高級(jí)中學(xué)精品試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省金華十校2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末檢測(cè)英語試題第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATravelersarealwayslookingforinspirationtoguidetheirtrips.Comingupwithalistofplacestovisitcanbechallengingwhenyou’restaringataglobe.Whatarethetoptouristattractionsintheworld?Herecomesourlist..TheAcropolis,AthensFollowinthefootstepsofancientsasyouwalkupthesamestepsthathavebeenwalkedonsince438BC.Viewsoutoverthecityareincredibleasyouwalkbetweenthewell-restoredoldbuildings.Neartheendoftheday,you’llwanttostayandwatchthesunsetfromthestairsneartheentrance.Thisisaritual(儀式)inAthens..TheTajMahal,IndiaIndiais-filledwithincrediblecitiesandfabulousplacestovisit,butthe17th-centuryTajMahalistheoneplacethatsaysyou’vebeentoIndia.Thismausoleum(陵墓)，commissionedbytheShahJahanforhiswife,isknowninternationallyasasymboloflove.Thisfantasticstructure,madewithpreciousstones,hastobevisitedtobefullyappreciated..Petra,JordanYoumayhaveanIndianaJonesfeelingasyouwalkthrougha1.2-kilometer-longnarrowcrackinthesandstonehillsandemerge,intoahiddencity.Firstbuiltover2,000yearsagoandlosttotheoutsideworldfor600years,thecitywasonlydiscoveredin1812.Impressivebuildingsarecarveddirectlyintotheredrockwallsandarewonderfullypreserved,justbeggingtobeexploredandphotographed..GrandCanyon,USAThegreatestnaturalattractionintheUnitedStates,theGrandCanyonisakeysightforalltravelersplanningtheirlifetimeofadventures.StandingontheedgeoftheGrandCanyon,lookingoutoverthecarvedlandscape,willawakenyoursenses.Severalhikesinthecanyonandalongtheedgeofferuniqueperspectives.ForevenmoreadventureplanaraftingtripdowntheColoradoRiverthroughthecanyon.1.WhatdotheAcropolisandPetrahaveincommon?A.Fantasticsunset.B.Redrockwalls.C.Excitingraftingtrip.D.Ancientbuildings.2.Whichplacebestsuitspeoplewhowantanadventuroustrip?A.Petra,Jordan.B.GrandCanyon,USA.C.TheTajMahal,India.D.TheAcropolis,Athens.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aresearchpaper.B.Asciencefiction.C.Atravelbrochure.D.Ageographytextbook.〖答案〗1.D2.B3.C〖導(dǎo)語〗本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個(gè)世界著名的旅游景點(diǎn)?！?題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheAcropolis,Athens部分“Followinthefootstepsofancientsasyouwalkupthesamestepsthathavebeenwalkedonsince438BC.”（當(dāng)你走上自公元前438年以來走過的臺(tái)階時(shí)，跟隨古人的腳步。）以及Petra,Jordan部分“Firstbuiltover2,000yearsagoandlosttotheoutsideworldfor600years,thecitywasonlydiscoveredin1812.”（這座城市最早建于2000多年前，600年來一直為外界所知，直到1812年才被發(fā)現(xiàn)。）可知theAcropolis和Petra共同之處在于都有古建筑。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThegreatestnaturalattractionintheUnitedStates,theGrandCanyonisakeysightforalltravelersplanningtheirlifetimeofadventures.”（大峽谷是美國最大的自然景點(diǎn)，是所有計(jì)劃一生冒險(xiǎn)的旅行者的主要景點(diǎn)。）可知美國大峽谷最適合想要冒險(xiǎn)旅行的人。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)本文大意，文章主要介紹了四個(gè)世界著名的旅游景點(diǎn)，可知文章與旅游有關(guān)，文章最有可能出一本自旅游手冊(cè)。故選C項(xiàng)。