SFS,SCNUUnit1NeverSayGoodbye(3)SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUUnit1NeverSayGoodSFS,SCNUExercisesSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUExercisesSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUTextComprehensionSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUTextComprehensionSFSSFS,SCNUTextComprehensionCT,T,T,F,FSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUTextComprehensionCSFSFS,SCNUIII.(Para.12)Themerethoughtofhisson’sdeathinthatterriblewarinItalymakehimcry.(Para.12)Threemonths.(Paras.13and20)Theymean“Nevergiveintosadness.”(Para.13)Heaskedtheauthortoalwaysrememberthejoyandhappinessofthetimeswhenhefirstsaidhellotohisfriends.(Paras.14and15)Theauthorreturnedtotheoldhousebecausehisgrandpawasgravelyill.(Para.20)Hisgrandpamusthavefeltgreatlyrelievedwhenherealizedthattheauthorhadfinallyfoundouttheessenceofhiswords.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUIII.(Para.12)ThemSFS,SCNUIV.Ourbigoldhousehadseenthejoysandsorrowsoffourgenerationsofourfamily.Iplantedtheserosesalong,longtimeago,beforeyourmotherwasborn.Manysonslefthometofightagainstthefascists.Takethefirstfriendlygreetingandalwayskeepitdeepinyourheart.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUIV.OurbigoldhousSFS,SCNUVocabularyExercisesSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUVocabularyExercisesSSFS,SCNUI.beconfrontedwith=suddenlyfoundoneselffacedwithhaveonethingincommon=sharethesamecharacteristicsummerisanalwaystime=summerisaneverlastingseason

giveintosth.=letoneselfbeovercomebylockitawaywithinsb.=keepitinone’smindanddon’teverforgetitSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUI.beconfrontedwithSFS,SCNUII.1.instead2.Confrontedwith3.lockaway4.welledup5.summon6.brief7.stared8.whispering9.evil10.giveinSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUII.1.instead6SFS,SCNUIII.DBBBADBCSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUIII.DSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU1.anger:

astrongfeelingofwantingtohurtorcriticizesomeonebecausetheyhavedonesomethingbadtoyouorbeenunkindtoyou生氣discomfort:afeelingofslightpainorofbeingphysicallyuncomfortable不舒服unhappiness:thestateofbeingunhappy不快樂，不幸福anguish:mentalorphysicalsufferingcausedbyextremepainorworry痛苦SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU1.anger:astrongfSFS,SCNU2.special:notordinaryorusual,butdifferentinsomewayandoftenbetterormoreimportant特別的（與“平凡”相對）peculiar:strange,unfamiliar,oralittlesurprising（獨特的、奇特的）particular:(onlyusedbeforenoun)aparticularthingorpersonistheonethatyouaretalkingabout,andnotanyother（談話中）特指的、專指的（definite&specific）concrete:definite,positive具體的SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU2.special:notordiSFS,SCNU3.spend:touseyourmoneytopayforgoodsorservices

--(sb.spendtime/moneyon…)cost:tobeobtainableatthepriceof,requirethepaymentof

--(sth.costsb.)take:ifsomethingtakesaparticularamountoftime,money,effort,etc.,thatamountoftime,etc.isneededforittohappenorsucceed

--(ittakessb.…todo…)waste:tousemoremoney,time,energy,etc.thanisusefulorsensible浪費SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU3.spend:touseyourSFS,SCNU4.conspicuous:veryeasytonotice明顯地gracefully:movinginasmoothandattractiveway,orhavinganattractiveshapeorform優(yōu)雅地，得體地lonely:

(adj.)

unhappybecauseyouarealoneordonothaveanyonetotalkto孤獨的truly:usedtoemphasizethatthewayyouaredescribingsomethingisreallytrue

(=

really)真誠地SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU4.conspicuous:verySFS,SCNU5.last:happeningorcomingafterallothersimilarthingsorpeople最后的（順序上的最后一個）final:beingorhappeningattheendofaseriesofevents,actions,statements,etc.;beingtheresultofaparticularprocess最后的（具有決定性的，或能得到最終結(jié)果的）ending:(n.)thelastpartofastory;theactoffinishingsth.,thelastpartofsth.concluding:thelastremark,etc.inaneventorpieceofwriting最后的（具有總結(jié)性的）SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU5.last:happeningoSFS,SCNUAndlastbutnotleastthereisthequestionofadequatefunding.

