會計學(xué)1Family中外家庭對比演講TheClassificationoftheFamilyPatterns

Inmyopinion,familycandividedintosixkindsbythefamilystructure.No.1isthecorefamily（核心家庭）,composedbytheparentsandtheirminor（未成年）children.No.2isthecouplefamily（對偶家庭）,composedbythehusbandandwife.No.3isthecrossgenerationfamily（跨代家庭）,composedbygrandparentsandtheirgrandchildren.No.4isthesinglefamily（單一家庭/獨立家庭）,justasinglepersonconstitutethisfamily.No.5isthesingleparentfamily（單親家庭）,childrenandtheirdadormotherconstitutethefamily.No.6istheexpandfamily（擴大式家庭）,thisfamilycomposedbytheoldparentsandthecorefamilyorthecouplefamily.第1頁/共15頁FamilyStructureCorefamilyisabout70%CouplefamilyandcrossgenerationfamilyarerisingChinalikesthebigfamilybefore.Nowthistraditionstillexists.第2頁/共15頁Corefamilyandcouplefamilytakethemajorityofproportionalso.About40,000,000singlefamiliesAbout10,000,000singleparentfamilies第3頁/共15頁Implantedwithconfucianthoughts,Chinesehavealwaystreasuredfamilyasthemostimportantinstitution.Chinesestressharmonyinthesociety,intimacyamongfamilymembersandonesresponsibilities.第4頁/共15頁Influencedbyconfucianism,Chinesefamilymembersdonotalwayspossessequalrights.Firstly,theconventionalwisdomholdstheviewof"nazhunnvbei",andthecoupleshoulddotheirownduties,supportingparentsandrisingchildren.Secondly,inatraditionalsense,parentsstandforauthorityinthefamily.Childrennevergrowupinparents'eyes.Theancientsaying"yiriweishi,zhongshengweifu"showstraditionalparentalstatus.第5頁/共15頁

Withimplementationofthereformandopening-uppolicyinchina,somechangeshavetakenplace.Familymemberscometopayattentiontoindependenteconomicmodels,new-fashionedlifestylesandadvancededucationalconditions.Suchnewculturalelementshavegreatlyinfluncedchineseancienttraditions.Inthemeantime,thechangeshavebroughtnegativeimpacts:risingrateofdivorce,domesticviolenceandincreasingnumberofillegitimate.第6頁/共15頁However,inAmerican,theylivelonger,marrylater,havefewerchildren,andaremorelikelytogetdivorcedthaneverbefore.Youngpeopleleavehomeearlier,thoughnotnecessarilytogetmarried.Morewomennowgoouttowork,andmorepeople,especiallytheoldlivealone,whichisreallydifferentfromChina.Thenuclearfamily(parentsandperhapstwochildren)gaslargelyreplacedtheextendedfamilywheremanygenerationslivetogether.第7頁/共15頁Abouteducatingchildren:InAmerica,theyadvocatedemocracy,soparentsdonotpayattentiontosection.Theireducationisfree.Theygiveenoughrighttochooseordoanythingtheywanttodo.Insuchafreefamily,childrendeveloptheirinterestsordreamswithoutworryingwhethertheirparentswilldisagree.第8頁/共15頁Thiskindoffamilyeducationletkidsgrowindependently.ButsometimesextremedemocracyintheUnitedStatedcausealotofself-centeredkids.Whatismore,Americanyouth'smakesenseofeconomicindependenceearlier.Itisbasedonthisconceptofearlyeducationofeconomy.IntheUnitedStates,parentsusedeconomicmeanstourgeprogressinchildren’sstudyandstimulatecompetitionbetweenchildren.第9頁/共15頁ThechangesofAmericanfamily：Inthelatterhalfofthetwentiethcentury,greatchangestookplaceinAmericafamilies.Mendidn’ttakecontroloffamily’seconomy,andwomendidn’tneedtostayhomeeveryday.Andthenumberofsingle-parentfamily,unmarriedcohabitfamilyandmixedfamilyincreasedcontinuously.Meanwhile,divorcerateincreasedtoagreatextent,birthratedecreasednoticeablyandcohabitationratehasbeenincreasing.ThusIthinkthatthenumberofAmericafamilieswasdeclining.AndtheAmericanfamiliesturntodiversityinwhichwillnotbejustonetype.第10頁/共15頁MostoftheAmericansareimmigrants.InfluencedbywesterndemocraticideologyandtheRenaissance,Americancultureshowitsdiversityandtoleration.WhileChinahasbeeninfluencedbyConfucianismforalongtime.

Chinahasalonghistory,inwhichpeople’sideologyismoreintroversiveandconservative.Everymemberbelongstohisorherownfamily.MostChineseoftendon’ttakechances.第11頁/共15頁Americadoesn’thavesuchlonghistory.IndividualfreedomismostAmerican’saimandnorm.Soastheirfamily,everymembershouldberesponsibleforhimselforherself.Inotherwords,whensomeonerunsintoastonewall,hisorherfamilyandfriendsneedn’tfacethetroublestogether.Theyaremoreindependent.第12頁/共15頁Familyisthecellofoursociety,anditsdevelopmentcaninfluenceandreflectthesociety’spresentsituation.FromtheincreaseofthesinglefamilyandsingleparentfamilybothinChinaandAmerica,wecanseethatwiththedevelopmentofsociety,traditionalfamilypatternhaslostitsleadingrole,