




版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請進(jìn)行舉報或認(rèn)領(lǐng)
文檔簡介
2023中考英語閱讀理解專題復(fù)習(xí)
要領(lǐng):(回歸原文定位)
【一)中考閱讀理解的考查方式
1.五大題型
1)、主旨題要求在理解全文后歸納短文大意,概括中心思想或選擇短文的標(biāo)題。
、細(xì)節(jié)題即平時我們所說的和
2)"W"(who,whatwhere,when;why.Which)"H"(how)
問題
3)、詞意題主要測試考生是否理解了文章的詞義,一般情況下,正確答案就是對所詢問的
詞,詞組或句子的復(fù)述或解釋。
4)、推斷題主要測試考生利用文章所給的信息進(jìn)行推理判斷的能力。一般是根據(jù)文章的有關(guān)
事實(shí),對作者意圖,態(tài)度以及作者言外之意,進(jìn)行符合邏輯的推理判斷
5)、觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題這一類考題大都要求考生就作者對論述對象持什么樣的態(tài)度做出推斷,如
作者對所陳述的觀點(diǎn)是贊同、反對,還是猶豫不定,對記述或描寫的人、物或事件是贊頌、
同情、冷漠,還是厭惡。作者的這種思想傾向和感情色彩不一定直接表述出來,而往往隱含
在字里行間。因此,進(jìn)行這種推斷時,我們既要依靠短文的主題思想作為推力的前提,又要
注意作者的措辭,尤其是形容詞一類的修飾語。
2.具體形式
(1)任務(wù)型閱讀。
(2)根據(jù)所讀文章內(nèi)容選擇正確答案。
【二)中考閱讀理解命題特點(diǎn)
試題的選材貼近考生的生活,時代氣息濃郁。所選文章的體裁多樣化。記敘文,說議論文,
應(yīng)用文,對話,圖表,廣告,小品等。
1.題材具有廣泛性。涉及日常生活,社會,政治,經(jīng)濟(jì),文化,科技,地理,歷史,人物傳
記,風(fēng)土人情,實(shí)用文體等。
2.題量大,分值高。
3.試題難度適中,符合大多數(shù)考生英語水平。
三中考閱讀理解解題策略及方法
1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。
嚴(yán)格按照三步走:首先看題目,劃出關(guān)鍵詞,區(qū)分不同選項(xiàng);其次根據(jù)所劃關(guān)鍵詞回歸原文
定位;最后比對原文和選項(xiàng),選出正確答案。一般難句都是出題點(diǎn),這是應(yīng)注意文中的同位
語,破折號,括號,省略號等。
設(shè)題方式
1)Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?
2)Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetext?
3)Theauthor(orthepassage)statesthat.
4)Accordingtothepassage,when(where,why,how,who,what,which,etc.)__?
解題秘訣(回扣原文)
正確答案的特點(diǎn):與原文情節(jié)表達(dá)手法不同,但所表達(dá)的意思相同。
干擾選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn):
1.是原文信息,但與題目要求不符;
2.符合常識,但不符合原文內(nèi)容;
3.與原文情節(jié)極為相似,只是在程度上有些變動;
4.選項(xiàng)中所提供的信息局部正確,局部錯誤;
5.在意思上與原文大相徑庭甚至完全相反。
2.詞義推理題。
我們可以利用閱讀材料的信息,結(jié)合上下文來判斷其特定含義,或者根據(jù)句子的語法關(guān)系分
析、挖掘其含義。
設(shè)題方式
⑴thewordInthepassageprobablymeans.
⑵Theword'、???〃isclosedinmeaningto.
(3)couldbestbereplacedbywhichofthefollowing?
⑷Inthestorytheunderlinedword”…〃means
(5)Here“it〃means
(6)Theexpression/phrase”…〃means
(7)Theunderlinedword“it〃inthepassagerefersto.