BOnMay21,2022,TomTurcichofNewJerseybecamethe10thpersontowalkaroundtheworld.Oversevenyears,hewalked48,000kilometersacrosssixcontinentsand38countries-mostofitwithhisdogSavannah.SpeakingtoCNN,Turcichexplainedthat,afterafrienddiedinanaccidentatage17hestartedtolookatlifedifferently,anddecidedtogoonajourneyaroundtheworld.IttookovereightyearsofsavingandplanningbeforeTurcichfinallylefthishomeonApril2,2015-justbeforehis26thbirthday-onhiswaytoPanama.Hehadastrollertocarryhishikingequipment,asleepingbag,alaptop,acameraandaboxoffood.Aboutfourmonthsintothejourney,TurcichadoptedSavannahfrom,ananimalshelterinTexas.Shejoinedhimfortherestofthetrip,becomingthefirstdogtowalkaroundtheworld.Thepairwalkedaround30-40kilometersaday,spendingmostnightscamping.Somepartscouldnotbedoneonfoot,however-suchaswhenlurcichandSavannahtookaboatfromUruguaytoAntarctica.Inlate2017,TurcichhadtoreturnhometorecoverfromanillnesshegotwhiletravelingthroughIrelandandtheUK.HeandSavannahstartedwalkingagaininMay2018,goingthroughEurope,NorthAfricaandTurkeybeforegettingstuckinAzerbaijanforsixmonthsbecauseoftheCOVID-19pandemic.TheywereabletotraveltoKyrgyzstanbeforetakingaplanetoSeattle.Fromthere,heandSavannahwalkedbacktoNewJersey.Turcichsaidthemostdifficultplacetowalkthroughwas“desolate”Wyoming.Nowthathe’sbackhome,Turcichsayshewantstostayinoneplaceforawhile-andwriteabookabouthistrip.4.WhatledtoTurcich’sdecisiontowalkaroundtheworld?A.Histhoughtfulplanbeforeabirthday.B.Hisdifferentattitudetowardstravelling.C.Thedeathofhisfriendatanearlyage.D.TheadoptionofSavannahfromashelter.5.WhatcanweknowabouttheTurcichandSavannahaccordingtothetext?A.Theyspentmostofnightsinhotelsduringthetrip.B.TheirjourneyhasbeenrecordedinTurcich’sbook.C.TheirtripwasonceinterruptedduetoTurcich’sillness.D.ThemostchallengingplaceforthemtowalkthroughwasAzerbaijan.6.WhatkindofpersonisTurcichaccordingtothetext?A.Creativeandcurious.B.Braveanddetermined.C.Caringandintelligent.D.Humorousandcautious.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Topersuadepeopletotravelwithareliableanimal.B.Tomotivateyoungpeopletotakeaworldwidewalkingtrip.C.Toemphasizetheimportanceofanunforgettabletravelexperience.D.Toshareastoryaboutamanandadog’swalkingaroundtheworld.〖答案〗4.C5.C6.B7.D〖導(dǎo)語〗本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，文章講述了TomTurcich成為第十個(gè)環(huán)游世界的人，在七年多的時(shí)間里，他和他的狗薩凡納走過了4.8萬公里，橫跨六大洲和38個(gè)國家。〖4題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二題中“SpeakingtoCNN,Turcichexplainedthat,afterafrienddiedinanaccidentatage17hestartedtolookatlifedifferently,anddecidedtogoonajourneyaroundtheworld.(在接受CNN采訪時(shí)，TomTurcich解釋說，在他17歲時(shí)一個(gè)朋友死于一場(chǎng)事故后，他開始以不同的方式看待生活，并決定進(jìn)行一次環(huán)球旅行。)”可知，一個(gè)朋友的意外離世促使TomTurcich開始環(huán)球旅行。故選C?！?題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Inlate2017,TurcichhadtoreturnhometorecoverfromanillnesshegotwhiletravelingthroughIrelandandtheUK.(2017年底，Turcich在愛爾蘭和英國旅行時(shí)生病，不得不回國養(yǎng)病。)”可知，他們的旅行一度因Turcich的病而中斷。故選C?！?題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Aboutfourmonthsintothejourney,TurcichadoptedSavannahfrom,ananimalshelterinTexas.Shejoinedhimfortherestofthetrip,becomingthefirstdogtowalkaroundtheworld.Thepairwalkedaround30-40kilometersaday,spendingmostnightscamping.Somepartscouldnotbedoneonfoot,however-suchaswhenlurcichandSavannahtookaboatfromUruguaytoAntarctica.(大約四個(gè)月后，Turcich從德克薩斯州的一家動(dòng)物收容所收養(yǎng)了薩凡納。她和他一起完成了剩下的旅程，成為了第一只環(huán)游世界的狗。二者每天步行30-40公里，大部分晚上都在露營。然而，有些部分是不能步行完成的，比如勒里奇和薩凡納從烏拉圭乘船前往南極洲。)”以及倒數(shù)第二段中“HeandSavannahstartedwalkingagaininMay2018,goingthroughEurope,NorthAfricaandTurkeybeforegettingstuckinAzerbaijanforsixmonthsbecauseoftheCOVID-19pandemic.(2018年5月，他和薩凡納再次開始徒步旅行，途經(jīng)歐洲、北非和土耳其，后來因?yàn)樾鹿诜窝状罅餍性诎⑷萁疁袅?個(gè)月。)”可知，Turcich克服了困難完成了剩下旅程。由此體現(xiàn)出他是勇敢的和意志堅(jiān)定的。故選B。