B8U3ReadingSelf-drivingcars—destinationknown?Self-drivingcars—destinationknown?Mr.Zhang___________(casual)glancesattheemptydriver'sseatandsays,"DestinationGrandHotel.Familymode.Start."Thecar____________(respond)immediately,easingsmoothlyintothebusytrafficandavoidingobstaclesontheroad.Insidethecar,thefamilyhavechosentheir_______________(entertain)fromapop-updisplaypanel,readyforthejourneyahead.Thisimaginedsceneprovidesalikelyfuture__________(real)forself-drivingcars,alsoknownasautonomousvehicles(AVs).respondscasuallyrealityentertainmentSTARTTENENDA_______ofthefutureofself-drivingcarssceneSelf-drivingcars—destinationknown?However,beforethis______________(evolve)intransportbecomesarevolution,itmustbefullyunderstoodhowself-drivingcarswork.Putsimply,self-drivingcarsmust"see"and"behave"__________________(appropriate)tobesafeontheroad.Theydothisthrough__________(vary)hardwareanddeep-learningAI.Camerasaswellassensorslikeradarandlidarcaptureavarietyofdatafromtheexternalenvironment.Oncethedata__________(send)totheAIsystem,the"brain"ofthecar,itisanalyzedandputtogetherlikeapuzzlesothattheself-drivingcarcan"see"itssurroundingsanddetermineitsposition.Meanwhile,theAlsystemidentifiespatternsfromthedataandlearnsfromthem.Anactionplanisthencreated______________(instruct)thecarhowto"behave"inrealtime:stayinthelane,moveintoanotherone,speedup________slowdown.Next,thenecessarymechanicalcontrols,suchastheacceleratorandbrakes,areactivatedbytheAIsystem,____________(allow)thecartomoveinlinewiththeactionplan.evolutionappropriatelyvariousissenttoinstructorallowingSTARTTENEND_______self-drivingcarsworkHowSelf-drivingcars—destinationknown?Thismaysoundperfectintheory,butinreality________________(technology)barriersinAVdevelopmentexist.Theself-drivingcar'sperceptionsystempresentsone.Roadtrafficintherealworldissocomplicated_______unfamiliarorunexpectedconditionsmayoccuratanytime.Sinceitis_________________(reason)forthedatabasetoincludeeverypossibleobjectineverypossibleconditionaheadoftime,thesystemmightnotrecognizeeverythingontheroad.Inonetragicreal-lifecase,aself-drivingcar'sperceptionsystemfailed____________(identify)awhitetruckagainstthebright,sunlitsky.Itassumedthattherewasnoobstacleinitspathanddidnotactivatethebrakes,________(cause)thedeathofthedriverintheself-drivingcar.Accidentslikethisposethequestionofhowself-drivingcarscanbetterlearnandimprovetheirbehaviorsontheroadtoensuresafe___________(journey).technologicalunreasonabletoidentifythatcausingjourneysSelf-drivingcars—destinationknown?Anotheraspect_______needscarefulconsiderationistheethicalresponsesself-drivingcarswouldmakeinspecificcircumstances.TheTrolleyProblemisoftenusedtodiscussdifficultethicalchoicestheymayface.Forexample,shouldthoseintheself-drivingcaralways______________(protect)firstevenifitmeansendangeringthelivesofpedestrians?Shouldaself-drivingcarhitasinglepedestriantoavoid____________(crash)intoagroupofpedestrians?Andwoulditmakeadifferentdecisionifthepedestrianwereachildoraseniorcitizen?Themoraldilemmathatcomeswithhowto_________(ethical)programself-drivingcarshasyettoberesolved.thatbeprotectedcrashingethicallySelf-drivingcars—destinationknown?Besidessuchethicalconcerns,thelegalsituationstheAVindustryislikelytobeconfrontedwithhavefueled________(heat)debates.Inthisemergingindustry,manufacturingandprogramming____________(standard)arenotyetuniform.Moreover,thequalityandsafetyofAVtechnologyisstillbeingchallenged.Thiscouldleadtoextraordinarycaseslikewhoshouldbeheldresponsiblewhenself-drivingcarsareinvolved_____accidents-shoulditbethedriver,thesoftwareprogrammerorthemanufacturer?Manufacturingandprogrammingstandardsfirsthavetobeagreedupontomake______possibleforlawcourtstodecidewhoisatfaultwhenthingsgowrong.AsadvancesinAVdesignandtechnologyareinprogress,thefinalagreementonlawsandregulationsinthisindustryremains______________(see).standardsinittobeseen________problemsLegalheatedSelf-drivingcars—destinationknown?Therecanbelittledoubt_______,despiteallthechallenges,self-drivingcarswillformpartofourfuture.Thequestionis,whatisnext?Somearguethatself-drivingcarsshouldbeallowedtooperate____________humancontrol,whileothersaremorecautiousandbelievethathumanoperation,evenif____________(limit),isnecessaryinsuccessfulAVdesign.Onlytimewillrevealitstruepath.Whilethejourneyaheadisnotwithoutobstacles,the___________(event)destinationisboundtobeanothermilestoneforhumankind'samazing_________(visible)andinventiveness.thatwithoutlimitedvisioneventualSTARTTENENDThe_________ofself-drivingcarsfutureB1onpage33 revolution dilemma identify inlinewith fuel perception beboundto beconfrontedwithBigdatatechnologyhasstarteda(1)_____________intransportsystems,whichimpactswayspeoplegetaround.Devicessuchastrafficcamerasandundergroundfaregatescolletinformationaboutdrivers'andpassengers'behaviors,includingdrivinghabitsinvariousweatherconditionsandroutechoicesatdifferenttimesofday.ThedataisthenanalyzedbyalgorithmsandexchangedamongdevicesandsystemsconnectedthroughtheInternetofThings.Consequently,decisionscanbemade(2)______________thismassofdata.revolutioninlinewithB1onpage33 revolution dilemma identify inlinewith fuel perception beboundto beconfrontedwithTheavailabilityofbigdataprovidesconsiderableadvantagesforindividualswho(3)_______________________thetaskofplanningtheirtravels.Theycancomparetravelinformationaccordingtotheirneedslikefare,timeandwalkingdistancebeforedecidingonwhichoptionsuitsthembest.Similarly,driverscanuseappstoeasilyaccessreal-timetrafficandparkinginformation,thusavoidingtrafficjamsandseekingoutavailableparkingspaces.areconfrontedwithB1onpage33 revolution dilemma identify inlinewith fuel perception beboundto beconfrontedwithOntheotherhand,bigdatatechnologyimprovesthemanagementofpublictransportsystems.Manycountriesfacethe(4)___________betweenpublictransportcoverageandridership,asanexpandedtransportnetworkwouldmeanfewerpassengersonasinglevehicle.NowthesecountriescanuseinformationcollectedfromGPSandpassengerticketdatato(5)___________patternsinpassengersroutechoicesandsupplybusroutesthatmeettheirdemands.Busservicesarethentailoredto