理查森，《午后之死》獻(xiàn)給第二任妻子寶琳·菲佛，《喪鐘為誰而鳴》獻(xiàn)給第三任妻子瑪莎·蓋爾霍恩，《過河入林》獻(xiàn)給他的最后一任妻子瑪麗·威爾士。1.AbouttheAuthorBiographyInterestingFacts:Hemingway'sgranddaughtersandgreat-granddaughterallenteredshowbusiness.1.AbouttheAuthorMargauxHemingway瑪葛·海明威MarielHemingway瑪瑞兒·海明威ErnestHemingway歐內(nèi)斯特·海明威DreeHemingway德莉·海明威DreeHemingway德莉·海明威granddaughtersgreat-granddaughter

MiniBIOBiography1.AbouttheAuthorNovels:TheSunAlsoRises《太陽照常升起》AFarewelltoArms《永別了，武器》ForWhomtheBellTolls《喪鐘為誰而鳴》Novella:TheOldManandtheSea《老人與?！稴hortStoriesCollections:TheSnowsofKilimanjaro《乞力馬扎羅的雪》LiteraryStylesInordertobeasobjectiveandhonestaspossible,Hemingwayhituponthedeviceofdescribingaseriesofactionsbyusingshort,simplesentencesfromwhichallcommentoremotionalrhetorichasbeeneliminated.Thesesentencesarecomposedlargelyofnounsandverbs,havefewadjectivesandadverbs,andrelyonrepetitionandrhythmformuchoftheireffect.Theconciseandconcentratedproseisconcreteandunemotionalyetisoftencapableofconveyinggreatironythroughunderstatement.Hemingway’suseofdialoguewassimilarlyfresh,simple,andnatural-sounding.為了盡可能做到客觀和誠實，海明威采用了使用簡短、簡單的句子來描述一系列行為的手段，從中消除了所有評論或情緒化的修辭。這些句子主要由名詞和動詞組成，幾乎沒有形容詞和副詞，并且大部分效果都依賴于重復(fù)和節(jié)奏。由此產(chǎn)生的簡潔、集中的散文是具體而不帶感情色彩的，但往往能通過輕描淡寫傳達(dá)巨大的諷刺意味。1.AbouttheAuthorLiteraryStyles1.AbouttheAuthorTheIcebergTheory冰山理論“Ifawriterofproseknowsenoughofwhatheiswritingabout,hemayomitthingsthatheknowsandthereader,ifthewriteriswritingtrulyenough,willhaveafeelingofthosethingsasstronglyasthoughthewriterhadstatedthem.”——HemingwayThisiswhyHemingwayinventedtheIcebergTheory,soheleftoutthingsfromhisstories,lettingthereaderfindsomethingsontheirown,therebyforcing(inagoodway)thereaderstobemoreengagedandimmersedinthestory.Writer’sIdeasWriter’sTechniquesLanguageProficiency

FurtherExploration

BeforeReading1.UnderstandingtheTextSettingCharactersPointofViewPlotTheme2.ReadingBetweentheLinesTextualAnalysisKeySentencesPre-Reading1.UnderstandingtheTextInterestingFacts:Hemingwaybasedtheoldmanonablue-eyedmarinernamedGregorioFuentes.ItisbelievedHemingwaymostlikelyusedaspectsofhisfishingbuddywhendevelopingthecharacter.LikeSantiago,Fuenteswasgauntandthin,hadblueeyes,andhadalong,battle-scarredhistoryasafisherman.FuenteswasthecaptainofHemingway’sboatandthetwofrequentlytalkedaboutthenovel.Pre-Reading1.UnderstandingtheTextInterestingFacts:HemingwaybelievedTheOldManandtheSeawashisfinestwork.TheOldManandtheSeamadeErnestHemingwayacelebrity.EvenErnestHemingway’sliteraryrival,WilliamFaulkner,likedTheOldManandtheSea.Astop-motionfilmofTheOldManandtheSeawonanOscar.Pre-Reading1.UnderstandingtheTextA.Prideisapositivecharactertrait.StronglyAgreeAgreeDisagreeStronglyDisagreeCompletethefollowinganticipationguidebychoosingyourlevelofagreementforeachstatement.Discusswithyourpartneraboutthereasonsforyouropinion.B.

