統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)名詞population母體sample樣本census普查sampling抽樣quantitative量的qualitative/categorical質(zhì)的discrete離散的continuous連續(xù)的populationparameters母體參數(shù)samplestatistics樣本統(tǒng)計(jì)量descriptivestatistics敘述統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)inferential/inductivestatistics推論/歸納統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)levelsofmeasurement衡量尺度nominalscale名目尺度ordinalscale順序尺度intervalscale區(qū)間尺度ratioscale比例尺度frequencydistribution次數(shù)分配relativefrequency相對(duì)次數(shù)range全距classmidpoint組中點(diǎn)classlimits組限classboundaries組界classwidth組距cumulativefrequency(以下)累加次數(shù)decumulativefrequency以上累加次數(shù)histogram直方圖piechart餅圖ogive肩形圖frequencypolygon多邊形圖cumulativefrequencypolygon累加次數(shù)多邊形圖boxplot盒須圖stemandleafplot枝葉圖measuresofcentraltendency中央趨勢(shì)量數(shù)mean平均數(shù)median中位數(shù)mode眾數(shù)locationmeasures位置量數(shù)percentile百分位數(shù)quartile四分位數(shù)decile十分位數(shù)dispersionmeasures分散量數(shù)range全距interquartile-rangeIQR四分位距meanabsolutedeviation平均絕對(duì)離差variance變異數(shù)standarddeviation標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差coefficientofvariation變異系數(shù)left-skewed左偏negative-skewed負(fù)偏right-skewed右偏positive-skewed正偏contingencytable列聯(lián)表samplingdistribution(ofastatistic)(某個(gè)統(tǒng)計(jì)量的)抽樣分布pointestimate點(diǎn)估計(jì)值pointestimator點(diǎn)估計(jì)式unbiasedestimator不偏點(diǎn)估計(jì)式efficientestimator有效點(diǎn)估計(jì)式consistentestimator一致點(diǎn)估計(jì)式confidencelevel信賴水準(zhǔn)confidenceinterval信賴區(qū)間nullhypothesis虛無假設(shè)alternativehypothesis對(duì)立假設(shè)left-tailedtest左尾檢定right-tailed