1/55目錄UnitlTextAMr.DohertyBuildsHisDreamLife1UnitlTextBAmericanFamilyLife:TheChangingPicture4Unit2TextATheFreedomGivers10Unit3TextATheLandoftheLock14Unit3TextBWhyIBoughtAGunl6Unit4TextAWasEinsteinaSpaceAlien?21Unit5TextAWritingThreeThank-YouLetters25Unit6TextATheLastLeaf28Unit7TextALifeofaSalesman33Unit7TextBBricklayer'sBoy41Unit8TextAHumanCloning：AScientist/sStory47Unit8TextBSecondThoughtsonCloning50UnitlTextAMr.DohertyBuildsHisDreamLife多爾蒂先生創(chuàng)建自己的理想生活吉姆?多爾蒂JimDohertyTherearetwothingsIhavealwayswantedtodo一writeandliveonafaim.TodayPmdoingboth?IamnotinE?B.White'sclassasawriterormmyneighbors*leagueasafanner,butPmgettingby.Andafteryearsoffiustrationwithcityandsuburbanliving,mywifeSandyandIhavefiliallyfoundcontentmenthereinthecountiy.有兩件事是我一直想做的一一寫作與務(wù)農(nóng)。如今我同時(shí)做著這兩件事。作為作家，我和E?B?懷待不屬同一等級(jí)，作為農(nóng)場主，我和鄉(xiāng)鄰也不是同一類人，不過我應(yīng)付得還行。在城市以及郊區(qū)歷經(jīng)多年的悵惘失望之后，我和妻子桑迪終于在這里的鄉(xiāng)村尋覓到心靈的滿足。It'saself-reliantsortoflife.growneailyallofourfruitsandvegetables?Ourhenskeepusineggs,witliseveraldozenleftovertoselleachweek?Ourbeesprovideuswithhoney,andwecutenougliwoodtojustaboutmakeittluoughtheheatingseason.這是一種自力更生的生活。我們食用的果蔬幾乎都是自己種的。自家飼養(yǎng)的雞提供雞蛋，每星期還能剩余幾十個(gè)岀售。自家養(yǎng)殖的蜜蜂提供蜂蜜，我們還自己動(dòng)手砍柴，足可供過冬取暖之用。It'sasatisfyinglifetoo.Inthesunmierwecanoeontheriver,gopicnickingillthewoodsandtakelongbicyclerides?Iiithewinterweskiandskate.Wegetexcitedaboutsunsets.Welovethesmelloftheearthwarmingandthesoundofcattlelowing.Wewatchforhawksintheskyanddeerinthecornfields?這也是一種令人滿足的生活。夏口里我們?cè)诤由鲜幹?，在林子里野餐，騎著自行車長時(shí)間漫游。冬口里我們滑雪溜冰。我們?yōu)槁淇诘挠噍x而激動(dòng)。我們愛聞人地回暖的氣息，愛聽牛群嘩叫。我們守著看鷹兒飛過上空，看玉米田間鹿群嬉躍。Butthegoodlifecangetprettytough?Tlueemonthsagowhenitwas30below,wespenttwomiserabledayshaulmgfhewooduptheriveronasled.Tlueemonthsfromnow,itwillbe95aboveandwewillbecultivatingcoin,weedmgstrawberriesandkillingchickens?Recently,SandyandIhadtoretilethebackroof.SoonJiin.16andEnuly,13,theyoungestofourfourchildien,willhelpmemakesomelong-overdueimprovementsontheoutdoortoiletthatsupplementsourmdoorplumbingwhenweareworkmgoutside?Laterthismonth,wellspraytheorchaid.paintthebain,planttliegardenandcleanthehenhousebeforethenewchicksanive.但如此美妙的生活有時(shí)會(huì)變得相當(dāng)艱苦。就在三個(gè)月前，氣溫降到華氏零卞30度，我們辛苦勞作了整整兩天，用一個(gè)雪橇沿著河邊拖運(yùn)木柴。再過三個(gè)月，氣溫會(huì)升到95度，我們就要給玉米松土，在草莓地除草，還要宰殺家禽。前一陣子我和桑迪不得不翻修后屋頂。過些時(shí)候，四個(gè)孩子中的兩個(gè)小的，16歲的吉米和13歲的埃米莉，會(huì)幫著我一起把拖了很久沒修的室外廁所修葺一下，那是專為室外干活修建的。這個(gè)月晚些時(shí)候，我們要給果樹噴灑藥水，要油漆谷倉，要給菜園播種，要趕在新的小雞運(yùn)到之前清掃雞舍。