度米作文匯編之2023年英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文寫作思路及練習(xí)：記敘文記敘文是以敘述人物的經(jīng)歷和事物的發(fā)展變化過(guò)程為主要表現(xiàn)形式的一種文體。記敘文既可以以寫人為主，又可以以寫事為主。寫記敘文要注意記敘文的“六大要素”即：時(shí)間(when)——何時(shí)發(fā)生，有沒(méi)有具體時(shí)間?地點(diǎn)(where)——何地發(fā)生，有沒(méi)有地點(diǎn)變化?人物(who)——何人參與，誰(shuí)是主角?事件(what)——發(fā)生了什么，有何特點(diǎn)?原因(why)——事件的起因?結(jié)果(how)——事件的經(jīng)過(guò)及結(jié)局?一般說(shuō)來(lái)，在一篇記敘文中這六大要素是缺一不可的。記敘文的思路就圍繞這六大要素充分展開?！纠坑⒄Z(yǔ)四級(jí)考試中，只出現(xiàn)過(guò)一次專門的記敘文體裁的寫作，即“anearlymorningwalk”(1988.6.)，2003年6月出現(xiàn)過(guò)包含記敘文的作文，即“aneye-witnessaccountofatrafficaccident”。對(duì)于“anearlymorningwalk”，知道命題要求后，我們就要開始構(gòu)思了。when：題目已規(guī)定了是“清晨”，在這個(gè)時(shí)候，“我”去散步。where：到哪兒散步?去公園?在校園里?在街上(街上空氣不好，還是不去!)。who：在公園里看到晨練的人：中老年人、年輕人、小孩子;在校園里看到讀書背單詞的學(xué)生。what：人們熱火朝天地做操，隨音樂(lè)跳舞，打球，等等。why：清晨空氣清新，適合鍛煉;一日之際在于晨，背背書，讀讀單詞。當(dāng)然，由這個(gè)題目可以令人想到很多東西，因篇幅所限，我們做了刪減。參考范文anearlymorningwalkonemorningigotupveryearly,andeverythingaroundwasveryquiet.thesunhadjustrisen,shiningbrilliantlyandeverythingseemedtobecoveredwithalayerofgoldensilk.therewereonlysomebirdssingingoccasionallyinthetalltrees.istrolledalongthestreettowardthepark,breathingthefreshairandfeelingextremelyhappy.wheniarrivedatthepark,ifound,tomysurprise,thatthereweresomanypeoplethere.menandwomen,boysandgirls,allwereenjoyingthemselvesintheirvariousactivities.someweredoingmorningexercises,somewereplayingbadmintonandsomeoldpeoplewerehavingtheirteawhiletalkingtoeachothercheerfully.iwanderedaroundthepark.tomydelight,ifoundafewmiddle-schoolstudentstalkingtoeachotherinenglishinonecornerofthepark.iwentupandspoketotheminenglish.wesoonbecamefriends.iwasverygladtofindanotheropportunitytopracticemyspokenenglish.onthewayhome,irealizedthatanearlymorningwalkreallywasgoodandhealthful.takingearlymorningwalksmakesonehealthyandwise.【點(diǎn)評(píng)】文章按照時(shí)間順序(inchronologicalorder)，第一句話點(diǎn)明時(shí)間(onemorning)、人物(第一人稱“i”)，并簡(jiǎn)要描述了早晨的特點(diǎn)(whatwasthesetting)，接著第二段第一句話交代地點(diǎn)(inthepark)，然后介紹公園里人們及作者的活動(dòng)(whatwashappening)，最后在文章結(jié)尾點(diǎn)題，即，歸納中心思想——takingearlymorningwalksmakesonehealthyandwise.僅僅189個(gè)單詞既滿足了記敘文的“六大要素”，又有明確的中心思想和生動(dòng)的細(xì)節(jié)，行文方式符合要求。例二：amostunluckyday1.以“amostunluckyday”為題，想想該怎么寫。注意：題目的中心詞是“unlucky”。when:where:who:what:why:how:參考思路when：哪一天是最倒霉的日子?考前的晚上?公布成績(jī)的日子?周末?where：在大街上違章停車?在學(xué)校?在商場(chǎng)?在經(jīng)常光顧的地方——食堂、餐廳、麥當(dāng)勞、圖書館、溜冰場(chǎng)、投影廳?who：是我倒霉?是好友?你?那個(gè)蛋白質(zhì)室友?what：拿到罰單?上課上班遲到?失戀?被竊?四級(jí)沒(méi)過(guò)?why：倒霉嘛，無(wú)非是運(yùn)氣不好，睡過(guò)頭了、態(tài)度惡劣、偷懶、不刻苦…h(huán)ow：一團(tuán)糟，挨批，心情極度沮喪，不過(guò)也無(wú)所謂嘛…想完之后，我們?cè)倩c(diǎn)兒功夫?qū)㈥P(guān)聯(lián)的東東挑出來(lái)，別忘了本文的中心是“unlucky”。