第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2022-2023學(xué)年廣東省汕尾市陸豐市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高二（下）月考英語試卷（3月份）A閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Boys'LifeHeadlinersThomasMcWithey

Age：19

Hometown：Yorktown，Virginia

ScoutRank：EagleScout（Troop306，Yorktown）

MadeHeadlines：ForbeinghonoredattheU.S.DepartmentoftheInteriorwiththe2018GeorgeandHelenHartzogAwardforOutstandingVolunteerService，inwhichThomasreceivedtheYouthVolunteerAward.ForhisEagleScoutproject，Thomasledhistroopintheconstructionandinstallation（安裝）of15bluebirdnestboxesatthepark，totalingmorethan150volunteerhours.

ChaseEnglehart

Age：15

Hometown：Lafayette，California

ScoutRank：StarScout（Troop200，Lafayette）

MadeHeadlines：Forwinningthe2019ElToroNorthAmericanChampionshipinKaneohe，Hawaii，inthejuniordivision.ChasesailsfortheRichmondYachtClubinPointRichmond，California.Itwasthefirsttimein22yearsthatamainlanderwonthechampionship.

HayesEtue

Age：10

Hometown：Nashville，Tennessee

ScoutRank：BearScout（Pack555，Nashville）

MadeHeadlines：Byplacingthirdinhisagebracket（年齡組）atthe2019HEAT（HendersonvilleEnduranceAthleticTeam）KidsTriathlonJuniorRace.Theraceinvolveda50-yardpoolswim，2?milebikerideand1-milerun.

DylanPowers

Age：19

Hometown：Wrentham，Massachusetts

ScoutRank：EagleScout（Troop13，Wrentham）

MadeHeadlines：ForwinningtheIntegratedMarketingCampaign—Servicecompetitionatthe2019DECAInternationalCareerDevelopmentConference，alongwithpartnerAnthonyBozza.DECAworkswithstudentstoprepareforcareersinmarketing，financeandmanagement.

AlinaMorse

Age：14

Hometown：Detroit，Michigan

MadeHeadlines：AstheyoungestchiefexecutiveofficertobenamedtotheInc.5000（America'smostsuccessfulcompanies），aswellastheyoungestpersontobefeaturedonthecoverofEntrepreneurmagazine.AlinahasalsospokenattheNewYorkStockExchange，doneaTEDTalkandmuchmore.1.Whospentalotoftimeservingasavolunteer？______A.ThomasMcWithey. B.ChaseEnglehart.

C.DylanPowers. D.HayesEtue.2.WhatisspecialaboutChaseEnglehart？______A.Hespecializesinmarketing.

B.Heswam，cycledandranintherace.

C.Hetookpartinasailingcompetition.

D.Heistheyoungestwinnerofthecompetition.3.WhatmadeAlinaMorseaheadliner？______A.Hergreatsailingskills.

B.Herhighscoresintherace.

C.Herbusinessachievements.

D.Hercontributionstotheenvironment.BFireworksareexciting，butalsohardtocontrol．TheChineseartistCaiGuoqiang，though，hasdevelopedawaytoharnessthevisualandphysicalpoweroffireworkstomakeartHerecentlyusedthemtocreateaburningsculpturethatstretchedhighintothesky．GuoqiangfittinglynamedtheworkSkyLadder．

GuoqiangbuiltSkyLadderbymakingaframeoutofmetal．Hecoatedtheframewithgunpowder，themainchemicalmaterialinfireworks．

Theartisttriedoneendoftheframetothegroundandattachedalargeweatherballoontotheotherend．Theballoonwasfilledwithhelium一agasthatislighterthanair．Whenreleased，theballoonfloatedupward，pullingthetopoftheladder500metersintothesky．That'shigherthanthetopoftheEmpireStateBuilding．

Guoqiangsetfiretothebottomoftheladder，andthecrackling（啪啪作響）flamesracedskywarduptheframe．Thesculptureburnedfortwo-and-a-halfminutesbeforeitsflamesbegantodieoutfromthebottomup．

Dealingwithexplosive（炸藥）ischallenging，andconditionshadtobeperfectforGuoqiangtoachievehisdesiredeffect．HefirstattemptedSkyLadderin1994，butbadweatherpreventedhimfromsuccessfullycompletingthework．GuoqiangputSkyLadderasidesothathecouldworkonotherprojects，perhapsmostfamouslythefireworksdisplaythatopenedthe2008BeijingOlympicGames．