Peoplemustmaintaintheirdignityatalltimes.StronglyAgreeAgreeDisagreeStronglyDisagreeSetting(背景)“TheOldManandtheSea”《老人與?！?.UnderstandingtheTextPleasewatchthevideocarefullyandthenanswersomebasicquestionsaboutthisnovelbasedonthevideo.Setting(背景)1.UnderstandingtheText1.Whatistheoldmanisfightingagainst?A.Afish.B.Adolphin.C.Thewaves.D.Thesun.3.Amancanbedestroyed,butnot__.A.destroyed.B.manipulated.C.wasted.D.defeated.2.Whatisthisoldman'sname?A.PedricoB.SantiagoC.ManolinD.MartinChoosethebestanswertoeachquestion.Setting(背景)1.UnderstandingtheTextInthestory,whilehangingontothelineconstantlypulledbythemarlinfish,theoldman'shandsgotcutandveryhurt.

ThestorytookplaceinAmerica.

Inthestory,Santiagofinallykillsthemarlinbyharpoon(用魚叉捕獲)throughtheheart.TTFCubaDecideifthefollowingsentencesareTrue(T)orFalse(F).Characters(角色)1.UnderstandingtheTextSantiago:Heistheheroofthisshortnovel.Heisanoldfishermanofabout80years.Hehasnowifeorchildren.HehasalongfightingwiththegiantMarlin.Heisthemostunluckyfisherman,butthebestforManolin.Marlin:Thelarge-sizeseafishwithextremepower.It’sconsideredtheherowithSantiago.Ittookhimlongtimetocatch.Manolin:Theyoungboyisabout14yearsold.HeislikeasontoSantiago.HeadmiresSantiagoforhehaslearntfromhimeverythingabouttheartoffishing.HejoinedothershipsafterthemisfortuneofSantiago.Plot(情節(jié))1.UnderstandingtheTextWhathappenedinthestory?ThecentralcharacterisanoldCubanfishermannamedSantiago,whohasnotcaughtafishfor84days.Thefamilyofhisapprentice,Manolin,hasforcedtheboytoleavetheoldfisherman,thoughManolincontinuestosupporthimwithfoodandbait.Santiagoisamentortotheboy,whocherishestheoldmanandthelifelessonsheimparts.主角是一位名叫圣地亞哥的古巴老漁夫，他已經(jīng)84天沒有捕到魚了。他的學(xué)徒馬諾林的家人強(qiáng)迫這個男孩離開老漁夫，盡管馬諾林繼續(xù)用食物和誘餌支持他。圣地亞哥是這個男孩的導(dǎo)師，他珍惜老人和他傳授的人生課程。Plot(情節(jié))1.UnderstandingtheTextWhathappenedinthestory?Convincedthathisluckmustchange,SantiagotakeshisskifffaroutintothedeepwatersoftheGulfStream,wherehesoonhooksagiantmarlin.Withallhisgreatexperienceandstrength,hestruggleswiththefishforthreedays,admiringitsstrength,dignity,andfaithfulnesstoitsidentity;itsdestinyisastrueasSantiago’sasafisherman.Hefinallyreelsthemarlininandlashesittohisboat.圣地亞哥深信自己的運(yùn)氣必須改變，于是他駕駛小艇深入墨西哥灣流的深水區(qū)，在那里他很快就釣到了一條巨大的馬林魚。憑借他豐富的經(jīng)驗和力量，他與魚搏斗了三天，欽佩它的力量、尊嚴(yán)和對自己身份的忠誠；它的命運(yùn)就像圣地亞哥作為漁夫的命運(yùn)一樣真實。最后，他把馬林魚卷了進(jìn)去，把它綁在船上。Plot(情節(jié))1.UnderstandingtheTextWhathappenedinthestory?However,Santiago’sexhaustingeffortgoesfornaught.Sharksaredrawntothetetheredmarlin,and,althoughSantiagomanagestokillafew,thesharkseatthefish,leavingbehindonlyitsskeleton.Afterreturningtotheharbor,thediscouragedSantiagogoestohishometosleep.Inthemeantime,othersseetheskeletontiedtohisboatandareamazed.AconcernedManolinisrelievedtofindSantiagoalive,andthetwoagreetogofishingtogether.然而，圣地亞哥的疲憊努力是徒勞的。