云南省曲靖市師宗縣葵山中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高三英語期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Ican’t

whathashappenedtothepoorchild,forhewasonlysenttohospitalyesterday.A.

drawout

B.

lookout

C.

figureout

D.

workout參考答案：C略2.Afteryearsofwonderinghowtheidlerichgotevenricher,wecrackedthemillionaire’scode,______secretissimple:Don’tspendapennyifyoudon’thaveto.A.which

B.that

C.whose

D.what參考答案：C【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：多年來，我們一直想知道那些閑散的富人是如何變得更加富有的，如今，我們破解了百萬富翁的密碼，他們的秘密是簡(jiǎn)單的：如果沒有必要，一分錢也不要花。此處themillionaire’scode是先行詞，在后面的定語從句中作定語，故答案為C。3.Atfirstglance,myhometownisnodifferentfromanyothersmalltown,itssceneryactually________amongthebestinthecountry.A.ranks

B.rank

C.ranking

D.torank參考答案：C4.---Whereareyougoingtohangthepicture?---Ihaven’tdecidedyet.I_____hangitinthediningroom.A.might

B.mustC.need

D.would參考答案：A考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，由句意：你準(zhǔn)備把這幅畫掛在哪？我還不確定，可能會(huì)把它掛在餐廳，可知，此人并不確定要把這幅畫掛在哪，may/might可表示“可能性”，故選A.5.BarackObamadeliveredaspeechto500localyouthsduringhisvisittoChina，manyof

werefromFudanUniversityandTongjiUniversity．A．them

B．whom

C．which

D．those參考答案：B略6.WhenthenewscamethatChina’sfootballteamranked________2ndandqualifieditselffor_______2ndround,wealljumpedupwithexcitement.A.the;the

B.the;a

C./;the D.a;/參考答案：C7.--Howaboutdinnertonight?It’sonme.--_________.【首發(fā)高考資源網(wǎng)】【解析：LovemyDog.】A.Youarewelcome

B.Oh,I’dliketo

C.Well,I’mafraidso

D.That’sallright參考答案：B考查情景交際。youarewelcome“不客氣，不用謝”；I’dliketo“我愿意，樂意”；I’mafraidso“恐怕是這樣”；that’sallright“不用謝，沒關(guān)系”。句意：——今晚一起吃飯?jiān)趺礃?？我?qǐng)客?！蓿液軜芬?。8.---Howdoyoulookattheissue?

---Mypointisthatourgovernment_______makethepublicawareoftheseriousnessofwatershortage.

A.issupposedto

B.contributesto

C.iscommittedto

D.isdevotedto參考答案：A9.—Itisunwiseforsomepeopletodriveandtalkonacellphone.—_______.It’sverydangerous.A.Icouldn’tagreemore

B.Notreally

C.Goodidea

D.That’sgreat

參考答案：A10.MoYan,____famouscontemporaryChinesewriter,thisyear’sNobelPrizewinnerforliterature,abandons_____conventionalwritingstyleandadvocateshisuniquewayofMagicRealism.A.the;a

B.a;the

C.a;a D.the;the參考答案：B11.---HowiseverythinggoingonwithyouinEurope?

---Quitewell.NotsosmoothlyasIhoped,__________.

A．though

B．instead

C．either

D．too參考答案：B解析：此題考查了副詞的用法。Though的意思為“雖然,可是”，而instead表示“代替,而不是”，根據(jù)句子的意思我們必須用instead。12.Thepassengerswouldhavebeenkilledintheaccident____thedriver’stimelydecision.A.owingto

B.thanksto

C.exceptfor

D.butfor參考答案：D13.Becauseofthedrought,theHuangguoshanWaterfallhasbecomethinneranddoesn’tlookas______asbefore.

A．a(chǎn)wesome

B．troublesome

C．handsome

D．tiresome參考答案：A略14.

WangLinfailedtobeadmittedbyHongKongUniversitylastyear,andonlythen_______theimportanceofEnglish.A.hefinallyrealized

B．hehadrealized

C．didherealize

D．hadherealized參考答案：C15.Comparedtotheoldergeneration,youngmigrantworkershaveless_____forthecountrysideandfarmlands.

