課時(shí)質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)(二十)選擇性必修第一冊(cè)Unit2OnwardsandupwardsA組·基礎(chǔ)鞏固Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空A(2020·浙江教育綠色評(píng)價(jià)聯(lián)盟聯(lián)考)MorleySaferhasworkedintelevisionnewsfor61years.He'sspent46ofthoseyearsonhisbroadcast,longerthananyoneelse.Asa1.________(travel),heholdssomesortofrecord,2.________(take)planes,trains,boats,evenbicyclestotheendsoftheEarth.Whenhewas24,adoorthatwouldchangehislifeopened.Hewashired3.________atelevisionnewswriterattheCBC,Canada'spremierbroadcastingnetwork.Andsoonenough,hewas4.________foreigncorrespondent(記者),thejobhe'ddreamedof.Hispassportfilledupquickly.Inlate1963,MorleycaughttheeyeoftheAmericannetworkexecutives,5.________hiredhimtojointheprestigiousCBSbureauinLondon.FromhisbaseinLondon,hecoveredshootingwarsinAlgeriaandCyprus.Bythetimehewas35,he6.________(cover)newsinEurope,theMiddleEastandSoutheastAsia.It'sfair7.________(say)thatnobodyalivetodayhasseenasmuchandreportedonitas8.________(brilliant)asMorley.Simplybyexample,he'smadetherestofusbetterjournalists.Hiswriting9.________(consider)thebestinthebusiness.Histoughnessandkindnessandsenseofhumourarelegendary.Inabusinessthat'sfast-movingandsometimescompetitive,hesurvivedandprospered,eitheroutworking10.________outlivingeveryoneelse,tryingtogettothebottomofthings.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】在這個(gè)瞬息萬(wàn)變、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的世界里，要想活下來(lái)并取得成功，要么比別人更努力，要么比別人承受的更多。這就是新聞人莫利的故事。1.traveller考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。由設(shè)空前的不定冠詞可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞單數(shù)形式，故填traveller。2.taking考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞holds，且設(shè)空處與前面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞holds之間無(wú)連詞連接，故設(shè)空處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，take和邏輯主語(yǔ)he之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，故填taking。3.as考查介詞。此處表示“作為”，故填as。4.a考查冠詞。設(shè)空處后面的correspondent是可數(shù)名詞，且是單數(shù)形式，此處表示泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且foreign以輔音音素開(kāi)頭，故填a。5.who考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，先行詞是theAmericannetworkexecutives，指人，故填who。6.hadcovered考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“Bythetimehewas35”可知，動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故填hadcovered。7.tosay考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！癐tis/was＋adj./n.＋todo...”為固定句型，其中It為形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))，故填tosay。8.brilliantly考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處修飾前面的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)reportedon，應(yīng)用副詞?！癮s＋形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)＋as”為固定用法，意為“和……一樣……”，故填brilliantly。9.isconsidered考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處是句子的謂語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)Hiswriting與動(dòng)詞consider之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且此處陳述客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故填isconsidered。10.or考查固定搭配。either...or...為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“或者……或者……，不是……就是……”，故填or。BLions,tigersandotheranimalsarestayingawakeatnight1.________(avoid)humanbeings,anewstudyfinds.Scientistshaveknownthathumanactivitiescanleadtochangesinnature.Manyanimalsmaymovearoundlessortraveltofarplacestokeepaway2.________people.Bybeingawakeatnight,animalscanalsobeonguardagainstpossibleenemiesandspendlesstime3.________(look)forfood.Thelatestresearchfoundevenactivitieslikefarmingandcampingcan4.________(fright)animalsandcausethemtobecomemoreactiveatnight.5.________hadbeenstudiedwerelionsinTanzania,tigersinNepalandmonkeysinBrazil.Researcherscompared6.________(careful)howmuchtimethoseanimalswereactiveatnightinareasofhumanactivities,suchashuntingandfarming.7.