鯊魚被拴住的馬林魚吸引，盡管圣地亞哥設(shè)法殺死了幾條，但鯊魚吃掉了魚，只留下了它的骨架。回到港口后，灰心喪氣的圣地亞哥回家睡覺。與此同時，其他人看到綁在他的船上的骷髏，感到驚訝。憂心忡忡的馬諾林發(fā)現(xiàn)圣地亞哥還活著，松了一口氣，兩人同意一起去釣魚。Plot(情節(jié))1.UnderstandingtheTextSantiago'sStrugglesSantiago'sAchievementsBasedontheplot,pleasecompareSantiago'sStrugglesandSantiago'sAchievementsbylistingsharedtraitsintheoverlapanduniquetraitsinseparatecirclesonthefollowingdiagram.Plot(情節(jié))1.UnderstandingtheTextSantiago'sStrugglesSantiago'sAchievementsBattlewiththemarlin.Sharksattacking.Returningwiththemast.Catchingthemarlin.Perseverance.&Bothinvolvethesea.Physicalexhaustion.Santiago’srelationshipwiththeseamirrorslife’sstruggles.Heisdependentontheseaforhissustenance(生計),yethemustbattleitforhissurvival.Itistheseathathereliesonandfightswith.Theseaisalsothedestinationofhislife.WhataresomepossiblethemesofTheOldManandtheSea?Pleaseidentifythethemesyouuncoveredafterreading.ThemePossibleanswers:1.Storyofamanwhoundergoesthemostdifficultstruggleofhislife.2.Transformslossintotriumph,andtriumphovercrushingadversityisattheheartofheroism.1.UnderstandingtheTextWhataresomepossiblethemesofTheOldManandtheSea?Pleaseidentifythethemesyouuncoveredafterreading.Theme3.Ittellstheessenceofhumanresilience(毅力)andperseveranceinthefaceofadversity,whicharecrucialforindividuals,communities,andhumansocietyatlarge.1.UnderstandingtheTextThemeHumanresilienceandperseverance：Firstly,humanresiliencehasprofoundimplicationsforindividuals.Itremindsusthatnomatterhowdifficultourcircumstancesmaybe,wealwayshavethepowertopersevereandemergestronger.Inthefaceofadversity,wemustuseourinnerstrengthandresilience,findingthecourageanddeterminationtopushthroughthetoughestchallenges.Thisdoesnotmeanthatwewillalwayssucceedinachievingourgoals,butwewillneverbetrulydefeatedifwemaintainourspiritandwilltofight.人類的韌性對個人有著深遠(yuǎn)的影響。它提醒我們，無論我們所處的環(huán)境多么艱難，我們總有力量堅持下去，變得更加強(qiáng)大。面對逆境，我們必須利用自己的內(nèi)在力量和韌性，鼓起勇氣和決心，克服最嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)。這并不意味著我們總能成功實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，但只要我們保持精神和斗志，就永遠(yuǎn)不會被真正打敗。1.UnderstandingtheTextThemeHumanresilienceandperseverance：Secondly,resilienceandperseveranceholdssignificanceforcommunitiesandsociety.Individualscaninspireandmotivateotherstodothesame.Thiscreatesacultureofresilienceandperseverancethatcantransformentirecommunitiesandsocieties.Intimesofcrisisanddifficulty,communitiesthatembracethisresiliencearemorelikelytoovercomeadversityandemergestrongerandmoreunited.其次，韌性和毅力對集體和整個社會都具有重要意義。個體的出現(xiàn)能夠鼓舞和激勵其他人也這樣做。這就形成了一種能夠改變整個集體和社會的韌性和毅力文化。在危機(jī)和困難時期，擁有這種韌性的集體更有可能戰(zhàn)勝逆境，變得更加強(qiáng)大和團(tuán)結(jié)。1.UnderstandingtheText2.ReadingBetweentheLinesTextualAnalysisReadingactivity1.Howlongdidittakethesharkstoarriveandattackthemarlin?Ittookonehourforthefirstsharktoarriveandattackthemarlin.Pleasereadthe