〖7題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“OnMay21,2022,TomTurcichofNewJerseybecamethe10thpersontowalkaroundtheworld.Oversevenyears,hewalked48,000kilometersacrosssixcontinentsand38countries-mostofitwithhisdogSavannah.(2022年5月21日，新澤西州的TomTurcich成為第十個(gè)環(huán)游世界的人。在七年多的時(shí)間里，他走了4.8萬公里，穿越了六大洲和38個(gè)國家——大部分時(shí)間是和他的狗薩凡納一起走的。)”并結(jié)合全文可知，文章講述的是Turcich成為了第十個(gè)環(huán)游世界的人，他和狗狗薩凡納一起穿越了六大洲和38個(gè)國家，行走了4.8萬公里。故文章的目的是分享一個(gè)關(guān)于一個(gè)男人和一只狗環(huán)游世界的故事。故選D。CAnimalpopulationsacrosstheworldhavebeenreducedby69%inlessthan50years,accordingtoanewscientificreport.Thereport’sauthorsarecallingforurgentactiontorestorethenaturalworld.TheLivingPlanetReport(LPR)isproducedeverytwoyearsbytheWorldWideFundforNature(WWF)andtheZoologicalSocietyofLondon.Themostrecentreport,releasedonOctober13,2022,showsthatalmost70%oftheworld’smonitoredwildlifewaslostbetween1970and2018.Thereportisbasedonresearchfrom195countriesaroundtheworld.Datawascollectedfromalmost32,000populationsof5,230species.Althoughtheaveragegloballossofwildlifeis69%,therateisgreaterintheglobalsouth.LatinAmericaandtheCaribbeaninparticularhaveseenthesharpestfall,havinglost94%oftheirwildlifesince1970.Acrosstheworld,thebiggestdropwasinfreshwaterpopulationsofwildlife—includingalmost1,400speciesofmammals,birds,fish,amphibiansandreptiles—whichhavedecreasedby83%.Thereportidentifiesseveralcausesforwildlifeloss,includinghunting,farming,thelossofforests,pollutionandclimatechange.However,thereportalsopromotessolutions,suchasdesigninglessdestructivefoodproductionsystems,urgentlyprotectingtheAmazonrainforest,limitingtheuseoffossilfuels,andcreatingnewlawstoprotectournaturalenvironment.Commentingonthereport,MarcoLambertini,directorgeneralofWWFInternational,calledthefigures“terrifying”,andsaid“weneedtorestorenatureandnotsimplyhaltitsloss.”InDecember2022,worldleadersaremeetinginMontrealforthe15thUNBiodiversityConference,alsoknownasCOP15.TheauthorsoftheLPRsaythatthisisanopportunityforaglobalplantodealwithwildlifelossandrestorenature.“GovernmentleadersmuststepupatCOP15,”saidLambertini.“Theworldiswatching.”8.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttoshowbylistingthenumbersinthefirstthreeparagraphs?A.Thecausesoftheurgentsituation.B.Thedetailedprocessoftheresearch.C.Theseverityofwildlifelossworldwide.D.Thedropinfreshwaterpopulationsofwildlife?9.Accordingtothereport,whatisapossiblesolutiontopopulationdeclineofwildlife?A.Stophuntingandfarming.B.Bantheproductionofwildlifefood.C.Offerlegalprotectionofnaturalenvironment.D.Replacethefossilfuelswithrenewableenergy10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“halt”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Accept. B.Stop. C.Fear. D.Suffer.11.WhatisLambertini’sattitudetowardswildlifeloss?A.Objective. B.Indifferent.C.Ambiguous. D.Concerned.〖答案〗8.C9.C10.B11.D〖導(dǎo)語〗本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了全球野生動(dòng)物損失的嚴(yán)重性，因此需要全球共同努力，關(guān)注并解決該問題?！?題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Animalpopulationsacrosstheworldhavebeenreducedby69%inlessthan50years,accordingtoanewscientificreport.Thereport’sauthorsarecallingforurgentactiontorestorethenaturalworld.(根據(jù)一份新的科學(xué)報(bào)告，在不到50年的時(shí)間里，世界各地的動(dòng)物數(shù)量減少了69%。該報(bào)告的作者呼吁采取緊急行動(dòng)來恢復(fù)自然世界)”以及第二段中“Themostrecentreport,releasedonOctober13,2022,showsthatalmost70%oftheworld’smonitoredwildlifewaslostbetween1970and2018.Thereportisbasedonresearchfrom195countriesaroundtheworld.Datawascollectedfromalmost32,000populationsof5,230species.