第一學(xué)時(shí)ReadingandComprehensionComputers1．WhatchangeshavecomputersandtheInternetbroughttoschool?Doyoulikeallthesechanges?ComputerandtheInternethelpbusyparentscontactteachersbye-mail.TeachersmayuseCIAinclassandmark,typeandanalyzestudents'paper.BothteachersandstudentscanfindteachingandlearningmaterialsontheInternet.Theymayplaygames,listentomusic,watchmovies,etc,torelaxthemselves.IliketheconveniencebroughtbythecomputerandtheInternet.Butweshouldusethemwithcautions.Forexample,don'tmakecyberfriendstooeasily,andplayingcomputergamestoomuch.2．HowcanwemakeuseoftheInternettoimproveourEnglish?FirsttherearemanywebsitesontheInternetinEnglishthatwillhelpusincreaseourvocabularyandimproveourlistening,reading,speakingandwriting.Second,therearemanyEnglishfilmsontheInternetthatwillenhanceourinterestoflearningandhelpusappreciatetheEnglishlanguage.Third,wecantalkwithfriends,classmates,teachersorforeignersinEnglishe-mail,whichgivesusmoreopportunitiestomakeususeEnglish.Task1仔細(xì)閱讀課文WhoAmI？寫出文章的段落大意。Thememoryofthecalculatingmachinehasimprovedrapidlyandithasdevelopedascomputersarewidelyusedincommunication,finance,scienceandtechnology,medicineandtrade.Task2仔細(xì)閱讀WhoAmI？選擇正確答案。1．Inthepassage“I”referto______.()A．a(chǎn)sonofAlanTurningB．a(chǎn)machinewhichissimple-mindedC．a(chǎn)“universalmachine”whichcansolveanymathematicalproblemD．a(chǎn)personwhobuiltanAnalyticalMachineC2．Realfatherofthecomputerwas______.()A．CharlesBabbageB．AlanTuringC．a(chǎn)FrenchmanD．notmentionedinthetext3．______enabledthecomputertobecomesmallerandbeusedinofficesandhomes.()A．TheuseoftubesB．TheimprovementofitsmemoryC．TheartificialintelligenceD．ThebookwrittenbyAlanTuringBB4．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?()A．TheanalyticalmachinewasmadebyCharlesBabbageinthe18thcentury.B．Thecomputerhadgrownverylargebythe1940s.C．Computerswereconnectedtomakeanetworkinearly1960s.D．Computersbegantobeusedinofficesandhomesinthe1970s.A5．Thepassagemainlytellsus______.()A．who“I”amB．inwhatfieldscomputersareusedC．thechangesinthesizeandbrainpowerofthecomputerD．thehistoryanddevelopmentofcomputersDTask3再次閱讀WhoAmI？完成下列時(shí)間表。AshortHistoryoftheDevelopmentofcomputers.1642：_____________________________________↓1822：_____________________________________↓1936：______________________________________↓1940s：_____________________________________↓1960s：______________________________________↓1970s：______________________________________↓Now：_______________________________________↓1642：Thecomputerbeganasacalculatingmachine.1822：TheanalyticalmachinewasmadebyCharlesBabbage.1936：Thecomputergrewrapidlybothinsizeandinbrainpower.1940s：Thecomputerhadgrownaslargeasaroom.1960s：Thefirstfamilyofcomputerswasconnectedtoeachother.1970s：Computerswereusedinofficesandhomes.Now：Computersconnectpeopleallovertheworldtogether.Task4根據(jù)課文WhoAmI？在下文空格中填上恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~語，使文章連貫完整。IbeganonlyasacalculatingmachineinFrancein1642.Iwasdevelopingslowlyin__1__followingyears__2__in1822IwasbuiltasananalyticalmachinebyCharlesBabbage.__3__(program)byanoperatorwhousedcardswithholes，Icould“think”logicallyandproduceananswerquickerthananyperson，__4__wasconsideredatechnologicalrevolutionatthattimeandthestartofmy“artificialintelligence”．In1936AlanTuringwroteabook__5__howIcouldbemadetoworkasa“universalmachine”tosolvedifficultmathematicalproblems.Fromthenon，Igrewrapidly__6__insizeandinbrainpower.Bythe1940sIhadgrownaslargeasaroom.Astimewentby，withthe__7__(improve)ofmymemory，Iwasmadesmallerandsmaller.Intheearly1960sIhadthefirstfamilyconnectedbyanetwork，__8__IwasabletosharemyknowledgewithothersthroughtheWorldWideWeb.Sincethe1970s，Ihavebeenusedinofficesandhomes，andmanynewapplicationshavebeenfoundfor____9__.Ihavebecomeveryimportantincommunication，financeandmany__10__fields.1.the

