SectionB

HeavyBody,NotHeavyHeart

1/78ReadingMoreTextBExercises

Words&ExpressionsCONTENTSQuestionsPreview2/78Previewthefollowingquestionsbeforereadingthetext.

Whatdoyouthinkofpeoplewhoareoverweight?Ifyouwereoverweight,howwouldyouliveyourlife?Areyouinaweight-obsessedculture?Whyorwhynot?Whatdopeoplearoundyouthinkofbeingoverweight?QuestionsPreview3/78Words&ExpressionsTextB

ReadingMore4/78

InpicturesfromcollegeIwasthin.Iworkedfulltime,wenttoschoolfulltime,smoked,andlivedofffastfoodandsoftdrinks.FriendssaythatIdon’tlooklikemyselfinthosepictures.Ilookedill,sad,andunhealthy.

Para.1HeavyBody,NotHeavyHeartTextBChinese5/78

Now,ataweightconsideredtobedangerouslyhighbymedicalcharts,Ilivebetterthanever.Ihavegivenupsmoking,andIeatalotofvegetables;Ienjoywalking,swimminganddancingclasses.IexerciseandeatwellbecauseIloveliving,notbecauseIwanttoloseweight.MydoctortellsmeIamhealthy,andthisismuchmoreimportantthanbeingthin.Studiesshowthatoverweightpeoplewhoexercisehavealowerdeathratethan“normal”weightpeoplewhodonot.Para.2TextBChinese6/78

Negativeattitudestowardfatpeoplebegininchildhood.Onestudyshowedthat,asearlyasnurseryschool,childrenlikedpicturesofdisabledchildrenofsimilaragesbetterthanthoseoffatchildren.Similarly,astudyofcollegestudentssaidtheywouldrathermarryadruguser,athief,orablindpersonthansomeonewhowasfat.Theseattitudescreatediscriminationthataffectsfatpeopleineveryaspectoftheirlives,includingmoneymatters.Infact,overweight,whitewomenusuallyearnlessthanthin,whitewomen—24percentless,accordingtoonestudy.Para.3TextBChinese7/78

Peopleoftenjustifytheirjudgmentsaboutfatpeoplebysayingthatpeoplechoosetobefat.Choose?Whowouldchooselifeasafatpersoninthisweight-obsessedculture?Therearemanyfalseideasaboutfatpeopleinsociety:thatallfatpeoplehaveeatingdisordersoremotionalormentalissues;thatiftheyreallywantedtoloseweighttheycould.Para.4TextBChinese8/78

Inreality,however,somepeoplearenaturallyfat.Howapersonisbornissimplyscience,notacommentonsomeone’scharacter.TheCenterforDiseaseControlreportsthat78percentofAmericanwomenaretryinghardtoloseweight,andatanamazingfailure

rate—95percentgetbackwhatthey’velostwithintwotofiveyears.Theoften-heardcommentof“youhavesuchaprettyface”doesnotpleasemebecauseofallthat’snotsaid:“Ifyou’djustlosetheweightyou’dbebeautiful.”Beautyisataughtconceptandtheculturalstandardsforbeautychangeconstantly.Para.5&6TextBChinese9/78

Laterinlife,Iwashappytolearnthatsomecultureshaveverydifferentstandardsofbeauty.WhileIwasvisitingtheBritishVirginIslands,alocalmaninvitedmetobeinapicturewithhimonthebeach.Iasked,“Whyme?Therearewomenwholooklikemodelshere.”“Bonesarefordogs,”hesaidwithasmile.“Meatisformen.”P(pán)ara.7&8TextBChinese10/78Meaning:

Althoughweareoverweight,wearehealthyandhappy.1HeavyBody,NotHeavyHeartMeaningoftheSentences11/78Meaning:

Ihadafull-timejobandthenstudiedasafull-timestudent;Ismokedandhadfastfoodandsoftdrinksalmostallthetime.2Iworkedfulltime,wenttoschoolfulltime,smoked,andlivedofffastfoodandsoftdrinks.MeaningoftheSentences12/78Meaning:

NowI’mconsideredtobesofatthatImaybeindangerofhavinghealthproblemsaccordingtostandardsforgoodhealth.However,nowmylifeisbetterthananyothertimeinthepast.3Now,ataweightconsideredtobedangerouslyhighbymedicalcharts,Ilivebetterthanever.MeaningoftheSentences13/78Meaning:

...Igetpleasurefromwalking,swimminganddancingclasses.4...Ienjoywalking,swimminganddancingclasses.MeaningoftheSentences14/78Meaning:

MydoctortellsmethatIamquitehealthy,andahealthybodyhasagreatervaluethanathinbody.5MydoctortellsmeIamhealthy,andthisismuchmoreimportantthanbeingthin.MeaningoftheSentences15/78Meaning:

Studiesshowthereareasmallerpercentageofdeathsforfatpeoplewhoexercisethanforpeoplewhoareofstandardweightbutdonotexercise.6Studiesshowthatoverweightpeoplewhoexercisehavealowerdeathratethan“normal”weightpeoplewhodonot.MeaningoftheSentences16/78Meaning:

Whenoneisachild,he/shebeginstodislikefatpeopleandthinkthattheyarenotgoodinsomeway.

7Negativeattitudestowardfatpeoplebegininchildhood.MeaningoftheSentences17/78Meaning:

Onestudyshowedthatevenveryyoungchildrenpreferpicturesofdisabledchildrenoftheirownagetothosepicturesoffatchildren.8Onestudyshowedthat,asearlyasnurseryschool,childrenlikedpicturesofdisabledchildrenofsimilaragesbetterthanthoseoffatchildren.MeaningoftheSentences18/78Meaning:

Inthesameway,astudyofcollegestudentsfoundthattheymightmarryadruguser,athief,orapersonwhowasunabletosee,iftheyhadto,ratherthanmarryafatperson.9Similarly,astudyofcollegestudentssaidtheywouldrathermarryadruguser,athief,orablindpersonthansomeonewhowasfat.MeaningoftheSentences19/78Meaning:

Theseattitudesleadtounfairtreatmentthatinfluencesfatpeople’slivesineveryway,includingthingsrelatedtomoney.

10Theseattitudescreatediscriminationthataffectsfatpeopleineveryaspectoftheirlives,includingmoneymatters.MeaningoftheSentences20/78Meaning:

Peopleoftensaytheyhavegoodreasonstohavenegativeattitudestowardfatpeople,thatis,fatpeopledecidetobefatthemselves.11Peopleoftenjustifytheirjudgmentsaboutfatpeoplebysayingthatpeoplechoosetobefat.MeaningoftheSentences21/78Meaning:

Howcoulditbethatpeoplechoosetobefat?

12Choose?MeaningoftheSentences22/78Meaning:

Noonewoulddecidetoliveasafatpersoninaculturewherepeoplepaysomuchattentiontoweight.13Whowouldchooselifeasafatpersoninthisweight-obsessedculture?MeaningoftheSentences23/78Meaning:

Peoplehavemanyincorrectideasaboutfatpeopleinsociety.Theybelievethatallfatpeoplehavebadeatinghabitsorsufferfromemotionalormentalproblemsandthattheydon’treallywanttoloseweight.14Therearemanyfalseideasaboutfatpeopleinsociety:thatallfatpeoplehaveeatingdisordersoremotionalormentalissues;thatiftheyreallywantedtoloseweighttheycould.MeaningoftheSentences24/78Meaning:Butinfact,somepeoplewereborntobefat.15Inreality,however,somepeoplearenaturallyfat.MeaningoftheSentences25/78Meaning:Howapersonisborntolooklikeissimplyamatterofscienceandcan’tbeabasisforjudgingone’squalities.16Howapersonisbornissimplyscience,notacommentonsomeone’scharacter.MeaningoftheSentences26/78Meaning:

TheCenterforDiseaseControlreportsthat78percentofAmericanwomenaremakinggreateffortstoloseweight,butanamazinglygreatnumberofthemareunsuccessful—95percenthavethesameweightastheydidtwotofiveyearsago,whentheystartedtryingtoloseweight.17TheCenterforDiseaseControlreportsthat78percentofAmericanwomenaretryinghardtoloseweight,andatanamazingfailurerate—95percentgetbackwhatthey’velostwithintwotofiveyears.MeaningoftheSentences27/78Meaning:

Ifyouwerenotsofatyouwouldbebeautiful.18Ifyou’djustlosetheweightyou’dbebeautiful.MeaningoftheSentences28/78Meaning:

One’sideaaboutwhatisbeautifulissomethingonelearns,ratherthansomethingheorsheisbornwith.Besides,peoplealwayschangetheirculturalideasaboutwhatisbeautiful.19Beautyisataughtconceptandtheculturalstandardsforbeautychangeconstantly.MeaningoftheSentences29/78Meaning:

WhenIwasvisitingtheBritishVirginIslands,amanwholivesthereaskedmetotakeapicturewithhimbythesea.

20WhileIwasvisitingtheBritishVirginIslands,alocalmaninvitedmetobeinapicturewithhimonthebeach.MeaningoftheSentences30/78Meaning:

Iasked,“Whydidyouchoosemetobeinapicturewithyou?Therearewomenwhohaveverybeautifulbodyshapes.”21Iasked,“Whyme?Therearewomenwholooklikemodelshere.”MeaningoftheSentences31/78Meaning:“Dogslikeeatingbones,”hesaidwithasmile.“Menlikeeatingmeat.”

22“Bonesarefordogs,”hesaidwithasmile.“Meatisformen.”MeaningoftheSentences32/78NewWordsWords&Expressions

medical

normal

blind

judgment

rate

childhoodjustifyfalsenaturallydisordercommentcontrolfailurebeautymodel33/78ExpressionsWords&Expressions

liveoff

asearlyas

wouldrather

inreality

tryhardtodo(something)

atarate

enjoy(doing)

34/78Exercisesmedical

adj.醫(yī)學(xué)；醫(yī)術(shù)e.g.Doyoufindithardtokeepupwithmedicaldevelopments?你有沒(méi)有以為極難跟上醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)展步伐？每個(gè)人都有權(quán)查看自己醫(yī)療統(tǒng)計(jì)。

Everyonehasarighttocheckhisorhermedicalrecords.NewWordsNewWords35/78

rate

n.【1】aquantitysuchasvalue,cost,orspeed,measuredbyitsrelationtosomeotheramount

比率；率

e.g.

Thegovernmentwillcutinterestratesnextmonth.

政府將從下月開(kāi)始降低利率。

【2】achargeorpaymentfixedaccordingtoastandardscale

費(fèi)用；價(jià)格

e.g.Hotelsaskfordoubleroomrates,evenifonlyonepersonislivinginthiskindofroom.這種房間即使一個(gè)人住，賓館也收雙人費(fèi)用。ExercisesNewWordsNewWords36/78Exercises

rate2.這家新企業(yè)今年已花費(fèi)了大量廣告費(fèi)。

Thenewcompanyhaspaidalotfortheadvertisingratesthisyear.

1.過(guò)去幾個(gè)月我們已成功地提升了生產(chǎn)率。

Wehavesucceededinspeedingupourproductionratesinthelastfewmonths.NewWordsNewWords37/78Exercisesnormal

adj.正常；日常；平均e.g.Theunhappyfeelingisnormalinlife.

生活中有不高興時(shí)候，那是很日常。一個(gè)人生氣是正常，但我們不能讓?xiě)嵑蘅刂屏俗约骸?/p>

It’snormaltofeelangry,butweshouldn’tletangercontrolus.NewWordsNewWords38/78Exerciseschildhood

n.童年；兒童時(shí)代e.g.Thatsongmakesmethinkofmychildhood.那首歌讓我回想起我童年。他走路不便，那是童年時(shí)生病落下后遺癥。

Hisdifficultyinwalkingistheresultofachildhoodillness.NewWordsNewWords39/78

blind

adj.【1】unabletosee瞎；失明.

e.g.

Hebecameblindbecauseofachildhoodillness.