________washumanactivitiesthatcausedanincreaseofabout20percentinnight-timeactivities,evenincreaturesthatusuallysleepatnight.Results8.________(publish)inthejournalSciencetwomonthsago.Thenewfindingsare9.________(usual)becausenooneelsehaslookedatitinsuchdetailbefore.EcologistMarleeTuckerwas10.________(surprise)thatanykindofhumanactivityisenoughforanimalstoseepeopleasathreat.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】人類(lèi)活動(dòng)導(dǎo)致許多動(dòng)物在夜間保持清醒以躲避人類(lèi)。1.toavoid考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：一項(xiàng)最新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)獅子、老虎以及其他動(dòng)物在夜間保持清醒為的是避開(kāi)人類(lèi)。此處用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。2.from考查固定搭配。keepawayfrom...為固定搭配，意為“遠(yuǎn)離……”。3.looking考查固定用法。spendtime(in)doingsth.為固定用法，意為“花時(shí)間做某事”。4.frighten考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can后應(yīng)接動(dòng)詞原形，故應(yīng)用名詞fright的動(dòng)詞形式frighten。5.What考查主語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句且缺少主語(yǔ)，故填What。6.carefully考查副詞。修飾句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞compared應(yīng)使用副詞。7.It考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，去掉“________was”和“that”后，句子意思仍然完整，故該句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“Itwas＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋其他成分”。8.werepublished考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞publish和句子的主語(yǔ)Results之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“twomonthsago”可知，這里描述的是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。9.unusual考查形容詞。先前沒(méi)人對(duì)此進(jìn)行過(guò)如此詳細(xì)的研究，所以這些新的發(fā)現(xiàn)顯得不同尋常。10.surprised考查形容詞。此處為過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，表示主語(yǔ)MarleeTucker的狀態(tài)，故用形容詞surprised。Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子1.昨天晚上直到十二點(diǎn)我才去睡覺(jué)。(not...until...的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)Itwasnotuntiltwelveo'clocklastnightthatIwenttobed.2.我寫(xiě)這封信是想告訴你一些相關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)。(informsb.ofsth.)Iamwritingtheletter,hopingtoinformyouofsomerelevantdetails．3.他試圖避免回答我的問(wèn)題。(avoid)Hetriedtoavoidansweringmyquestions．4.直到他回來(lái)，我才知道整件事情的經(jīng)過(guò)。(only＋狀語(yǔ)從句)OnlywhenhecamebackdidIknowthewholestory.5.早睡早起使人健康、富有又聰明。(make＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ))Earlytobedandearlytorisemakesamanhealthy,wealthyandwise．B組·能力提升Ⅰ.閱讀理解AIarrivedatthisbeautifulSpanishislandatthestartofSeptember,fullofenthusiasmandeagertostartworkingasanEnglishteacher.Isortedallthenecessarypaperworkoutandmovedintoaflatofmyownwithinthefirstcoupleofdays.Great,orsoIthought.At4amandatseveralintervalsafterthat,Iwasrudelyawokenbythecockthatlivesoppositeme.Fantastic!Inowhave5extraalarmseverymorning.Inthefollowingweeks,Ialsostartedtonoticeatrend.Thingsinmyflatstartedtobreakattherateofoneobjectperday,likethehotwaterline,bowls,cups,theshower,doorsorglassshelves.Yes,Iamclumsybutthingsjustfellapart.Ifitwasn'tbroken,itwouldeitherbedirtyormissing.Usingmywashingbasketforthefirsttimewasprettydisgusting.WhenItookoutmyclothes,theywereswiftlyfollowedbyahundredorsobugsthatwerelivinginthebottom.Asforthegenerallackofequipmentinthehouse,therewasnooven,tinopener,sharpknivesorpotatopeeler.Itturnedoutmakingaburgerfromscratchwasn'tthebestidea.Ihadasmallmicrowaveandagrill.IthoughtthegeneralunderstandingwasnevertoputmetalinamicrowavebutIwenton.Smokesoonstartedtoappear.IwasnotquitesureifitwastheburgerorthegrillbutassoonasIopenedthedoor,theelectricitycutout.Ispentthefollowing10minutesinadark,smokyroomhuntingforthepowerswitchusingthelightfrommymobilephone,whichbroketheweekafterandleftmewithoutaconnectiontotheouterworld.Luckily,I'mnowborrowingaphoneandmyluckhasreturned.Nomorethingshavebroken(probablybecausethereisnothinglefttobreak).I'vealsorealisedthatevenifaflatlookspretty,itdoesn'tmeanitscontentswork.Iamalsolearninghowtoadapttolifewithlimited,brokenutensils(用具)．