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住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-對外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I(帶答案詳解)(圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.翻譯題
TranslatethefollowingpassagefromEnglishtoChinese
Naturecontainstheelements,incolorandform,ofallpictures,asthekeyboardcontainsthenotesofallmusic.
Buttheartistisborntopick,andchoose;andgroupwithscience,theseelements,thattheresultmaybebeautifulasthemusiciangathershisnotes,andformshischords,untilhebringsforthfromchaosgloriousharmony.
Tosaytothepainter,thatNatureistobetakenassheis,istosaytotheplayer,thathemaysitonthepiano...
Thedignityofthesnow-cappedmountainislostindistinctness,butthejoyofthetourististorecognizethetraveleronthetop.Thedesiretosee,forthesakeofseeing,is,withthemass,alonetheonetobegratified,hencethedelightindetail.
【答案】在色彩和形狀方面,大自然包含所有的圖畫元素,如同鍵盤包含所有的音樂的音符一樣。
但是藝術(shù)家生來就有挑選和選擇的能力,將它們巧妙地結(jié)合在一起,構(gòu)成一幅美麗的圖畫,如同音樂家用聲音譜成和音,從混亂無序的聲音中創(chuàng)作出動聽和諧的樂曲一樣。
對畫家來說,他可以按照大自然本來的樣子創(chuàng)作,就等同對演奏家說,他可以坐在鋼琴……
白雪皚皚的高山若是變得清晰可見就失去了它的威嚴(yán),但觀光者的快樂在于能看到山頂上的游客。對于大多數(shù)人,只是為了看見而要看見,只是為了使這個愿望得到滿足,因此,他們以能一睹細(xì)節(jié)為快。
2.翻譯題
Unemploymentandinflation
Thebest-knownapplicationofrationalexpectationsmodelshasbeentoaninterpretationoftheobservedrelationbetweenunemploymentandinflation.A.W.Phillips(1958)notedanegativerelationbetweentheunemploymentrateandthewageinflationrateintheUnitedKingdombetween1861and1957.AsimilarrelationwasfoundalsointheUnitedStatesformuchofthesamesampleperiod.Sincethen,thenegativerelationhasbrokendown.Lucas(1976)andSargentandWallace(1973)offeredinterpretationsofthePhillipsrelationanditssubsequentbreakdown.Initssimplestterms:thisinterpretationassertsthattheremaybeastablerelationbetweenunemploymentandunexpectedinflation.Unexpectedinflationmaycausejobseekerstomisperceivetherealvalueofwageofferstheyhavereceived,andthustoacceptoffersthattheywouldnothaveacceptediftheyhadknownthetruerealwagetheyweregetting.Byacceptingthesejobs,theylowertheunemploymentrate.IntheperiodPhillipsstudiedthepricelevelmighthavebeenwell-enoughapproximatedbyarandomwalkthatactualinflationmayhaveapproximatelyequaledunexpectedinflation.Sincethen,wheninflationhasbecomemuchmoreseriallycorrelated,actualandexpectedinflationmayhavedivergedwidely.
【答案】失業(yè)和通貨膨脹
最著名的理性預(yù)期模型的應(yīng)用己經(jīng)是對觀察到的失業(yè)率和通貨膨脹之間關(guān)系的一種解釋。A.W.Phniips(1958)指出,在1861年至1957年,聯(lián)合王國的失業(yè)率與工資通貨膨脹率之間存在著消極關(guān)系。在美國也發(fā)現(xiàn)了類似的關(guān)系,大部分是相同的樣本周期。從那時起,消極的關(guān)系已經(jīng)破裂了。Lucas(1976)、Sargent和Wallace(1973)給出了Phillips關(guān)系及其隨后破裂的解釋。最簡單的說法是:這個解釋聲稱,失業(yè)和預(yù)期外的通貨膨脹之間可能存在穩(wěn)定的關(guān)系。預(yù)期外的通貨膨脹可能導(dǎo)致求職者錯估了他們所收到的工資待遇的真實價值,因此才接受了這些工作。如果他們知道真正的實際工資,他們是不會接受的。通過接受這些工作,他們降低了失業(yè)率。在這期間,Phillips研究價格水平可能非常的接近隨機理論,即實際通貨膨脹可能約等于預(yù)期外的通貨膨脹。從那時起,當(dāng)通貨膨脹變得更錯綜復(fù)雜,實際和預(yù)期的通貨膨脹可能有廣泛的分歧。
3.單選題
Threecenturiesago,aDutchmathematiciannamedChristianHuygensinventedanewreligion.Hedidn’tmeanto.Allhedidwastobuildapendulumclockthatallowedpeople,forthefirsttimeinhistory,tokeeptrackofhoursandminutesaccurately.Yes,itwillgetalotofattentionaroundtheglobeonNewYear’sEve,butthatistheexception.Manyculturesstillmarchtodifferentdrummers.TimeseemstomovefasterinFrankfurtthaninSanSalvador.MonksinBurmaknowitistimetogetupwhenthereisenoughlighttoseetheveinsintheirhands,andshowingupontimeiscauseforridiculeinMexico.