童年時(shí)一場(chǎng)病之后他失明了?！?】withoutthought,judgment,orreason盲目標(biāo)

e.g.Peoplealwaysputblindfaithinthecomputer.

人們總是盲目相信計(jì)算機(jī)。v.makeunabletosee,eitherforatimeorforever使（暫時(shí)或永久）失明e.g.Shesawhimleaving,tearsblindinghereyes.她目送他離去，淚水含糊了她雙眼。

ExercisesNewWordsNewWords40/78Exercises

blind2.

愛(ài)情有時(shí)是盲目標(biāo)。

Loveissometimesblind.

1.

含有視覺(jué)和聽(tīng)覺(jué)能力機(jī)器會(huì)給盲人生活提供方便。

Machinesthatcanseeandhearwillmakelifeeasierfortheblind.NewWords3.

他一只眼被弄瞎了。

Hewasblindedinoneeye.NewWords41/78Exercisesjustify

v.證實(shí)······有理；為······辯護(hù)e.g.Howcanyoujustifyyourabsencefromthemeeting?

你對(duì)缺席會(huì)議做何解釋?zhuān)吭撜n題方面支出是否真值得，現(xiàn)在還難說(shuō)。

It’squestionablewhetherthemoneyspentonthisprojectisreallyjustified.NewWordsNewWords42/78

judgmentn.【1】anopinion評(píng)價(jià)；看法；意見(jiàn)

e.g.What,inyourjudgment,isthebestcourseofaction?依你看，采取什么樣行動(dòng)最好呢？

【2】actionorprocessofjudging判斷；斷定

e.g.It’seasiertopassjudgmentlookingbackatthepast.以史為鑒，做判斷就輕易多了。NewWordsExercisesNewWords43/78Exercises

judgment2.

車(chē)禍主要原因幾乎總是和駕駛員駕車(chē)技術(shù)或臨場(chǎng)判斷相關(guān)。

Themaincauseofaroadaccidentalmostalwayshassomethingtodowiththedriver’sdrivingskillsorjudgments.

1.

你必須獨(dú)立思索，不要依賴(lài)他人看法或意見(jiàn)。

Youmustthinkbyyourself;donotdependonothers’opinionsorjudgments.NewWordsNewWords44/78

falseadj.【1】nottrueorcorrect不正確；錯(cuò)誤

e.g.Manypeoplehavebeencheatedbymeanpeoplewithfalsenamecards.許多人都有過(guò)被壞人利用假名片坑騙遭遇。

【2】notreal不真實(shí)；假

e.g.Herteetharefalse,buttheylookverynatural.她牙齒是假，但看上去像真一樣。NewWordsExercisesNewWords45/78Exercises

false2.

寧愿有公開(kāi)敵人，也不愿有虛情假意朋友。

Betteranopenenemythanafalsefriend.

1.

許多人都有過(guò)被壞人利用假名片坑騙遭遇。

Manypeoplehavebeencheatedbymeanpeoplewithfalsenamecards.NewWordsNewWords46/78

disordern.【1】

(a)failureofpartofthebody(ormind)toworkproperly

（身體、精神）失調(diào)；紊亂；小?。徊贿m

e.g.Eatingthewrongfoodscancauseastomachdisorder.飲食不妥會(huì)引發(fā)胃病。

【2】

lackoforder;confusion混亂；無(wú)秩序；雜亂；凌亂

e.g.Theofficewasinastateofdisorder—shecouldn’tfindathingshelookedfor.辦公室凌亂不堪，她找不到要找東西。NewWordsExercisesNewWords47/78Exercises

disorder2.

你假如能保持良好飲食習(xí)慣，就能擁有健

康身體。

Youcankeepyourselfhealthyifyouarefreefromeatingdisorders.

1.