A.sense

B.feeling

C.emotion

D.affection參考答案：D16.Unlikeotherprofessionalathletes,LiNa,atennisplayer,needn’t_____partofherearningsintheAustralianOpentonationalsportsofficials.A.handover B.letout

C.digout D.approveof參考答案：A17.Wedon’tknowwho____forthemurder,butthepolicemenwilltellusthetruthsoon.

A.istoblame

B.istobeblamed

C.isblaming

D.istobeblaming參考答案：A18.—Heshouldhavebeenwarnedofthedanger.—_______,buthewouldn’tlistentome.A.Sohehad

B.Sohadhe

C.Sowashe

D.Sohewas參考答案：D19.Students____remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollectedaccordingtotheregulation.A.would B.shall C.will D.could參考答案：B【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：學(xué)生們必須呆在自己的座位上，直到所有的試卷都被收回。根據(jù)句意，“學(xué)生們呆在自己的座位上”是一項(xiàng)規(guī)定。shall可表示某種規(guī)定或義務(wù)，用于第二、三人稱的句子中。而其他情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無此用法。故正確答案為B。二、完型填空20.JennahadgraduatedfromhermiddleschoolandwasluckyenoughtobeadmittedtoWestwoodCollege,Shewasreadyfornew____21____atthecollegeandfilledwithconfidence,____22____,shedidn’texpectitthatcollegelifewasquite____23____.Inthefirstweek,Jennawenttotryoutsforcheerleaders.Shewascompetingagainstverytalentedgirls,andsheknewitwouldbe____24____forhertobeselected.Twohourslater,the____25____readalistofthegirlsforasecondtryout.Herheart____26____asthelistendedwithouthername.Feeling____27____,shewalkedbacktoherdormitorycarryingherschoolbagfullofhomework.Arrivingatthedormitory,shestartedwith____28____.Shehadalwaysbeenagoodmathstudent,butnowshewas____29____.ShemovedontoEnglishandhistory,and____30____tofindthatshedidn’thaveanytroublewiththosesubjects.Feelingbetter,shedecidednotto____31____mathforthetimebeing.ThenextdayJennawenttoseeMrs.Bidenaboutbeingontheschool____32____.Mrs.Bidenwasn’tasenthusiasticasJenna.“I’msorry,____33____wehaveenough____34____forthenewspaperalready.Comebacknextyearandwe’lltalkthen.”Jennasmiled____35____andleft.“Whyiscollegesodifferent?”shesighed.Laterinmathclass,Jennadevotedherselftofiguringouttheproblemsthathadgivenhersomuch____36____.Bytheendoftheclass,sheunderstoodhowtogetthemright.Asshegatheredherbooks,Jennadecidedshe’d____37____totrytofitinwithhernewschool.Shewasn’tsureifshe’d____38____,butsheknewshehadtotry.Collegewasjustashermomhadsaid,“Youwillfeellikeasmallfishinabigpond____39____abigfishinasmallpond.Thechallengeistobecomethe____40____fishyoucanbe.”21.A.decisions