解題秘訣(通過詞根詞綴詞綴推測生詞的含義。通過上下文推測生詞的含義。通過語法關(guān)
系推測生詞的含義。)
3,推理判斷題
考查短文中對作者意圖或文章中人物觀點(diǎn)的理解,以及能從短文內(nèi)容中推斷出結(jié)論和作者的
弦外之音等。對此要求學(xué)生把握住兩點(diǎn):一答案來源于原文,但不等同于原文;二是答案必
須要忠實(shí)于原文,不能主觀臆斷。
常見的設(shè)問形式:
⑴wecaninferfromthepassagethat
(2)Wecanguessthewriterofthelettermaybe
(3)Fromtheletterwe'relearnedthatit'svery
⑷Fromthestorywecanguess
(5)Whatwouldbehappyif…
(6)Thewriterbelievesthat
(7)Thewritersuggeststhat
解題秘訣(依據(jù)原文認(rèn)真比擬選項(xiàng)。)
以原文內(nèi)容為前提,據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)理論(非考生觀點(diǎn)),客觀地對文中未明顯說明的現(xiàn)象或
事例給予合理的邏輯推斷,做出一定解釋。
如果選項(xiàng)中有兩個或兩個以上的選項(xiàng)都是成立的推理,那么選與原文主題最接近的答案。
4.主旨大意題
這類題是指那些針對文章的主要內(nèi)容,主題,標(biāo)題或?qū)懽髂康乃O(shè)的問題。
設(shè)題方式
(1)What'sthepassagemainlyabout?
(2)What'sthemainideaofthispassage?
(3)What'sthetopicofthisarticle?
(4)What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?
(5)Thepurposeofthispassageisto
(6)Thearticlehasbeenwrittentoexplain
(7)Wecanlearnfrom
⑻Wecaninferfromthispassage.
解題秘訣(抓主題句)高頻詞,關(guān)鍵詞A+關(guān)鍵詞B+…?;不能太大;不能太小
干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn):
1.以偏概全。干擾項(xiàng)只闡述了文章的一局部內(nèi)容,也就是文章的局部信息。
2.斷章取義。干擾項(xiàng)常常以文章中的個別信息或個別字眼作為選項(xiàng)的設(shè)置內(nèi)容,或者以次
要的事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)冒充全文的主要觀點(diǎn)。
3.主題擴(kuò)大。干擾項(xiàng)所歸納、概括的范圍過大,超過文章實(shí)際所討論的內(nèi)容。
4.張冠李戴。命題者有意地把屬于A的特征放在B的身上,構(gòu)成一個干擾項(xiàng)??忌蛔⒁?/p>
的情況下,會造成錯選答案。
5.無中生有或似是而非。有的干擾項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞語好似在文章中談到了,但認(rèn)真分析之后
你會發(fā)現(xiàn)這類干擾項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容與文章的內(nèi)容毫無聯(lián)系。
5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題
設(shè)題方式
Thewriter'sattitudetoward...is.
Howdidthewriterfeel
作者在描述事實(shí)或傳遞信息時,不管他的意圖是什么,其觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度都不可防止地在文章中反
映出來。常見的涉及到作者態(tài)度的詞有褒義類此(approving,positive,optimisticjavorable
貶義類詞和中性類此
supportive},(negative,critical,pessimistic,)(impartial,objective,neutral)o
不是解的選項(xiàng)indifferent漠不關(guān)心的subjective主觀的unconcerned不關(guān)心的
contemptuous輕蔑的,hostile敵對的,biased片面的
閱讀理解解題方法:
方法1.順序法。即先看文章,然后看試題,再回到文章查找有關(guān)信息。該法適合于解題時間
充足,文章篇幅較長,需要獲取的信息較多或需要對全篇進(jìn)行整體理解的場合。閱讀時一般
采取快速閱讀法注意關(guān)鍵詞句和段落,找準(zhǔn)主線,掌握大意,并能記住主要細(xì)節(jié)的分布點(diǎn)。
2.逆向法。即先看試題,了解試題題干以及各個選項(xiàng)所包含的信息,然后有針對地對文章進(jìn)
行掃讀,對相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位,再將相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行整合,分析,比照。有根據(jù)地排除
干擾項(xiàng),選出正確答案。該法有較大的針對性和準(zhǔn)確性。適合于時間較緊,文章篇幅不長,
需要獲取信息不多,試題與文章聯(lián)系緊密,不需要做深層次的理解3.標(biāo)注法。即在通讀短文
和試題后,標(biāo)注中心句并與試題有關(guān)的詞句,段標(biāo)注相應(yīng)的題號。該法具有很大的針對性
和穩(wěn)妥性,便于對照分析和復(fù)查驗(yàn)證。有些學(xué)生在閱讀時喜歡在不認(rèn)識的單詞以及不理解的
句子,段落下面劃線或打上標(biāo)記,這是一個不好的習(xí)慣,應(yīng)以摒棄。
加快閱讀速度技巧:
擴(kuò)大視距。要以意群為單位,注重對整句話的理解,擴(kuò)大注視空間。帶問題閱讀:先瀏覽短
文后面的題目,做到心中有數(shù),帶著目的去閱讀,以提高閱讀實(shí)效。
注意:題目中否認(rèn)詞
A
EmmahasjustfinishedtravellingaloneinEurope.Areyouinterestedinherjourney?Let's
readsomeofhertraveldiaries.