wholeselectedpartquicklyandanswerthefollowingquestions:2.Whydidthesharksfollowtheoldman’straces?Thesharksfollowedtheoldmanbecausetheywereattractedtothebloodofthegiantmarlinthathehadhooked.2.ReadingBetweentheLinesTextualAnalysisReadingactivity3.Whatwastheoldman’sphysicalcondition?Theoldmanwasweakandhehadfewthingstoeat.Inaddition,therewassomepaininhisbody.Pleasereadthe

wholeselectedpartquicklyandanswerthefollowingquestions:2.ReadingBetweentheLinesTextualAnalysisReadingactivity4.Whatistheoldman’sattitudetowardthemarlin?Theoldmanshowsdeeprespectandsympathytowardthemarlinhehashooked.Headmiresthemarlin’sbeautyandstrength,andseesitasaworthyadversary(對手),evenreferringtoitashis“brother”atsomepoint.PleasereadParas16-24,andanswerthefollowingquestion:5.Whatistheoldman’sattitudetowardtheshark?Incontrast,heperceivesthesharksthatattackhiscaughtmarlinasmindlesskillersandfightsagainstthemtoprotect.PleasereadParas51-54,andanswerthefollowingquestion:2.ReadingBetweentheLinesTextualAnalysisReadingactivityPleasereadPara54,andanswerthefollowingquestions:7.“Amancanbedestroyedbutnotdefeated,”saystheoldmanafterthefirstsharkattack.Howdoyouinterpretthissentence?Nomatterhowroughandbitterlifeis,weshouldfaceitbravely.Thoughwemaybebeatenbylife,weshouldneverlosehopeandheart.6.Whatdoesthelastparagraphshows?A.Hopeforfuture.B.Seizethetime.C.Graceunderpressure.D.Cherishyourlife.

2.ReadingBetweentheLinesKeySentencesPara4Itwashigherthanabigscythebladeandaverypalelavenderabovethedarkbluewater.Itrakedbackandasthefishswamjustbelowthesurfacetheoldmancouldseehishugebulkandthepurplestripesthatbandedhim.Hisdorsalfinwasdownandhishugepectoralswerespreadwide.

Vocabularyscythen.長柄大鐮刀lavendern.淡紫色rakev.滑過bulkn.體積dorsaladj.背部的pectoralsn.胸肌

Sentence:Translation:它的尾巴比一個大縑刀還高聳，在那深藍(lán)色的水中，呈現(xiàn)淡淡的紫色。然后它又往后倒了下去，魚就在水面上游著，老人可以看見它龐大的身軀和裹在它的身上的紫色條紋。它的背鰭下垂，龐大的胸鰭向外展開著。2.ReadingBetweentheLinesKeySentencesPara17Youarekillingme,fish,theoldmanthought.Butyouhavearightto.NeverhaveIseenagreater,ormorebeautiful,oracalmerormorenoblethingthanyou,brother.Comeonandkillme.Idonotcarewhokillswho.

ExpressionNeverhaveI...