RobertLevineandhisresearchersvisitedcitiesaroundtheworldtomeasuretheaccuracyofpublicclocksandtotimehowlongittakesdowntownpedestrianstowalk60feetandpostalclerkstosellastamp.
InSwitzerland,clocksaresloworfastbyanaverageofjust19seconds.InBrazil,onemanwasmorethanthreehoursoffwhenhetoldLevineitwas“exactly2:14.”AtthecentralpostofficeinJakarta,Levinewassentoutsidetostreetvendors.
MuchoftheworldlivesonwhatLevinecallseventtime.InParis,youmightsetabusinessmeetingfor3p.m,butinBurundi,youmightagreetomeetwhenthecowsreturnfromthewateringhole.InMadagascar,ifyouaskhowlongittakestogettothenearestmarket,yougetananswerlikethetimeittakestocookrice.
Ifthatsoundsappealing,don’tbetoohastytomoveabroad.Clockaddictionistoughtobreak.Learninganewpaceoflifeislikemasteringaforeignlanguage.Andtherearedrawbackstotimelessliving.Youmightbeabletoshowupforworkatyourconvenience.Butyoucouldspendadayormorewaitingtomakeatelephonecall.YoufeelslightedintheUnitedStatesifyourlunchdatenevershows,butinKenya,aperfectlyreasonableexcuseisthatonthewaytomeetyou,heranintoafriendanddecidedtojoinhimforlunchinstead.
LevineseemstothinkthattheWestisbecomingmoredevotedtotheclockwitheachpassingminute.
Anewatomicclockissoaccuratethatitwon’tbeoffbymorethanasecondamillionyearsfromnow.Andclockworshipappearstobespreadingtothedevelopingworld,wherevendorshawkwatchesoncitystreets.
Butoftentheyaresellingprestigeratherthanpunctuality.Onsomeoftheirwatches,thehandsdon’tmove.
1.Whichofthefollowingassumptionsaboutclockisexpressedinthepassage?
2.TheauthorquotestheexamplethatclocksinSwitzerlandaresloworfastbyanaverageofjust19secondswhileinBrazil,onemanwasmorethanthreehoursoffinordertoimply().
3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
4.IntheWest,peopletendtodothings().
問題1選項
A.Itwasinventedinthesixteenthcentury.
B.Inmoderntimes,clockisindispensabletopeople’slives.
C.Theprevalenceoftheclockwasbeyondtheexpectationoftheinventor.
D.Whilemovingabroad,peoplewillgiveupclockandadaptthemselvestotimelessliving.
問題2選項
A.clocksaremoreaccurateinSwitzerlandthaninBrazil
B.clocksmadeinSwitzerlandaremuchbetterinqualitythanthoseinBrazil
C.timemovesfasterinSwitzerlandthaninBrazil
D.peopleinSwitzerlandhavestrongersenseoftimethanBrazilians
問題3選項
A.Peoplefromthedevelopingworldbegintoregardbeingontimeasveryimportant.
B.ThepaceoflifeinJakartaiscomparativelyslow.
C.InMexico,peoplewillbelaughedatiftheyareontime.
D.PeopleinBurmadothingsaccordingtotheeventtime.