Finally，aftertwomorefailedattempts，Guoqiangsuccessfullysenthisflamingladderskywardlastyear．HepresentedSkyLadderinhishometown，aquietfishingvillagenearHuiyuIsland，Quanzhou．Heofferedtheworkasagifttohis100-year-oldgrandmother，otherfamilymembers，hisfriendsandhistown．

"BehindSkyLadderliesaclearchildhooddreamofmine，"Guoqiangexplains．"Despitealllife'stwistsandturns，Ihavealwaysbeendeterminedtorealizeit．Theladderrosetowardthemorningsun，carryinghope．Forme，thisnotonlymeansareturn，butalsothestartofanewjourney．"4.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"harness"inParagraph1？______A.controlanduse B.findandcollect

C.saveanddevelop D.countandproduce．5.WhatcanwelearnabouttheworkSkyLadderCaiGuoqiangbuiltlastyear？______A.Itprovedtobeafailure．

B.Itcouldflyfreeinthesky．

C.Itkeptburningfor2.5minutes．

D.Itwassentskywardintheevening．6.WhendidCaiGuoqiangfirstimaginealadderoffire？______A.Whenhewasayoungboy．

B.WhenhesawtheEmpireStateBuilding．

C.Whenthe2008BeijingOlympicGamesopened．

D.Whenhisgrandmotherhadher100thbirthday．7.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext？______A.Livingwithhope B.Abirthdaygift

C.Burningman D.ArtonfireCGreenhousegasemissionswouldriseifallfarmsinEnglandandWaleswentorganic.Thoughtheemissionsofeachfarmwouldgodown，muchmorefoodwouldhavetobeimported，astheamounttheywouldproducewoulddecreasegreatly.

"Thekeymessagefrommyperspectiveisthatyoucan'treallyhaveyourcakeandeatit，"saysLaurenceSmith，nowattheRoyalAgriculturalUniversityintheUK，whowaspartoftheteamthatranthenumbers.Smithisasupporteroforganicfarmingandsays"therearealotofoftheorganicapproach"，buthisanalysisshowsthatorganicfarminghasdownsidestoo.

Farmingandchangesinlanduse，suchascuttingdownforests，areresponsibleforathirdofallgreenhousegasemissions.Thatmeansreducingfarmingemissionsandthelandneededforfarmingisrequiredtolimitfurtherglobalwarming.

Smithandhiscolleaguesfoundthatemissionsperunitoffoodare，onaverage，20percentlowerfororganiccropsand4percentlowerfororganicanimalproducts.However，organicharvestsperhectare（公頃）arealsoloweronaverage.Forwheatandbarley，forinstance，harvestsarejusthalfofthoseofconventionalfarms.Thismeans1.5timesasmuchlandwouldbeneededtogrowthesameamountofthesefoods.

Theestimatedincreaseinemissionsvariesgreatly，dependingonwheretheextrafarmlandcomesfrom.Ifonlyhalfcomesfromturninggrasslandintofarms，theincreasecouldbeaslowas20percent.Ifgrasslandthatwouldotherwisehavebeenreforestedisturnedintofarmland，emissionscouldnearlydouble.

Thisdoesn'tnecessarilymeanpeopleshouldstopeatingorganicproduce，saysSmith.Peoplemightchooseorganicfoodforotherreasons，suchastoreducetheirpesticideexposure（thoughcontrarytopopularbelief，organicfarmersdousepesticides）orforthesakeofwildlife.

Going100percentorganiccouldalsoharmglobalbiodiversity.Theextralandusedforfarmingwouldmeanthelandavailableforwildlifewouldbesmallerandmorefragmented（碎片化的）.

Smithsaysthebestoptionmaybetousesomeorganicandconventionalfarmingmethodsatthesametime.8.Whymaygreenhousegasemissionsincreaseifacountrygoesorganic？______A.Organicfarmstakelongertobuild.

B.Theagriculturaloutputwillincreasegreatly.

C.Theemissionsofeachfarmunitwillincrease.

