上海市部分區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期二模英語試卷分類匯編概要寫作專題2023屆上海市崇明區(qū)高三下學(xué)期二模英語試卷IV.SummaryWritingDirections:

Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

71.TheDunning-KrugerEffectIn1999,socialpsychologistsDavidDunningandJustinKrugerdidaseriesofstudiesevaluatingpeople’scompetenceincertainareas.Thepeopleinthestudieswerealsoaskedtoevaluatetheirownabilitiesineacharea.DunningandKrugerfoundthatpeoplewhoscoredverylowonthetesttendedtooverestimatetheirabilities.Laterresearchhasindicatedthatasimilarprincipleappliestootherareasaswell.ThisprinciplehasbecomeknownastheDunning-Krugereffectaftertheresearcherswhodiscoveredit.TheDunning-Krugereffectoccursbecauseonlywhenpeoplehaveskillsinagivenareaaretheyequippedtoevaluatetheirownskills.Forexample,insomesituationsittakesascientisttorecognizebadscience.TheoppositeoftheDunning-Krugereffectalsohappens:capablepeoplehaveamoreaccurateviewoftheirownabilities,andsometimestheyevenunderestimatethemselves.Anextremecaseofthiswouldbeimpostorsyndrome,whichiswhenaskilledpersonfeelsasiftheyarefakingtheirskillsdespiteknowingwhattheyaredoing.It’stemptingtothinkoftheDunning-Krugereffectasaproblemthatotherpeoplehave.Peoplemayevenlaughatthosewhothinkthemselvesmorecompetentthantheyare.Buteveryonehasareaswheretheylackcompetence—andtheDunning-Krugereffectmeanstheymaybeespeciallybadatidentifyingthoseareas.Evenifsomeoneisveryintelligentingeneral,therearestillthingstheydon’tknowmuchabout.Expertise(專業(yè)知識)inoneareacannotalwaysbetransferredtootherareas.That’swhyit’simportanttokeepdiggingforinformationevenwhenyouthinkyou’vefoundanswers.Itcanalsobehelpfultocheckyourideaswithotherpeople.Receivingnegativefeedbackcanhurt,butifyou’rewillingtolisten,itcanhelpyougrow.EvenjustkeepinginmindthattheDunning-Krugereffectexistscanhelpyoustayhumble,acceptcriticismand,thus,keeplearningthroughoutyourlife.2023屆上海市嘉定區(qū)高三下學(xué)期二模英語試卷IV.Summarywriting(10分)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.71.MuseumCrazeInvolvesMoreTeenagersMoremuseumsareherewaitingforyou!China’scapital,Beijing,isgoingtoopenanotherbatch(一批)ofmuseumsthisyear.ThebuildingofanewbranchofthePalaceMuseum,oneoftheworld’smostvisitedtouristattractions,kickedoffaswell.Asthemuseumcrazehasgrownstrongerinthepastfewyears,teenagersinChinahavebecomemoreinvolvedinexploringmuseums,wheretheycanimmerse(沉浸)themselvesinmoderntechnologyaswellasculturefromthepast.AccordingtoEducatormagazine,visitsbyteenagerstomuseumseachyearincreasedfrom220millionto290millioninthepast5years.Amongtheincreasingnumbersofmuseumvisitors,manyofthemwereteenagersaccompaniedbytheirfamilies,reportedGuangmingDailyearlierthismonth.Todrawyoungervisitors,manymuseumsarecreatingmoreofflineactivitiesforthepurposeofspreadingChineseculture.Theyincludeartifactmaking,nightvisits,secretadventures,treasureevaluation,andsomeinterestingcourses.AttheChinaHangzhouArts&CraftsMuseum,forexample,teenagersgatheredaroundtomakepaperumbrellasduringtheSpringFestivalholiday.Withwhiteglovesonandlittlespadesintheirhands,visitorsinHenanprovincegottoexperiencethedailyworkofarchaeologists(考古學(xué)家).Apartfromtheactivities,somemuseumsevenopenbranchesespeciallydesignedforteenagers.AhallcalledPopularAgriculturalScienceforYoungVisitorsisaspecialbranchlaunchedbyChinaAgriculturalMuseum.Itisanexhibitionhallthatcombinesbothvisualandaudiotechnologytoinvolveteenagersinagriculture.Besidestheseofflineapproaches,anumberofmuseumshavealsocreatedofficialwebsitesforteenagers,thePalaceMuseuminparticular.Onlinevisitorsmaygoonanexcitingadventureonthewebsiteinthestyleofacomicbook.2023屆上海市奉賢區(qū)高三下學(xué)期二模英語試卷IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.71.Howyouruniquestorycangetyouhired?You’resittingatyourcomputertoapplyforyourdreamjob,butsuddenlyyou’renotconfidentenoughtogetit.Soyoudon’tevensubmittheapplication. Itisnaturalforyoutoexperienceself-doubtatsuchacrucialmoment,especiallyifyou’repeopleofcolor,firstgenerationcollegestudent,oryoudon’thaveatraditionalbackground.Thesecretistotransformhowyouperceiveyourownstory.Askyourselftwoquestions.Thefirstone:whydoyouwanttodothiswork?Maybeyoualreadyknowthekindofjoborworkenvironmentthatmakesyouhappy,ormaybeyouhaven’tquitefiguredthatoutyet.Usually,yourpersonalexperiencescanhelpgiveyouclues.Forexample,yourbrotherhadtoovercomehisdyslexia(誦讀困難癥),andyouhelpedhimwithhisreading.Gradually,youbecameinterestedineducation.Thatmotivatedyoutoworkasateacher.Thesecondquestionyouhavetoaskyourself:howcanyoutellyourstorytoexhibittheuniquequalitiesyouhave?Forexample,youundertookmultiplejobsunrelatedtoyourmajorwhileyouwereincollege.Whenyou’reinaninterview,goaheadandtalkaboutthem,becauseitwillshowtheemployerthatyouhavetimemanagementskillsandastrongpassionforwork.Employersarelookingforwell-roundedindividualsthatarecapableofaccomplishingvariousjobtasks.Gobackandreflectonthosetoughquestionsthatyouneedtoanswer.Theanswersarewhatmakesyouyou.Reframingyourstorycanremakeyourconfidenceoverandoveragain,butittakestime.It’slikerunningamarathon.Youhavetotrainandpractice.Whenyoulearntopracticeyourstory,tellitwithassurance.You’resuretostandoutamongallthecandidates.2023屆上海市楊浦區(qū)高三下學(xué)期二模英語試題IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.HumansEvolvedtoBeLonelyLonelinesshurtsand,overtime,itcanputthebodyintoastatethatincreasesourriskofeverythingfromheartattacktodiabetesandcancer.So,evolutionarilyspeaking,whydoweexperienceit?StephanieCacioppo,aneuroscientist,saysthatcountlessstudieshavehelpedresearchersformulateaholistic（全面的）purposeforloneliness.Beingsocialhaditsdownsidesevenbackthen-competitionforfood,forexample,orcontributiontothespreadofpathogens（病原體）.Butscientiststhinkweevolvedtofeellonelinessbecauseitwasmoreimportanttoworkwithoneanothertoaccomplishtasksandprotecteveryone.“Thepainoflonelinessdroveustorenewthesocialstructuresowecouldsurviveandpromotekeyfeaturesliketrust,cooperationandcollectiveaction,”explainsCacioppo.Shesaysthat,foryears,researchersthoughtoflonelinessasa“diseasewithnocompensatoryfeatures.”Butnow,they’rerealizingthatit'smoreofabiologicalhungersignalthatremindsuswhenit'stimetoreconnectwiththosearoundustopromoteourshort-termsurvival.Iftheoutcomesoflonelinesswereentirelynegative,itwouldnolongerbeapartofourDNA.“Hungerandthirstprotectourphysicalbodywhilelonelinessprotectsoursocialbody,”saysCacioppo.Interestingly,whilelonelinesssendsasignaltothebrainthatit'stimeforconnection,atthesametimeit'salsolookingfordanger.This“contradictorysignal,”accordingtoCacioppo,remindsustobecarefulofwhetherthepeopleweareconnectingwithareenemiesorfriends.Shecallsthisneedtobewatchfulevenaswe'resocializinga“self-protectionmechanism.”Thatmeansinsituationswhereyoufeellonelyevenwhensurroundedbyothers,you’resubconsciouslythinkingthatthiscrowdmightnotbeagoodevolutionaryfitforyoursurvival.2023屆上海市浦東新區(qū)高三下學(xué)期二模英語試題IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.71.AplantorestoregreenspacesTheUKgovernmenthasrevealedaplantoprotectandrestoreEngland'swildlife.Itfocusesonat-riskspeciesbymakingcanals,riversandstreamscleanerandexpandinggreenspaces.ThenewEnvironmentalImprovementPlansetsgoalstocreateorrestoremorethan5,000squarekilometresofwildlifehabitatsacrossEnglandandrestore400milesofrivers.Itwillcreateorexpand25nationalnaturereserves.Newwoodlandwillalsobeplantedalongsiderivers.Atthemoment,accesstogreenspacesisnotequalacrosstheUK.Around4%ofpeoplelivemorethan10minutesawayfromtheirnearestpark.TheEnvironmentalImprovementPlanaimstomakesurehouseholdsinEnglandarewithina15-minutewalktoagreenspace.Aswellashelpingmorepeopletogetclosetonature,theplanshouldincreaseEngland'sbiodiversity.ASpeciesSurvivalFundwillbesetuptohelpsomeofEngland’smostendangeredanimals，suchasredsquirrels（松鼠）andwaterrats.TheGovernmenthassettargetstoboostthesespeciesby2030.Therearealsotargetstoreducefoodwaste,glass,metal,paperandplasticby2028,andtoimprovethequalityofwaterinrivers.NewrulesmeanthattheGovernmentwillhavetoconsidertheenvironmentaleffectsofanypolicyitputsforward.Thesegoalsarepartofa25-yearplanthatwaslaunchedin2018.Theaimoftheplanistoimprovetheenvironment“withinageneration”,whichisroughly25years.Althoughlotsofpeoplehavewelcomedtheplan,noteveryoneisimpressed.PauldeZylva,fromthecharityFriendsoftheEarth,saiditwasn'tclearenoughhowthegoalswouldbemetandthatmanyofthemwerelikepromisestheGovernmenthadalreadymadebutnotyetdelivered.參考答案2023屆上海市崇明區(qū)高三下學(xué)期二模英語試卷IV.SummaryWriting（共10分）TheDunning-Krugereffectreferstoaprinciplewherepeoplewhodon’tknowmuchincertainareastendtooverestimatethemselves.Theoppositesituationcanalsohappenwherecapablepeopleunderestimatethemselves.However,manypeoplemaynotrealizewheretheylackcompetence,soit’sadvisabletoadmittheexistenceoftheDunning-Krugereffectandkeephumbleandlearning.(57words)檔次內(nèi)容語言A55B44C33D22E11F00評分標準：1.本題總分為10分,其中內(nèi)容5分,語言5分。2.評分時應(yīng)注意的主要方面:內(nèi)容要點、信息呈現(xiàn)的連貫性和準確性。3.詞數(shù)超過60，酌情扣分。各檔次給分要求:內(nèi)容部分：A.能準確、全面地概括文章主旨大意，并涵蓋主要信息。B.能準確概括文章主旨大意，但遺漏個別主要信息。C.能概括文章主旨大意，但遺漏部分主要信息。D.未能準確概括文章主旨大意，遺漏較多主要信息或留有過多細節(jié)信息。E.幾乎不能概括文章的主旨大意，未涉及文中有意義的相關(guān)信息。F.完全未作答或作答與本題無關(guān)。語言部分：A.能用自己的語言連貫、正確地表述。B.能用自己的語言較連貫、正確地表述，但有個別語言錯誤。C.基本能用自己的語言連貫、正確地表述，但連貫性較差，且有少量不影響表意的語言錯誤。D.基本能用自己的語言表述，但連貫性較差，且嚴重語言錯誤較多。E.幾乎不能用自己的語言連貫、正確地表述。F.完全未作答或作答與本題無關(guān)。2023屆上海市嘉定區(qū)高三下學(xué)期二模英語試卷Summary:Beijingwillopenmoremuseumsthisyear.Withthepopularityofmuseums,therehasbeenincreasingparticipationamongteenagers.Thenumberofteenagervisitsincreaseseachyear.Toattractteenagers,somemuseumsaredevelopingmoreofflineeventsrelatedtoChineseculture,whileotherslaunchbranchesdedicatedtoteenagers.Besides,somemuseumsalsocreateonlinewebsitesforteenagers.(57words)2023屆上海市奉賢區(qū)高三下學(xué)期二模英語試卷概要寫作：(version1)Whenyoudoubtyourselfinjob-hunting,viewingyourownstoryfromadifferentperspectiveishelpful.First,lookforsomepossiblemotivesfromyourpreviousexperiences.Second,digyourstrengthsanddemonstratethemtotheemployers.Ifyoumakefulluseoftheseskills,itismorelikelyforyoutogetyourdreamjob.(55words)(version2)Youruniquestorycanhelpyougetyourdreamjobsuccessfully.Thekeyistomakegooduseofthestory.First,askyourselfwhyyouwanttodothisworkbyreferringtoyourpersonalexperiences.Second,figureouthowyoucandemonstrateyouruniquestrengthstotheemployers.Withtheseskills,youaremorelikelytogethired.(60words)2023屆上海市楊浦區(qū)高三下學(xué)期二模英語試題IV.SummaryWritingLonelinessisapainfulfeelingnegatively