問題4選項
A.accordingtoclocktime
B.accordingtoeventtime
C.attheirconvenience
D.withnoregardtotime
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:D
第3題:D
第4題:A
【解析】1.判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“assumptionsaboutclock”定位到文章第一段“Allhedidwastobuildapendulumclockthatallowedpeople,forthefirsttimeinhistory,tokeeptrackofhoursandminutesaccurately.Yes,itwillgetalotofattentionaroundtheglobeonNewYear’sEve,butthatistheexception.”可知他只是建造了一個鐘擺鐘,使人們有史以來第一次能夠準(zhǔn)確地記錄小時和分鐘。在除夕夜,它會得到全世界的關(guān)注,但這是一件異常的事??膳袛喑鰰r鐘的普及和被關(guān)注是發(fā)明者未能預(yù)料的事情,故選項C符合題意。
2.判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Switzerland,Brazil”定位到文章第二段“InSwitzerland,clocksaresloworfastbyanaverageofjust19seconds.InBrazil,onemanwasmorethanthreehoursoffwhenhetoldLevineitwas‘exactly2:14.’”,可知在瑞士,時鐘的平均快慢只有19秒,而在巴西,有個人休息了三個多小時,但他卻告訴萊文時間是2:14。下文繼續(xù)列舉了一系列一些例子,體現(xiàn)出不同國家的時間觀念。可判斷出作者列舉瑞士和巴西的例子,是為了說明瑞士人相比巴西人有更強的時間觀念。故選項D符合題意。
3.判斷推理題。由A項“developingworld”定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段“Andclockworshipappearstobespreadingtothedevelopingworld,wherevendorshawkwatchesoncitystreets.”可知,對鐘表的崇拜似乎正在向發(fā)展中國家蔓延,在那里,小販們在城市街道上兜售手表。可判斷出發(fā)展中國家的人越來越崇拜鐘表,時間觀念也越來越強。故選項A符合文意,可排除。B項文章沒有提及,可排除。由C項“Mexico”定位到文章第一段“...showingupontimeiscauseforridiculeinMexico.”,可知在墨西哥,準(zhǔn)時赴約會遭到人們的嘲笑。故選項C符合文意,可排除。由C項中的關(guān)鍵詞“Burma”定位到原文第一段“MonksinBurmaknowitistimetogetupwhenthereisenoughlighttoseetheveinsintheirhands…”可知,對于緬甸的僧侶們來說,當(dāng)有足夠的光線看到他們手上的血管時,就該起床了??膳袛喑鼍挼榈臅r間觀念并不強,也不是按照某個時間發(fā)生的時間來衡量時間的。故選項D符合題意。
4.判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“West”定位到文章倒數(shù)第三段“LevineseemstothinkthattheWestisbecomingmoredevotedtotheclockwitheachpassingminute.”可知Levine似乎認(rèn)為,隨著時間的流逝,西方國家對時鐘的關(guān)注越來越多。第四段中也提及“InParis,youmightsetabusinessmeetingfor3p.m…”在法國巴黎,你可以把商務(wù)會議安排在下午三點。可判斷出西方人是非常守時的,會按鐘表的時間來辦事。故選項A符合題意。
4.問答題
Toattractcapital,smallbanksarealwayswillingtoraisetheirdepositratestothehigherendof
A
B
thegovernment-setbandtoattractcapital,whilebigplayersusuallykeeptheirratesata
C
D
discountof10percent.
【答案】試題答案:B;upperend
【解析】考查詞義。higherend意為“高端”,表示等級、檔次等較高的;upperend意為“上端”,
theupperendgovernment-setband此處表示“政府設(shè)置的上線值”。
5.單選題
Extraordinarycreativeactivityhasbeencharacterizedasrevolutionary,flyinginthefaceofwhatisestablishedandproducingnotwhatisacceptablebutwhatwillbecomeaccepted.Accordingtothisformulation,highlycreativeactivitytranscendsthelimitsofanexistingformandestablishesanewprincipleoforganization.However,theideathatextraordinarycreativitytranscendsestablishedlimitsismisleadingwhenitisappliedtothearts,eventhoughitmaybevalidforthesciences.Differencesbetweenhighlycreativeartandhighlycreativescienceariseinpartfromadifferenceintheirgoals.Forthesciences,anewtheoryisthegoalandendresultofthecreativeact.Innovativescienceproducesnewpropositionsintermsofwhichdiversephenomenacanberelatedtooneanotherinmorecoherentways.Suchphenomenaasabrilliantdiamondoranestlingbirdarerelegatedtotheroleofdata,servingasthemeansforformulatingortestinganewtheory.Thegoalofhighlycreativeartisverydifferent:thephenomenonitselfbecomesthedirectproductofthecreativeact.Shakespeare’sHamletisnotatractaboutthebehaviorofindecisiveprincesortheusesofpoliticalpower:norisPicasso’spainting“Guernica”primarilyapropositionalstatementabouttheSpanishCivilWarortheevilsoffascism.Whathighlycreativeartisticactivityproducesisnotanewgeneralizationthattranscendsestablishedlimits,butratheranaestheticparticular.Aestheticparticularsproducedbythehighlycreativeartistextendorexploit,inaninnovativeway,thelimitsofanexistingform,ratherthantranscendthatform.