D.Greaterdemandforimportedfoodwillbecreated.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"merits"inParagraph2probablymean？______A.Changes. B.Challenges. C.Advantages. D.Differences.10.WhatdidSmithandhiscolleaguesfind？______A.Organicharvestsperunitaregreaterthantraditionalharvests.

B.Organicfarmingneedsmorefarmlandtofeedacountry.

C.Globalwarmingcouldbebroughtundercontrol.

D.Landwasnotusedinaresponsibleway.11.WhatisSmith'sproposal？______A.Stoppingusingpesticides.

B.Eatinglessorganicproduce.

C.Goingbacktotraditionalfarming.

D.Adoptingmixedfarmingmethods.DPieterBruegel'siconic1565paintingTheHarvestershangsattheMetropolitanMuseumofArt.Theworkshowedpeopleharvestingwheatnearlyastallastheywere."nowadays，however，ifyouwalkthroughawheatfield，youbasicallyseethatwheatisaboutknee-height.Thereducedheightisessentiallyaconsequenceofbreeding（培育）alongwithgenesforincreasingproductiontofeedagrowingpopulation，"biologistDeSmetexplained.

DeSmetsayswheatisjustoneexampleofhowhistoricalartworkcanallowustotrackthetransformationoffoodcropsovertime.HeteamedupwitharthistorianVergauwen，afriendsincechildhood，todocumentsuchartworkaroundtheworld.Theyhavebeenmainlylookingatthingswheretheycanspotchangesinshape，colorandsize.

TheirinterestinplantsinartworkbeganwithavisittotheHermitageMuseum，wheretheynoticedanodd-lookingwatermeloninanearly-17th-centurypainting.Itappearedtobepaleandwhiteontheinside.BiologistDeSmetassumedthepainterhaddoneapoorjob.ButarthistorianVergauwenhadadifferentidea."No，thisisoneofthebestpainterseverfromthatera.Soifhepainteditlikethat，that'sthewayitmusthavelookedlike，"heexplained.

Otherpaintingsrevealedthatbothredandwhitewatermelonsweregrownduringthe17thcentury."Withallthegeneticknowledgewenowhave，wecanlookinmoredetailhowsomethingcomesabout，"DeSmetsaid."Forexample，untilthe18thcentury，Europeanstrawberriesappearedtinyinpaintings-theythengrewinsizeastheywerecrossbredwithNorthAmericanvarieties."

Ultimately，theteamhopestocreateanonlineresearchdatabaseofhistoricalplantartwork.Theyseekthecontributionsofartenthusiastsaroundtheworldviathesocialmedia."However，"Vergauwenreminds，"ifyou'regoingtouse，forexample，Picassototryandunderstandhowapearlookedintheearly20thcentury，youmightbemisled."12.WhatcanwelearnaboutthepaintingTheHarvesters？______A.Itshowshowpeoplesuccessfullygrewwheat.

B.Itprovesthatwheatwasmuchshorterinthepast.

C.Itexplainstheconsequenceofdifferentbreedingmethods.

D.Itgivescluesabouthowwheatinthe16thcenturylookedlike.13.Whatinspiredtheresearchteamtostarttheirstudy？______A.Theirpreferenceforfoodcrops.

B.Theirfriendshipsincechildhood.

C.Theirdividedviewsonanoldpainting.

D.TheirsharedinterestinHermitageMuseum.14.WhatisthemessagefromVergauweninthelastparagraph？______A.Artenthusiastsarenotcarefulenough.

B.Abstractpaintingsoftenmisleadpeople.

C.Thesourcepaintingsneedtoberealistic.

D.Picasso'spaintingsarehardtounderstand.15.Whatisthepurposeofthetext？______A.Tocommentonhistoricalplantpaintings.

B.Totellinterestingstoriesbehindplantartwork.

C.Toinformreadersofascientificbreakthrough.

D.Tointroduceastudyonfoodcroptransformation.閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Whenhewasfourteen，hisambitionwastorunapub，justlikehisdad.（1）______Withachainofrestaurants，anumberofpopulartelevisionseriesandbest-sellingcookerybooks，JamieOliverisawell-knownnameineveryUKhousehold.I'mahuge"Jamiefan".Iadmirehispassionforimprovingthefoodweeatandhelpingpeoplechangetheirlives.