41.Emmawaslookingforwardtothistravelbecause.
A.shehadnevertakenatrainridebefore
B.shecoulddoanythingshelikedonthejourney
C.shehopedtokeepherselfawayfromthebusylife
42.Fromthepassage,wecanknowSalzburgisagreatplacefor..
A.enjoyingclassicalmusic
B.buyingchildren'sbooks
C.visitinghistorymuseums
43.InAmsterdam,she
A.climbedthebeautifulmountains
B.traveledalongtheriverinaboat
C.wrotesomepostcardsinherhotel
44.Shedidn'tneedtoworryabouthersafetyinCopenhagenbecause.
A.therewasverylittlecrimethere
B.thecitywasfulloffriendlypeople
C.shethoughtshewascarefulenough.
B
WhenIopenedmye-mailtheotherday,Rachel,aprettywoman,appearedonmy
computerscreen.Shegreetedmebynameandstartedtalkinghappily.Sometimesshestopped
tosmileatmeorblowakiss.Itwascool,right?Infact,shewasreadingtomeane-mailfrom
mybrotherJohn.
RachelcouldbetherebecauseofanewtechnologycalledFacemailletsyousendinafunny
way.Byusingit,youre-mailscanbereadtothereceiverbyanattractivepersonorbya
clown.Youcandownloadthesoftwareatwww.Facemail,comwithoutpaying.Facemailfaces
arelivelyandtheycansimulatetheemotionsthatyouputinyoutext.Forexample,typein?,
andRachelblowsakiss.
LifeFX,thecompanythatdevelopedtheFacemail,issuretherearewidebusinessuses.Why
ise-businessnotsopopularnow?Oneofthereasonsisthatbuyingonlinehasnohuman
touch.ButifyougototheNikewebsite,andthefamousbasketballstarMichaelJordangreets
youbyname,servesyou,andpersonallyclosesthesale,won'tyoubehappy?Also,ifmomcan't
behomewhenkidsgetbackfromschool,shecanleaveanotewithavoiceandpictureonthe
screentotellthemwhatthereistoeat.
It'struethatFacemailmakeslifeeasyandfun,butitshouldbeusedwithcare.Theclown
lookslivelyandfunnyatfirst.Butifyouchoosetheclown,putafewrudewordsinane-mail
andaddsomeangryemotions,you'vegotaPsychomail.
46.Infact,whoisRachel?
A.Sheisaprettyactress.
B.SheisJohn'sgirlfriend.
C.Sheisnotarealperson.
47.WhatisthemainadvantageofFacemail?
A.Youdon'tneedtopayforit.
B.E-mailcanbeattractiveinamorelovelyway.
C.Youcanaskabeautifulwomantoreadthee-mailtoyou.
48.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression"closesthesale"probablymean?
A.停止?fàn)I業(yè)
B.達(dá)成交易
C.取消折扣
49.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.Youshould'tchooseaclown.
B.Facemailcanbewidelyusedinbusiness.
C.MomcanshowherkidshowtocookbyFacemail.
50.Whatisthewriter'sattitude(態(tài)度)towardsFacemail?
A.Hethinksit'sadangertotheInternet.
B.Hethinksitneedsfurtherimprovement.
C.Hethinksit'sacoolandfunnytechnology.