Thisisnottodenythatahighlycreativeartistsometimesestablishesanewprincipleoforganizationinthehistoryofanartisticfield;thecomposerMonteverdi,whocreatedmusicofthehighestaestheticvalue,comestomind.Moregenerally,however,whetherornotacompositionestablishesanewprincipleinthehistoryofmusichaslittlebearingonitsaestheticworth.Becausetheyembodyanewprincipleoforganization,somemusicalworks,suchastheoperasoftheFlorentineCamerata,areofsignalhistoricalimportance,butfewlistenersormusicologistswouldincludetheseamongthegreatworksofmusic.Ontheotherhand,Mozart’sTheMarriageofFigaroissurelyamongthegreatworksofmusiceventhoughitsmodestinnovationsareconfinedtoextendingexistingmeans.IthasbeensaidofBeethoventhathetoppledtherulesandfreedmusicfromthestiflingconfinesofconvention.ButaclosestudyofhiscompositionsrevealsthatBeethovenoverturnednofundamentalrules.Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimits—therules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBach—instrikinglyoriginalways.
1.Theauthorconsidersanewtheorythatcoherentlyrelatesdiversephenomenatooneanothertobethe().
2.TheauthorimpliesthatBeethoven’smusicwasstrikinglyoriginalbecauseBeethoven().
3.ThepassagestatesthattheoperasoftheFlorentineCamerataare().
4.ThepassagesuppliesinformationforansweringallofthefollowingquestionsEXCEPT().
5.Theauthorregardstheideathatallhighlycreativeartisticactivitiestranscendlimitswith().
問題1選項
A.basisforreaffirmingawell-establishedscientificformulation
B.byproductofanaestheticexperience
C.toolusedbyascientisttodiscoveranewparticular
D.resultofhighlycreativescientificactivity
問題2選項
A.strovetooutdohispredecessorsbybecomingthefirstcomposertoexploitlimits
B.fundamentallychangedthemusicalformsofhispredecessorsbyadoptingarichlyinventivestrategy
C.embellishedandinterwovethemelodiesofseveralofthegreatcomposerswhoprecededhim
D.manipulatedtheestablishedconventionsofmusicalcompositioninahighlyinnovativefashion
問題3選項
A.unjustifiablyignoredbymusicologists
B.notgenerallyconsideredtobeofhighaestheticvalueeventhoughtheyareimportantinthehistoryofmusic
C.amongthoseworksinwhichpopularhistoricalthemeswereportrayedinamusicalproduction
D.ofteninappropriatelycitedasexamplesofmusicalworksinwhichanewprincipleoforganizationwasintroduced
問題4選項
A.Hasunusualcreativeactivitybeencharacterizedasrevolutionary?
B.DidBeethovenworkwithinamusicaltraditionthatalsoincludedHandelandBach?
C.Is.Mozart’sTheMarriageofFigaroanexampleofacreativeworkthattranscendedlimits?
D.WhobesidesMonteverdiwrotemusicthattheauthorwouldconsidertoembodynewprinciplesoforganizationandtobeofhighaestheticvalue?
問題5選項
A.deepskepticism
B.strongindignation
C.markedindifference
D.moderateamusement
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:D
第3題:B
第4題:D
第5題:A
【解析】1.判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“coherentlyrelatesdiversephenomena”定位到文章第一段“…h(huán)ighlycreativeactivitytranscendsthelimitsofanexistingformandestablishesanewprincipleoforganization…Innovativescienceproducesnewpropositionsintermsofwhichdiversephenomenacanberelatedtooneanotherinmorecoherentways.”可知高度創(chuàng)造性的活動超越了現(xiàn)有形式的限制,建立了新的組織原則。創(chuàng)新的科學(xué)產(chǎn)生了新的理論,在這個理論中,使不同的現(xiàn)象以更加連貫清晰的方式聯(lián)系在一起??膳袛喑鲎髡哒J(rèn)為這種將不同的現(xiàn)象更加連貫地聯(lián)系起來的新理論是高度創(chuàng)造性科學(xué)活動的結(jié)果。故選項D符合題意。