（2）______Hetookfifteenunemployedyoungpeople，withnopreviousexperienceofcooking，andtrainedthemtobetop-classchefs（廚師）inhisrestaurant，alsocalledFifteen.Irememberonetrainee，LloydHayes.Heleftschoolwithnoqualificationsandstartedgettingintocrime.（3）______Ithinkit'sthiskindofsuccessstorythatmakesJamieandhisprojectssospecial.

AnotherspecialprojectisJamie'sMinistryofFoodwhichhestartedin2008.Therearetwoaims：firstly，toteachpeoplehowtocookhealthy，affordablefoodinsteadofeatingfastfood；secondly，tosetupthePassItOnscheme：encouragingeachpersontopassonarecipetheylearnedtofourotherpeople.（4）______Thousandsofpeoplehavechangedtheircookinghabitsasaresult-andI'moneofthem.I'vedecidedI'mnotgoingtoeatfastfoodanymore.

It'snotonlyadults，butchildren，too.Jamie'sSchoolDinners，oneofJamie'sbest-knownprojects，triedtoimprovefoodinschoolsandencouragechildrentoeatwell.Itwasdifficulttoconvincesomeofthechildren，butintheend，manyschoolsimprovedtheirmenus.（5）______

So，what'sJamiegoingtodonext？Well，whateveritis，onethingisforsure，I'mnotgoingtomissit!

A.Iheardrecentlythatsheisgoingtoteachpeopletocook.

B.Andmychildrenaregoingtoeattheirvegetablesnow.

C.Jamie'sfirstproject，F(xiàn)ifteen，in2002，aimedtohelpyoungpeople.

D.I'mgoingtocookformyfriendsandtaketimetoeatgoodfood.

E.Thosefourpeoplethenteachfourmorepeople，andsoon.

F.ButtheprojectworkedandLloydgotajobasachefinatoprestaurant.

G.Butinthelasttwentyyears，chefJamieOliverhasachievedfarmore.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.GOnacoldafternooninJanuary2015，YeseniaDiosdado，11，gotoffaschoolbusinLenexa，Kansas，neartheapartmentbuildingwheresheliveswithherfamily.Whenthe（1）______pulledaway，Yeseniasawpoliceandemergencyworkersattendingto（2）______ofathree-caraccidentthathadhappenedatabusycrossroadsnearby.Yesenia（3）______asmallcrowdofonlookersacrossthestreet.

Shenoticedthata（n）（4）______womanwastryingto（5）______withanEmergencyMedicalServiceworkerusingsignlanguage，buthecouldn'tunderstandher."Iheardhim（6）______aninterpreter（翻譯員），"Yeseniasays.

Sheranovertotheparamedic（護(hù)理人員）to（7）______—hermother，aformersignlanguageinterpreter，had（8）______herandhersistershowto（9）______（nooneinthefamilyishearing-impaired）.

"Shesaid，'Isign.CanIhelp？'"saysEMScaptainChrisWinger."Iwas（10）______."

Yeseniawasableto（11）______totheemergencyworkerthatthewoman'sneckwasinjuredandtellthemthenameofthelocalhospitalshepreferred."Shelookedreally（12）______，"saysYesenia."I'mproudthatIgottodosomethingtohelp."

Whenhermother，SusanMilidore，36，heardaboutYesenia'sbraveactions，shewasn'tsurprised."It'sinher（13）______tohelp，"saysSusan."Iwasimpressedthatsherecognizedthe（14）______ofthesituationandtookcharge.Mostadultswouldn'thavedonethat."

Afewweekslater，paramedics（15）______Yeseniawithagoldcoinandacertificate（證書）ofappreciationatherelementaryschool.

"Mymomalwayssaysthatyouneverknowwhensignlanguagemightcomeinhandy，"saysYesenia."Thatday，itdid."21.

A.bus B.car C.train D.ambulance22.

A.students B.passersby C.crowds D.victims23.

A.visited B.joined C.passed D.interviewed24.

A.lost B.kind C.injured D.attractive25.

A.argue B.discuss C.compete D.communicate26.

A.callon B.askfor C.replyto D.lookinto27.

A.help B.greet C.watch D.wait28.

A.missed B.written C.taught D.recorded29.

A.share B.sign C.speak D.hear30.