(2022年10月13日發(fā)布的最新報(bào)告顯示，1970年至2018年期間，全球近70%的受監(jiān)測(cè)野生動(dòng)物消失。該報(bào)告基于全球195個(gè)國家的研究。數(shù)據(jù)來自5230個(gè)物種的近32000個(gè)種群)”以及第三段中“LatinAmericaandtheCaribbeaninparticularhaveseenthesharpestfall,havinglost94%oftheirwildlifesince1970.(拉丁美洲和加勒比地區(qū)的野生動(dòng)物數(shù)量下降尤其嚴(yán)重，自1970年以來已經(jīng)失去了94%的野生動(dòng)物)”可知，作者主要想通過列舉前三段的數(shù)字來展示世界范圍內(nèi)野生動(dòng)物損失的嚴(yán)重性。故選C?！?題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“However,thereportalsopromotessolutions,suchasdesigninglessdestructivefoodproductionsystems,urgentlyprotectingtheAmazonrainforest,limitingtheuseoffossilfuels,andcreatingnewlawstoprotectournaturalenvironment.(然而，該報(bào)告也提出了解決方案，例如設(shè)計(jì)破壞性較小的糧食生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)，緊急保護(hù)亞馬遜雨林，限制化石燃料的使用，以及制定新的法律來保護(hù)我們的自然環(huán)境)”可知，根據(jù)該報(bào)告，為自然環(huán)境提供法律保護(hù)是解決野生動(dòng)物數(shù)量下降的一個(gè)可能的解決方案。故選C?！?0題詳析〗詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞前面的句子“Commentingonthereport,MarcoLambertini,directorgeneralofWWFInternational,calledthefigures“terrifying”,(在評(píng)論該報(bào)告時(shí)，世界自然基金會(huì)國際總干事馬可·蘭伯蒂尼稱這些數(shù)字“令人恐懼”)”以及“weneedtorestorenature(我們需要恢復(fù)自然)”可知，面臨野生動(dòng)物數(shù)量急劇下降的情況，我們不僅僅是停止當(dāng)前的損失，更需要做的是需要去恢復(fù)自然。由此可知，劃線詞halt與stop(停止)意思接近。故選B。〖11題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“TheauthorsoftheLPRsaythatthisisanopportunityforaglobalplantodealwithwildlifelossandrestorenature.“GovernmentleadersmuststepupatCOP15,”saidLambertini.“Theworldiswatching.”(LPR的作者說，這是一個(gè)應(yīng)對(duì)野生動(dòng)物損失和恢復(fù)自然的全球計(jì)劃的機(jī)會(huì)。蘭伯蒂尼說：“政府領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人必須在第15屆締約方會(huì)議上采取行動(dòng)。“全世界都在看著。”)”可知，蘭伯蒂尼認(rèn)為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人必須在第15屆締約方會(huì)議上采取行動(dòng)。由此推知，他對(duì)野生動(dòng)物數(shù)量減少的態(tài)度是擔(dān)心的。故選D。DNexttimeyouconsiderstrikingupaconversationwithastrangerinlineatthegrocerystoreorwhilewaitingatthelaundry,keepinmindthatitmightbebeneficialforyourwell-being.Arecentstudybyagroupofresearchersfoundthatthereisalinkbetweenhappinessandatermthattheresearcherscoinedcalled“relationaldiversity.”UsingpublicdatafromsourcesliketheBureauofLaborStatisticsandtheWorldHealthOrganization,theresearchersanalyzeddatasetsandsurveyresponsesfrompeoplewhohadsharedtheirdailyhabits,schedulesandinteractions.Theynoticedaclearrelationshipbetweenrelationaldiversityandoveralllevelsofsatisfaction.HanneCollins,aHarvardBusinessSchooldoctoralstudentwhoco-authoredthestudy,saysthatrelationaldiversityiscomposedoftwoelements:richnessandevenness.Richnessmeasuresrelationshipcategories,orhowmanykindsofpeopleyouinteractwithinaday.Thatcouldbeyourromanticpartner,afamilymember,aneighbororastranger.“Themorerelationshipcategoriestheytalktoinadayandthemoreeventheirconversationsareacrossthosecategories,thehappiertheyare.Andwefindthisinalargesampleacrossmanycountries,”Collinssaid.Evennessrelatestothedistributionofconversationsamongthosedifferentrelationshipcategories.Somepeoplemayfindthemselvesinteractingwithcolleaguesatworkmorethan,say,theirfamilymembers.“Ifyouhaveafewconversationswithcolleagues,afewwithfriends,afewwitharomanticpartneroracouplechatswithstrangers,that’sgoingtobemoreevenacrossthesecategories,”Collinsexplained.Ultimately,Collinssays,thestudygivesinsighttotheideathathumansaresocialcreaturesatheart.Havingasupportsystemisimportant,butitgoesbeyondyourinnercircle.