....如何英語(yǔ)演講及演講技巧演講前的準(zhǔn)備andnature；科技方面演講主題：網(wǎng)絡(luò)、克隆、基因；衛(wèi)生方面演講主題：keepphysicallyandmentally：Olympics……有寫出演講稿的提綱，構(gòu)思和組織演講稿結(jié)構(gòu)。演講稿的寫作演講稿首先開(kāi)頭要開(kāi)門見(jiàn)ft，既要一下子抓住聽(tīng)眾又要提出你的觀點(diǎn)，中間要用各種方法和所準(zhǔn)備的材料說(shuō)明、支持你的論點(diǎn)，感染聽(tīng)眾，然后在結(jié)尾加強(qiáng)說(shuō)明論點(diǎn)或得出結(jié)論，結(jié)束演講。haveadream”，美國(guó)總統(tǒng)林肯所作的著名的蓋茨堡演說(shuō)，到克林頓在北大的演說(shuō)，不少句子都成為不朽的佳句，值得認(rèn)真研讀.進(jìn)行演講CCTV（演講內(nèi)容思維清晰，邏輯性強(qiáng)（文章組織結(jié)構(gòu)）；感情充沛，富有表現(xiàn)力（演講氣勢(shì)）；發(fā)音正確，語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音）；反應(yīng)敏捷，回答準(zhǔn)確（心理素質(zhì)）；著裝整潔，儀態(tài)大方等等。一些不良的舉止而被淘汰出局。一些演講的要領(lǐng)與技巧，如演講者與聽(tīng)眾目光的接觸（eyecontact），聲音的抑揚(yáng)頓挫（vocalvariety），和肢體語(yǔ)言的配合（handgesturesandbodylanguage）等等，但要恰當(dāng)，不要太多，否則會(huì)喧賓奪主，影響演講效果。演講技巧No,nosinpublicspeaking演講切忌Talkingtoorapidly;語(yǔ)速太快;Speakinginamonotone;聲音單調(diào)；Usingtoohighavocalpitch;聲音尖細(xì)；Talkingandnotsayingmuch;“談”得太多，說(shuō)得太少；Presentingwithoutenoughemotionorpassion;感情不充分；Talkingdowntotheaudience;Usingtoomany"big"words;夸張的詞語(yǔ)使用得太多；Usingabstractionswithoutgivingconcreteexamples;Usingunfamiliartechnical使用別人不熟悉的技術(shù)術(shù)語(yǔ)；Usingslangorprofanity;使用俚語(yǔ)或粗俗語(yǔ)；Disorganizedandramblingperformance;演講無(wú)組織，散亂無(wú)序；Indirectcommunicationi.e.beatingaroundthebush；說(shuō)話繞彎子，不切中主題；Howtocommunicatewiththeaudience怎樣與聽(tīng)眾交流Amessageworthcommunicating;要有值得交流的觀點(diǎn)；Gainthelisteners'atention:capturetheirinterestandbuildtheirtrust;引起聽(tīng)眾的注意：抓住他們的興趣并贏得信任；Emphasizeunderstanding;重視理解；Obtaintheirfeedback;獲得反饋；Watchyouremotionaltone;注意聲調(diào)要有感情；Persuadetheaudience;說(shuō)服聽(tīng)眾；Howtogainconfidence怎樣變得自信Smileandglanceattheaudience;微笑并看著觀眾；Startveryslowly,withyourshouldersbackandyourchinup;開(kāi)始發(fā)言時(shí)要慢一點(diǎn)，身體保持昂首挺胸的姿態(tài)；Openyourspeechbysayingsomethingveryfrankly;開(kāi)場(chǎng)白說(shuō)一些真誠(chéng)話；Wearyourverybestclothes;穿上自己最好的衣服；Saysomethingpositivetoyourself;對(duì)自己說(shuō)一些積極的話；Fourobjectivesofthespeech演講的四個(gè)目標(biāo)Toofferinformation;提供信息；Toentertaintheaudience;使聽(tīng)眾感到樂(lè)趣；Totouch動(dòng)之以情；Tomovetoaction;使聽(tīng)眾行動(dòng)起來(lái)；Howtoorganizethespeech怎樣組織演講Tohaveastructure:suchasfirst,second,third;geographically,north,south,east,west;compareandcontrasts;oursideversustheirside;negativeandpositive;比；我方與他方；正面與反面；Tolabelthematerialssuchasjokes,funnyanecdotes,favoritesayings,interestingstatistics;將材料歸類整理，如笑話、趣事、名人名言、有趣的數(shù)據(jù)；Tousenotecards;使用卡片；Howtousecards怎樣使用卡片Numberyourcardsonthetopright;在卡片的右上角標(biāo)上數(shù)字；Writeacompletesentenceonbothyourfirstandlastcard;在第一張和最后一張上寫上完整的句子；Writeuptofivekeywordsonothercards;其他卡片上最多只能寫五個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞；Usecolortomarkthewordsyouwanttoemphasize;用顏色來(lái)標(biāo)記你想強(qiáng)調(diào)的詞；Remindyourselfataparticularsporttocheckthetime.在某一處提醒自己查看時(shí)間。Howtocopewithbrownout如何對(duì)付忘詞Justsmileandgotothenextcard.Nottheoneinfrontofbuttothenextfollowing.Lookatthefirstwordonit.Thiswillbethepointfromwhichyouwillnowcontinue.Ofcourseyoumissedpartofyourspeech.Butnobodywillnoticeit.Theywillblamethemselvesfornotfollowingyourthoughts.Howtobegin....