我從來沒有過…

Sentence:Translation:你簡直整死我了，魚啊，老人想，不過你是有這個權(quán)力。我從來沒有見過比你更雄壯、更漂亮、或更鎮(zhèn)靜、更高貴的事物了，兄弟，來吧!來殺我好了。我不在乎誰殺誰。2.ReadingBetweentheLinesKeySentencesPara25Hetookallhispainandwhatwasleftofhisstrengthandhislonggoneprideandheputitagainstthefish'sagonyandthefishcameoverontohissideandswamgentlyonhisside,hisbillalmosttouchingtheplankingoftheskiffandstartedtopasstheboat,long,deep,wide,silverandbarredwithpurpleandinterminableinthewater.

Expressionagonyn.劇痛，創(chuàng)痛plankingn.鋪板；板材skiffn.（尤指單人的）小劃艇；小帆船interminableadj.無休止的；沒完沒了的

Sentence:Translation:他忍住所有痛苦，使盡僅存的力量和長久來已消磨殆盡的驕傲，來和這條魚的痛苦相互抗衡，終于被他拉近船邊，慢慢游向他身邊，魚的尖嘴幾乎碰到船板。它開始靠著船邊游，它的身影長長的、又深又寬，銀色的身軀外裹著紫色的條紋，無止盡地在水中游動。2.ReadingBetweentheLinesKeySentencesPara26Theoldmandroppedthelineandputhisfootonitandliftedtheharpoonashighashecouldanddroveitdownwithallhisstrength,andmorestrengthhehadjustsummoned,intothefish'ssidejustbehindthegreatchestfinthatrosehighintheairtothealtitudeoftheman'schest.Hefelttheirongoinandheleanedonitanddroveitfurtherandthenpushedallhisweightafterit.

Expressionsummonv.使出（力氣）altituden.海拔高度；高地leanon施加壓力；倚靠

Sentence:Translation:老人把繩線放下來，用腳踩住，盡量舉高魚叉，然后使出所有力量。加上剛才力求振作所凝聚的奮起之力，刺向魚的身側(cè)，剛好刺在那巨大的胸鰭的后肪，胸鰭高高地聳立在空中，有老人胸部那么高。他知道魚叉的鐵頭已經(jīng)射進(jìn)去了，然后他把全身重量壓在上面，把魚叉再里推去。2.ReadingBetweentheLinesKeySentencesPara54"Butmanisnotmadefordefeat,"hesaid."Amancanbedestroyedbutnotdefeated."IamsorrythatIkilledthefishthough,hethought.NowthebadtimeiscomingandIdonotevenhavetheharpoon.Thedentusoiscruelandableandstrongandintelligent.

Vocabularydefeatv.擊敗，戰(zhàn)勝harpoonn.（捕鯨的）魚叉，魚鏢dentuson.（西班牙語）意為“牙齒鋒利的”，這是當(dāng)?shù)貙疵偷幕姻L鯊的俗稱

Sentence:Translation:可是人不能認(rèn)輸，人可以毀滅，但不能屈服。真不該宰掉這條大魚的，現(xiàn)在難關(guān)就在眼前，我連魚叉都沒有?！把览怼庇趾荩帜?，又壯，又精。1.Symbolism2.IronyWriter’sIdeasWriter’sTechniquesLanguageProficiency

FurtherExploration

BeforeReadingSymbolism（象征）WhichofthefollowingisNOTasymbolofafish?A.Thepowerofnature.B.Yourgoalinlife.C.Deathandloss.D.Humanambitionanddream.Symbolism:theuseofsymbolsinaliterarywork.Symbol:representssomethingbeyondliteralmeaning.Irony（諷刺）WhatisironicabouttheresolutionofTheOldManandtheSea?A.Santiagocatchesandkillsthefish,butheisleftwithlittletonothingofthefish.B.Santiagocatchesandkillsthefish,buthelearnsnothingmeaningfulfromtheexperience.C.SantiagothinksfondlyofandmissesManolin,buttheboydoesn’t'tcareaboutSantiago.D.Santiagothinksthatthepeopleofhistownmissedhim,butnooneevenlookedforhim.Irony:Recognitionofarealitydifferentfromappearance.Writer’sIdeasWriter’sTechniquesLanguageProficiency