1.Whatproblemdidtheauthorhaveinthemorning?A.Sheoftensleptlate.B.Heralarmfailedtowork.C.Shegotsomenoisyneighbours.D.Hersleepwasdisturbedbyarooster.2.WhatcanweknowabouttheauthorfromParagraph2?A.Shewasaverycarefulwoman.B.Shewasquitesatisfiedwithherflat.C.Herflatwasprettyoldbutcomfortable.D.Herhouseholdarticleswereinpoorcondition.3.Whathappenedwhentheauthorwasmakingaburger?A.Shewasseriouslyinjured.B.Shemadeaterriblemistake.C.Shebrokeherphoneaccidentally.D.Shesufferedasuddenpowerfailure.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Remainingoptimistic.B.Howtochooseaniceflat.C.Learningtoliveinanewflat.D.Whylivingabroadisnoteasy.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。“我”去西班牙的一個(gè)漂亮的小島上做英語(yǔ)老師，盡管居住的公寓里面的生活用品很老舊，“我”還是學(xué)會(huì)了如何利用有限的生活用品生活。1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“At4amandatseveralintervalsafterthat,Iwasrudelyawokenbythecockthatlivesoppositeme.”可知，作者的睡眠被公雞打鳴聲打擾了，故D項(xiàng)正確。2.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thingsinmyflatstartedtobreakattherateofoneobjectperday,likethehotwaterline,bowls,cups,theshower,doorsorglassshelves.”可知，作者所使用的日常用品很破舊，故D項(xiàng)正確。3.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Ihadasmallmicrowaveandagrill.IthoughtthegeneralunderstandingwasnevertoputmetalinamicrowavebutIwenton.Smokesoonstartedtoappear.”并結(jié)合該段其他內(nèi)容可知，作者將金屬烤架放進(jìn)微波爐里，啟動(dòng)后發(fā)生了故障，電源被切斷。據(jù)此可推知，作者在制作漢堡時(shí)犯了個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，故B項(xiàng)正確。4.C主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章最后一句“Iamalsolearninghowtoadapttolifewithlimited,brokenutensils(用具)．”是全文的主題句。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章通過(guò)講述作者在西班牙的一個(gè)小島上做英語(yǔ)老師時(shí)如何使用住房?jī)?nèi)的破舊日常用品生活的故事，說(shuō)明了應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)會(huì)適應(yīng)生活的道理，故C項(xiàng)正確。B“Joe?Isthatyou？”Thewomanspeakingtomeatthebaseballgamelookedalittlefamiliar.“Marci？”Iasked.“Itisyou！”shecriedout,smilingbroadly.“It'sgoodtoseeyouagain！”ItwasgoodtoseeMarci,too.Offandonduringthepastfewdecades,I'vewonderedabouther.Ialmosttriedtosearchforherafewyearsagoaftertalkingtoafriendwhohadindicatedthatthe1990shadbeenprettyroughforMarci.Someetingheratthebaseballgamewasreallyasurprise.Wespentafewminutestalkingaboutourlives—thegoodold,badolddays.ThenMarcigrewquietforamoment.“Youknow,Joe，”shesaid,“I'vealwayswantedtotellyouhow...how...sorryIamforthewayItreatedyou.Youmusthavebeenhurtbothphysicallyandmentally.”Iwasalittleembarrassed.Iturnedandlookedather.“It'sOK，”Isaid.“Nobigdeal！”“ButIwassuchajerk，”shecontinued.Yesyouwere,Ithought.“Wewerebothprettyyoung，”Ismiled.“Iknow，”shesaid.“It'sjustalwaysbotheredme,rememberinghowmeanIwastoyou.AndI'vewantedtotellyouthatI'msorry.”Theexpressiononherfacewaswarmandsincere.Andtherewassomethinginhereyes—itlookedalotlikerelief.“OK，”Isaid.“Apologyaccepted！”O(jiān)vercomebythesweetnessofthemoment,Ireachedanarmaroundherandgaveheraquickhug.Justthen,thecrowderuptedwithahugecheer,andMarciandIbothreturnedourattentiontothegame.BythetimeIlookedovertowhereshehadbeen,shewasgone.Butthewarm,wonderfulfeelingofourbriefexchangewasstillthere,andcontinuestothisdaywheneverIthinkaboutit.Itisn'tenoughtojustsay“I'msorry！”and“You'reforgiven！”.Butwhenthosewordsaretrulyfeltandsincerelyexpressed,theycanopenthedoortomiraclesoftheheart.Forgivenesscanbringpeacetoaninjuredsoul—evenyearsafterthefact.Evenatabaseballgame.5.WhatkindoflifedidMarciliveduringthelate20thcenturyaccordingtothepassage?A.Happy.B.Busy.C.Hard.D.Simple.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“jerk”inthethirdparagraphmean?A.Ahumorousperson.B.Acruelperson.C.Acarelessperson.D.Anhonestperson.7.WhydidMarcilookinreliefaftertalkingwiththeauthor?A.Becauseherfavouriteteamwonthegame.B.BecauseshelearnedJoewaslivingagoodlife.C.Becauseshemadeanapologytotheauthor.D.Becauseshefoundshewasnotmeananylonger.8.