中考考點(diǎn)九：語態(tài)英語動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài)，即主動(dòng)語態(tài)（TheActiveVoice）和被動(dòng)語態(tài)（ThePassiveVoice）。主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者，例如：ManypeoplespeakEnglish.(主動(dòng)語態(tài))Englishisspokenbymanypeople.(被動(dòng)語態(tài))知識梳理：提綱挈領(lǐng)，抓住重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)！一．被動(dòng)語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)：1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：am/is/are+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞2.一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：was/were+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞3.一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：willbe+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：am/is/are+being+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞5.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：have/has+been+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞6.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞二．主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的變法：口訣：賓變主，主變賓，謂變bedone,時(shí)不變，數(shù)格必須隨被變。注：1.主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)的時(shí)態(tài)要一致。2.主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)的句式要一致。3.變成的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語與謂語在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致。三．特殊情況的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：1.帶雙賓語的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：動(dòng)詞+sb(間賓)+sth(直賓)口訣：如遇雙賓語，一般變間賓，若把直賓變，to/for間賓連。1).give/pass/show與介詞to搭配。givesbsth——sb+begivensth或sth+begiven+tosb.2).buy/make/cook與介詞for搭配。buysbsth——sb+bebought+sth或sth+bebought+forsbHegavemeabookI____________abookbyhim.Abook_____________mebyhim.Mymothermademeacake.I_________acakebymymotherAcake____________mebymymother.可有兩種被動(dòng)語態(tài)的常用動(dòng)詞有：buy，give，leave，lend，offer，pay，teach，tell，show，等。通常用直接賓語作被動(dòng)語態(tài)主語的一些動(dòng)詞有:bring，do，make，pass，sell，send，sing，write，等。2.帶省to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：動(dòng)詞+sb+dosth.口訣：感使動(dòng)詞真叫怪，to來to去記心懷，主動(dòng)語態(tài)to離去，被動(dòng)語態(tài)to回來。動(dòng)詞：make/let/have/see/hear/feel/watchmakesbdosth----sb+be+made+todosthThebossmadetheworkersworkalldayTheworkers____________workalldaybytheboss.3.在see/hear/notice/keep+sb+doingsth句型中變被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，doing不變。IheardTomsingingjustnowTom_______________bymejustnow.4.以動(dòng)詞短語作謂語的主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞。Weshouldtakecareoftheold.Theoldshould_____________________.四．注意事項(xiàng)：1.有些及物動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)（表擁有，狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，后接動(dòng)名詞，不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞表示主語的一些想法、愛好或愿望時(shí)，）last,have,own…..belongto,suit…finefit,hold,marry,wish,cost,notice,watchagreewith,arriveat/in,shakehandswith,succeedin,sufferfrom,happento,takepartin,walkinto,belongto2.不及物動(dòng)詞一般沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)：happen,takeplace,appear,hold(容納)，但一些不及物動(dòng)詞與介詞構(gòu)成的固定詞語可以一同用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)：lookafter，listento，lookat，askfor，catchupwith等3.系動(dòng)詞是沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)（主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)）：Thedishtastesgood.4.有些詞組沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。（下列動(dòng)詞用來描述主語的特征，性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)）：sellwell,writewell,ridewell,drivewellThiskindofskirtsellswell.，want,require,表示需要時(shí)deserve(應(yīng)得…)，beworth，bebeyond，bepast后面常接doing形式表示被動(dòng)意義，相當(dāng)于tobedone.(此時(shí)主語為無此行為能力者)Allthecomputersneedrepairing.=Allthecomputersneed_______________.6.在too…to…及enoughto…結(jié)構(gòu)中有時(shí)表示被動(dòng)意義。Theproblemistoodifficulttosolve。7.賓語是相互代詞、反身代詞、同源賓語等時(shí)，一般。如：Weshouldhelpeachother.我們應(yīng)該相互幫助。Weliveahappylifehere.我們在這兒過著幸福的生活。Hethinksofhimselftoomuch.他對自己想得太多。8.賓語是處所、地點(diǎn)時(shí)，一般不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如：Wewillreachthestationintwohours.我們再過兩個(gè)小時(shí)就會(huì)到站了。HehasgonetoLondonnow.他去倫敦了。9.謂語部分(動(dòng)詞與賓語)是一個(gè)不可分割的動(dòng)詞短語時(shí)，一般。如：Theshipsetsailthismorning.這艘輪船今天早晨起航了。Hesawthedoctoryesterdayevening.他昨天晚上看了醫(yī)生。10.若不定式的邏輯主語不是句子的主語，則應(yīng)用被動(dòng)式，比較：Ihavesomethingtotype.我有些東西要打(字)。(指自己打字)Ihavesomethingtobetyped.我有些東西要打(字)。(指請人打字)練習(xí)與鞏固：熟能生巧，取得好成績！()Themobilephonehasinfluencedpeople’slifealotsinceit_________.

A.invents

B.invented

C.isinvented

D.wasinvented

()OnJune11th,2013,Shenzhou-10carryingthreeastronauts_____intospacefromthespacecenterinJiuquan.AlltheChinesepeopleareproudofitssuccessfullaunch.

A.sentup

B.aresentup

C.wassentup

()Thislisteningmaterial,togetherwithitsCD-ROMs,

_____well.

A.sells

B.sell

C.issold

D.aresold()Thesportsmeeting_________nextmonth.

A.willholdB.isgoingtoholdC.willbeheld()—Excuseme.I'mlookingforBetheBestofYourself.

—Sorry.Thebookyouaskfor______out.

A.isselling

B.issold

C.wasselling

D.willbeso()Annie

______totheparty.Shehadawonderfultimewithus.

A.invites

B.isinvited

C.wasinvited

D.hasinvited()Manyhouses______intheearthquakeofApril20,2013inYa’an.