Theprojectisinitsfinalstages.ThisistheconcludingsectionofChapter6.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUAndlastbutnotleasSFS,SCNU6.alone:

adv./adj.withoutanyfriends;withoutthehelpofotherpeopleorthings獨自lonely:

(adj.)

unhappybecauseyouarealoneordonothaveanyonetotalkto孤獨的（感受）hoarse:

adj.(ofapersonorvoice)soundingharsh,especiallybecauseofasorethroatgrave:(ofpeople)seriousinmanner,asifsth.sad,importantorworryinghasjusthappenedSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU6.alone:adv./adj.wiSFS,SCNUCarolfeltallaloneintheworld.Itishardbringingupchildrenalone.Don’tyougetlonelybeingonyourownallday?SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUCarolfeltallaloneSFS,SCNU7.give

up:tostoptryingtodosth.放棄give

in:toadmitthatyouhavebeendefeatedbysb./sth.屈服，投降（貶義）stop:tomakesb./sth.nolongerdosth.停止（中性）retreated(v.+adv./prep.)

:tochangeyourmindaboutsth.becauseofcriticismorbecauseasituationhasbecometoodifficult（因為受到批評或遇到困難等）退縮，畏縮，撤退SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU7.giveup:tostoptrSFS,SCNUThegovernmenthasretreatedfromitspledgetoreduceclasssize.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUThegovernmenthasreSFS,SCNU8.believe:tofeelcertainthatsth.istrueorthatsb.istellingyouthetruthnotice:toseeorhearsb./sth.;tobecomeawareofsb./sth.;topayattentiontosb./sth.留意到note:tomentionsth.becauseitisimportantorinteresting注意、強調(diào)（因為事情具有重要性）decide:tothinkcarefullyaboutthedifferentpossibilitiesthatareavailableandthenchooseoneofthemSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU8.believe:tofeelSFS,SCNUShewearsthosestrangeclothesjusttogetherselfnoticed.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUShewearsthosestranSFS,SCNUIV.shuddershakeshudder:suggestshorror,revulsion,orextremepleasureaspossiblecausesfortheinvoluntarymovementthatislessnoticeabletoanonlooker.shake:tomoveorcausetomoveupanddownorbackandforthwithshortquickmovement;vibrateSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUIV.shuddershakeSFSSFS,SCNUanswerreplyBothwordscanbeusedasnounandverbrespectively.Asnoun,whenaquestionisasked,anywordsoractionsinreturn,oranysatisfactoryconclusion,maybecalledananswer;ananswerintheformofastatementappropriatetothequestionisareply.Asverb,answeristransitivewhilereplyintransitive.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUanswerreplySFS,SCNSFS,SCNUcommongeneralgeneralmeanscurrentamongthemajorityofthepersons,things,orclassspecified;(普遍的)commonappliestomanyoralargepart.(常見的)SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUcommongeneralSFS,SSFS,SCNUsmalltinySmallsuggestsaslightreductionofproportionsthatisnoticeablebutnotnecessarilyobjectionable;tinyreferstosodrasticreductionofscaleastoputthethingdescribedoutsideestablishednorms,aswellassuggestingaminiatureormodelofsomething.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUsmalltinySFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUV.1.pain,grief,sorrow,agony2.loudly,harshly,roughly3.sorrow,grief,dismay4.inconspicuously,unnoticeably5.small,little6.meet,gather7.seriously,severely,hopelessly8.lengthy,longSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUV.1.pain,grief,soSFS,SCNUVI.industrialdescriptionsuspicionassistantunemployedproofexaminationfurtherSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUVI.industrialSFS,SCNSFS,SCNUindustry(n.)工業(yè)、行業(yè)；勤奮industrial(adj.)工業(yè)的；用于工業(yè)的；工業(yè)發(fā)達的industrious(adj.)勤奮的、勤勞的industriously(adv.)勤勞地、勤奮地industriousness(n.)勤奮、勤勞1.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUindustry(n.)工業(yè)、行業(yè)；勤SFS,SCNUdescribe(v.)