壓力太大可能會(huì)誘發(fā)精神病。

Toomuchpressuremaycausementaldisorder.NewWordsNewWords48/78

naturallyn.【1】bynature;asanaturalquality生來(lái)；天然地

e.g.Herdaughterisnaturallyabeauty.她女兒天生是個(gè)美人。

【2】lackoforder;confusion混亂；無(wú)秩序；雜亂；凌亂

e.g.Afterthelecture,thestudentswillnaturallyaskyouquestions.演講完后，學(xué)生們自然會(huì)問(wèn)你一些問(wèn)題。NewWordsExercisesNewWords49/78Exercises

naturally2.

那位老人75歲時(shí)壽終正寢。

Theoldmandiednaturallyat75.

1.

這個(gè)小女孩生來(lái)就害羞。

Thelittlegirlwasnaturallyshy.NewWordsNewWords50/78

commentn.

(a)writtenorspokenopinion,explanation,orjudgmentmadeaboutanevent,person,situation,etc.評(píng)論；評(píng)語(yǔ)；評(píng)注

e.g.Whatareyourcommentsonoldpeoplelivingalone?

你對(duì)老人們單獨(dú)生活怎樣對(duì)待？v.

makeacomment;giveanopinion評(píng)論；發(fā)表意見(jiàn)

e.g.Thebosscommentedthatourplanwastooexpensive.

老板發(fā)表意見(jiàn)說(shuō)，我們計(jì)劃費(fèi)用太高。ExercisesNewWordsNewWords51/78Exercises

comment2.有些學(xué)生對(duì)老師衣著打扮做了一番評(píng)論。

Someofthestudentscommentedabouttheirteacher’sclothes.

1.

請(qǐng)就我們正在討論主題提出問(wèn)題并發(fā)表意見(jiàn)。

Pleaselimityourquestionsandcommentstothetopicwearediscussing.NewWordsNewWords52/78

controln.

thepowertocommand,influence,ordirect控制；管理；抑制

e.g.Somecollegestudentshavenocontrolofthemselves.一些大學(xué)生不能自制。v.

haveadirectinfluenceover;fixorlimittheamount,degree,orrateof;havepowerover;rule控制；管理；管轄

e.g.Thebraincontrolstherestofthebody.大腦控制著身體其它部位。ExercisesNewWordsNewWords53/78Exercises

2.

這家企業(yè)掌握著該行業(yè)77%業(yè)務(wù)。

Thiscompanycontrols77%percentofthetrade.

1.

政府嚴(yán)格控制價(jià)格。

Thegovernmenthasstrictcontrolonprices.NewWords

control3.

女孩再也無(wú)法控制自己感情，哭了起來(lái)。

Thegirlcouldn’tcontrolherselfanylongerandstartedtocry.NewWords54/78

failuren.【1】lackofsuccess;actoffailing失??；不成功

e.g.Sometimesfailureisaturningpointinone’slife.失敗有時(shí)會(huì)成為人生轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。

【2】aperson,attempt,orthingthatfails失敗人（事或企圖等）

e.g.Severalfailuresdon’tmeantheworldiscomingtoanend.幾次失敗并不代表世界末日降臨了。NewWordsExercisesNewWords55/78Exercises

failure2.在眾多失敗者中，他以為自己是成功人士。

Hefelthimselftobeasuccessfulmanamongalotoffailures.

1.

考試不及格只能怪你自己。

You’vegotonlyyourselftothankforthefailureinthetest.NewWordsNewWords56/78

beautyn.【1】thequalitiesinsomeoneorsomethingthatgivepleasuretothesensesorliftupthemindorspirit美；漂亮；漂亮

e.g.Whichdoyouthinkismoreimportant,thebeautyoffaceorthequalitiesofcharacter?你認(rèn)為哪個(gè)更主要，是漂亮臉蛋還是性格品質(zhì)？

【2】someone(usuallyfemale)orsomethingbeautiful美人；美好事物

e.g.Shewillgrowuptobeabeauty.她長(zhǎng)大后必定會(huì)漂亮。NewWordsExercisesNewWords57/78Exercises

beauty2.

我們游玩過(guò)那個(gè)公園真是漂亮極了。

Theparkwevisitedwasabeauty.

1.