如何開(kāi)頭Totellastory(aboutyourself);講個(gè)（自己的）故事；Toacknowledgetheoccasionofthegathering；對(duì)大家能夠聚在一起表示感謝；Topaythelistenersacompliment；稱贊一下聽(tīng)眾；Toquote；Touseunusualstatistics；使用一些不平常的數(shù)據(jù)；Toasktheaudienceachallengingquestion；問(wèn)觀眾一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)性的問(wèn)題；Toshowavideooraslide.播放錄像帶或看幻燈片。Howtoclose如何結(jié)尾Torepeatyouropening;重復(fù)你的開(kāi)頭；Tosummarizeyourpresentation;概括你的演講；Toclosewithananecdote;以趣事結(jié)尾；Toendwithacalltoaction;以號(hào)召行動(dòng)結(jié)尾；Toaskarhetoricalquestion;以反問(wèn)結(jié)尾；Tomakeastatement;以一個(gè)陳述句結(jié)尾；Toshowanoutlineofyourpresentation.展示演講大綱。Eyecontact....眼神交流Moveyoureyesslowlyfrompersontoperson,andpausetwoorsecondswitheachlistener;眼睛慢慢地從一個(gè)移動(dòng)到另一個(gè)人，在每一個(gè)人身上停留兩到三秒鐘時(shí)間；Lookatpeoplestraightorlookatthebridgeoftheirnosesorchins;眼睛直視聽(tīng)眾，或看著他們的鼻梁或下巴Lookforthefriendlierfacesandsmileatthemonebyone,thenmoveontothemoreskepticalmembersandsmileatthemonebyonealso;有些懷疑的聽(tīng)眾，也逐漸朝他們微笑；Imaginetheaudienceinbathrobesincaseyouarenervous.如果你感到緊張，不妨想象聽(tīng)眾都穿著浴衣的樣子。Howtousethemicrophone如何使用話筒Youmustspeakupandprojectyourvoiceevenifyouareusingamicrophone;即使是用話筒，也要聲音響亮并運(yùn)氣發(fā)聲；Yourvoiceshouldberesonantandsustainedwhenyouspeak;聲音要有回聲并能稍持續(xù)一陣兒；Pitchyourvoiceslightlylowerthannormal.Listenerstendtoassociatecredibilityandauthoritywitharelativelydeepvoice;對(duì)低沉的聲音聯(lián)系在一起；Trytoenddeclarativesentencesonalowtonewithout,however,trailingoffinvolume;盡量用降調(diào)結(jié)束陳述句，但不要減弱音量；Slowdown.放慢語(yǔ)速。Keynotespeech基調(diào)發(fā)言AKeynotespeechistooutlinethesubjectstobeaddressedbyotherspeakersatanevent,andtoestablishthetoneofameetingorprogram.Whattosay演講指南Planwellinadvance;預(yù)先計(jì)劃好；Makesureyoufullyunderstandyourroleintheprogram;保證自己充分了解在活動(dòng)中的角色；Devotecaretostructuringyourspeechlogically;認(rèn)真地構(gòu)思演講，使其結(jié)構(gòu)符合邏輯；Devotecaretosettingtheproper認(rèn)真設(shè)定適當(dāng)?shù)幕{(diào)。Howtouseequipment如何使用設(shè)備Checklightbulbs,electricalpower,cableconnections,outletsandcontacts,switchesandanymovingparts;檢查電燈、電源、線路的連接、插座和觸電、開(kāi)關(guān)以及一些移動(dòng)部件Confirmtwicethatallyourequipmentwillbeavailableonthetimeofthedaythatyouneedit;保證設(shè)備能在你使用那天正常工作，至少要確認(rèn)兩次；Arrangetohaveback-upequipmentclosebyandbepreparedtopresentwithoutvisuals;準(zhǔn)備一些后備設(shè)備以防萬(wàn)一，并做好沒(méi)有圖像資料仍能演講的準(zhǔn)備；Remembertocarryyourequipmentandensureitwillnotbe記得帶上所需要用的設(shè)備，不要弄丟了。Typicalsignalsofnervousness緊張的典型特征Handsinpockets手放在口袋里Increasedblinkingoftheeyes眨眼次數(shù)過(guò)多；Failuretomakeeyecontact害怕眼神的接觸；Lickingandbitingofthelips舔嘴唇和史嘴唇；Fingertapping敲叩手指；Fast,jerkygestures手勢(shì)又急又快；Crackingvoices粗啞的聲音Increasedrateofspeech講話速度加快；Clearingofthethroat清嗓子；Buttocksclampedtightlytogether臀部崩得緊緊的；Thewaytoovercomenervousnessisbreatheindeepandbreatheoutslowlyforsometimes.克服緊張的辦法是調(diào)勻呼吸，深吸氣，慢呼出。HOWtodress如何穿著得體Darkcoloredsuitsor穿深色西裝；Redtiesorscarves;空樸素的白襯衫或上衣；Blackshoes,freshlypolished;戴紅色的領(lǐng)帶或絲巾；Verylittlejewelry-worndiscreetly;穿剛剛擦亮的黑色鞋子；Calm,slowgesturesandslowmovements;盡量不戴首飾，要戴的話要非常小心；Shouldersback,chinup.挺胸抬頭。HOWtousegestures如何使有手勢(shì)Makesureallyourgesturesaresmoothandnatural;所有的動(dòng)作都應(yīng)該流暢自然；Don'tputyourhandsinyourpockets;不要把手插在口袋里；Letyourhandsandarmsdropnaturallytoyourside,gentlyfoldbothindesfingerstogether,w