描述某人（某物）；叫做、稱做；畫（尤指幾何圖形）description(n.)對某人（某物）的描述、敘述descriptive(adj.)描述的、描寫的2.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUdescribe(v.)SFS,SCNUsuspect(v.)有（某事物）存在或?qū)賹嵉南敕ǎ嘈?；懷疑（某物），不相信；懷疑某人有某罪suspect(n.)嫌疑犯，可疑對象suspect(adj.)不可靠的；不可信的；可疑的suspicion(n.)懷疑；猜疑；些許味道，少量suspicious(adj.)有疑心的，表示懷疑的；引起懷疑的，可疑的unsuspecting(adj.)不懷疑的，無猜疑的，可信任的3.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUsuspect(v.)有（某事物）存在SFS,SCNUassist(v.)幫助、協(xié)助、援助；在某場合出席，參加某事物assistance(n.)幫忙，援助assistant(n.)助手、助理；店員assistant(adj.)（定語）協(xié)理、副經(jīng)理4.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUassist(v.)SFS,SCNUemploy(v.)雇用某人；使用某人（某物），利用（時間、注意力等）employee(n.)受雇者；雇員；雇工employer(n.)雇用者；雇主employment(n.)雇用；使用；受雇用；職業(yè)unemployed(adj.)未被雇用的；失業(yè)的；不在使用中的unemployment(n.)失業(yè)；失業(yè)狀況；失業(yè)人數(shù)