C
Letchildrenlearntojudge(半U斷)theirownwork.Achilddoesn'tlearntotalkbybeing
correctedallthetime.Ifheiscorrectedtoomuch,hewillstoptalking.Henoticesathousand
timesadaythedifferencesbetweenthelanguageheusesandthelanguageothersuse.Littleby
little,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeople's.
Inthesameway,childrenlearntodoalltheotherthingswithoutbeingtaught-towalk,
run,climborrideabicycle.Theycomparetheirperformanceswiththoseofmoreskilledpeople,
andslowlymakethechanges.Butinschoolwenevergiveachildachancetofindouthis
mistakesandcorrectthemhimself.Wedoitallforhim.Wethoughtthathewouldnevernotice
amistakeunlessitwaspointedouttohim,tocorrectitunlesshehasmadeto.Soonhebecomes
dependentontheteacher.Lethimworkoutwiththehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit.
Ifitisamatterinmathorscience,givehimtheanswerbook.Lethimcorrecthisown
papers.Whyshouldweteacherswastetimeonsuchdailywork?Ourjobshouldbetohelpthe
childrenwhentheytellusthathecan'tfindthewaytogettherightanswer.Letthechildren
learnwhatalleducatedpersonsmustlearn,howtomeasure(估量)theirownunderstanding,
howtoknowwhattheyknowordonotknow.
Letthemgetonwiththisjobintheirways.Schoolteachers
canofferhelpiftheyaskforit.Someparentsandteachersareworriedthatthechildrenmight
failtolearnsomethingthattheywillneedtogetintheworld.Don'tworryllfitisimportant,they
willgooutintotheworldandlearnit.
51.Accordingtothepassage,thebestwayforchildrentolearnthingsisby.
A.beingalwayscorrected
B.followingadult'sadvice
C.doingasotherpeopledo
52.Thewriterthinksteachersinschoolshould.
A.encouragestudentstolearnfromeachother
B.teachstudentshowtogettheanswersdirectly
C.tellstudentswhatiswrongasoftenaspossible
53.Theunderlinedsentenceinthethirdparagraphmeans.
A.teacherscan'tcorrectstudents'papers
B.teachersneedn'twastetimeteachingstudentsinclass
C.teachersshouldhelpstudentsimprovetheirlearningability
54.Wecaninfer(推斷)thatfromthepassage.
A.studentscanfaceanychallengeeasily
B.studentscanlearnalotinthereallife
C.studentscangrowupwithoutothers'help
55.Thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe.
A.LetUsTeachersStopWorking
B.LetChildrenLearnbyThemselves
C.LetParentsUnderstandTheirKids.
vn.閱讀理解(二)(每題io分,共2。分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從方框內(nèi)的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空
白處的最正確選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑.
A
Recently,averysimplequestionbecamewidelyspreadonline:whatChinashouldbeproud
of?(61)
Lanlan,whoserealnameisNegarKordi,isfromCanada.ShecametoChinafiveyearsago
andisastudentatNingboUniversity.Nowshehas120,OOOfansontheInternetandthenumber
isstillgrowing.
LanlanlovesChinaandChinese,(62)Andthat'swhysheissowellreceivedamongChinese
netfriends.Thefollowingischinainhereyes.
"Itistheeasiestcountryinwhichtofindajob.Ifyouarenottoolazy,itisreallyverysimple
tofindajobinChina.Ibelievethere'remorejobchancesherethaninanyothercountryinthe
wold."
"(63)About400millionChinesearestudyingEnglish.IftheycanspeakgoodEnglishinthe
future,ChinawillhavethegreatestnumberofEnglishspeakersofanynon-Englishspeaking
country."
"ThespeedofChinesetrainsisfast.FromNingbotoBeijing,thetrainruns1,365kilometers
forsevenhoursandtheticketfareisonly595yuan."
"Itspublicsecurityisgreat,(64)Ihavetravelledinmanycountries,andIthinkChinareally
isverysafe."
"TherearemuchmorethingsChinashouldbeproudof.ManyChinesepeopleoftencriticize
(批評)China.Atfirst,Ibelievedthattheydidn'tlikechinaorthattheylovedwestern
countries.Butlater,IrealizedthattheyjustsetaveryhighstandardforChina.(65)
Chinamustbemuchbetterthanothercountries."