B.challenges

C.problems

D.exercises22.A.However

B.Therefore

C.Besides

D.Otherwise23.A.normal

B.necessary

C.different

D.desperate24.A.simple

B.troublesome C.certain

D.difficult25.A.editor

B.judge

C.boss

D.candidate26.A.stopped

B.jumped

C.sank

D.changed27.A.awful

B.lonely

C.happy

D.strange28.A.English

B.history

C.science

D.math29.A.working

B.struggling

C.complaining

D.improving30.A.bothered

B.ashamed

C.pleased

D.shocked31.A.showup

B.makefor

C.giveup

D.preparefor32.A.committee

B.team

C.newspaper

D.radio33.A.and

B.so

C.or

D.but34.A.writers

B.players

C.speakers

D.readers35.A.brightly

B.weakly

C.widely

D.happily36.A.courage

B.lack

C.hope

D.sorrow37.A.hesitate

B.refuse

C.continue

D.attempt38.A.succeed

B.complete

C.agree

D.accompany39.A.inthehopeof

B.inhonorof

C.incaseof

D.insteadof40.A.tallest

B.best

C.hardest

D.gentlest參考答案：21.B

22.A

23.C

24.D

25.B

26.C

27.A

28.D

29.B

30.C

31.D

32.C

33.D

34.A

35.B

36.D

37.C

38.A

39.D

40.B本文主要講述了主人公Jenna在進(jìn)入大學(xué)后所經(jīng)歷的變化及其努力適應(yīng)的過程。21.B...考查名詞。A.decisions決定；B.challenges挑戰(zhàn)；C.problems問題；D.exercises練習(xí)。根據(jù)上文的luckyenoughtobeadmittedtoWestwoodCollege及“new"可推知，新的大學(xué)生活對(duì)Jenna來講有許多挑戰(zhàn)，故選B.22.A考查副詞。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Besides此外；D.Otherwise否則。此處指她滿懷信心地迎接新挑戰(zhàn)，她不希望大學(xué)生活和想象的不同。上下文表示邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選A.23.C考查形容詞。A.normal正常的；B.necessary必要的；C.different不同的；D.desperate令人絕望的。根據(jù)下文的“‘Whyiscollegesodifferent?’shesighed”可知大學(xué)生活與Jenna想象的很不一樣，故選C.24.D考查形容詞。A.simple簡(jiǎn)單的；B.troublesome麻煩的；C.certain必然的；D.difficult困難的。根據(jù)“competingagainstverytalentedgirls”可推知Jenna感覺自己很難被選上，與下文的"thelistendedwithouthername"呼應(yīng)。故選D.25.B考查名詞。A.editor編輯；B.judge法官，裁判；C.boss老板；D.candidate候選人。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知是由裁判宣布進(jìn)入下一輪選拔的名單的，故選B.26.C考查動(dòng)詞。A.stopped停止；B.jumped跳躍；C.sank下沉；D.changed改變。根據(jù)"asthelistendedwithouthername"可知得知沒有自己的名字，即：沒有進(jìn)入下一輪選拔，Jenna心情沉重。sb.’sheartsinks意為"心情沉重，情緒低落"。故選C.27.A考查形容詞。A.awful糟糕的；B.lonely孤獨(dú)的；C.happy高興的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)語境可知由于被淘汰了，Jenna感覺糟糕（awful）。故選A.28.D考查名詞。A.English英語；B.history歷史；C.science科學(xué)；D.math數(shù)學(xué)。根據(jù)下文的“Shehadalwaysbeenagoodmathstudent”可知Jenna開始做自己擅長(zhǎng)的數(shù)學(xué)作業(yè)。故選D.29.B考查動(dòng)詞。A.working工作；B.struggling奮斗，拼搏；C.complaining抱怨；D.improving提高。根據(jù)“but”的轉(zhuǎn)折含義可推知，曾經(jīng)擅長(zhǎng)的數(shù)學(xué)現(xiàn)在讓她感覺有些吃力。故選B.30.C考查形容詞。A.bothered煩惱的；B.ashamed慚愧的；C.pleased高興的；D.shocked震驚的。根據(jù)"shedidn’thaveanytroublewiththosesubjects"可知Jenna在英語和歷史上沒有遇到任何問題很高興，與下文的"Feelingbetter"呼應(yīng)。故選C.31.D考查固定搭配。A.showup出現(xiàn)；B.makefor導(dǎo)致，有助于；C.giveup放棄；D.preparefor為…準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)上文的“Feelingbetter”和Jenna做數(shù)學(xué)作業(yè)不理想的情況可推知，Jenna暫時(shí)不準(zhǔn)備數(shù)學(xué)了。故選D.32.C考查名詞。A.committee委員會(huì)；B.team團(tuán)隊(duì)；C.newspaper報(bào)紙；D.radio收音機(jī)。根據(jù)下文的"forthenewspaperalready"可推知Mrs.Biden在校報(bào)工作。故選C.33.D考查連詞。A.and和；B.so所以；C.or或者；D.but但是。句意：抱歉，但是我們已經(jīng)有了足夠多的作者，此處上下文表示邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選D。34.A考查名詞。A.writers作者；B.players隊(duì)員；C.speakers發(fā)言者；D.readers讀者。根據(jù)"forthenewspaperalready"并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可推知，Jenna是去校報(bào)應(yīng)聘作者工作,結(jié)果遭到了拒絕。已經(jīng)有了足夠的作者，故選A.35.B考查副詞。A.brightly鮮明地；B.weakly淡淡地；C.widely廣泛地；D.happily快樂地。根據(jù)"Comebacknextyearandwe’lltalkthen"可知Jenna被校報(bào)拒絕了，因此只是淡淡地笑著離開了。結(jié)合語境選B.36.D...考查名詞。A.courage勇氣；B.lack缺乏；C.hope希望；D.sorrow悲傷。根據(jù)上文可知Jenna在數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)上感到吃力，這些問題使她很傷心。故選D.37.C考查動(dòng)詞。A.hesitate猶豫；B.refuse拒絕；C.continue繼續(xù)；D.attempt嘗試。根據(jù)下文的"trytofitinwithhernewschool""butsheknewshehadtotry"可推知Jenna并沒有氣餒，決定繼續(xù)試著適應(yīng)新的學(xué)校。故選C.38.A考查動(dòng)詞。A.succeed成功；B.complete完成；C.agree同意；D.accompany陪伴。根據(jù)"butsheknewshehadtotry"可推知Jenna對(duì)于自己能否成功并沒有把握，但是知道自己必須去嘗試。故選A.39.D考查固定搭配。A.inthehopeof懷著…的希望；B.inhonorof