FurtherExploration

BeforeReading1.WordsandExpressions2.VocabularyExercisesWordsandExpressionslavender/?l?v?nd?r/n.淡紫色rake/re?k/v.滑過bulk/b?lk/[CET4]n.體積stripe/stra?p/[CET4]n.條紋，線條dorsal/?d??rsl/adj.背部的pectoral/?pekt?r?l/n.胸肌attach/??t?t?/[CET4]v.系上，貼上；附上（附件）eel/i?l/n.鰻魚placid/?pl?s?d/adj.平靜的；溫和的；沉著的rig/r?ɡ/[CET6]v.裝配WordsandExpressionscoil/k??l/[CET4]n.（繩索、金屬線等的）圈，卷，盤straighten/?stre?tn/[CET4]v.挺直身子，端正（身體）holdon緊握住；等待；堅持accomplish/??kɑ?mpl??/[CET4]v.完成，實現(xiàn)noble/?no?b(?)l/[CET4]adj.高尚的；卓越的confused/k?n?fju?zd/[CET4]adj.頭腦不清的mushy/?m??i/adj.濕軟的skiff/sk?f/n.（尤指單人的）小劃艇，小帆船interminable/?n?t??rm?n?b(?)l/adj.無休止的；沒完沒了的summon/?s?m?n/[CET6]v.召喚；召集；振作WordsandExpressionsfaint/fe?nt/[CET4]adj.模糊的；虛弱的，頭暈?zāi)垦５膕haft/??ft/[CET6]n.（工具或武器的）桿，柄shoal/?o?l/n.魚群float/fl??t/[CET4]v.（使）漂浮，（使）浮動noose/nu?s/n.繩套swamp/swɑ?mp/[CET6]v.使不堪忍受；使疲于應(yīng)付mast/m?st/n.桅桿fortune/?f??rt??n/[CET4]n.好運(yùn)，機(jī)遇；財富，巨款splice/spla?s/n.捻接，絞接（兩段繩子）wallow/?w?l??/v.打滾；沉迷WordsandExpressionsperiscope/?per?sko?p/n.潛望鏡bow/ba?/[CET4]n.船上的帆桁pinch/p?nt?/[CET4]v.捏，擰，掐tiller/?t?l?r/n.（小船的）船柄crisp/kr?sp/[CET6]v.使變脆dentuso（西班牙語）意“牙齒鋒利的”，這是當(dāng)?shù)貙^(qū)猛的灰鯨鯊的俗稱ram/r?m/v.塞進(jìn)；擠進(jìn)mutilate/?mju?t?le?t/v.嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞；毀壞VocabularyExercises1.Thewoodwill_______ifyoudropitinthewater.2.Hewasanuprightand_______manwhowasalwayswillingtohelpothers.3.Ittookherafullmonthto_______thecouragetotellhermother.4.Asurveyshowedpeoplewere_______aboutwhattheyshouldeattostayhealthy.5.Thethreemen__________andstoodwaiting.Listedintheboxbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthetext.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththem.Changetheformwherenecessary.float?summonstraightenedstripepinchedattachfaintconfusedmushyplacidrakenoblefloatwallowholdonfortunenobleconfusedstraightenedsummonVocabularyExercises6.Hemadehis_______incarsales.7.They_______greatimportancetotheproject.8.Hewasstrugglingto_______toarockonthefaceofthecliff.9.Thehotweathermadehimfeel_______.10.She_______hisarmashardasshecould.Listedintheboxbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthetext.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththem.Changetheformwherenecessary.fortune?summonstraightenedstripepinchedattachfaintconfusedmushyplacidrakenoblefloatwallowholdonfortuneattachfaintpinchedholdonFriendshipwithF.ScottFitzgeraldTheGreatFriendshipIn

