金融英測試自測印版

第一章1、equity股本2、financialsystem3、portfolio（投組合45wayforInteltoraisefundsbuildasemi-conductorfactoryissellstockinthecompany.Stockrepresentsownershipinafirmandthereforeaclaimtotheprofitsthefirmmakes.example,ifIntelsellsatotal1000000sharesstocks,thensharerepresentsownershipof1/1000000ofthebusinessmutualfundaninstitutionthatsells

sharesthetheproceedstobuyaselection,orportfolio,ofvarioustypesstocks,bonds,bothstocksandbonds.shareholderofthemutualfundacceptsalltherisksandreturnstheportfolio.thevalueoftheportfoliorises,theshareholderbenefits,portfoliofalls,shareholdersufferstheloss.第二章1、commoditymoney2money3note4、TreasuryBill

5supplyMostcountriestodayhavean“independent”centralbank,thatis,whichoperatesunderrulesdesignedtopreventpoliticalinterference.ExamplesincludetheEuropeanCentraltheFederalReserve,theReserveBankofAustralia,theReserveofIndia,theBankofEngland,BankCanada,etc.Somecentralbankspubliclyowned,othersare,theory,privatelyowned.Inpractice,thereislittledifferencebetweenandprivatesinceinthelatteralmostallprofitofthebankarepaidthegovernmenteitherasataxoratransfertothegovernment.Centralbanksimplementacountry’smonetarypolicy.themostbasiclevel,thisinvolvesestablishingwhatformofcurrencythecountryhave,whetherfiatcurrency,gold-backedcurrency(disallowedcountrieswithmembership

oftheIMFcurrencyboardacurrencyunion.Whencountryhasownnationalcurrency,thisinvolvesissueofsomeformofstandardizedcurrency,whichisessentiallyaformofpromissorynote:apromisetoexchangenotefor“moneyundercertaincircumstances.第三章InterestrateInflationmonetarypolicyFederalReserveDiscountloanSeriousdisagreementsexistedoverthebank

agovernmentinstitution.Becauseoftheheateddebatestheseacompromisewasstruck.AmericanCongresswroteanelaboratesystemofchecksandbalancesintoFederalReserveof1913,whichcreatedtheFederalReserveSystemitsFederalBanks.Allnationalbanks(commercialbankscharteredtheOfficetheComptrolleroftheCurrency)aretomembersoftheFederalReserveSystem.Commercialbankscharteredbythestatesarenotrequiredtomembers,buttheycantojoin.aroundonethirdthecommercialbankstheUnitedStatedmembersoftheFederalReserveSystem,havingdeclinedfromapeakfigureof49%in1947.

第四章ExchangerateConsolidationpaymentandsettlementsystemChinaBankingRegulatoryCommissiondepositinsurance在國務(wù)的領(lǐng)下，中人民行依獨(dú)立實(shí)施貨幣策、行人行能、展人業(yè)務(wù)，決策不地方府、各政府門、共組織者任何人的響Facedwiththecomplicatedandsevereeconomicsituationbothathomeandabroad,insituation,PBC,

undertheleadershipoftheCPCCentralCommitteetheStateCouncil,studiedandimplementedthescientificdevelopmentapproach,earnestlyfulfilleditsresponsibilitiesasthecentralbank,respondedpromptlytotheintenseimpactthefinancialcrisis,pressedaheadwithdevelopingthecoordinationmechanismforfinancialregulation,strengthenedmonitoringandassessmentofspeededthedesigningofthedepositinsurancesystem,thecentralbankassetpromotedhealthydevelopmentofwealthmanagementproducts,andeffectivelymaintainedfinancialstabilitysafety.第五章P/EratioStockexchangeP/Bratio