為了紀(jì)念；C.incaseof萬一，假設(shè)；D.insteadof代替，而不是。句意：你就感覺是大池塘里的一條小魚而不是小池塘里的大魚。此處表示對(duì)比，故選D.40.B考查形容詞。A.tallest最高的；B.best最好的；C.hardest最難的；D.gentlest最溫和的。結(jié)合空前句中asmallfish和abigfish可知，此處表示“要成為池塘里最好的魚”，在文中引申為“做最好的自己”。故選B.【名師點(diǎn)睛】完形填空題的命題特點(diǎn)及答題方法：1.側(cè)重基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，考查學(xué)生語言知識(shí)的能力完形填空以文入手，結(jié)合文章的內(nèi)容考查學(xué)生的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，主要是詞語搭配、固定句型、近義詞辨析、辨析句子結(jié)構(gòu)、掌握語法規(guī)則的能力，其中考查實(shí)詞居多。2.上下文對(duì)照，考查學(xué)生捕捉關(guān)鍵詞的能力解完形填空題時(shí)，單獨(dú)看一句話是找不到正確答案的，需要注意句子間的關(guān)系及句子與段落的關(guān)系。所謂上下對(duì)照，即在上文和下文中找到與正確答案相同的關(guān)鍵詞。因此，在做題時(shí)要邊讀邊在大腦中儲(chǔ)存上下文信息的能力，捕捉關(guān)鍵詞。小題1考查名詞。A.decisions決定；B.challenges挑戰(zhàn)；C.problems問題；D.exercises練習(xí)。根據(jù)上文的luckyenoughtobeadmittedtoWestwoodCollege及“new"可推知，新的大學(xué)生活對(duì)Jenna來講有許多挑戰(zhàn)，故選B.小題3考查形容詞。A.normal正常的；B.necessary必要的；C.different不同的；D.desperate令人絕望的。根據(jù)下文的“‘Whyiscollegesodifferent?’shesighed”可知大學(xué)生活與Jenna想象的很不一樣，故選C.小題4考查形容詞。A.simple簡(jiǎn)單的；B.troublesome麻煩的；C.certain必然的；D.difficult困難的。根據(jù)“competingagainstverytalentedgirls”可推知Jenna感覺自己很難被選上，與下文的"thelistendedwithouthername"呼應(yīng)。故選D.3.設(shè)置語境，考查學(xué)生的分析推理能力旨在考查學(xué)生在選項(xiàng)都符合語法及句子結(jié)構(gòu)的情況下能否利用前后語境去推斷出正確答案。如小題6考查動(dòng)詞。A.stopped停止；B.jumped跳躍；C.sank下沉；D.changed改變。根據(jù)"asthelistendedwithouthername"可知得知沒有自己的名字，即：沒有進(jìn)入下一輪選拔，Jenna心情沉重。sb.’sheartsinks意為"心情沉重，情緒低落"。故選C.小題7考查形容詞。A.awful糟糕的；B.lonely孤獨(dú)的；C.happy高興的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)語境可知由于被淘汰了，Jenna感覺糟糕（awful）。故選A.小題15考查副詞。A.brightly鮮明地；B.weakly淡淡地；C.widely廣泛地；D.happily快樂地。根據(jù)"Comebacknextyearandwe’lltalkthen"可知Jenna被校報(bào)拒絕了，因此只是淡淡地笑著離開了。結(jié)合語境選B.4.結(jié)合生活，考查學(xué)生利用常識(shí)題的能力目的考查學(xué)生的生活常識(shí)，看看學(xué)生是否善于觀察生活，積累生活常識(shí)，能否利用常識(shí)去做恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x擇。如小題5考查名詞。A.editor編輯；B.judge裁判；C.boss老板；D.candidate候選人。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知是由裁判宣布進(jìn)入下一輪選拔的名單的，故選B.小題12考查名詞。A.committee委員會(huì)；B.team團(tuán)隊(duì)；C.newspaper報(bào)紙；D.radio收音機(jī)。根據(jù)下文的"forthenewspaperalready"可推知Mrs.Biden在校報(bào)工作。故選C.5.關(guān)注連詞，考查學(xué)生對(duì)行文邏輯、句子關(guān)聯(lián)的理解能力