Inbetweensuchchores,Imanagetospend50to60hoursaweekatthetypewriterordomgreportingforthefreelanceaiticlesIselltomagazinesandnewspapers?Sandy;meanwlule,pursuesherowndemandingschedule?Besidestlieusualhouseholdroutme,sheoverseesthegardenandbeehives,bakesbread,cansandfreezes,drivesthekidstotheiimusiclessons,practiceswiththem,takesorganlessonsonherown,doesreseaichandtypingforme,writesanarticleherselfnowandthen,tendstheflowerbeds,stacksalittlewoodanddeliverstheeggs?Thereis,astheoldsayinggoes,norestforthewickedonaplacelikethis一andnotmuchfortheviiluouseither.在這些活計(jì)之間，我每周要抽空花五、六十個(gè)小時(shí)，不是打字撰文，就是為作為自由撰稿人投給報(bào)刊的文章進(jìn)行采訪。桑迪則有她自己繁忙的工作口程。除了口常的家務(wù)，她還照管菜園和蜂房，烘烤面包，將食■品裝罐、冷藏，開車送孩子學(xué)音樂，和他們一起練習(xí)，自己還要上風(fēng)琴課，為我做些研究工作并打字，自己有時(shí)也寫寫文章，還要侍弄花圃，堆摞木柴、運(yùn)送雞蛋。正如老話說的那樣，在這種情形之下，壞人不得閑一一賢德之人也歇不了。Noneofuswilleverforgetourfirstwinter.WewereburiedunderfivefeetofsnowfromDecembertluoughMaich.Whileonestormafteranotherblastedhugedriftsupagainstthehouseandbarn,wekeptwarminsideburningourownwood,eatingourownapplesandlovingeveryminuteofit.我們誰也不會(huì)忘記第一年的冬天。從12月一直到3月底，我們都被深達(dá)5英尺的積雪困著。暴風(fēng)雪肆虐，一場接著一場，積雪厚厚地覆蓋著屋子和谷倉，而室內(nèi)，我們用自己砍伐的木柴燒火取暖，吃著自家種植的蘋果，溫馨快樂每一分鐘。Whensprmgcame,itbroughttwofloods?Firsttheriveioverflowed,coveringmuchofourlandforweeks?Thenthegrowingseasonbegan,swampingusunderwaveafterwaveofproduce?Ourfreezerfilledupwithcherries,raspberries,strawberries,asparagus,peas,beaiisandcorn?Thenourcamied-goodsshelvesandcupboardsbegantogrowwitlipresen-es,tomatojuice,grapejuice,plums,jamsandjellies.Eventually,thebasementfloordisappearedunderpilesofpotatoes,squashandpumpkins,andthebarnbegantofillwithapplesandpears.Itwasainazmg.開春后，有過兩次泛濫。一次是河水外溢，我們不少田地被淹了幾個(gè)星期。接著一次暢想網(wǎng)絡(luò)暢想網(wǎng)絡(luò)ImaginationNetwork暢想網(wǎng)絡(luò)暢想網(wǎng)絡(luò)ImaginationNctv/ork3/55是生長季節(jié)到了，一波又一波的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品潮涌而來，弄得我們應(yīng)接不暇。我們的冰箱里塞滿了櫻桃、藍(lán)莓、草莓、蘆筍、豌豆、青豆和玉米。接著我們存放食品罐的架子上、柜櫥里也開始堆滿一罐罐的腌漬食品，有番茄汁、葡萄汁、李子、果醬和果凍。最后，地窖里遍地是人堆人堆的土豆、西葫蘆、南瓜，谷倉里也儲(chǔ)滿了蘋果和梨。真是太美妙了。Thenextyearwegrewevenmorefoodandmanagedtogettluoughthewinteronfirewoodthatwasmostlyfromourowntreesandonly100gallonsofheatingoil.AtthatpointIbeganthinkuigsenouslyaboutquittingmyjobandstartingtofreelance?Thetinmigwasterrible.Bythen,ShawnandAmy、ouroldestgillswereattendmgexpensiveIvyLeagueschoolsandwehadonlyafewthousanddollarsinthebank.Yetwekeptcoinnigbacktothesamequestion:Willtliereeverbeabettertime?Theanswer,decidedly,wasno.andso-withmyemployer'sblessingsandhalfayear'spayillaccumulatedbenefitsinmypocket~offIwent.第二年我們種了更多的作物，差不多就靠著從自家樹林砍斫的木柴以及僅僅100加侖的燃油過了冬。