A.Theforeignlanguagelevelissurprising.
B.Thiscountryof1.4billionpeoplemakesmefeelsafe.
C.Aforeigngirllivinginchinagaveaverytouchinganswer.
D.Theybelievethatit'snotenoughtobenumberoneintheworld.
E.Shebelieveschinawillbethestrongestcountryintheworldinfuture.
B
閱讀下面圖文,簡要答復(fù)所給問題,并將答案寫在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上.
Accordingtonewresearch,recently,someterribleeventsthatteacherswereabused(辱
罵)onsomewebsitesbystudentshappenedintheUK.Ithadabadinfluenceonschoolsand
thesociety.TheBritishTeachingUniondidasurveyof7500teachers.Wecangetsome
informationfromthefollowingdata(數(shù)據(jù))andknowhowtheteacherswhowereabuseddealt
withtheproblem.
Youknowteachersareoftendestroyedbytheterribleabuse.Somehavelosttheir
confidencetoteachandhaveleftschool.Thesurveyshowedmanyofthebadcommentsrelated
toteachers'looks,abilitiesandbehaviors.We'vegotanotherdatafromit.ItSHOWSthebad
commentsweremadebynotonlystudentsbuttheirparents.Pleaselookatthefollowingchart.
Itisclearthatweshouldtakesomemethodstoprotectteachersfromtheabuse.Wethink
thatthewaytosolvetheproblemisthebetterunderstandingamongteachers,studentsand
parents.Besidesgoodcommunication,respecting(尊敬)eachotherisveryimportant.Ifso,
theycangetonwellwitheachother.
66.Whatresultdidtheseterribleeventsleadtoaccordingtothepassage?
67.FromChartOne,howdid50%oftheteachersdealwiththeabuse?
68.Whatpercentofthebadcommentsweremadebyparentsintotal?
69.Whatisthewaytosolvetheabuseproblemaccordingtothepassage?
(現(xiàn)
70.Afterreadingthepassage9whatdoyouthinkofthiskindofsocialphenomenon
象)?
VIII.詞語運(yùn)用(每題10分,共10分)請根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容,用方框中所給詞的正確形式填空,
使短文
溫馨提示
- 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
- 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
- 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
- 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
- 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
- 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。
最新文檔
- GB/T 45983.1-2025稀土化學(xué)熱處理第1部分:滲碳及碳氮共滲
- DB52-T 1685-2022 電動汽車充電站(樁)防雷技術(shù)規(guī)范
- 基層采油安全
- 初三化學(xué)化學(xué)用語綜合測試試卷及答案
- 中國農(nóng)業(yè)巨災(zāi)保險模式的探索與創(chuàng)新:基于典型案例的深度剖析
- PARP抑制劑對大鼠腦出血后血腫周圍區(qū)神經(jīng)元死亡影響的實(shí)驗(yàn)探究
- 八年級數(shù)學(xué)軸對稱變換單元試卷及答案
- 導(dǎo)航原理(第3版)課件 第七章2-測距定位-測距差定位-
- 基地安全知識培訓(xùn)內(nèi)容課件記錄
- 新解讀《GB-T 33588.3-2020雷電防護(hù)系統(tǒng)部件(LPSC)第3部分:隔離放電間隙(ISG)的要求》
- 2025年科技咨詢師考試題庫
- 四川省涼山州2024-2025學(xué)年高一下冊期末統(tǒng)一檢測數(shù)學(xué)檢測試卷
- 2025年道路運(yùn)輸兩類人員安全員考試考核試題庫答案
- 2025年歷年醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生衛(wèi)健委面試真題及答案解析
- 心衰病人的觀察與護(hù)理
- 食品安全衛(wèi)生試題及答案
- GB/T 30807-2025建筑用絕熱制品浸泡法測定長期吸水性
- 礦業(yè)公司環(huán)保培訓(xùn)課件
- 駕校項(xiàng)目施工方案
- 李詠梅元音教學(xué)課件
- 2024-2025學(xué)年人教版七年級數(shù)學(xué)(下)期中試卷(考試范圍:第7-9章)(含解析)
評論
0/150
提交評論