根據(jù)自己的思路，寫一篇文章：參考范文amostunluckydayihadastreakoftoughluckyesterday.everything,itseemedtome,wentwrong.andisimplycouldn’hemorning,asluckwouldhaveit,myalarmclockdidn’tring,andwithanachingheadiwokeuphalfanhourlaterthanusual.iwasinsuchahurrythat,whenmakinganomelet,igotmyfingersburntandsplashedtheomeletalloverthefloorofthekitchen.havingnotimeformybreakfastatthatpoint,irushedoutofmyhousewithanemptystomachandhurtingfingers.ihadintendedtocatchthe7:30subway,butsomehowicouldn’tmakeit.ibecameverynervousatthemerethoughtofbeinglateformyenglishclass,becausemyenglishteacherisverystrictanddemanding,andhegetsangrywheneveranystudentislateforhisclass.aftergettingoffthe7:40subway,iracedallthewayfromthestationtomyschool,thinkingitwouldbeimpossibleformetoflagataxiatthishouroftheday.atthecornerofthestreetnearmyschool,iabruptlybumpedintoamanand,worseluck,broketheglassesihadboughtfor500yuanjustlastweek.withscarcelyanytimetoreceiveorofferanapology,ijustkeptonrunningandrunning.atlonglast,iarrivedattheschoolonlytofind,withgreatsadnessmixedwithsomerelief,thattheschoolwasemptyandtheclassroomswerealllocked.itwassaturday.myillluckshowednosignofcomingtoanend.whenireturnedhomegreatlyfrustrated,ifoundmyselflockedout.inmyhurryihadforgottentobringthekeywithme.justmyluck!【點(diǎn)評(píng)】這篇文章按照時(shí)間順序一氣呵成。文章的標(biāo)題、第一句和最后一句都點(diǎn)出了中心思想：“ihadamostunluckyday”。故事從作者醒來(lái)開始，在慌慌張張中煎蛋卷、趕地鐵、急奔學(xué)校、撞破眼鏡、發(fā)現(xiàn)白忙乎了一場(chǎng)，最后猛然清醒——匆忙之中忘了鑰匙!整個(gè)故事描述得精彩生動(dòng)，既有動(dòng)作的細(xì)節(jié)又有作者內(nèi)心的感受，讓讀者也身臨其境地體會(huì)了倒霉的一天。例三：敘述一場(chǎng)交通事故a:根據(jù)以下提示敘述一場(chǎng)交通事故：1)用第一人稱;2)短語(yǔ)提示：drivehomeatabout30kilometersanhour;itwasdark;asmallgirlchasedadog;nothitherbuthitacarintheotherdirection3)寫出作者對(duì)此交通意外的感想。參考范文lastnightiwasdrivinghomefromwork.ihadanaccident.iwasfollowingbehindatruck,drivingatabout30kilometersanhour.iwaswatchingthetrafficcarefullybecauseitwasgettingdark.suddenlyasmallgirlranontotheroadfromtheleft.shewaschasingadogandshewasn’tpayinganyattentiontothetraffic.iimmediatelyappliedthebrakesandturnedthesteeringwheelquicklytotheright.thegirljumpedtowardsthesideoftheroadassoonasshesawmycar.fortunatelyididnothither,butihitacarcomingintheotherdirection.luckilyiwasnotdrivingveryfastsothedamagewasnotserious.itisbettertodamageacarthantoinjureayoungchild,ithoughttomyself.b:以第一人稱寫一篇記敘文，講述在旅行中經(jīng)歷的一件小事。參考范文goonamediterraneanjourneymywifeandihavealwaysenjoyedtravelingbysea，andlastyearwedecidedtogoonamediterraneanjourney.althoughourholidaywasratherexpensivewethoughtthatthehighstandardofaccommodation,thefirst-classfoodandthemanyinterestingplaceswesawwerewellworththepricewepaid.wefoundthatmostoftheotherpassengerswerefriendlyandinteresting,buttherewasoneman,amr.james,whoirritatedandannoyedus.whateversubjectwetalkedabout,itseemedthathewasanexpertatit.hehad,apparently,readmorebooks,visitedmorecountriesands