ListH-sharesThroughaforementionedfourbankscapitalsupplymechanism,standardizedinformationdisclosure,andstrengthenedrestrictionstheperformanceseniormanagement.So,marketanincreasinglyinestablishingefficientoperationmechanismofmodernfinancialenterprises.Inaddition,theconsecutivelistingofBOCandICBCtheAsharemarketalsoenhancedtheinvestmentvaluethemarket.In2006,relevantauthoritiesconductedfurtherfeasibilitystudiesontheshareholdingreformschemeofABC,taking

intotheconsiderationofbuildingnewsocialistmakingmasterplanforruralareafinancialreforms.FinancialadministrationauthoritiestakenmeasuresurgeABCmanageitscreditrisks.第六章clientcreditriskmanagementtrustfundgrantIBRDraisesmostofitsfundsontheworld’sfinancialmarketshasbecomeonemostestablishedborrowersissuingitsfirst1947.incomethatIBRDhasgeneratedovertheyearshas

alloweditfunddevelopmentactivitiesandensurefinancialstrength,enablesitborrowlowcostofferclientsgoodborrowingterms.IDA’slong-term,payprogramsthatbuildthepolicies,institutions,infrastructureandhumancapitalneededforequitableandenvironmentallysustainabledevelopment.IDA’sgoaltoreduceinequalitiesacrossandwithinbyallowingpeopletoparticipateinthemainstreameconomy,reducingpovertyandpromotingmoreequalaccesstotheopportunitiescreatedbyeconomicgrowth.

第七章quotaoutstandingloanexchangeratefiscalyearbalanceofpaymentMoregenerally,IFMresponsibleensuringthestabilityofmonetaryandfinancialsystem—thesystemofinternationalpaymentsandexchangeratesamongnationalcurrenciesthatenablestradetotakeThetoeconomicandpreventcrises,tohelpresolvecriseswhendoandtogrowthandalleviatepoverty.Itemploysthreemainfunctions—surveillance,technicalassistance,andmeettheseobjectives.

SurveillanceistheregulardialogandpolicyadvicetheIMFofficestoeachofmembers.onceeachyear,Fundconductsin-depthappraisalsofeachmembercountryeconomicsituation.Itdiscusseswiththecountry’sauthoritiesthepoliciesthatarestableratesandagrowingandprosperouseconomy.MembershavetheoptiontopublishtheFund’sassessment,andtheoverwhelmingmajorityofcountriesoptformakingextensiveinformationbilateralsurveillanceacailabletothepublic.第八章timedeposit

demanddepositcheckabledepositrepurchaseagreementEurodollarTodefinemoneymerelyascurrencymuchtoochecksareacceptedaspaymentforpurchases,andcheckingaccountdepositsareconsideredmoneyaswell.Anevendefinitionmoneyoftenneededbecauseitems,suchsavingsasmoneyiftheycanbequicklyandeasilyconvertedintocheckingdeposits.回購協(xié)，金機(jī)構(gòu)或公司銀行買國庫券，并意在來某個(gè)間以定的格，包利息，賣回銀行。

第九章exchangeratequotationdirtyfloatfixedexchangefloatingexchangeabasketcurrenciesIfthehomecurrencybecomesstrongandbecomemoredirecttheexchangeratenumberdecreases,indicatesthatthehomecurrencyisappreciating.Conversely,iftheforeigncurrencybecomesstrong,exchangeratenumberincreases,indicatesthathomecurrencydepreciating.

固定外率經(jīng)用來穩(wěn)貨幣價(jià)值這有利于促進(jìn)個(gè)國之間的易與，其有利對(duì)外貿(mào)在GDP中所份額大的小經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。第十章optimalcurrencyareaclientanchorcurrencyboarddollarization最優(yōu)貨區(qū)往大于一國家范疇列如，創(chuàng)建歐的部依據(jù)就歐洲國家身不具備最優(yōu)幣區(qū)條，歐洲為一整體卻夠成為優(yōu)貨區(qū)。

最優(yōu)貨區(qū)往大于一國家范疇列如，創(chuàng)建歐的部依據(jù)就歐洲國家身不具備最優(yōu)幣區(qū)條，歐洲為一整體卻夠成為優(yōu)貨區(qū)。第十一draftremittanceD/PD/A

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