2.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Beethoven’smusic”定位到文章第二段“IthasbeensaidofBeethoventhathetoppledtherulesandfreedmusicfromthestiflingconfinesofconvention.ButaclosestudyofhiscompositionsrevealsthatBeethovenoverturnednofundamentalrules.Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimits—therules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBach—instrikinglyoriginalways.”可知據(jù)說貝多芬推翻了規(guī)則,把音樂從沉悶的傳統(tǒng)形式中解放出來。但是仔細(xì)研究貝多芬的音樂就會發(fā)現(xiàn),他的音樂并沒有推翻任何基本規(guī)則。相反,他是一位無與倫比的戰(zhàn)略家,他從海頓、莫扎特、亨德爾和巴赫等前輩那里繼承了一些規(guī)則、形式和慣例,并以驚人的獨特的方式加以利用??膳袛喑鲎髡咛岬截惗喾业囊魳肪哂畜@人的獨創(chuàng)性是因為貝多芬以一種高度創(chuàng)新的方式操縱著音樂創(chuàng)作的既定的規(guī)則。故選項D符合題意。
3.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“FlorentineCamerata”定位到文章第二段“…whetherornotacompositionestablishesanewprincipleinthehistoryofmusichaslittlebearingonitsaestheticworth.Becausetheyembodyanewprincipleoforganization,somemusicalworks,suchastheoperasoftheFlorentineCamerata,areofsignalhistoricalimportance,butfewlistenersormusicologistswouldincludetheseamongthegreatworksofmusic.”可知一部作品是否在音樂史上確立了新的原則,與它的美學(xué)價值并沒有多大的關(guān)聯(lián)。因為它體現(xiàn)了一種新的組織原則。有些音樂作品,如佛羅倫薩的歌劇,具有顯著的歷史重要性,但是很少有聽眾或音樂學(xué)家會把這些作品列入偉大的音樂作品之列。可判斷出作者認(rèn)為弗羅倫薩的歌劇雖然在音樂史上很重要,帶來了巨大的影響,但是并沒有認(rèn)為具有很高的審美價值。故選項B符合題意。
4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Extraordinarycreativeactivityhasbeencharacterizedasrevolutionary…”,可知杰出的創(chuàng)造性活動具有革命性的特征,可回答選項A的問題,故選項A可排除。根據(jù)文章第二段“Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimits—therules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBach—instrikinglyoriginalways.”可知他是一位無與倫比的戰(zhàn)略家,他從海頓、莫扎特、亨德爾和巴赫等前輩那里繼承了一些規(guī)則、形式和慣例,并以驚人的獨特的方式加以利用。可回答選項B的問題,故選項B可排除。根據(jù)文章第二段“Mozart’sTheMarriageofFigaroissurelyamongthegreatworksofmusiceventhoughitsmodestinnovationsareconfinedtoextendingexistingmeans.”可知莫扎特的《費加羅的婚姻》無疑是偉大的音樂作品之一,盡管它僅僅體現(xiàn)出對現(xiàn)有方式和規(guī)則的擴展創(chuàng)新??苫卮疬x項C的問題,故選項C可排除。文章第二段中,除了提到Monteverdi的音樂作品體現(xiàn)了新的創(chuàng)作原則并且具有很好的審美價值,并未提及其它的音樂家。故選項D符合題意。
5.觀點態(tài)度題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“allhighlycreativeartisticactivitiestranscendlimits”定位到文章第一段最后兩句“Whathighlycreativeartisticactivityproducesisnotanewgeneralizationthattranscendsestablishedlimits,butratheranaestheticparticular.Aestheticparticularsproducedbythehighlycreativeartistextendorexploit,inaninnovativeway,thelimitsofanexistingform,ratherthantranscendthatform.”可知具有高度創(chuàng)造性的藝術(shù)活動所產(chǎn)生的并不是一種超越既定規(guī)則的新的概括,而是一種美學(xué)上的特殊產(chǎn)物。極具創(chuàng)造力的藝術(shù)家所創(chuàng)造的美學(xué)細(xì)節(jié),以一種創(chuàng)新的方式,擴展或利用了一種現(xiàn)有的形式規(guī)則,而不是超越那種形式??膳袛喑鲎髡邔τ谒芯哂懈叨葎?chuàng)造性的藝術(shù)活動都超越了現(xiàn)有的形式和規(guī)則的觀點是持有懷疑態(tài)度的。故選項A符合題意。
6.問答題
Thisisequallytrueofthesolidcallediceandthegascalledsteam.Chemicallythereisno
A
B
differencebetweenthegas,theliquid,andthesolid,allofwhichismadeupofmoleculeswith
C
D
theformulaH20.
【答案】試題答案:D;are
【解析】考查主謂一致。which指代的是hegas,theliquid,andthesolid,故謂語be動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形are。
7.翻譯題
TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.
Dubai’sreputationastheGulfsfinancialandcommercialhubhastakenabatteringsinceitsurprisedfinancialmarketinNovemberbyaskingtorestructure$26millionindebts.
Asianeedstobitethebulletifitwantstoavoidanothercycleofbubblesandbusts.Assoothingashighgrowthnowfeels,itneedstoberestrainedbyhigherinterestratesandappreciatingexchangeratestosustain.
