TolearnthepresentperfectpassivevoiceTousethepresentperfectpassivevoicetodosomeexercises現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)Lead-inWatcha

videoYouhaveslainanenemy.Yourteamhasdestroyedtheturret.slay–slew-slainhave/hasdonehave/hasbeendoneAnallyhasbeenslain.Anenemyhasbeenslain.Youhavebeenslain.Yourturrethasbeendestroyed.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)?(主動(dòng))Wehavebuiltmanyhousesinthepasttenyears.→(被動(dòng))只帶有一個(gè)賓語的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語。Manyhouseshavebeenbuiltinthepasttenyears.SVO?(主動(dòng))Ihaveplayedthegame,GloryofKings,for10hours.→(被動(dòng))Thegame,GloryofKings,hasbeenplayedfor10hours.2.帶有雙賓語的動(dòng)詞，如等，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，一般將間接賓語（人）變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語，若將直接賓語（物）變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語時(shí)，間接賓語前面要用相應(yīng)的介詞。Wehavegivenhimthebook.→(間接賓語提前)→(直接賓語提前)Hehasbeengiventhebook.Thebookhasbeengiventohim.give,send,bring,take,teach,show,tell,make,sing,write,read,sell,buy,pay,lend,pass,promiseSVOO=Wehavegiventhebooktohim.雙賓易位Themachinehasbeenrepaired.Themachineisbeingrepairednow.(動(dòng)作________進(jìn)行)Themachinewasrepairedyesterday.(動(dòng)作發(fā)生在________)※使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)要注意的問題:1．現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)及一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的區(qū)別正在過去已經(jīng)修好了動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響工程已開始三個(gè)月了。Theprojecthasbeenstartedforthreemonths.Theprojecthasbeenonforthreemonths.2．非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如borrow,finish,begin,start,buy,marry,open,join等構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。若要表達(dá)相應(yīng)的意思，則要改換動(dòng)詞或時(shí)態(tài)，例如：提示常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語有：already

已經(jīng)

yet

已經(jīng)recently/lately

最近

sincethen

從那時(shí)起eversince

自那以來

ever

曾經(jīng)sofar

迄今為止

bynow

到現(xiàn)在為止foralongtime

很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間inrecentyears

在最近幾年里in/during/overthepast/lastyears

在過去的幾年里現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)總結(jié)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)只帶有一個(gè)賓語的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語。

例：Tomhassoldoutallthemagazines.→AllthemagazineshavebeensoldoutbyTom.帶有雙賓語的動(dòng)詞，如give,send,bring,take,teach,show,tell,make,sing,write,read,sell,buy,pay,lend,pass,promise等，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，一般將間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語，若將直接賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語時(shí)，間接賓語前面要用相應(yīng)的介詞。Wehavegivenhimthebook.→Hehasbeengiventhebook.→Thebookhasbeengiventohim.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)總結(jié)帶有復(fù)合賓語的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，只能將賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，原來的賓語補(bǔ)足語變?yōu)橹髡Z補(bǔ)足語。例：AfterdecoratingtheAmberRoomwithjewels,theartistshavemadeitmoresplendid.→Afterbeingdecoratedwithjewels,theAmberRoomhasbeenmademoresplendid.注意：帶有復(fù)合賓語的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，若賓語補(bǔ)足語為省略to的不定式充當(dāng)時(shí)，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中需將省掉的to加上。例：Thebosshasmadehiscompanyoffermorechancesforpeopletowork.→Hiscompanyhasbeenmad