狀語從句中的虛擬語氣虛擬語氣在if引導(dǎo)的條件句中的用法三點(diǎn)：從句（條件）主句（目的）表示于現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句If+主語+動詞的過去式（be用were）主語+would(shouldcouldmight)+動詞原型表示與過去事實(shí)相反的擬條件句If+主語+had+動詞的過去分詞主語+would（shouldcouldmight）+have+動詞的過去分詞表示與將來事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句If+主語+should（wereto）+動詞原型/動詞的過去式主語+would（couldshouldmight）+動詞原型混合條件句——主從句時間不一致的情況下的虛擬語氣有時條件從句中的動作與主句中的動作，發(fā)生的時間不一致，這是動作的形式應(yīng)根據(jù)它所表示的時間加以調(diào)整。含蓄條件句有時虛擬條件句并沒用if從句表示出來，而是用介詞短語（otherwise，or，without，butfor）上下文或其他方式來表示。條件暗含在短語中；條件暗含在上下文中；虛擬式變?yōu)榱?xí)慣說法，很難找出其暗含的條件。條件從句中省略if采用倒裝語序的情況在if引導(dǎo)的表示虛擬的條件狀語從句中，有時可以把虛擬條件中的連詞if省去，而將had，should，were等助動詞提到主語之前。例：原句：Ifshewereyounger,she,woulddoit.去if：Weresheyounger,she,woulddoit.虛擬語氣在asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句中1.表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在情況有懷疑，謂語動詞用過去式。2.表示與過去事實(shí)相反，謂語動詞用過去完成時。3．表示與將來事實(shí)相反注意：1.在asif/asthough句中，如果有可能成為事實(shí)，用陳述語氣。例：Helooksasifhegoingtobeill.2.asthough或asif引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，從句主語和主句主語相同時，從句中可省略主語和部分謂語。虛擬語氣用在lest，forfearthat，sothat及inorderthat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中表示“以防，以免”等意思謂語動詞多用should/could/might+動詞原型構(gòu)成由“providing（that）/provided（that）/onconditionthat/suppose（that）/supposing（that）”引導(dǎo)的條件從句根據(jù)情況，1.可以用虛擬語氣。例：suppose/supposingthatitrained,weshouldn’tgoout.2.也可以用陳述語氣。例：Theyarewillingtosurrenderprovidedtheyaregivenfreepardon..“Incase”引導(dǎo)的從句中即可用陳述句，也可以用虛擬語氣（should）+動詞原型例：1.Thegamewillbeputoffincaseit(should)snow.2.Thegamewillbeputoffincaseitsnows.名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣一：賓語從句中的虛擬語氣1.在動詞wish/holp后的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬：從句謂語動詞用過去式或過去進(jìn)行式。對過去情況的虛擬：從句謂語動詞用過去完成時，或would，could，might+現(xiàn)在完成時。對將來情況的虛擬：從句謂語“would/should/could/might+動詞原形”。在表示建議，命令，要求，忠告，等動詞的后面的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣均以“should+動詞原型”表示這種語氣，“should”常被省略。常用的此類動詞有：表示“提議，勸告，建議”的：propose,suggest,recommend,advise.表示“要求”的：ask,desire,request,demand,require,beg表示“同意，堅持”的：insist表示“決定，命令”的：decide,order注意：suggest,insist不表示建議或堅持要某人做某事時，即它們用于其本意暗示，表明，堅持認(rèn)為時，賓語從句用陳述語氣。6.Itisimportantthatyou___sportseveryday.

A.have B.wouldhave C.musthave D.willhave

7.Iftherewerenowaterintheworld,everything___.

A.willdie B.woulddieC.wouldhavediedD.wouldhavebeendead

8.___whatwasgoingtohappen,Iwouldneverhaveleftheralone.

A.HadIknown B.IfIknow C.IfIknew D.IfhadIknown

9.Heorderedthatthework___rightaway.

A.shouldfinish B.finished C.wouldbefinished D.befinished

10.—Shallwegotothemovietonight?

—No,I'drather___athomewithourbaby.You'dbetternotleaveittothebabysitteratnight.

A.youstayed B.youstay C.stayed D.stay

11.___inyourposition,Iwouldhelphim.

A.WasI B.WereI C.IfIam D.IfIhadbeen

12.I___,butIwasstoppedbytheheavyrain.

A.meantocomeB.meanttocome C.hadmeanttocome D.meantcoming

13.MrsBlackinsists___inthatoldhotel.

A.nottostay B.notstaying C.stayingnot D.thatshenotstay

14.Ifyouhadspokenclearly,youwould___.

A.understandit B.haveunderstood C.beunderstood D.havebeenunderstood

15.Ifyou___thatlatemovielastnight,youwouldn'tbesosleepy.

A.haven'twatchedB.hadn'twatched C.didn'twatch D.wouldn'thavewatched二、用括號中所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1.If

you

(arrive)

ten

minutes

earlier,

you

could

have

seen

them

off.

2.It's

time

that

we

(go)

to

the

railway

station.

3.If

they

(not

help)

us

,our

experiment

would

have

failed.

4.You're

five

minutes

late.I

suggested

that

you

(come

)earlier

tomorrow.

5.Mather

often

tells

us

that

it

is

necessary

that

we

(drink)

a

glass

of

water

after

we

get

up.

6.She

insisted

that

she

(send)

to

work

in

the

faraway

small

town.

7._________I

not

(forget)

his

telephone

number,

I

would

have

rung

him.

8.

He

is

busy

now.

If

he

(be)

free,