此項(xiàng)用來考查學(xué)生在缺少連詞的情況想，通過閱讀能否理解句子的與句子的關(guān)系，是否了解行文邏輯的要求，能否掌握表示因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、并列、條件、讓步等的連詞的用法。小題13A.and和；B.so所以；C.or或者；D.but但是。句意：抱歉，但是我們已經(jīng)有了足夠多的作者，此處上下文表示邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選D。21.ClozeTest完型填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Onedaymymathteacheraskedmetohelphimsaveback-upcopiesofhisworkinthecomputer.IthenrealizedIwasableto

36

thegradesforallofhisclasses.Ishowedhimhowtocopyfilesfromonedisktoanotherandhe

37

me.Afewdayslaterbeaskedmetohelphimagain,becausehe

38

howtodoit.WhenIbegantoshowthistohim,somestudentsinmyclass

39

andbegantotalkamongthemselves

40

.Laterthatday,atlunchtime,Iwas

41

byseveralofthem.“Hey,couldyouhelpuschangeourgradesinmath?We’ll

42

you…”IcouldnotbelievewhatIwashearing．Icouldgetpaidforsomethingvery

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．"Allright．I'lldoit．"Thenextdaymymathteacher

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metohelphimout．Whenhewasnotpayingattention,IbegantochangetheirgradesfromF'stoA's．Isoonbecamevery

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amongmyfriends.Theybegantotreatmelikeagodwithamagical

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.Ibegantochangethegradesofstudents．Word

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quicklyandIbecameveryrich．Everythingwasgoingfine

48

Iwascalledintotheheadmaster'soffice．WhenIgotthere,myteacherwasmad,andtheheadmasterhadanangry

49

inhiseyes．

"Ihaveknownyouforthreeyearsnow．Idon'twantto

50

whatyourteachersaid,butI'mafraidthatImust．Hehastoomuch

51

,"hesaid．"Doyouhaveanythingtosay

52

yourself?"heasked．"No．"Isaidfinally．Ididnotrealizehowseriousmyactionshadbeen．Ihadviolatedthe