1925,HemingwaymetFitzgeraldjustashewaspublishingTheGreatGatsby.AtthistimeHemingwaywasnotfamous.ItwasFitzgeraldwhohelpedhimreviseandrecommendhiswork.Fitzgerald'sgreatinfluenceandguidanceinliteraturewasimportantincontributingtoHemingway'slatersuccess.Theymadeadeepfriendship.ErnestHemingway&F.ScottFitzgeraldTheGreatFriendshipAfterthepublicationofTheSunAlsoRises,Hemingwaydivorcedhisfirstwife,marriedhiswealthysecondwife,Pauline,andthecouplelivedinabeachhousegiventothembyhiswife'suncle.AtthisperiodHemingwaybecamearisingstarintheliteraryworld.ErnestHemingway&F.ScottFitzgeraldTheGreatFriendshipFitzgerald,ontheotherhand,hadtowritetomakeendsmeetbecauseofhislavishlifestyleandhiswife'sillness.Withthemonetaryfreedomaffordedhimbyhissecondwife'swealth,HemingwayhadreasontodespiseFitzgerald'smagazinecontributions,nottomentionthefactthathewasforcedtogotoHollywoodtowritescreenplays.HealsocriticizedFitzgerald'swifeforholdingbackherhusband'swritingfuture.ErnestHemingway&F.ScottFitzgeraldIn1920,FitzgeraldmarriedZelda,andtheybecameiconsoftheera'slavishlifestyle.TheGreatFriendshipIn1936,Fitzgeraldgotlungdiseaseandhestillneededtotakecareofhiswifeanddaughter,makingitalmostimpossibleforhimtowrite,andhewasonthevergeofanervousbreakdown,drinkingheavilyalldaylong.Inhislastdays,hewasdownandout,nooneaskedforhelp.Hemingway,ontheotherhand,becamesimilaryetthirtyyearslater.Hemingway‘sfinalyearswereplagued(困擾，折磨)bythesamethingshehadpreviouslyblamedFitzgeraldfor:alcohol,mentalillness,andaquietlyfadingself-worth.ThushefinallyunderstoodFitzgerald.ErnestHemingway&F.ScottFitzgeraldTheGreatGatsbyTheAmericanDreamTheAmericandreamistheideathatnomatteraperson’sbackground,everyonecanachievetheirgoalsthroughhardworkanddetermination.InTheGreatGatsby,Gatsby’sdreamistoonedaybewithDaisy.Duetohersocialclass,Gatsbyisforcedtomakeadrastic(極端的)decisionstoreachalevelofprosperitywherehecancaptureDaisy'saffections.TextBBeforeReading

AbouttheAuthorandHerWorkExploretheWriter’sIdeas

UnderstandingtheTextIncreaseYourLanguageProficiencyFurtherExplorationBiographyCharlotteBronte(1816-1855)anEnglishwriter,isnotedforhernovelJaneEyre(1847).SheisthesisterofAnneBronteandEmilyBronte.Thethreesistersarealmostasfamousfortheirshort,tragiclivesasfortheirnovels.Inthepastyears,CharlotteBronte'sreputationhasrisenrapidly,andfeministcriticismhasdonemuchtoshowthatshewasspeakingupforoppressedwomenofeveryage.1.AbouttheAuthorreputation[CET4]n.名譽(yù)，名聲oppressed[CET6]adj.受壓制的，受壓迫的BiographyJaneEyrenovelbyCharlotteBront?,firstpublishedin1847asJaneEyre:AnAutobiography,withCurrerBell(Bront?’spseudonym)listedastheeditor.Widelyconsideredaclassic,itgavenewtruthfulnesstotheVictoriannovelwithitsrealisticportrayaloftheinnerlifeofawoman,notingherstruggleswithhernaturaldesiresandsocialcondition.2.AbouttheWorkTextualAnalysisReadingactivity1.Whatwas