“It’saboutthismix.It’saboutconnectingwithpeoplewhoareclosetoyou,whoaremaybelessclosetoyou,whoconnectyouwithotherpeople,whoprovidedifferentkindsofsupport,”shesaid.“Essentially,theideaisthatthemorediverseyoursocialportfolio,thehappieryouareandthehigheryourwell-being.”12.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Theresearchmethod.B.Thesupportingevidence.C.Theanalysisoftheresearchdata.D.Theapplicationoftheresearchfindings.13.HowdoesCollinexplainthefindingsinparagraph3?A.Byillustratingconcepts.B.Bypresentingquestions.C.Byusinganexpert’sword.D.Byreferringtoanotherstudy.14.WhatdoesCollinssuggestpeopledointhelastparagraph?A.Liveamoreactivelife.B.Expandtheinnercircle.C.Gainasmuchsupportaspossible.D.Connectwithallkindsofpeople.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Humans,socialcreaturesatheartB.Findingsupportbenefitsyourwell-beingC.Themoreyouinteract,thebetteryouwillbeD.Talkingtostrangersmightmakeyouhappier〖答案〗12.A13.A14.D15.D〖導(dǎo)語〗本文是說明文。文章主要介紹你和不同的陌生人群交流，就會(huì)有幸福感?！?2題詳析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“UsingpublicdatafromsourcesliketheBureauofLaborStatisticsandtheWorldHealthOrganization,theresearchersanalyzeddatasetsandsurveyresponsesfrompeoplewhohadsharedtheirdailyhabits,schedulesandinteractions.Theynoticedaclearrelationshipbetweenrelationaldiversityandoveralllevelsofsatisfaction.(研究人員利用勞工統(tǒng)計(jì)局和世界衛(wèi)生組織等來源的公共數(shù)據(jù)，分析了分享過日常習(xí)慣、日程安排和互動(dòng)的人的數(shù)據(jù)集和調(diào)查結(jié)果。他們注意到關(guān)系多樣性和總體滿意度之間的明顯關(guān)系。)”可知，這一段主要講述對(duì)研究數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析的研究方法。故選A?！?3題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“HanneCollins,aHarvardBusinessSchooldoctoralstudentwhoco-authoredthestudy,saysthatrelationaldiversityiscomposedoftwoelements:richnessandevenness.Richnessmeasuresrelationshipcategories,orhowmanykindsofpeopleyouinteractwithinaday.Thatcouldbeyourromanticpartner,afamilymember,aneighbororastranger.“Themorerelationshipcategoriestheytalktoinadayandthemoreeventheirconversationsareacrossthosecategories,thehappiertheyare.Andwefindthisinalargesampleacrossmanycountries,”Collinssaid.Evennessrelatestothedistributionofconversationsamongthosedifferentrelationshipcategories.Somepeoplemayfindthemselvesinteractingwithcolleaguesatworkmorethan,say,theirfamilymembers.“Ifyouhaveafewconversationswithcolleagues,afewwithfriends,afewwitharomanticpartneroracouplechatswithstrangers,that’sgoingtobemoreevenacrossthesecategories,”Collinsexplained.(這項(xiàng)研究的合著者、哈佛商學(xué)院博士生漢恩·柯林斯（HanneCollins）表示，關(guān)系多樣性由兩個(gè)要素組成：豐富性和均勻性。財(cái)富衡量的是關(guān)系類別，或者你一天中與多少類型的人互動(dòng)。那可能是你的浪漫伴侶、家人、鄰居或陌生人。柯林斯說：“他們?cè)谝惶熘薪徽劦年P(guān)系類別越多，甚至他們?cè)谶@些類別中的對(duì)話越多，他們就越快樂。我們?cè)谠S多國家的一個(gè)大樣本中發(fā)現(xiàn)了這一點(diǎn)?！本鶆蛐耘c這些不同關(guān)系類別之間的對(duì)話分布有關(guān)。有些人可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在工作中與同事的互動(dòng)比與家人的互動(dòng)更多。柯林斯解釋道：“如果你和同事聊了幾次，和朋友聊了幾句，和一個(gè)浪漫的伴侶聊了幾段，或者和陌生人聊了幾回，那么這類人的情況會(huì)更好?！?”可知，柯林斯主要通過豐富性和均勻性這兩個(gè)概念來解釋他的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選A?！?4題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Essentially,theideaisthatthemorediverseyoursocialportfolio,thehappieryouareandthehigheryourwell-being.(本質(zhì)上，這個(gè)想法是，你的社交組合越多樣化，你就越快樂，你的幸福感就越高。)”可知，柯林斯建議人們盡可能多的和不同的人進(jìn)行社交。故選D?！?5題詳析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Nexttimeyouconsiderstrikingupaconversationwithastrangerinlineatthegrocerystoreorwhilewaitingatthelaundry,keepinmindthatitmightbebeneficialforyourwell-being.”