53

ofmyteacher,andtheheadmaster．Andtherewasnoway

54

．Iwasforcedtoleavemyschool．Thatwasagood

55

forme．

36．A．a(chǎn)ccess

B．a(chǎn)ssess

C．change

D．mark37．A．guided

B．supported

C．thanked

D．a(chǎn)ccepted38．A．doubted

B．remembered

C．reminded

D．forgot39．A．hid

B．noticed

C．complained

D．a(chǎn)greed40．A．disappointedly

B．quietly

C．freely

D．a(chǎn)ngrily41．A．a(chǎn)ppointed

B．a(chǎn)pproved

C．a(chǎn)pproached

D．a(chǎn)ppreciated42．A．pay

B．praise

C．follow

D．inspire43．A．familiar

B．simple

C．interesting

D．pleasant44．A．forced

B．a(chǎn)dvised

C．encouraged

D．got45．A．optimistic

B．popular

C．sensitive

D．grateful46．A．energy

B．strength

C．right

D．power47．A．escaped

B．slipped

C．spread

D．fled48．A．until

B．since

C．a(chǎn)s

D．a(chǎn)fter49．A．sight

B．look

C．light

D．feeling50．A．believe

B．ignore

C．oppose

D．influence51．A．experience

B．pressure

C．confidence

D．evidence52．A．to

B．by

C．for

D．of53．A．intention

B．honor

C．promise

D．trust54．A．on

B．in

C．back

D．down55．A．lesson

B．skill

C．story

D．example參考答案：略三、閱讀理解22.Everyyear,millionsofpeoplemakethesameNewYear’sresolution(決心):toloseweight.Butthere’saproblemthatrequiresasmuchresolutiontochangeasweight:thesocietalprejudicesurroundingweightandobesity.Fordecades,researchershavedocumentednegativeattitudestowardoverweightpeople-aformofprejudiceknownas“weightbias(偏見).”Peoplewithobesityarecommonlyviewedaslazy,unintelligent,unattractive,andlackingwillpowerandself-control.Weight–baseddiscriminationisfoundineducational,employmentandhealthcaresettings,yetminimallegalprotectionexistsforthosewhoaretargeted.Inadditiontoexperiencingweightbiasfromothers,peoplewithobesitytendtoacceptweight-biasedbeliefs,leadingtolowerself-worth.Somepeoplearguethatbittermessagesaboutweightarenecessarytomotivatethosewithobesitytotakeresponsibilityfortheirhealthandloseweight.Afterall,criticssay,it’stheirownfaultthattheyare“fat,”and,iftheyreallywantedto,theycouldcontroltheirweight.Inthisview,promotingbodyacceptancewouldonlyweakenbehaviorchangeandencourageobesity.Theproblemwiththisargumentisthatitfliesinthefaceofhundredsofscientificstudiesshowingthenegativehealtheffectsassociatedwithexperiencingandacceptingweight-biasedbeliefs.Thepsychologicaleffectofbeingundervaluedduetoone’sweightmaynotseemsurprising:increasedriskfordepression,anxiety,andevenself-harmingthoughtsandattemptsinyouth.Alsoworthnotingaretheeffectsofweightbiasonweightgainandobesity-relatedhealth.Studiesshowthatweightbiasisstressful,andwhenpeopleareunderstress,theytendtoeatmore.Further,whenpeopleworryaboutbeingjudgedduetotheirweight,theyavoidfitnessandhealthcaresetting.Inthecomingyear,whetherornotweightlossisagoal,wecanallmakeeffortstogetridofweightbiasandbealittlekindertoourselvesandothers.4.Whatdoweknowaboutobesepeople?A.Theyarefondofmakingresolutions.B.Theyarelackinginself-control.C.Theycarelittleaboutothers’opinions.D.Theytendtoundervaluethemselves.5.Whydosomepeoplesupportbittermessagesaboutweight?A.Theycanencourageobesepeopletoloseweight.B.Theycanimproveself-worthinobesepeople.C.Theycanpromotebodyacceptance.D.Theycanrelievedepression.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“fliesinthefaceof”inParagraph4mean?A.Confirms. B.Copies. C.Splitsup. D.Goesagainst.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Ahealthydiet:goodforyourmindandbodyB.NewYear’sresolution:loseweightbiasinsteadofweightC.ControlyourweightbyacceptingthebittermessagesreadilyD.Eatyourownwayregardlessofothers’thoughts參考答案：4.D