大海漂亮使我們興奮不已。

Thebeautyoftheseaexcitedus.NewWordsNewWords58/78

modeln.【1】apersonemployedtomodelclothes;apersonemployedtobepaintedbyapainterorphotographedbyaphotographer（服裝）模特；（繪畫(huà)或攝影）模特

e.g.Thecompanyhassignedthreetopmodelsforthefashionshow.企業(yè)已簽約三位頂級(jí)模特出場(chǎng)進(jìn)行時(shí)裝演出。

【2】apersonorthingthatisaperfectexampletobefollowedorcopied模范；典范；好榜樣

e.g.Parentsshouldactasmodelstotheirchildren.父母應(yīng)該給孩子樹(shù)立好榜樣。NewWordsExercisesNewWords59/78Exercises

model2.

用行動(dòng)給你弟弟做個(gè)好榜樣。

Makewhatyoudoamodelofyourbrother’s.

1.

因?yàn)楫?huà)家太窮，沒(méi)錢(qián)請(qǐng)模特，他只好畫(huà)自己妻子、女兒，有時(shí)甚

至借助鏡子畫(huà)他自己。

Sincethepainterwastoopoortohiremodels,hepaintedhiswife,hisdaughter,and,withthehelpofamirror,himself.NewWordsNewWords60/78Exercisesliveoff靠······過(guò)活父母逝世后，他由叔叔供養(yǎng)。e.g.Thepeopleonthisislandliveoffseafood.

小島上居民吃主要是海產(chǎn)品。ExpressionsHelivedoffhisuncleafterhisparentsdied.Expressions61/78Exercisesenjoydoing享受······樂(lè)趣；喜歡做······

我美國(guó)朋友喜歡燒中國(guó)菜。e.g.Mostofmyclassmatesenjoygoingtothecinema.我大部分同學(xué)喜歡看電影。ExpressionsMyAmericanfriendenjoyscookingChinesefood.Expressions62/78Exercisesasearlyas早在······時(shí)候英國(guó)政府早在1948年就將鐵路收歸國(guó)有。e.g.ResearchershavefoundthatAIDScasesinhumans

couldgobackasearlyas1959.研究人員發(fā)覺(jué)，人類(lèi)最早艾滋病病例可追溯到1959年。ExpressionsTheBritishgovernmentnationalizedtherailwaysasearlyas1948.Expressions63/78Exerciseswouldrather...

than...寧愿······而不愿孩子們通常寧愿清掃院子也不愿做作業(yè)。e.g.Iwouldratherstayathomealonethangotothepartytonight.今晚我寧愿呆在家里也不去參加晚會(huì)。ExpressionsMoreoftenthannot,thechildrenwouldrathercleantheyardthandotheirhomework.Expressions64/78Exercisesinreality實(shí)際上；實(shí)際上孩子們喜歡那個(gè)陌生人，可實(shí)際上他是個(gè)罪犯。e.g.Wedreamoffreedominreality,aswellasinname.我們夢(mèng)想擁有名副其實(shí)自由。ExpressionsThekidslikedthestranger,butinreality,hewasacriminal.Expressions65/78Exercisestryhardtodo(something)努力爭(zhēng)取去做······我非常努力，想在工作中取得成功。e.g.Theyaretryinghardtoholdtheirjobs.他們正努力堅(jiān)持工作。ExpressionsItriedveryhardtobesuccessfulinmywork.Expressions66/78Exercisesatarate以······速度世界人口正以危險(xiǎn)速度增加。e.g.Myfellowworkersworkataveryfastrate.我同事們工作效率非常高。ExpressionsThepopulationoftheworldisgrowingatadangerousrate.Expressions67/78PartIPartII

Exercises68/781.Manypeopletakepartinexercisestolose_____________andchangetheirbodyshapes.2.Theyoungmanwhohadjustcometoworkintheofficewas________asoneofthefewbestemployeesinthecompany.3.Shelooksill,asshehasbeenexperiencingasleeping_________forsometime.4.Inmyownlife,Ihavedevelopedsomeofbothmymotherandfather’s_________.weightcharacterblindjustifyfalsedisorderratecontrolconceptmodelweightrated

disordercharacterFillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow,changingtheformifnecessary.Fillin