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ExcitementofaBaseballGameB.TheMentalBurdenofaWomanC.MiraclesofForgivenessD.ReliefofFindingaFriend【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。“我”在棒球賽場(chǎng)見(jiàn)到了多年未見(jiàn)的朋友Marci。她見(jiàn)到“我”后為以前那樣對(duì)待“我”向“我”真誠(chéng)地道歉，“我”立刻原諒了她。原來(lái)，原諒可以給受傷的心靈帶去慰藉。5.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Ialmosttriedtosearchforherafewyearsagoaftertalkingtoafriendwhohadindicatedthatthe1990shadbeenprettyroughforMarci.”可知，在20世紀(jì)90年代Marci生活得很艱難，故C項(xiàng)正確。6.B詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞下文中的“It'sjustalwaysbotheredme,rememberinghowmeanIwastoyou.”可知，當(dāng)時(shí)她對(duì)“我”很刻薄，這件事一直困擾著她，再結(jié)合下文可知，她認(rèn)為她是一個(gè)刻薄的人。據(jù)此可知，畫(huà)線詞與B項(xiàng)含義相近，故B項(xiàng)正確。7.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“‘AndI'vewantedtotellyouthatI'msorry.’Theexpressiononherfacewaswarmandsincere.Andtherewassomethinginhereyes—itlookedalotlikerelief.”可知，由于Marci向我真誠(chéng)地道了歉，所以她感到輕松了，故C項(xiàng)正確。8.C標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章最后兩句為全文的主題句。本文通過(guò)講述“我”接受朋友Marci的真誠(chéng)道歉，體會(huì)到原諒可以撫慰受傷的心靈的故事。故C項(xiàng)最適合作為本文標(biāo)題。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五ApologisingtheRightWaytoaFriendWhyareapologiessodifficult?Sayingyouaresorrycanbethemostdifficultthingyoudo.Butweallmakemistakes,soyou'llprobablyhaveanoccasionwhenyouneedtoapologise.Perhapsyouhadblownupatsomeoneandrealisedlateryoureactedpoorly.1.Whateverthereason,apologisingcanhelpyoubothhealandmoveonfromthesituation.2.First,youacknowledgethatyoudidsomethingwrong.Withanapology,youtakeresponsibilityforyouractions,whichallowsyourfriendtoforgiveyou.Second,anapologygivesyoursincerityasafriend.3，butthatdoesn'tmeanwestillshouldn'tapologise.Now,whatareelementsofaproperapology?4，dependingonwhattheoffensewas,whereitwasdone,andwhoyouareapologisingto.Ingeneral,agoodapologyshouldincludethefollowing:arequestfortheirattention,anacknowledgmentofwhathappened,sincerityinadmittingyoudidsomethingwrongandthewords“I'msorry”or“Iapologise”.Herearethingsnevertosaywhenapologising.Notethattheartofapologisinginvolvestakingresponsibility.Neverapologiseasawayto“shutsomeoneup”whentheyaresayingyouhurttheirfeelingsandyoudon'tthinkyoudid.5，youshouldtalkthingsthroughwithyourfriendsuntilyouseewhytheyarehurtorhowyoucameacross.You'llreallyneedtoself-reflectsoyoucanseethingsfromyourfriend'spointofview.A.WhenyoumakeyourapologyinpersonB.IfyoureallybelieveyoudidnothingwrongC.ApologiesbenefitfriendshipsinavarietyofwaysD.ThewayyouapologiseisgoingtobeslightlydifferentE.Ormaybeyoujustdidn'tshowsupportwhenyouneededtoF.Apologisingtherightway,however,maytakealittlepracticeG.Sometimesourpalsforgiveuseasilyfortheminorthingswedowrong【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了向朋友道歉的正確方法。1.E根據(jù)空后的“Whateverthereason”可知，空處與空前一句講的是向朋友道歉的原因，所以選項(xiàng)E與語(yǔ)境相符，且選項(xiàng)E中的“maybe”與空前一句中的“Perhaps”相呼應(yīng)，故選E。2.C空處位于段落句首主題句的位置。通讀該段可知，該段主要講的是道歉對(duì)友誼的好處，故C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。3.G根據(jù)空后的“butthatdoesn'tmeanwestillshouldn'tapologise”可知，G項(xiàng)“有時(shí)我們的好友輕易地就原諒了我們犯的小錯(cuò)誤”符合語(yǔ)境。4.D根據(jù)空后的“dependingon...whoyouareapologisingto”可知，D項(xiàng)“你道歉的方法要稍微不同”與之銜接自然，故選D。5.B根據(jù)空后的“youshouldtalkthingsthroughwithyourfriendsuntilyouseewhytheyarehurtorhowyoucameacross”可知，B項(xiàng)“如果你確實(shí)認(rèn)為你沒(méi)做錯(cuò)什么”與之聯(lián)系緊密，故選B。Ⅲ.應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作假定你是李華，你們學(xué)校的英國(guó)交換生Jeff準(zhǔn)備參加“外國(guó)人講中國(guó)成語(yǔ)(idiom)故事”比賽，他發(fā)郵件讓你給予輔導(dǎo)。請(qǐng)你給他回復(fù)一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.答應(yīng)幫助；2.提出建議；3.詢問(wèn)輔導(dǎo)時(shí)間與地點(diǎn)。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使