5.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUemploy(v.)雇用某人；使用某人SFS,SCNUprove(v.)證明、證實；顯示出是某事物proof(n.)證據(jù)、證物、證言；驗證、證明proof(adj.)可防某事物的，有防護作用的；能抵御某事物的；（用以構(gòu)成復合詞）抗……的；防……的disprove(v.)證明（某事物）有誤或有假disproof(n.)反證明；反證物6.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUprove(v.)證明、證實；顯示出是SFS,SCNUGrammarExercisesSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUGrammarExercisesSFS,SFS,SCNUsimplepast1）Thesimplepasttenseisusedtotalkaboutcompletedactionsandhabitsinthepast.2）Pasttenseofverbssuchaswant,wonder,hopeisusedforpoliteinquiries（knownasattitudinalpast）.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUsimplepast1）ThesimpSFS,SCNUPastprogressive:1）Thepastprogressiveindicatesalimiteddurationoftimeandisthusaconvenientwaytoindicatethatsomethingtookplace(inthesimplepast)whilesomethingelsewashappening.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUPastprogressive:1）ThSFS,SCNU2）Thepastprogressivecanexpressincompleteaction.(asopposedtothesimplepast,whichsuggestsacompletedaction)e.g.Carloslosthiswatchwhilehewasrunning.IwassleepingonthecouchwhenBertiesmashedthroughthedoor.Isleptonthecouchlastnight.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU2）ThepastprogressivSFS,SCNU3）Thepastprogressiveisalsousedtoindicateahabitualactioninthepast.e.g.Tashondawasalwayshandinginlatepapers.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU3）ThepastprogressiSFS,SCNU4)Weusethepastprogressiveofverbssuchaswondertoshowpoliteness.e.g.Iwaswonderingifyoucouldgivemealift.※Thisuseisevenmorepoliteandtentativethanthesimplepast.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU4)WeusethepastprSFS,SCNUPastPerfectThepastperfecttenseexpressestheideathatsomethingoccurredbeforeanotheractioninthepast.Itcanalsoshowthatsomethinghappenedbeforeaspecifictimeinthepast.e.g.IhadneverseensuchabeautifulbeachbeforeIwenttoKauai.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUPastPerfectThepastSFS,SCNUI.werebathing,werelooking,wereplayingwassitting,wasreadingwasleaving,was,arrived,learned,hadleft,found,hadusedwereplaying,heard,hid,tookwascrying,stepped,wasgoing,managed,didn’thitgave,thanked,said,hadenjoyed,knew,hadnotread,werehadplayed,reached,enteredwasrunning,struckSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUI.werebathing,werSFS,SCNUII.left,spent,hadbeentravelling,appeared,was,werecrossing,couldarrived,wassleeping,stopped,came,weregetting,was,hadnotarrived,wouldbeSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUII.left,spent,hadbSFS,SCNUIII.…,hetalked...–hewastalkingwhenIhadremembered–whenIrememberedHewasworking–hehadbeenworkingthePrimeMinisterhadresigned–thePrimeMinisterresignedSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUIII.…,hetalked...SFS,SCNUcausativeverbsandsenseverbs1）causativeverbs(使役動詞)andsenseverbs/perceptionverbs(感官動詞):感官動詞如：hear,feel,listento,lookat,watch,notice,observe,perceive,note等；使役動詞如let,make,have,bid等。v.+sb.do/doingsth.兩者區(qū)別是：不定式賓補表示動作的完成；分詞賓補表示動作正在進行，尚未完成；另外，動詞的不定式表示動作的一次性，而分詞作賓補表示動作的反復。如：Isawasoldiergetonthetrainanddisappeared.Isawasoldiergettingonthetrain.Sheheardthedoorslam.Sheheardthedoorslamming.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUcausativeverbsandsSFS,SCNU2）v.+sth.done/adj.e.g.Ihavehadmywalletstolen.Isawapedestrianknockeddownbythetruckintheaccident.這些動詞用在被動語態(tài)中時，須補上被省略掉的不定式符號to。e.g.Thebusescouldbeseentocomeandgoinabusystreet.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU2）v.+sth.done/adSFS,SCNUIV.taketoplaylifted,thrownbarkingplayedtosaybeatenbite,slitherdroplyingSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUIV.takeSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUV.Rewritingcomplement/adverbial+as/though+subject+predicateverbPooras/thoughhewas,Terribleas/thoughthestormwas,Hardas/thoughhetried,Tiredas/thoughIwas,MuchasIwouldliketohelpyou,MuchasIadmirehimasawriter,Strongas/thoughhewas,Bravelyas/thoughtheyfought,SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUV.RewritingcomplemeSFS,SCNUTranslationExercisesSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUTranslationExercisesSFS,SCNUI.E–C我10歲那年，突然要搬家，從我唯一知道的家搬走，我心中痛苦萬分。我們似乎有許多不同的方式說再見，但它們都有一個共同之處，那就是令人感到悲哀。有一天，一場可怕的戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)了，我的兒子，就像許許多多的別人家的兒子一樣，離鄉(xiāng)背井去參加反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭了。我在自己的心靈深處搜尋那些構(gòu)成我們友誼的特殊感情。SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUI.E–C我10歲那年，突然要搬SFS,SCNUII.C–EHehaspreparedanswerstothequestionsthatheexpectstoconfrontduringtheinterview.Hissadstorytouchedussodeeplythatwenearlycried.Thetwoofthemarewalkinghandinhandalongtheriverbank,chattingandlaughing.Whenheheardtheexcitingnews,tearsofjoywelledupinhiseyes.PeoplefromShanghaicanunderstandSuzhoudialectwithease,forShanghaidialectandSuzhoudialecthavemuchincommon.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUII.C–EHehaspreSFS,SCNUHenryandhiswifearelookingintothepossibilityofbuyinganewhousewithinthreeyears.Hefinallygaveintohisdaughter’srepeatedrequeststofurtherhereducationabroad.Welockedallourvaluablesawaybeforewewentonholiday.Althoughwehavepartedfromeachother,Ihopethatwewillremaingoodfriendsandthatwewillcareforandhelpeachotherjustaswedidinthepast.Atthatcriticalmoment,thearmycommandersummonedalltheofficerstoworkoutnewstrategiesandtacticswhichwouldmakeitpossibletoconquertheenemy.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUHenryandhiswifearSFS,SCNUSentenceFragmentsSomewritersusefragmentsintheirwritingasarhetoricaldevicetoachievesomespecificeffects.Butforinexperiencedwriterslikeourstudents,theoccurrenceoffragmentsismostlikelyduetoaweaksenseofgrammaroraconfusionofideas,orboth.Generallyspeaking,sentencefragmentsthatmadebystudentscanbedividedintothefollowing:WritingSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUSentenceFragmentsWriSFS,SCNUA.Missing-subjectfragments

AMissing-subjectfragmenthasnosubject.Itcomesaboutwhenawriterclosesasentencebutthenthinksofanotherdetailtoexplainwhathejustsaid.