A.encouraged B.troubled C.surprised D.frightened31.

A.listen B.turn C.explain D.announce32.

A.hurt B.calm C.busy D.sleepy33.

A.duty B.nature C.interest D.dream34.

A.purpose B.advantage C.importance D.seriousness35.

A.provided B.confused C.presented D.compared36.閱讀下面材料，在空白處填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Manypeople（1）______（use）toconsiderarttobepaintingsoffieldswithflowers，portraits（肖像）ofold-fashionedmenintophats，orpicturesofbowlsoffruit.However，arthaschanged（2）______（great）inthelastcentury.Now，computergameartandgraffiti（涂鴉）（3）______（accept）astypesofartforms，too.Thereare（4）______（exhibition）ofthesecontemporarytypesofartinfamousartgalleries.Let'sdiscoversomefamouscontemporaryartists.

DamienHirstisanEnglishartist.HebecamefamousafterattendingGoldsmithsUniversityinLondon，andwasverypopularinthe1990s.Hehasusedalotofdeadanimalsinhiswork，（5）______（include）deadsharks，sheepandcows.Heisfamousforhisdiamond-coveredskull，（6）______wasshowninanartgalleryforalimitedamountoftime.

MarcelDuchamp，aFrench-Americanpainterandsculptor，isconsideredoneof（7）______mostimportantartistsofthe20thcenturyashehasinfluencedmanyartists.Hechangedwhatwasthe"normal"ideaintheartworld.Perhapshisbest（8）______（know）pieceofworkissimplyamen'surinal（小便池）thathedecidedtolabelasart.

WilliamEgglestonisanAmericanphotographerwhomademoderncolourphotographyacceptable（9）______anartform.Beforehim，blackandwhitephotographywasmuch（10）______（popular）.Eggleston'sphotographsarevery"American".Theycontainlotsofimagesof"Coca-Cola，NoParkingsignsandpalmtrees".(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)37.Yourdreamisnot______（現(xiàn)實(shí)的）.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）38.Hehasacquireda______（名聲）fordishonesty.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）39.Theticketwill______（保證）youfreeentry.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）40.Thescientistdeserves______（承認(rèn)）forhistalent.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）41.Scientistshaveafairly______（消極的）attitudetothetheory.42.Don't______（打擾）mewhenIamworking.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）43.Thelongsleephad______（使恢復(fù)精力）her.44.Developmenthasbeenguidedbyaconcernforthe______（生態(tài)）ofthearea.45.Ifelt______（頭暈?zāi)垦５模﹚henIdidn'tsleepwell.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）46.Chinaisthefirstcountryintheworldtomakeagarbage-sorting______.（政策）（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）47.We'vetalkedrecentlyabouttheimportanceof______（可持續(xù)的）energy.48.Wehavea______（和睦的）family.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）49.Helovessciencefictionin______（尤其，特別）.50.Studentspreferto______（依靠）peerstorelievestressandanxiety.（根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子）51.I'vedecidedto______（剃掉）mybeard.52.______（代表）ofthedepartmentIwouldliketothankyouall.（根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子）53.Thenwhatiscausingtheincreaseintheglobalaveragesurfacetemperature？Climatescientistsoftenmentionakeyclimateprocess（1）______（call）the"greenhouseeffect"，whichhastwocommonmeanings：the"natural"greenhouseeffect（2）______the"man-made"greenhouseeffect.The"natural"greenhouseeffectreferstothefact（3）______heatfromthesunenterstheatmosphereandwarmsEarth'ssurfaceasshort-waveradiation.Theheat（4）______（release）backintospaceatlongerwavelengths.Greenhousegasesintheatmosphere，suchasmethaneandcarbondioxidetrapsomeoftheheat，（5）______（keep）Earth'sclimatewarmandhabitable.（6）______thisprocess，Earthcouldnotsustainlife.However，the"man-made"greenhouseeffecthasnowbecome（7）______bigproblem.Whenpeopleproducehugeamountsofextragreenhousegasesbyburningfossil（8）______（fuel），moreheatenergyistrappedintheatmosphereand（9）______（cause）Earth'ssurfacetemperaturetorise（10）______（quick）.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)54.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Iranafterthetrain，shouting，"Heymister，can'tyouseeme？"Itwashopeless，asnoconductorisgoingtoslowdownfora60-year-oldmanwhogottothestationseveralminuteslate.Theyabsolutelydidn'tknowhowimportantthatday，thattrainridewastome!Iwasonmywaytoaninterviewforwhatcouldhavebeentheopportunityofalifetime.