Threepassions,simplebutoverwhelminglystrong,havegovernedmylife:thelongingforlove,thesearchforknowledge,andunbearablepityforthesufferingofmankind.Thesepassion,likegreatwinds,haveblownmehitherandthither,inawayward(任意的,不定的)course,overadeepoceanofanguish,reachingtotheveryvergeofdespair.(5%)
【答案】去年11月,迪拜要求對2600萬美元債務(wù)進(jìn)行重組,震驚了整個經(jīng)融市場,它作為海灣地區(qū)的經(jīng)融和商業(yè)中心的聲望遭受重創(chuàng)。
如果亞洲想要避免另一個循環(huán)的泡沫和蕭條,那么它需要忍受巨大痛苦。如今的高增長雖然讓人欣慰,但是它的持續(xù)需要通過更高的利率和升值匯率來加以約束。
三種平凡卻又異常強烈的感情主宰著我的人生:對愛的渴望,對知識的追求和對人類苦難的難以忍受的憐憫。這些激情像狂風(fēng),把我任意吹向四方,掠過苦痛的大海,迫使我瀕臨絕望的邊緣。
8.填空題
InMicrosoft'slatestattempttoreachouttobloggers,thecompanyrecentlygaveawayexpensivelaptopsloaded(1)itsnewWindowsVistaoperatingsystem.Butthegiftsgeneratedcontroversyaswellasgood(2)
,withsomebloggersaccusingMicrosoftofbriberyandtheirpeers(3
)
unethicalbehavior.
SeveralbloggersreportedlastweekthattheyhadreceivedAcerFerrarilaptops,whichcansell(4)
morethan$2,200,fromMicrosoft.
AspokeswomanforMicrosoftconfirmedFridaythatthe(5)
hadsentoutabout90computerstobloggers
(6)
wroteabouttechnologyandothersubjectsthatcouldbe(7)
bythenewoperatingsystem,likephotographyand,oddly,parenting.
ButwhilethoseonMicrosoft'smailinglistinitiallygreetedthemachineswithenthusiasm,many(8)
bloggerssoonobjected-notbecausetheyhadbeenleftoffthelistbut,theysaid,becausebloggersareboundbythe(9)
rulesastraditionaljournalists,whoshouldnotaccept
(10)giftsfromcompaniestheycover.
【答案】1.考查介詞搭配。根據(jù)空格前的loaded(裝載)與空格后的operatingsystem(操作系統(tǒng))可知此處用介詞with構(gòu)成固定搭配loadwith(裝載某物)。
試題答案:with
2.考查上下文語義。as?well?as常用來連接兩個并列的成分,意為“也,還”,根據(jù)空格前的generatedcontroversy(引起爭議)aswellas可知此處填goodwill(善意)。
試題答案:will
3.考查介詞搭配。根據(jù)withsomebloggersaccusingMicrosoftofbribery可知此處填of與前面的ofbribery形成對應(yīng)。
試題答案:of
4.考查介詞搭配。sellfor表示“賣(多少錢)”。
試題答案:for
5.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)hadsentoutabout90computerstobloggers(已經(jīng)向博客寄出了大約90臺電腦)可推測主語為微軟公司,用“thecompany”指代微軟公司。
試題答案:company
6.考查關(guān)系代詞??崭袂暗腷loggers為先行詞,表示人,且在從句中作主語,故用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)。
試題答案:who
7.考查上下文語義。短文第一段提到“最近微軟公司贈送昂貴的裝載有自身新的WindowsVista操作系統(tǒng)的筆記本電腦”可推測“微軟公司送裝載有自身新的WindowsVista操作系統(tǒng)的筆記本電腦的目的是了解該新的操作系統(tǒng)所帶來的影響”,再由空格前的be和空格后的by,可知動詞被動形式,填affected。
試題答案:affected
8.考查不定代詞。根據(jù)空格前ButwhilethoseonMicrosoft'smailinglistinitiallygreetedthemachines(不過當(dāng)微軟公司電腦寄送名單上那些人最初熱心地歡迎這些電腦吋)和空格后many...bloggerssoonobjected(很多……博客使用者很快就反對這些電腦的贈送)可推測此處是其他人的態(tài)度。
試題答案:other
9.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)becausebloggersareboundbythe...rulesastraditionaljournalists(因為博客受到……規(guī)則的約束,如同傳統(tǒng)的記者)可推測博客也像記者一樣受到同樣的規(guī)則制約,故填same。
試題答案:same
10.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)第四題可知每臺電腦的價格以超過2200美元賣出,可推出此處表示“昂貴的禮物”,故填expensive。
試題答案:expensive
9.翻譯題
TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.