A.isdestroyed

B.aredestroyed

Cwasdestroyed

D.weredestroyed()HanHan’sbooksarepopular.They

_____bymanyteenagers.

A.isread

B.wasread

C.areread

D.wereread()Teenagers

_____

allowedtodrive.

A.shouldnotbe

B.shouldbenot

C.notshouldbe()—Atpresent,oneofthebestwaystostudyisworkingingroups.

—Morechances_______tostudentstolearnfromeachother.

A.offer

B.areoffered

C.haveoffered

D.areoffering

()—Iwanttoborrowthebook,butIdon’tknowhowlongitmay________.

—Fortwoweeks.

B.beborrowed

C.borrow

D.bekept()Manytrees_______onthestreetseveryyears.Sotheairisveryfreshnow.A.plant

B.areplantedC.planted

D.wereplanted()—Didn'tyouseethesign"NoParking!"ontheright?

—Sorry,Ididn't.ButnowIknowparking

_____here.

A.wasn'tallowedB.isn'tallowed

C.won'tallowD.doesn'tallow()—Whatlanguages______inthatcountry'?—GermanandEnglish

A.arespeaking

B.arespoken

C.speak

D.isspoken()Boysandgirls,thebooksinthelibraryshould____goodcareof.

A.betaken

B.take

C.aretaking()－Anewpark

_____inourhometownnextyear.－Really?Ourhometownmustbemorebeautiful.

A.willbuild

B.willbebuilt

C.isbuilt()Ayearhasfourseasonsandit________twelvedifferentstarsigns.

A.dividedinto

B.isdividinginto

C.

dividedinto

Disdividedinto()ItissaidthatanAsianCultureVillage

_____insidetheAYG,VillageinNanjinginthecomingAsianYouthGamesperiod.

A.builds

B.isbuilding

C.willbebuilt

D.wasbuilt()Thechildwithoutparents______goodcareofbyhisteachersinthisspecialschool.

A.istaken

B.aretaken

C.take

D.takes

()—Clark,yourroomisreallyinamess.Itneeds________．—Sorry,mum.I'lldoitatonce.

A.clean

B.cleaned

C.toclean

D.tobecleaned()—“Frog”，MoYan'slatestnovel,please!

—Sorry,it________justnow.Butitwillcomeoutagainsoon.

A.soldout

B.issoldout

C.hassoldout

D.wassoldout()一Whodesignedthisgame?一It

______byTomin1999.

A.isdesigned

B.designs

C.wasdesigned

D.designed()—DoyouknowEarthDay?—Sure.It

_____in1970totellustoprotectourplanet.

A.setsup

B.setup

C.issetup

D.wassetup。()Alotoftrees_____aroundhereeveryyear，andwecanenjoyfresherairnow．

A．wereplanted

B．a(chǎn)replanted

C．willplant

D．a(chǎn)replanting()Lotsoffoodandwater

___Ya’an,SichuanProvinceimmediatelyaftertheearthquakehappened.

()ManybuildingsinLushan____intheearthquakeonApril20th.Itwillsurelybereconstructed(重建)morebeautifully.

A.havedestroyed

B.aredestroyed

C.weredestroyed

D.aredestroying()Thesongremindsmeofmyoldschooldaysassoonasit______.

A.isplayed

B.plays

C.willbeplayed

D.willplay()—Excuseme,sir,smoking_________inthegasstation.—Oh,I'mreallysorry.

A.doesn'tallow

B.isn'tallowed

C.aren'tallowed()—It’sdifficulttogettotheothersideoftheriver.—Ithinkabridge

_____overtheriver.

A.shouldbebuilt

B.shouldbuild

C.willbuild

D.hasbuilt()—Haveyoufinishedyourproject?

—Notyet.I’llfinishitifI_______tenmoreminutes.

A.give

B.amgiven

C.willgive

D.willbegiven()Eachyearquitealotoffood______aroundtheworld.It’sreallytimeforustodosomething.

A.waswasted

B.iswasted

C.wasted

C.willbewasted()Thankstotheinternet,differentkindsofinformation________inashorttime.

A.canbelearned

B.hasbeenlearned

C.canlearn

D.haslearned

()ItisreportedthatDaimiaoCultureSquare_______inTaiannextyear.

A.willbebuilt

B.werebuilt

C.havebuilt

D.willbuild

()—Youboughtanewcar!AnAmericancar?—No.AChinesecar.It______inTaizhou.

A.makes

B.made

C.wasmade

D.willbemade()Chinese________bythelargestnumberofpeople.

A.speaks

B.speak

C.isspoken()WiththehelpofthepeoplearoundChina,manybeautifulnewbuildings

______hereandthereintheearthquake-hitareainSichuan.

A.cansee

B.canbeseen

C.willsee()—WhydidTomgotobedsolateyesterday?—Becausehishomework_____ontime.

A.didn’tfinish

B.finish

C.wasn’tfinished()Thispairofshoes________hand,andit_______verycomfortable.

A.ismadewith;isfelt

B.aremadefrom;isfeltC.aremadeof;feels

D.ismadeby;feels()Thiskindofsweater______verysoft.felt feeling().TheChinesewriterhasgotlotsoffansinFrance.Hisnewbook_____intoFrenchassoonasitcameout

A.wastranslated

B.translatedC.istranslated

D.translates().—HowoftendoIneedtofeedthedog?—It___foodeveryday,oritwillbehungry.

A.mustgive

B.mustbegiveC.mustbegiven

D.mustbegave()Shouldateenager

togetadrivinglicense?”“Firstgotoatraining

centre.”

A.beallow

B.allow

C.beallowed

D.allowed

()Ifyouseethecartoonfilm,youwill

_______laugh.