Ithrewbothmyhatandmyartcasedownindepression，andsatdownonthenearestchair，wiping（擦掉）thesweatfrommyfaceandbreathingheavily.Iwouldhavetowaitawholedayforthenexttrain，andbythenmyappointmentwiththegalleryownerwouldhavegivenuponme.Perhapsitwasforthebest.Itwas，afterall，thefirsttimein40yearsanyonehadshownsuchaninterestinmyart.Maybeifthegalleryownerhadseenallmypaintings，hewouldhavechangedhismindaboutofferingmespaceonhiswalls.

Disappointmentfilledmysoul.ShouldIdialthegalleryandgetaninterviewonadifferentday？ButPierreGianniwastheownerofthemostwell-knowngalleryinNewYorkCity.Whywouldhegiveararesecondchancetoanelderlynobodywhenhehadthenewest，coolestyoungartiststochoosefrom？

Cometothinkofit，perhapstheseinsecuritiesweretheveryreasonIhadneverbeenofferedashowbefore.Iwastooafraidtotry.Ifoundcountlessexcusesnottooffermyworkuptobeseenandperhapscriticized.ItoldmyselfitwouldhurttoomuchifIfailed，butthetruthwasthatIhadnevertried.

Finally，Igatheredallmycouragetodialthegallery，onlytofindmyantiquecellphonehadbrokendown.ItwasattheverymomentthatIwasintotaldespairanddecidedtogohome.

注意：

（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

SuddenlyIfeltatouchonmyshoulder.

_______

ThenextmorningIgottothegalleryontime.

_______

答案和解析1~3.【答案】A、C、C【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThomasMcWithey部分中ForhisEagleScoutproject，Thomasledhistroopintheconstructionandinstallationof15bluebirdnestboxesatthepark，totalingmorethan150volunteerhours.（在他的鷹級童子軍項(xiàng)目中，托馬斯帶領(lǐng)他的隊(duì)伍在公園里建造和安裝了15個(gè)藍(lán)鳥巢箱，總計(jì)超過150個(gè)小時(shí)的志愿者工作）可知，ThomasMcWithey花了很多時(shí)間做志愿者。故選A。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ChaseEnglehart部分中Itwasthefirsttimein22yearsthatamainlanderwonthechampionship.（這是22年來大陸選手第一次獲得冠軍）可知，ChaseEnglehart參加了帆船運(yùn)動比賽。故選C。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)AlinaMorse部分中MadeHeadlines：AstheyoungestchiefexecutiveofficertobenamedtotheInc.5000（America'smostsuccessfulcompanies），aswellastheyoungestpersontobefeaturedonthecoverofEntrepreneurmagazine.AlinahasalsospokenattheNewYorkStockExchange，doneaTEDTalkandmuchmore.（頭條新聞：作為美國最成功的5000家公司中最年輕的首席執(zhí)行官，同時(shí)也是最年輕的登上《企業(yè)家》雜志封面的人。愛麗娜還在紐約證券交易所做過演講，做過TED演講，還有很多其他的）可知，AlinaMorse榮登雜志頭條憑借的是其卓越的商業(yè)成就。故選C。

本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了五名登上Boys'Life雜志頭條的青少年。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

4~7.【答案】A、C、A、D【解析】本文主要講述了關(guān)于煙花藝術(shù)，具體講述了中國藝術(shù)家蔡國強(qiáng)發(fā)明"天梯"的故事．

考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進(jìn)行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí)，要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．

1.

A．詞義猜測題．根據(jù)第一段TheChineseartistCaiGuoqiang，though，hasdevelopedawaytoharnessthevisualandphysicalpoweroffireworkstomakeartHerecentlyusedthemtocreateaburningsculpturethatstretchedhighintothesky．可知盡管如此，中國藝術(shù)家蔡國強(qiáng)已經(jīng)開發(fā)出一種方法，利用煙花的視覺和物理力量來制作藝術(shù)，他最近用它們來制作一個(gè)高高伸入天空的燃燒雕塑．harness意為"控制和使用"，故選A．

2.