（下次你考慮在雜貨店排隊(duì)或在洗衣店等待時(shí)與陌生人交談時(shí)，請(qǐng)記住這可能對(duì)你的健康有益。）根據(jù)第一段“Arecentstudybyagroupofresearchersfoundthatthereisalinkbetweenhappinessandatermthattheresearcherscoinedcalled“relationaldiversity.”(一組研究人員最近的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，幸福與研究人員創(chuàng)造的“關(guān)系多樣性”這一術(shù)語之間存在聯(lián)系。)”和最后一段“Essentially,theideaisthatthemorediverseyoursocialportfolio,thehappieryouareandthehigheryourwell-being.(本質(zhì)上，這個(gè)想法是，你的社交組合越多樣化，你就越快樂，你的幸福感就越高。)”可知，這篇文章主要講述一個(gè)人的幸福感和社交多樣化有聯(lián)系，和不同的陌生人群交流，就會(huì)有幸福感。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Everyoneknowsthatthemediacanbeandismanipulated(操控).EverythingthatwereadontheInternetmaynotalwaysbetrue.Peoplehaveconstantlybeencomplainingaboutliesinthemedia.____16____Herearesometipsandtools:Checkthedomain.Establishednewsorganizationsusuallyowntheirdomainsandtheyhaveastandardlook.ManyfakeonesusesimilarURLsanddomainnames,butratherthanusinga“.com”,theyuse“.com.co”endings.____17____Butabcnews.com.coisnot!Checkthecomments.Headlinesaremeanttogetthereaders’attentionandreflectwhatthestoryisabout.____18____Headlinesareoftenwritteninexaggerated(夸張的)languagewiththeintentionofbeingmisleadingandthenattachedtostoriesthatareaboutacompletelydifferenttopicorjustnottrue.Thesestoriesusuallygeneratealotofcomments.Ifalotofthesecommentscalloutthearticleforbeingfakeormisleading,itprobablyis.____19____Aretherenoticeablegrammaticalerrors?Knowthis-reliablesourceshavehighproofreadingandgrammaticalstandards!Isthestoryofthecelebritycurrentorrecycled?Makesureanolderstoryhasnotbeentakenoutofcontext.Remember,donotbelieveeverythingyousee,readorhear.Falsenewstravelsfasteronlinethanrealnews.____20____Readwidelyinsteadandconsidertheothersideofastory.Ask,thinkandcheckwheneveryoureadanarticle,hearanopinionorseeapicture.A.Guaranteecorrectgrammar.B.Sohowcanwebesmartonline?C.Butlately,thathasn’tbeenthecase.D.Payattentiontoqualityandtimeliness.E.Forexample,isalegalnewssource.F.Youcanusemostsearchenginestofindmoreinformation.G.Donotdefineyouropinionsandviewsbecauseofonearticleyouhaveread.〖答案〗16.B17.E18.C19.D20.G〖導(dǎo)語〗這是一篇說明文。文章就如何辨別網(wǎng)絡(luò)上信息真假提出了一些實(shí)用的技巧和方法?！?6題詳析〗根據(jù)前文“EverythingthatwereadontheInternetmaynotalwaysbetrue.Peoplehaveconstantlybeencomplainingaboutliesinthemedia.”（我們?cè)诨ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)上讀到的一切可能并不總是正確的。人們一直在抱怨媒體的謊言。）可知，對(duì)于網(wǎng)絡(luò)上虛假的信息，人們對(duì)這種現(xiàn)象一直都在埋怨。下文“Herearesometipsandtools”（這里有一些（辨別網(wǎng)絡(luò)上虛假信息的）技巧和工具。）可知，接下來的內(nèi)容描述的是的如何辨別網(wǎng)絡(luò)上信息真假的技巧和方法。因而，空處的內(nèi)容可以提出問題：如何成為一個(gè)智慧的網(wǎng)絡(luò)使用者呢？選項(xiàng)B.“那么我們?cè)鯓硬拍茉诰W(wǎng)上變得聰明呢？”，切題，故選B。〖17題詳析〗根據(jù)前文“ManyfakeonesusesimilarURLsanddomainnames,butratherthanusinga“.com”,theyuse“.com.co”endings.”（許多假冒的域名使用相似的URL和域名，但他們不使用“.com”，而是使用“.com.co”結(jié)尾。）可知，通過域名的形式可以區(qū)分網(wǎng)站的真假。因此空處應(yīng)該承接前文，舉出事例說明。選項(xiàng)E.“例如，是一個(gè)合法的新聞來源。”以例子證實(shí)真正存在的網(wǎng)站的網(wǎng)址，且和下文“Butabcnews.com.coisnot!”（但是abcnews.com.co不是！）在邏輯上相一致，切題，故選E?！?8題詳析〗前文“Headlinesaremeanttogetthereaders’attentionandreflectwhatthestoryisabout.”（標(biāo)題是為了吸引讀者的注意力，反映故事的內(nèi)容。）說明一般情形下，標(biāo)題可以反映故事的內(nèi)容，具有概括性。下文“Headlinesareoftenwritteninexaggerated(夸張的)languagewiththeintentionofbeingmisleadingandthenattachedtostoriesthatareaboutacompletelydifferenttopicorjustnottrue.”