世界銀行預(yù)計,美元將在2025年喪失單一統(tǒng)治地位,而歐元與人民幣將在一個“多種貨幣并存”的新型貨幣體系中確立平起平坐的地位。
失去這種轉(zhuǎn)變的將是新興市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體日益增強的實力與優(yōu)勢,其中有6個國家——巴西、印度、中國、印尼、俄羅斯和韓國一將在2025年占據(jù)全球增長總量一半以上。根據(jù)世行周二發(fā)布的一份報告,從現(xiàn)在起至2025年,新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體將以每年4.7%的速度增長,遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)快于同期發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體2.3%的年增速。“全球增長與投資的天平將向發(fā)展中或新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體傾斜,”報告主要作者曼蘇爾.戴拉米(MansoorDailami)表示,這種轉(zhuǎn)變意義深遠(yuǎn)。戴拉米稱,例如,這種實力轉(zhuǎn)移將大力推動投資流入驅(qū)動全球増長的國家,跨境并購活動將顯著增加。
企業(yè)界的格局也將發(fā)生變化一“你會看到老牌跨國企業(yè)將不再占據(jù)統(tǒng)治地位?!?/p>
此外,一種不同的國際貨幣體系將逐漸形成。美元作為世界主要儲備貨幣的地位將告終?!懊涝?dāng)前的主導(dǎo)地位將在2025年前消失,被一種以美元、歐元和人民幣為中心的貨幣體系所取代,這三種貨幣都將發(fā)揮成熟國際貨幣的作用,報告指出。報告還介紹了15年后貨幣市場“最可能”出現(xiàn)的三種情形。報告認(rèn)為歐元是美元最“可信”的對手,但有一個問題需要留意。“歐元的地位必將增強,只要歐元能夠成功化解多個成員國目前面臨的主權(quán)債務(wù)危機,并能夠避免與歐洲成員國相關(guān)的道德風(fēng)險問題?!?/p>
對于中國,報告指出,官方通過發(fā)展離岸人民幣市場和鼓勵人民幣在國際貿(mào)易結(jié)算和計價中的使用,已經(jīng)啟動了人民幣的“國際化”進(jìn)程。“人民幣角色的提升,將有助于解決中國在全球舞臺上的強大經(jīng)濟(jì)實力和中國仍嚴(yán)重依賴外國貨幣這兩者之間的脫節(jié)。”世行首席經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家林毅表示,世行描繪出的情形意味著金融機構(gòu)必須“盡快適應(yīng),跟上形勢?!?/p>
【答案】TheWorldBankpredictsthedollarwillloseasingledominantpositionin2025,whiletheeuroandtheRMBwillestablishanequalfootingpositioninanew“multicurrency”monetarysystem.
Itwillbetheincreasingstrengthandadvantageofemergingeconomythatlossthiskindofshift,including6countries—Brazil,India,China,Indonesia,RussiaandKoreain2025willoccupymorethanhalfofthetotalglobalgrowth.AccordingtoaWorldBankreportreleasedTuesday,fromnowuntil2025,emergingeconomieswillincreasebytherateof4.7%,ismuchfasterthandevelopedeconomyatthesameperiodwhoseannualgrowthrateis2.3%.“Thebalanceofglobalgrowthandinvestmentwillinclinetodevelopingoremergingeconomies”theauthorsofthereport,MansoorDailamisaidthatthesignificanceofthischangeisprofound.Dailamisaid,forexample,thisshiftinpowerwillvigorouslypromoteinvestmentflowstothecountriesdrivingglobalgrowth,cross-bordermergersandacquisitionswillincreasesignificantly.Thecorporatelandscapewillchangeand“youwillseethefamousmultinationalenterpriseswillnolongeroccupythedominantposition.”
Inaddition,adifferentinternationalmonetarysystemwillbegraduallyformed.Thedollarastheworld'smainreservecurrencywillend.“Thedominanceofthedollarwilldisappearin2025,beingreplacedbytheDollar,EuroandRMBasthecenterofthemonetarysystem,thisthreekindsofcurrencywillallplayamatureinternationalcurrencyrole,suggestedbythereport.Thereportalsopointedoutthree“mostlikely”kindsofsituationsoncurrencymarketsin15years.Thereportsaysthattheeurowillbethemost“credible”opponentsofdollar,butthereisaproblemneedingattention.“Aslongastheeurocansuccessfullyresolvethemaindebtcrisisencounteredbymultiplemembers,andavoidthemoralhazardproblemassociatedwiththeEuropeanmembers,itsstatuscanbestrengthened”.
ForChina,thereportpointedoutthatofficialhaslaunchedthe“internationalization”oftheprocessofRMBthroughexploringtheoffshoreRMBmarketandencouragingtheuseofRMBininternationaltradesettlementandvaluation.“ThepromotionoftheroleofRMBwouldhelpsolvethediscrepancybetweenChina’sstrongeconomicstrengthintheworldstageandthehighrelianceontheforeigncurrencies.”theeconomistoftheWorldBankchiefLinYisaidthatthesituationpresentedbytheworldbankmeansthatfinancialinstitutionsmust“adaptassoonaspossible,keepupwiththesituation”.