C．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第四段Thesculptureburnedfortwo-and-a-halfminutesbeforeitsflamesbegantodieoutfromthebottomup．可知這座雕塑燃燒了兩分鐘半后，火焰開始從底部向上熄滅．由此可見，蔡國強(qiáng)去年建造的"天梯"是為了持續(xù)燃燒2.5分鐘．故選C．

3.

A．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)最后一段"BehindSkyLadderliesaclearchildhooddreamofmine，"Guoqiangexplains．可知國強(qiáng)解釋說："天梯后面有一個(gè)我童年時(shí)的清晰夢想．"由此可見，蔡國強(qiáng)小時(shí)候第一次想到的是一個(gè)火梯．故選C．

4.

D．主旨大意題．根據(jù)整篇文章可知，本文主要講述了關(guān)于煙花藝術(shù)的故事．文章具體講述了中國藝術(shù)家蔡國強(qiáng)發(fā)明"天梯"的故事．故選D．

8~11.【答案】D、C、B、D【解析】（1）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段GreenhousegasemissionswouldriseifallfarmsinEnglandandWaleswentorganic.Thoughtheemissionsofeachfarmwouldgodown，muchmorefoodwouldhavetobeimported，astheamounttheywouldproducewoulddecreasegreatly.（如果英格蘭和威爾士的所有農(nóng)場都采用有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)，溫室氣體排放量將會增加。雖然每個(gè)農(nóng)場的排放量都會下降，但必須進(jìn)口更多的糧食，因?yàn)樗鼈兊漠a(chǎn)量將大大減少。）可知，農(nóng)場變得有機(jī)化，溫室氣體排放量就會增加，這樣會導(dǎo)致食物進(jìn)口的需求大幅增加，故選D。

（2）C.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段

"there

are

a

lot

of

of

the

organic

approach"，but

his

analysis

shows

that

organic

farming

has

downsides

too.

（有機(jī)方法有很多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但是他的分析表明有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)也有缺點(diǎn)。）可知，but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，前后兩句意義相反。前句表示有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)有缺點(diǎn)，故推知前句表示有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)有優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故merits的意思是"優(yōu)點(diǎn)"，A.Changes改變；B.Challenges挑戰(zhàn)；C.Advantages優(yōu)點(diǎn)；D.Differences不同。故選C。

（3）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段However，organicharvestsperhectare（公頃）arealsoloweronaverage.Forwheatandbarley，forinstance，harvestsarejusthalfofthoseofconventionalfarms.Thismeans1.5timesasmuchlandwouldbeneededtogrowthesameamountofthesefoods.（然而，平均每公頃的有機(jī)收成也較低。例如，對于小麥和大麥，收成僅為傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)場的一半。這意味著種植相同數(shù)量的這些有機(jī)食物需要1.5倍的土地。）可知，史密斯和同事們發(fā)現(xiàn)：相比傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)，有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)需要更多的農(nóng)田和土地來養(yǎng)活一個(gè)國家，故選B。

（4）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Smithsaysthebestoptionmaybetousesomeorganicandconventionalfarmingmethodsatthesametime.（史密斯說最好的選擇可能是同時(shí)使用一些有機(jī)和傳統(tǒng)的耕作方法。）可知，史密斯的提議是：同時(shí)使用一些有機(jī)和傳統(tǒng)的耕作方法混合耕作法，故選D。

這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)及其優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。做題時(shí)要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

12~15.【答案】D、C、B、D【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中The

work

showed

people

harvesting

wheat

nearly

as

tall

as

they

were.（研究顯示，收割小麥的人幾乎和它們的身高一樣高。）此處的they指的是小麥，可知《收割者》這幅畫讓了解到它為16世紀(jì)小麥的樣子。故選D。

（2）推理判斷題。由文章第三段中Biologist

De

Smet

assumed

the

painter

had

done

a

poor

job.But

art

historian

Vergauwen

had

a

different

idea.