其時(shí)，我開始認(rèn)真考慮起辭了職去從事自由撰稿的事來。時(shí)機(jī)選得實(shí)在太差。當(dāng)時(shí)，兩個(gè)人的女兒肖恩和埃米正在費(fèi)用很高的常春藤學(xué)校上學(xué)，而我們只有幾T?美金的銀行存款。但我們一再回到一個(gè)老問題上來：真的會(huì)有更好的時(shí)機(jī)嗎？答案無疑是否定的。于是，帶著老板的祝福，口袋里揣著作為累枳津貼的半年薪水，我走了。Therehavebeenafewanxiousmomentssincethen,butonbalancetlimgshavegonemuchbetterthanwehadanyrighttoexpect?Forvariousstonesofmine,I*vecrawledintoblack-beardensforSpoilsIllustrated,hitchedupdogsledracingteamsforSmithsonianmagazine,checkedouttheLakeChamplamMmonsterHforScienceDigest,andcanoedtluoughtheBouiidaiyWaterswildernessaieaofMumesotaforDestinations.那以后有過一些焦慮的時(shí)刻，但總的來說，情況比我們料想的要好得多。為了寫那些內(nèi)容各不相同的文章，我為《體育畫報(bào)》爬進(jìn)過黑熊窩：為《史密森期刊》替參賽的一組組狗套上過雪橇：為《科學(xué)文摘》調(diào)查過尚普蘭湖水怪的真相：為《終點(diǎn)》雜志在明尼蘇達(dá)劃著小舟穿越美、加邊界水域內(nèi)的公共荒野保護(hù)區(qū)。I'mnotmakinganyvsdierenearasmuchmoneyasIdidwhenIwasemployedfulltime,butnowwedon'tneedasmucheither.IgenerateenoughincometohandleourS600-a-monthmortgagepaymentsplustheusualexpensesforafamilylikeours?Thatincludeseveiythiiigfrommusiclessonsanddentalbillstocarrepairsandcollegecosts.Whenitconiestoinsuiance,wehaveapoormail'sniajor-medicalpolicy.WehavetopaythefirstS500ofanymedicalfeesforeachmemberofthefamily.Itpicksup80%oftliecostsbeyondthat.Althoughweaiestuckwithpayingniiiioiexpenses,ourpieniiumislow一only$560ayear-andwearecoveredagainstcatastrophe?Asidefromtliatandthepolicyonourtwocarsat$400ayear,wehavenootheriiisuiaiice.ButwearesettingasideS2.000aveaiinanIRA.我掙的錢遠(yuǎn)比不上擔(dān)任全職工作時(shí)的收入，可如今我們需要的錢也沒有過去多。我掙的錢足以應(yīng)付每月600美金的房屋貸款按揭以及一家人的口常開銷。那些開銷包括了所有支出，如音樂課學(xué)費(fèi)、牙醫(yī)賬單、汽車維修以及大學(xué)費(fèi)用等等。至于保險(xiǎn)，我們買了一份低收入者的主要醫(yī)療項(xiàng)目保險(xiǎn)。我們需要為每一位家庭成員的任何一項(xiàng)醫(yī)療費(fèi)用支付最初的500美金。醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)則支付超出部分的80%。雖然我們?nèi)砸Ц缎〔糠轴t(yī)療費(fèi)用，但我們的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)也低-每年只要560美金-而我們給自己生犬病保了險(xiǎn)。除了這一保險(xiǎn)項(xiàng)目，以及兩輛汽車每年400美金的保險(xiǎn)，我們就沒有其他保險(xiǎn)了。不過我們每年留出2000美元入個(gè)人退休金賬戶。Mevebeenabletomakeupthedifferencemincomebycuttingbackwithoutappreciablyloweringourstandardofliving.Wecontinuetodmeoutonceortwic亡amonth,butnowwepatronizelocalrestaurantsinsteadofmoreexpensiveplacesmthecity.WestillattendtheoperaandballetinMilwaukeebutonlyafewtimesayear.Weeatlessmeat,drnikcheaperwineandseefewermovies.ExtravagantCluistniasesareamemoiyandwecombmevacationswitlistoryassignments...我們通過節(jié)約開支而又不明顯降低生活水準(zhǔn)的方式來彌補(bǔ)收入差額。我們每個(gè)月仍出去吃一兩次飯，不過現(xiàn)在我們光顧的是當(dāng)?shù)夭宛^，而不是城里的高級(jí)飯店。我們?nèi)匀ッ軤栁只牳鑴】窗爬傺莩?，不過一年才幾次。我們?nèi)獬缘蒙倭耍坪鹊帽阋肆?，電影看得少了。