SpittingtoSurviveSpitkeepsourmouthsmoistandsoftensourfoodwhenwechewWithoutspitinourmouths,wewouldhaveahardtimetalkingWewouldfinditevenhardertoswallow.Butforsomeanimals,spitworksbetterafterithasleftthemouthsomeanimalsareexpertsatsurvivingbecausetheyareexpertspitters.Llamas（美洲駝）areanimalsoftenfoundinpettingzoosandfarms.Theseanimalsseemtoliketheirpersonalspace.Allamathatfeelsthreatenedorannoyedwillspitslimy（黏稠的）gobsatyoutogetyoutoleaveitalone.Sometimesllamasevenspitoneachothertostealfood！Thistrickusuallyworks,becausellamaspitincludesfoodfromthellamasstomachanditcanbequitesmellyWhenallamaspitsonanotheranimal,theanimalusuallylosesitsappetiteandwalksaway,leavingitsfoodbehind.Thearcherfishisaveryskilledspitter.Thisfishislikeasubmarinewithaloadedweapon.Ittakesaimandspitsjetsofwateratinsectsandothersmallcreaturestoknockthemintothewater.Thenitgulps（快速吞下）themdownquickly.Tocreatesuchaforcefulstreamofwater,anarcherfishclosesitsgills（魚腮）,andusesitstonguetoformatubeinitsmouth.Thenthefishsticksitssnout(口鼻部)outofthewaterandaims.Aim!LaunchLunch!Spittingcobras(眼鏡蛇)arealsoknownfortheirexpertaim.Thesesnakesspraypoisonousvenomfromtheirfangs(尖牙)toprotectthemselves.Scientistsbelievethatthesesnakesactuallyaimfortheeyes!Whenthecobra’svenomgetsintotheevesofananimal.thevenomcausesterriblepainandevenblindness.Thisgivesthesnakeplentyoftimetogetaway.Spittingisconsideredtoberudebehaviourinpeople.Butforsomeanimalsspittingcanbeasmartwaytogetlunch--oracleverwaytoavoidbecominglunch!ReadingComprehensionChoosethecorrectanswerforeachquestion1.Inwhichofthefollowingwayscanspithelphumans?A.IthelpsuschewbysofteningourfoodB.IthelpsustalksmoothlyC.IthelpsusswalloweasilyD.Alloftheabove2.Whenmightallamachoosetospit?A.WhenitfeelsthreatenedB.WhenitlosesitsappetiteC.WhenitwantstoshowloveD.Whenitfeelsbored3.Whichanimalcreatesaforcefulstreamofwatertocaptureinsects?A.ThecuttlefishB.ThearcherfishC.ThespittingcobraD.Thellama4.Howdoesaspittingcobraprotectitself?A.ItspitsvenomintheeyesofitspredatorsBItbitesitspredatorswithitsfangsCItslithersawayquicklyD.Itspitsjetsofwater5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthisarticle?A.TotellfunnystoriesaboutanimalsB.TotellreadershowanimalssurviveC.ToexpressopinionsaboutanimalsD.ToshowhowanimalsaredifferentVocabulary基礎(chǔ)詞spit n.唾液,唾沫,口水v.[spat/spit-spat/spit]吐,唾（唾沫、食物等}；吐唾沫（表示憤怒或鄙視）；吐痰英theliquidthatisproducedinmouth記聯(lián)想記憶：s+pit（坑）往坑里吐痰→吐痰 例Don’tspitatrandom.不要隨地吐痰。chew v.咀嚼（食物）；嚼碎 記發(fā)音記憶：“芻”→一些動物能夠反芻→咀嚼 例Theboyischewinggum.那個男孩在嚼口香糖survive v.存活,生還；幸免；幸存；挺過（難關(guān)）英tocontinuetoliveorexist例Selinasurvivedtheaccidentbecauseofthesafetybel.由于系著安全帶,塞琳娜在事故中幸存了下來。personal adj.私人的；個人的；親自的 記詞根記憶：person（人）+al（…的）→個人的 搭personalcomputer個人電腦personalopinion個人觀點(diǎn)threaten v.對,構(gòu)成威脅；揚(yáng)言,威脅（某人） 英tobeadangertosth. 記詞根記憶：threat（威脅）+en（表動詞）→威脅例 Ifyouthreatenmeoruseanyforce,Ishallinformthepolice.如果你威脅我,或是使用任何武力,我就報警。annoyed adj.頗為生氣的,惱怒的 記詞根記憶：annoy（使生氣）+ed（…的）頗為生氣的例 Iamsoannoyedwithmysisterforhavingkeptthesecretforsuchalongtime.我很生氣,姐姐竟然保守這個秘密這么長時間skilled adj.有技巧的,熟練的 記來自skill（n.技巧）jet n.噴射流；噴氣式飛機(jī) 搭ajetofwater一股水柱ajetaircraft一架噴氣式飛機(jī)

Vocabulary進(jìn)階詞appetite n.胃口,食欲；欲望英 astrongdesireforfood記詞根記憶：ap（表加強(qiáng)）+pet（尋找）+ite（表名詞）到處尋找美味→食欲搭lossofappetite食欲不振submarine n.潛水艇adj.水下的,海底的 英ashipthatcantravelunderwater 記詞根記憶：sub（下）+marine（海的）→水下的,海底的 搭anuclearsubmarine一艘核潛艇submarineisland海底島嶼stream n.串,股；溪流v.涌 記聯(lián)想記憶：夢想（dream）是一條奔流不息的溪流（stream） 搭astreamofblood一股鮮血awindingstream一條蜿蜒的河流tube n.管；管狀物；管狀器官 英ahollowobjectintheshapeofapipe 記聯(lián)想記憶：立方形（cube）的管道（tube） 搭vacuumtube真空管,電子管bronchialtube支氣管stick v.放置；刺,戳,插；粘住,粘貼；卡??；伸進(jìn),伸向n.棍,棒；手杖例 Stickamessageinabottleandthrowitinthesea.在瓶子里放一張紙條,然后把它扔進(jìn)大海。p