"No，this

is

one

of

the

best

painters

ever

from

that

era.So

if

he

painted

it

like

that，that's

the

way

it

must

have

looked

like，"

he

explained."（生物學(xué)家De

Smet認(rèn)為畫家畫得不好。但藝術(shù)史學(xué)家Vergauwen卻有不同的看法。"不，這是那個(gè)時(shí)代最好的畫家之一。所以如果他把它畫成那樣，那它肯定就是這樣的。"他解釋道。）可知他們對一幅古畫有不同的看法激發(fā)了研究團(tuán)隊(duì)開始他們的研究。故選C。

（3）段落大意題。由文章最后一段Ultimately，the

team

hopes

to

create

an

online

research

database

of

historical

plant

artwork.They

seek

the

contributions

of

art

enthusiasts

around

the

world

via

the

social

media.

"However，"

Vergauwen

reminds，

"if

you're

going

to

use，for

example，Picasso

to

try

and

understand

how

a

pear

looked

in

the

early

20th

century，you

might

be

misled."（最終，該團(tuán)隊(duì)希望創(chuàng)建一個(gè)歷史植物藝術(shù)品的在線研究數(shù)據(jù)庫。他們通過社交媒體尋求世界各地藝術(shù)愛好者的貢獻(xiàn)。"然而，"韋高文提醒說，"如果你試圖用畢加索的作品來理解20世紀(jì)初梨子的樣子，你可能會被誤導(dǎo)。"）可知在最后一段中Vergauwen傳達(dá)了抽象畫常常誤導(dǎo)人的信息。故選B。

（4）目的意圖題。由文章文章大意以及第二段中De

Smet

says

wheat

is

just

one

example

of

how

historical

artwork

can

allow

us

to

track

the

transformation

of

food

crops

over

time."（De

Smet說，小麥只是歷史藝術(shù)品如何讓我們追蹤糧食作物隨時(shí)間變化的一個(gè)例子。）和最后一段中Ultimately，the

team

hopes

to

create

an

online

research

database

of

historical

plant

artwork.They

seek

the

contributions

of

art

enthusiasts

around

the

world

via

the

social

media.（最終，該團(tuán)隊(duì)希望創(chuàng)建一個(gè)歷史植物藝術(shù)品的在線研究數(shù)據(jù)庫。他們通過社交媒體尋求世界各地藝術(shù)愛好者的貢獻(xiàn)。）可知這篇文章的目的是介紹糧食作物變化研究。故選D。

這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了古藝術(shù)品能夠傳遞一定的農(nóng)業(yè)信息，為農(nóng)作物變化的研究提供線索。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意，因?yàn)殚喿x理解題一般沒有標(biāo)題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應(yīng)盡可能多地捕獲信息材料；其次細(xì)讀題材，各個(gè)擊破，掌握全文的大意之后，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀每篇材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息，要善于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時(shí)，要有較強(qiáng)的針對性，對于捕獲到的信息，要做認(rèn)真分析，仔細(xì)推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對題目要求，才能做到穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)。

16~20.【答案】G、C、F、E、B【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文When

he

was

fourteen，his

ambition

was

to

run

a

pub，just

like

his

dad（當(dāng)他十四歲的時(shí)候，他的志向是經(jīng)營一家酒吧，就像他的父親一樣）；以及后文With

a

chain

of

restaurants，a

number

of

popular

television

series

and

best-selling

cookery

books，Jamie

Oliver

is

a

well-known

name

in

every

UK

household（杰米?奧利弗擁有一家連鎖餐廳、一系列受歡迎的電視劇和暢銷烹飪書籍，在英國的每個(gè)家庭都是家喻戶曉的名字），可知表示"但在過去的二十年里，廚師杰米?奧利弗取得了更大的成就"的選項(xiàng)G可以起到承上啟下的作用，故選G。

（2）主題判斷題。根據(jù)后文He

took

fifteen

unemployed

young

people，with

no

previous

experience

of

cooking，and

trained

them

to

be

top-class

chefs（廚師）in

his

restaurant，also

called

Fifteen（招募了15名沒有烹飪經(jīng)驗(yàn)的失業(yè)青年，并將他們培養(yǎng)成頂級廚師，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目被稱作"十五"），可知表示"杰米2002年的第一個(gè)項(xiàng)目"十五"旨在幫助年輕人"的選項(xiàng)C符合本段的主題--稱作"十五"的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，故選C。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文He

left

school

with

no

qualifications

a