（新聞標(biāo)題通常是用夸張的語言寫的，目的是誤導(dǎo)讀者，然后附加到關(guān)于一個(gè)完全不同的主題或不真實(shí)的故事上。）可知，虛假的新聞的標(biāo)題并不能如實(shí)的反映其真實(shí)的內(nèi)容。因而，空處的內(nèi)容應(yīng)為虛假標(biāo)題的情形和通常標(biāo)題的特點(diǎn)不一樣。選項(xiàng)C.“但最近，情況并非如此。”利用轉(zhuǎn)折詞“but”引出虛假的標(biāo)題并非如此，符合題意，故選C?！?9題詳析〗根據(jù)下文“Aretherenoticeablegrammaticalerrors?Knowthis-reliablesourceshavehigh.proofreadingandgrammaticalstandards!Isthestoryofthecelebritycurrentorrecycled?Makesureanolderstoryhasnotbeentakenoutofcontext.”（是否有明顯的語法錯(cuò)誤?要知道——可靠的來源有很高的校對(duì)和語法標(biāo)準(zhǔn)！這個(gè)名人的故事是流行的還是循環(huán)利用的？確保一個(gè)舊的故事沒有被斷章取義。）可知，可靠的網(wǎng)站的內(nèi)容在語法上都是正確的，且它的內(nèi)容都是最新的，不會(huì)拿以前的故事或者斷章取義來博得網(wǎng)民的關(guān)注。因而，本段講述可以關(guān)注網(wǎng)站內(nèi)容和時(shí)效來辨別真假。選項(xiàng)D.“Payattentiontoqualityandtimeliness.”（注意質(zhì)量和時(shí)間。）符合題意，故選D?！?0題詳析〗根據(jù)前文“Remember,donotbelieveeverythingyousee,readorhear.Falsenewstravelsfasteronlinethanrealnews.”（記住，不要相信你所看到的、讀到的或聽到的一切。假新聞在網(wǎng)上傳播的速度比真新聞快。）可知，網(wǎng)上看到的某個(gè)信息可能會(huì)是假信息，因?yàn)榧傩侣勗诰W(wǎng)上傳播的速度比真新聞快。下文“Readwidelyinsteadandconsidertheothersideofastory.”（要廣泛閱讀，并考慮故事的另一面。）強(qiáng)調(diào)廣泛閱讀可以確保獲得的信息的真實(shí)性。因此，空處的內(nèi)容應(yīng)為不要因?yàn)橐黄约鹤x過的文章就確定某個(gè)信息。選項(xiàng)G.“不要因?yàn)槟阕x過的一篇文章而定義你的觀點(diǎn)和看法。”符合題意，故選G。第二部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15個(gè)小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Silenceisimportantforlearning.Igotitfrommyfourteen-month-olddaughterArielle.Oneday,shesatonthefloorwithanoldbabydoll.Withoutbuttons,itcouldneither____21____norplaymusic.Thewholeroomwassilent.ThenAriellebegantoexplorethebabydoll.Whenherhandtouchedatiny____22____,sheusedonefingertotrace(勾畫)itsshape.Thenshe____23____oneofherownearsandthenbothears.Shekepttracingthedoll’searandherownafewmoretimesuntil,____24____,sheturnedherattentionelsewhere.AtthatmomentIdiscoveredhowhuman____25____tookplace.Somethingstimulated(刺激)Arielle’s____26____:Isherbodylikeherdoll’s?Withnooutsidestimulation,shesatisfiedhercuriositybycomparingthedoll’sbodyandherself.____27____,formanykids,experienceslikeArielle’sarelessandlessfrequent____28____childrenaresurroundedbythoseso-called____29____toyswhichcantalkandmoveatthepushofabutton.This_____30_____themtopushbuttonsrepeatedlywithoutthinkingandmayrob(剝奪)childrenofopportunitiestoproblem-solve.Likeadults,childrenneedtimesthatare_____31_____toexperiencethedifferencebetweenjustreactingtooutsidestimulationand_____32_____theirownideasbyexploringtheworld.Indeed,thetoysmostlikelytoencouragecreativeplayarenotthosethatmake_____33_____orhavelotsofunnecessary’functions._____34_____,theyaresimple,quietandcanbeusedinlotsofdifferentways.Sonexttime,when_____35_____whattobuyyourchild,makeawisechoice.21.A.smile B.stand C.talk D.sleep22.A.nose B.mouth C.ear D.foot23.A.covered B.felt C.hurt D.drew24.A.discouraged B.interested C.confused D.satisfied25.A.aging B.communication C.learning D.experiment26.A.imagination B.curiosity C.creativity D.determination27.A.Briefly B.Sadly C.Hopefully D.Traditionally28.A.unless B.while C.since D.until29.A.safe B.pretty C.healthy D.smart30.A.required B.forbade C.advised D.caused31.A.hard B.quiet C.extra D.fresh32.A.developing B.changing C.expressing D.appreciating33.A.noise B.profits C.progress D.records34.A.However B.Instead C.Therefore D.Besides35.A.asking B.studying C.deciding D.suggesting〖答案〗21.C22.C23.B24.D25.C26.B27.B28.C29.D30.D31.B32.A33.A34.B35.C〖導(dǎo)語〗本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者從14個(gè)月的女兒Arielle那里學(xué)到：沉默對(duì)于學(xué)習(xí)是重要的?！?1題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有按鈕，它既不能說話也不能播放音樂。