5.A

6.D

7.B【分析】這是一篇議論文。介紹了人們對(duì)超重的人存在的偏見和歧視“weightbias”，駁斥了關(guān)于此問題的錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)，論述了它帶來的危害。作者呼吁所有人共同抵制此偏見，并將此作為新年愿景。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句話Inadditiontoexperiencingweightbiasfromothers,peoplewithobesitytendtoacceptweight-biasedbeliefs,leadingtolowerself-worth.可知除了經(jīng)歷來自他人的體重偏見，肥胖的人往往接受體重偏見的信念，導(dǎo)致較低的自我價(jià)值。由此可知，肥胖者往往低估自己。故選D。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Somepeoplearguethatbittermessagesaboutweightarenecessarytomotivatethosewithobesitytotakeresponsibilityfortheirhealthandloseweight.可知一些人認(rèn)為，有關(guān)體重的痛苦信息是必要的，以激勵(lì)那些肥胖的人對(duì)自己的健康和減肥負(fù)責(zé)。由此可知，有些人支持關(guān)于體重的痛苦信息，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為它們可以鼓勵(lì)肥胖者減肥。故選A。【6題詳解】詞意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文hundredsofscientificstudiesshowingthenegativehealtheffectsassociatedwithexperiencingandacceptingweight-biasedbeliefs可知，很多科學(xué)研究表明這種偏見對(duì)健康有消極的影響。因此可以推斷出，該觀點(diǎn)與科學(xué)研究的結(jié)論是相違背的。故劃線短語意思為“違背”。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段Inthecomingyear,whetherornotweightlossisagoal,wecanallmakeeffortstogetridofweightbiasandbealittlekindertoourselvesandothers.可知在未來的一年里，無論減肥是否是一個(gè)目標(biāo)，我們都可以努力擺脫體重偏見，對(duì)自己和他人友善一點(diǎn)。本文首尾呼應(yīng)，作者呼吁將擺脫體重偏見作為新年決心。中間段落介紹了此偏見的普遍性、存在的錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)、帶來的危害等。故B選項(xiàng)“新年決心：丟掉體重偏見而不是減肥”符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。【點(diǎn)睛】標(biāo)題確定題屬深層理解題，它要求考生在通讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，認(rèn)真分析主人公的特定心態(tài)、文章大意及作者的寫作意圖。在此基礎(chǔ)上，還應(yīng)做到概括性、針對(duì)性、醒目性的有機(jī)結(jié)合。概括性原則：要求標(biāo)題應(yīng)在最大程度上覆蓋全文，囊括文章的主要內(nèi)容，體現(xiàn)文章的主題要旨。從全局的角度歸納概括出文章的標(biāo)題。要防止本末倒置，主次不分，以點(diǎn)代面，以偏概全。針對(duì)性原則：針對(duì)性原則是對(duì)標(biāo)題外延的一種界定。即標(biāo)題的外延既不能太大也不能太小，要量體裁衣，大小適度。醒目性原則：標(biāo)題是文章的點(diǎn)睛之筆，是文章的靈魂和門面。標(biāo)題的好壞往往影響文章的可讀性。讀者往往從標(biāo)題上決定文章的閱讀取舍，故標(biāo)題往往比較醒目，甚至比較離奇，目的是為了吸引讀者的注意力，喚起讀者對(duì)文章閱讀的興趣。如第四小題，根據(jù)最后一段Inthecomingyear,whetherornotweightlossisagoal,wecanallmakeeffortstogetridofweightbiasandbealittlekindertoourselvesandothers.可知在未來的一年里，無論減肥是否是一個(gè)目標(biāo)，我們都可以努力擺脫體重偏見，對(duì)自己和他人友善一點(diǎn)。本文首尾呼應(yīng)，作者呼吁將擺脫體重偏見作為新年決心。中間段落介紹了此偏見的普遍性、存在的錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)、帶來的危害等。故B選項(xiàng)“新年決心：丟掉體重偏見而不是減肥”符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。23.Thenexttimeyougetcaughtjumpingonyourbedyoucantellyourparentswithastraightfacethatyouarenotplaying,simplygettingreadygotapromisingcareerin“MattressJumping”.Believeitornot,thereare