10.填空題
Eachmanisateverymomentsubjected(1)severaldifferentsetsoflawbutthereisonlyoneofthesewhichheisfree
(2)
disobey.Asabody,heissubjectedtogravitationand
(3)
disobeyit;ifyouleavehimunsupportedinmid-air,hehasnomorechoiceaboutfalling
(4)
astonehas.Asanorganism,heissubjectedtovariousbiologicallawswhichhecannotdisobeyanymorethan
(5)
animalcan.Thisis,hecannotdisobeythoselawswhichheshares
(6)
otherthings;butthelawwhichispeculiar
(7)
hishumannature,thelawhedoesnotsharewithanimalsorvegetablesorinorganicthings,istheonehecandisobey
(8)
hechooses.
Thislawwas
(9)
theLawofNaturebecausepeoplethoughtthateveryoneknewitbynatureanddidnotneedtobetaught
(10)
.Theydidnotmean,ofcourse,thatyoumightnotfindanoddindividualhereandthere
(11)
didnotknowit,justasyoufindafewpeoplewhoarecolor-blindorhave
(12)
earforatune.Buttakingtheraceasa
(13)
,theythoughtthatthehumanideaofdecentbehaviorwasobvioustoeveryone.Therehave
(14)
differencesbetweenpeople’smoralitiesindifferentcivilizationsandages,
(15)
thesehaveneveramounted
(16)anythinglikeatotaldifference.Menhavedifferedasregardswhatpeople
(17)
oughttobeunselfishto,whetheritwasonlyyourownfamily,oryourfellowcountrymen,oreveryone,buttheyhavealwaysagreedthatyouought
(18)
toputyourselffirst.Menhavedifferedastowhetheryoushouldhave
(19)
wifeorfour,buttheyhavealways
(20)
thatyoumustnotsimplyhaveanywomanyouliked.
【答案】1.考查介詞搭配。besubjectedto意為“服從于……,受限于……”。
試題答案:to
2.考查介詞搭配。根據(jù)句中的but可知句子前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折。befreeto意為“不受約束”,與前面句意進(jìn)行對比。
試題答案:to
3.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)后面的“hehasnomorechoice...hecannotdisobey”可知他不能違抗重力。
試題答案:cannot
4.考查比較級。根據(jù)前面的“hasnomorechoice”可知此處是將人類與石頭進(jìn)行比較。than意為“與……比較”。
試題答案:than
5.考查不定冠詞?!癮/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示類別,a用在輔音音素開頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前;an則用在元音因素開頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前。
試題答案:an
6.考查介詞搭配。sharewith意為“與…分享”,與后面的“hedoesnotsharewithanimals”相對應(yīng)。
試題答案:with
7.考查介詞搭配。bepeculiarto意為“為…所獨有的”。
試題答案:to
8.考查連詞。根據(jù)空格前“theonehecandisobey”與空格后“hechooses”可知此處表示條件關(guān)系,用連詞if。
試題答案:if
9.考查上下文語義。這個法則被稱為自然法則,用call的過去分詞called。
試題答案:called
10.考查代詞。根據(jù)前面的“everyoneknewit”可知此處表示不需要被教它,填it。
試題答案:it
11.考查關(guān)系代詞。從句中缺少主語且先行詞“anoddindividual(一個古怪的人)”指人,因此填who。
試題答案:who
12.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)前面的“whoarecolor-blind(色盲)”和空格前的“or”連接兩個并列的成分。havenoearfor意為“對……沒有欣賞能力”,與color-blind相對應(yīng)。
試題答案:no
13.考查固定搭配。asawhole意為“整體而言”。此處表示“就這個種族整體而言”。
試題答案:whole
14.考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)后面的“haveneveramounted”可知此處應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時,be的過去分詞為been。
試題答案:been
15.考查連詞。根據(jù)前面的difference與后面的havenever可知此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,用連詞but。
試題答案:but
16.考查介詞搭配。amountto意為“發(fā)展成為;共計”。
試題答案:to
17.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)后面的youought可知此處填對應(yīng)的代詞you。
試題答案:you
18.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)句子開頭的轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but,但你不應(yīng)該把自己放在第一位,因此填表示否定的副詞not。
試題答案:not
19.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)后面的four可知此處為數(shù)詞,wife為單數(shù)形式,因此填數(shù)詞one。
試題答案:one
20.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)第18空前面的buttheyhavealwaysagreedthat可知此處填agreed,與其相對應(yīng)。
試題答案:agreed
11.單選題
Manygreatinventionsareinitiallygreetedwithridiculeanddisbelief.Theinventionoftheairplanewasnoexception.AlthoughmanypeoplewhoheardaboutthefirstpoweredflightonDecember17,1903wereexcitedandimpressed,othersreactedwithpealsoflaughter.Theideaofflyinganaircraftwasrepulsivetoso
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