Toimprovesuchafragment,attachittothesentencebeforeorafter,oraddthemissingsubjecttothefragmenttocreateacompletesentence.WritingSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUA.Missing-subjectfrSFS,SCNUExample:Fragment:Heisanindependentdevil.Thinkforhimself.Revised:Heisanindependentdevilandthinksforhimself.b.Heisanindependentdevil.Hethinksforhimself.Attachthelooseverbthinktotheoriginalsentence.AddthesubjectHetothefragment.

WritingSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUExample:HeisanindeSFS,SCNUB.Dependent-wordfragmentsAdependent-wordfragmentisadependentclauseorasubordinateclause.Itispatternedlikeasentence,withbothasubjectandaverbinit,butbeginswithawordthatmarksitassubordinate.

Toeliminateafragmentofthiskind,attachittoanadjoiningsentenceordeletethedependentword.WritingSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUB.Dependent-wordfraSFS,SCNUExample:Fragment:Thedecisionseemsfair.Becauseitconsidersallparties.Revised:Thedecisionseemsfairbecauseitconsidersallparties.b.Thedecisionseemsfair.Itconsidersallparties.Attachthefragmenttothemainclause.Deletethedependentwordbecause,andchangethesubordinateclausetoacompletesentence.WritingSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUExample:ThedecisionSFS,SCNUC.-ingfragmentsAn-ingfragmentbeginswithapresentparticipleoragerund,buthasnosubjectorverb.

Tocorrectsuchafragment,attachittothesentencebeforeorafter,orchangethe–ingverbtootherword.WritingSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUC.-ingfragmentsSFS,SCNUExample:Fragment:Seattleisawonderfulplacetolive.Havingmountains,ocean,andforestsallwithineasydrivingdistance.Revised:Havingmountains,ocean,andforestsallwithineasydrivingdistance,Seattleisawonderfulplacetolive.b.Seattleisawonderfulplacetolive,withmountains,ocean,andforestsallwithineasydrivingdistance.Attachthe-ingfragmenttothesentencebefore.

Changethe–ingverbtowithsoastomakethefragmenttobeapartofthesentencebefore.

WritingSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUExample:HavingmountSFS,SCNUD.Tofragments

Atofragmentbeginswithato-infinitivebuthasnosubjectorverb.

Tocorrectsuchafragment,attachittothesentencebeforeorafter,oraddasubjectandchangetheto-infinitiveintoitscorrectform.WritingSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUD.TofragmentsSFS,SCNUExample:Fragment:Hehasonepurposeinlife.Toenablehismothertoleadaletterlife.

Revised:

Hehasonlyonepurposeinlife.Hewantstoenablehismothertoleadabetterlife.b.Hehasonepurposeinlife:toenablehismothertoleadabetterlife.AddthesubjectHeandverbwanttothetofragmenttomakeitacompletesentence.Changethetofragmenttobeapartofthesentencebefore.WritingSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUExample:HehasonlySFS,SCNUE.Added-detailfragments

Added-detailfragmentsarejustphrasesstandingalone.Writerswanttoaddsomethingthatisseparatefromthepreviouspart.Hereislistofwordstowatchoutfor:especially,including,except,noteven,particularly,suchas,

inaddition,forexampleandotheradverbialorprepositionalphrases.WritingSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUE.Added-detailfragmSFS,SCNUExample:Fragment:

TheSouthhasproducedsomeofourgreatesttwentiethcenturywriters.SuchasWilliamFaulkner,AliceWalker,andThomasWolfe.Revised:

TheSouthhasproducedsomeofourgreatesttwentiethcenturywriters,suchasWilliamFaulkner,AliceWalker,andThomasWolfe.ChangetheAdded-detailfragmenttobeapartofthesentencebefore.WritingSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUExample:TheSouthhasSFS,SCNUPractice1.Becausewewanttodosomethingperfectly.(Adependent-wordfragment)a.Wewanttodosomethingperfectly.b.Sometimeswetendtoputoffwhatwecandotodaytilltomorrowsimplybecausewewanttodosomethingperfectly.2.Forexample,astrictcontrolovertheaccesstothesecretdata.(Anadded-detailfragment)Forexample,astrictcontrolovertheaccesstothesecretdatashouldn’tbeabsent.WritingSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUPracticea.WewanttoSFS,SCNU3.Beingbornandbredinacity.(An-ingfragment)5.Thedogranaroundtheyard.Tofindtheball.(Ato

fragment)a.Iwasbornandbredinacity.b.Beingbornandbredinacity,Iaminterestedineverythinginthecountryside.Thedogranaroundtheyardtofindtheball.4.Thosewhocanseeopportunityandarepreparedtotakeadvantageofit.(Adependent-wordfragment)a.Thosepeoplecansee…b.Luckypeoplearethosewho…WritingSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU3.BeingbornandbreSFS,SCNU6.ManyuniqueanimalsliveinAustralia.Suchasthekangarooandthekoala.(Anadded-detailfragment)ManyuniqueanimalsliveinAustralia,suchasthekangarooandthekoala.8.Youfeelrewardedforyourhardwork.Andgetspiritualorsometimesmaterialsatisfaction.(Amissing-subjectfragment)Youfeelrewardedforyourhardworkandgetspiritualorsometimesmaterialsatisfaction.7.“Ifonly”isagreatexcuse.Especiallyifit’ssomethingtotallyoutofyourcontrol.(Anadded-detailfragment)…,especially…WritingSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU6.ManyuniqueanimalSFS,SCNU9.Thebirdflewthroughtheair.Swoopinganddiving.(An–ingfragment)…,swoopinganddiving.10.Themoonhunginthesky.Likeabrilliantsilverdisk.(Anadded-detailfragment)…,like…WritingSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU9.ThebirdflewthrSFS,SCNUThanksforyourattention!SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUThanksforyourattenSFS,SCNUUnit1NeverSayGoodbye(3)SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUUnit1NeverSayGoodSFS,SCNUExercisesSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUExercisesSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUTextComprehensionSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUTextComprehensionSFSSFS,SCNUTextComprehensionCT,T,T,F,FSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUTextComprehensionCSFSFS,SCNUIII.(Para.12)Themerethoughtofhisson’sdeathinthatterriblewarinItalymakehimcry.(Para.12)Threemonths.(Paras.13and20)Theymean“Nevergiveintosadness.”(Para.13)Heaskedtheauthortoalwaysrememberthejoyandhappinessofthetimeswhenhefirstsaidhellotohisfriends.(Paras.14and15)Theauthorreturnedtotheoldhousebecausehisgrandpawasgravelyill.(Para.20)Hisgrandpamusthavefeltgreatlyrelievedwhenherealizedthattheauthorhadfinallyfoundouttheessenceofhiswords.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUIII.(Para.12)ThemSFS,SCNUIV.Ourbigoldhousehadseenthejoysandsorrowsoffourgenerationsofourfamily.Iplantedtheserosesalong,longtimeago,beforeyourmotherwasborn.Manysonslefthometofightagainstthefascists.Takethefirstfriendlygreetingandalwayskeepitdeepinyourheart.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUIV.OurbigoldhousSFS,SCNUVocabularyExercisesSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUVocabularyExercisesSSFS,SCNUI.beconfrontedwith=suddenlyfoundoneselffacedwithhaveonethingincommon=sharethesamecharacteristicsummerisanalwaystime=summerisaneverlastingseason

giveintosth.=letoneselfbeovercomebylockitawaywithinsb.=keepitinone’smindanddon’teverforgetitSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUI.beconfrontedwithSFS,SCNUII.1.instead2.Confrontedwith3.lockaway4.welledup5.summon6.brief7.stared8.whispering9.evil10.giveinSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUII.1.instead6SFS,SCNUIII.DBBBADBCSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUIII.DSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU1.anger:

astrongfeelingofwantingtohurtorcriticizesomeonebecausetheyhavedonesomethingbadtoyouorbeenunkindtoyou生氣discomfort:afeelingofslightpainorofbeingphysicallyuncomfortable不舒服unhappiness:thestateofbeingunhappy不快樂，不幸福anguish:mentalorphysicalsufferingcausedbyextremepainorworry痛苦SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU1.anger:astrongfSFS,SCNU2.special:notordinaryorusual,butdifferentinsomewayandoftenbetterormoreimportant特別的（與“平凡”相對）peculiar:strange,unfamiliar,oralittlesurprising（獨特的、奇特的）particular:(onlyusedbeforenoun)aparticularthingorpersonistheonethatyouaretalkingabout,andnotanyother（談話中）特指的、專指的（definite&specific）concrete:definite,positive具體的SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU2.special:notordiSFS,SCNU3.spend:touseyourmoneytopayforgoodsorservices