鋪張的圣誕節(jié)成為一種回憶，我們把完成稿約作為度假的一部分……Isuspectnoteveiyonewholovesthecountrywouldbehappylivingthewaywedo.Ittakesacoupleofspecialqualities.Oneisatoleranceforsolitude.Becauseweaiesobusyandonsuchatightbudget,wedon'tenteitainmuch.Duringthegrowingseasonthereisnotimeforsocializinganyway.JunandEmilyaieinvolvedinschoolactivities,buttheytoospendmostofthektimeathome?我想，不是所有熱愛鄉(xiāng)村的人都會(huì)樂意過我們這種生活的。這種生活需要一些特殊的素質(zhì)。其一是耐得住寂寞。由于我們?nèi)绱嗣β?，手頭又緊，我們很少請(qǐng)客。在作物生長季節(jié)，根本就沒工夫參加社交活動(dòng)。吉米和埃米莉雖然參加學(xué)校的各種活動(dòng)，但他倆人多數(shù)時(shí)間也呆在家里。Theotherrequiiementisenergy-alotofit.Thewaytomakeself-sufficiencyworkonasmallscaleistoresistthetemptationtobuyatractorandotherexpensivelaborsavingdevices?Instead,youdotlieworkyourself.Theonlyniachineiyweown(notcountingthelawnmower)isalittletluee-hoisepowerrotarycultivatoranda16-inchchainsaw.另一項(xiàng)要求是體力一一相當(dāng)人的體力。小范闈里實(shí)現(xiàn)自給自足的途徑是抵制誘惑，不去購置拖拉機(jī)和其他昂貴的節(jié)省勞力的機(jī)械。相反，你要自己動(dòng)手。我們僅有的機(jī)器(不包括割草機(jī))是一臺(tái)3馬力的小型旋轉(zhuǎn)式耕耘機(jī)以及一架16英寸的鏈鋸。Howmuchlongerwellhaveenoughenergytostayonhereisanybody'sguess一perhapsforquiteawhile,perhapsnot.Whenthetimecomes,wellleavewithafeelingofsorrowbutalsowithasenseofprideatwhatwe*vebeenabletoaccomplish?Weshouldmakeafakprofitonthesaleoftheplace,too.mvestedabout$35,000ofourownmoneyinit,andwecouldjustaboutdoublethatifwesoldtodayButtliisisnotagoodtimetosell.Onceeconomicconditionsmiprove,however,demandforfarmslikeoursshouldbestrongagain?沒人知道我們還能有精力在這里再呆多久-也許呆很長一陣子，也許不是。到走的時(shí)候，我們會(huì)愴然離去，但也會(huì)為自己所做的一切深感自豪。我們把農(nóng)場出售也會(huì)賺相當(dāng)大一筆錢。我們自己在農(nóng)場投入了約35,000美金的資金，要是現(xiàn)在售出的話價(jià)格差不多可以翻一倍。不過現(xiàn)在不是出售的好時(shí)機(jī)。但是一旦經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢好轉(zhuǎn)，對(duì)我們這種農(nóng)場的需求又會(huì)增多。didiVtmoveherepriniaiilytoearnmoneythough.Wecamebecausewewantedtoiinpiovethequalityofouilives.WhenIwatchEnulvcollectingeggsilltheevening,fishingwithJimontheliveroreiijoyiiiganold-fashionedpicnicintheoichaidwiththeentiiefamily,Iknowwe'vefoundjustwhatwewerelookingfor.但我們主要不是為了賺錢而移居至此的。我們來此居住是因?yàn)橄胩岣呱钯|(zhì)量。當(dāng)我5/55看著埃米莉傍晚去收雞蛋，跟吉米一起在河上釣魚，或和全家人一起在果園里享用老式的野餐，我知道，我們找到了自己一直在尋求的生活方式。UnitlTextBAmericanFamilyLife:TheChangingPictureDonnaBarronIt'sanothereveninginanAmericanhousehold?美國家庭生活□變化中的景象唐場B?巴倫這是美國家庭一個(gè)尋常的傍晩。Thedoorswingsopenat5:30sharp?"Hi,honeyIfmhome!r,InwalksdearoldDad,hungryandtiredafteralongdayattheoffice?HeisgreetedbyMominherapron,threehappychildren,andthearomaofadeliciouspotroast?門在5口30準(zhǔn)時(shí)推開?！班恕跤H愛的□我回來了□”親愛的老爸走了進(jìn)來□他在辦公室上了一天的班□肚子餓了□人也累了。迎接他的是系著闈裙的媽媽口3個(gè)快樂的孩子以及燉肉誘