A.smile微笑；B.stand站立；C.talk說話；D.sleep睡覺。It此處指代上文的babydoll，根據(jù)“Withoutbuttons”和“Thewholeroomwassilent.”可知，沒有按鈕，布娃娃既不會(huì)說話也不能播放音樂。故選C?！?2題詳析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她的手碰到一只小耳朵時(shí)，她會(huì)用一根手指描摹它的形狀。A.nose鼻子；B.mouth嘴；C.ear耳朵；D.foot腳。根據(jù)下文“oneofherownearsandthenbothears.”可知，Arielle的手碰到布娃娃的耳朵，會(huì)用手指描摹它的形狀。故選C?！?3題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后她摸了摸自己的一只耳朵，又摸了摸兩只耳朵。A.covered覆蓋；B.felt觸摸；C.hurt使受傷；D.drew畫。根據(jù)上文“sheusedonefingertotrace(勾畫)itsshape”可知，Arielle用手指勾畫布娃娃的耳朵輪廓以后，摸摸自己的耳朵。故選B?！?4題詳析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她不停地描摹著娃娃的耳朵，又摸了幾次自己的耳朵，直到她滿足了，才把注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到別處。A.discouraged心灰意冷的；B.interested感興趣的；C.confused困惑的；D.satisfied滿足的。根據(jù)上文“Shekepttracingthedoll’searandherownafewmoretimesuntil”和下文“sheturnedherattentionelsewhere.”可知，Arielle不斷的摸摸布娃娃的耳朵，再摸摸自己的耳朵，直到玩夠了，滿足了，才轉(zhuǎn)移注意力。故選D?！?5題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在那一刻，我發(fā)現(xiàn)了人類學(xué)習(xí)是如何發(fā)生的。A.aging老齡化；B.communication交流；C.learning學(xué)習(xí)；D.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)下文“Somethingstimulated(刺激)Arielle’s________:Isherbodylikeherdoll’s?”可知，Arielle在學(xué)習(xí)，從中作者發(fā)現(xiàn)了人類學(xué)習(xí)的方式。故選C?！?6題詳析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有什么東西激發(fā)了Arielle的好奇心：她的身體像她的娃娃嗎？A.imagination想象；B.curiosity好奇心；C.creativity創(chuàng)造力；D.determination決心。根據(jù)下文的問題“Isherbodylikeherdoll’s?”和“Withnooutsidestimulation,shesatisfiedhercuriositybycomparingthedoll’sbodyandherself.”可知，Arielle產(chǎn)生了好奇心。故選B?！?7題詳析〗考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：可悲的是，對(duì)于許多孩子來說，像Arielle這樣的經(jīng)歷越來越少了，因?yàn)楹⒆觽儽荒切┧^的智能玩具包圍著，這些玩具可以說話，按下按鈕就能移動(dòng)。A.Briefly簡單地；B.Sadly悲哀地；C.Hopefully有希望地；D.Traditionally傳統(tǒng)地。根據(jù)上文“formanykids,experienceslikeArielle’sarelessandlessfrequent”和下文“childrenaresurroundedbythoseso-called________toyswhichcantalkandmoveatthepushofabutton”可知，很多孩子沒有Arielle這樣的經(jīng)歷，應(yīng)該是悲哀地。故選B?！?8題詳析〗考查連接詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.unless除非；B.while當(dāng)……時(shí)候；C.since因?yàn)?；D.until直到。根據(jù)下文“childrenaresurroundedbythoseso-called________toyswhichcantalkandmoveatthepushofabutton”可知，孩子們被智能玩具包圍是缺少那種經(jīng)歷的原因，用since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。故選C?！?9題詳析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：可悲的是，對(duì)于許多孩子來說，像Arielle這樣的經(jīng)歷越來越少了，因?yàn)楹⒆觽儽荒切┧^的智能玩具包圍著，這些玩具可以說話，按下按鈕就能移動(dòng)。A.safe安全的；B.pretty漂亮的；C.healthy健康的；D.smart智能的。根據(jù)下文toy的定語從句“whichcantalkandmoveatthepushofabutton”可知，這些玩具會(huì)說話會(huì)移動(dòng)，因此是智能玩具。故選D?！?0題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這導(dǎo)致他們不假思索地反復(fù)按按鈕，可能會(huì)剝奪孩子們解決問題的機(jī)會(huì)。A.required要求；B.forbade禁止；C.advised建議；D.caused導(dǎo)致。根據(jù)上文“toyswhichcantalkandmoveatthepushofabutton”可知，一按按鈕玩具就會(huì)說話和引導(dǎo)，這導(dǎo)致孩子們不假思索地反復(fù)按按鈕。故選D?！?1題詳析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：和成年人一樣，孩子們也需要安靜的時(shí)間來體驗(yàn)僅僅對(duì)外界刺激做出反應(yīng)和通過探索世界來形成自己的想法之間的區(qū)別。A.hard困難的；B.quiet安靜的；C.extra額外的；D.fresh新鮮的。根據(jù)上文“Silenceisimportantforlearning.”可知，孩子們也需要安靜的時(shí)間來學(xué)校。故選B?！?2題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。developing形成；B.changing改變；C.expressing表