--(sb.spendtime/moneyon…)cost:tobeobtainableatthepriceof,requirethepaymentof

--(sth.costsb.)take:ifsomethingtakesaparticularamountoftime,money,effort,etc.,thatamountoftime,etc.isneededforittohappenorsucceed

--(ittakessb.…todo…)waste:tousemoremoney,time,energy,etc.thanisusefulorsensible浪費SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU3.spend:touseyourSFS,SCNU4.conspicuous:veryeasytonotice明顯地gracefully:movinginasmoothandattractiveway,orhavinganattractiveshapeorform優(yōu)雅地，得體地lonely:

(adj.)

unhappybecauseyouarealoneordonothaveanyonetotalkto孤獨的truly:usedtoemphasizethatthewayyouaredescribingsomethingisreallytrue

(=

really)真誠地SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU4.conspicuous:verySFS,SCNU5.last:happeningorcomingafterallothersimilarthingsorpeople最后的（順序上的最后一個）final:beingorhappeningattheendofaseriesofevents,actions,statements,etc.;beingtheresultofaparticularprocess最后的（具有決定性的，或能得到最終結(jié)果的）ending:(n.)thelastpartofastory;theactoffinishingsth.,thelastpartofsth.concluding:thelastremark,etc.inaneventorpieceofwriting最后的（具有總結(jié)性的）SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU5.last:happeningoSFS,SCNUAndlastbutnotleastthereisthequestionofadequatefunding.

Theprojectisinitsfinalstages.ThisistheconcludingsectionofChapter6.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUAndlastbutnotleasSFS,SCNU6.alone:

adv./adj.withoutanyfriends;withoutthehelpofotherpeopleorthings獨自lonely:

(adj.)

unhappybecauseyouarealoneordonothaveanyonetotalkto孤獨的（感受）hoarse:

adj.(ofapersonorvoice)soundingharsh,especiallybecauseofasorethroatgrave:(ofpeople)seriousinmanner,asifsth.sad,importantorworryinghasjusthappenedSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU6.alone:adv./adj.wiSFS,SCNUCarolfeltallaloneintheworld.Itishardbringingupchildrenalone.Don’tyougetlonelybeingonyourownallday?SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUCarolfeltallaloneSFS,SCNU7.give

up:tostoptryingtodosth.放棄give

in:toadmitthatyouhavebeendefeatedbysb./sth.屈服，投降（貶義）stop:tomakesb./sth.nolongerdosth.停止（中性）retreated(v.+adv./prep.)

:tochangeyourmindaboutsth.becauseofcriticismorbecauseasituationhasbecometoodifficult（因為受到批評或遇到困難等）退縮，畏縮，撤退SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU7.giveup:tostoptrSFS,SCNUThegovernmenthasretreatedfromitspledgetoreduceclasssize.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUThegovernmenthasreSFS,SCNU8.believe:tofeelcertainthatsth.istrueorthatsb.istellingyouthetruthnotice:toseeorhearsb./sth.;tobecomeawareofsb./sth.;topayattentiontosb./sth.留意到note:tomentionsth.becauseitisimportantorinteresting注意、強調(diào)（因為事情具有重要性）decide:tothinkcarefullyaboutthedifferentpossibilitiesthatareavailableandthenchooseoneofthemSFS,SCNUSFS,SCNU8.believe:tofeelSFS,SCNUShewearsthosestrangeclothesjusttogetherselfnoticed.SFS,SCNUSFS,SCNUShewearsthosestranSFS,SCNUIV.shuddershakeshudder:suggestshorror,revulsion,orextremepleasureaspossiblecausesfortheinvoluntarymovementthatislessnoticeabletoanonlooker.shake:tomoveorcausetomoveupanddownorbackandforthwithshortquickmove