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until

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Programmed

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which

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about6.

both

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improvement

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so

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me

10.

other一、請(qǐng)將課文whoAmI翻譯成漢語，然后對(duì)照“譯文助讀”自主勘誤。譯文助讀：我是誰？經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間我已經(jīng)被改變了很多。1642年我在法國誕生時(shí)是一臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)器。盡管當(dāng)時(shí)我還年輕，但是我能簡化一些復(fù)雜的數(shù)學(xué)題。我發(fā)育緩慢，差不多到了兩百年之后，查爾斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一臺(tái)分析機(jī)。在操作員用穿卡孔為我設(shè)計(jì)程序后，我能夠進(jìn)行邏輯“思考”，并且能夠比任何人更快地算出答案。那時(shí)這被當(dāng)作是一次技術(shù)革命，也是我“人工智能”的開始。在1936年，我真正的父親艾倫·圖靈寫了一本書，講述了怎樣使我成為一臺(tái)“通用機(jī)器”來解決任何數(shù)學(xué)難題。從那時(shí)起，我在體積和腦容量方面迅速成長。到二十世紀(jì)四十年代，我已經(jīng)長得像一間屋子那么大，我不知道是否還會(huì)長得更大。但是，這個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)也使得我的設(shè)計(jì)者很擔(dān)心。隨著時(shí)間的推移，我被弄得越來越小。自二十世紀(jì)七十年代以來，我一直被用在辦公室和家庭里，先是用作個(gè)人電腦，后來又做成便攜式。這些變化只有隨著我的存儲(chǔ)能力的不斷提高才能成為可能。最初是被存儲(chǔ)到電子管中，以后是晶體管上，后來是非常小的芯片上。因此，我已經(jīng)完全改變了我的形狀。隨著我年齡越來越大，我也變得越來越小。隨著時(shí)間的推移，我的記憶能力發(fā)展得如此之快，就像一頭大象一樣，從來不會(huì)忘記告訴我的任何事情！我的存儲(chǔ)容量變得如此巨大，連我自己都不能相信！但是我總是孤孤單單地站在那里，直到二十世紀(jì)六十年代初，人們才給了我一個(gè)用網(wǎng)絡(luò)聯(lián)成的家庭。我能夠通過萬維網(wǎng)和其他人分享我的知識(shí)。從二十世紀(jì)七十年代起，我又被開發(fā)出了很多新的用途。我在通訊、金融和商業(yè)領(lǐng)域變得非常重要。我還被放在機(jī)器人里面，被用來制作移動(dòng)手機(jī)，并且用來幫助作醫(yī)療手術(shù)。我還被放置在航空火箭里去探測月球和火星。不管怎樣，我的目標(biāo)是給人類提供高質(zhì)量的生活?，F(xiàn)在我充滿了幸福感，因?yàn)槲沂侨祟愔覍?shí)的朋友并時(shí)時(shí)給他們提供幫助。二、將下列單詞或詞組譯成英語，然后參閱Unit3的詞匯表自主勘誤。1.計(jì)算v．________2.解決，解答v.________3.探索，探測v．________4.信號(hào)，發(fā)信號(hào)n.&v．________5.目標(biāo)，目的，球門，得分n.________6.無論如何，即便如此adv.________7.類型，打字n.&v．________1.calculate

2.solve

3.explore4.signal

5.goal

6.anyhow

7.type8.出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生v．________9.電子的adj.________10.侄女，外甥女n．________11.看守，監(jiān)護(hù)________12.處理，安排，對(duì)付________13.結(jié)果________14.在某種程度上________15.在……的幫助下________16.從……時(shí)起