1、P-Q分解法潮流計算姓名：丁瑜學號：20913034專業(yè)：電力系統(tǒng)及其自動化完成日期：2010.04.01一、設(shè)計目的電力系統(tǒng)潮流計算是研究電力系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)態(tài)運行情況的一種計算，它根據(jù)給定的運行條件及系統(tǒng)接線情況確定整個電力系統(tǒng)各部分的運行狀態(tài)：各節(jié)點的電壓，各元件中流過的功率，系統(tǒng)損耗等。在電力系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃設(shè)計和現(xiàn)有電力系統(tǒng)運行方式的研究中，都需要用到潮流計算來定量地分析，比較供電方案或運行方式的合理性、可靠性和經(jīng)濟性。此外，電力系統(tǒng)潮流計算也是計算系統(tǒng)靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定和暫態(tài)穩(wěn)定的基礎(chǔ)。因此，潮流計算是研究地電力系統(tǒng)的一種相當重要的也是最基本的計算。本次設(shè)計旨在通過學習潮流計算的原理熟悉并掌握用P-Q分解法進

2、行潮流計算的計算機算法，屬于理論層次的設(shè)計，真正用于實際電網(wǎng)計算的潮流計算程序還需進行實用化設(shè)計，這一層次本次設(shè)計暫不考慮。二、程序說明 （1）設(shè)計思路本程序是針對IEEE_14標準測試系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)進行潮流計算，并采用P-Q分解法。潮流計算的輸入數(shù)據(jù)由支路原始數(shù)據(jù)Branch_IEEE14和節(jié)點原始數(shù)據(jù)NODE_IEEE14_INI兩部分組成。其中，節(jié)點分為三類：PQ節(jié)點，PV節(jié)點，平衡節(jié)點，并分別用1、2和3代表。通過迭代計算得到PQ節(jié)點的電壓幅值和相角以及PV節(jié)點的電壓相角，然后可算出PV節(jié)點的注入無功功率和平衡節(jié)點的注入功率，從而得到所有節(jié)點的電壓和功率,結(jié)果存在矩陣V中。以此為基礎(chǔ)，可計算

3、支路功率，結(jié)果存儲矩陣S中，最后根據(jù)S可以求出整個網(wǎng)絡(luò)的有功損耗PLoss_Sum_Geld。最終潮流運算結(jié)果存在潮流計算結(jié)果.txt文本中。（2）參數(shù)說明誤差ep=1e-7;kp,kq分別為P、Q迭代收斂狀態(tài)的標志，初值為0,收斂時以1賦kp(kq),未收斂時以0賦kp(kq);k為迭代計數(shù)。三、程序流程圖四、運行結(jié)果節(jié)點結(jié)果:電壓幅值 相角 發(fā)電有功 發(fā)電無功1.0600000.0000002.323958-0.1688591.045000-4.9809750.4000000.4239941.010000-12.7176000.0000000.2339231.018626-10.32354

4、2-0.000000-0.0000001.020255-8.7836450.0000000.0000001.070000-14.235716-0.0000000.1217511.061947-13.361635-0.000000-0.0000001.090000-13.3616350.0000000.1735891.056332-14.9369380.0000000.0000001.051321-15.098633-0.0000000.0000001.057083-14.798774-0.0000000.0000001.056868-14.8249120.000000-0.0000001.05

5、0549-15.087973-0.0000000.0000001.035830-16.0025870.0000000.000000線路功率結(jié)果:節(jié)點i 節(jié)點j Pij Qij Pji Qji Line_P_Loss Line_Q_Loss211.568341-0.2039291.525392-0.2765660.0429490.072637320.7318450.0356540.708646-0.0158310.0232000.051485420.561309-0.0228740.544543-0.0339220.0167660.011048510.7556170.0350700.727973

6、-0.0258010.0276440.060871520.4152370.0076480.4062090.0163450.009028-0.00869643-0.2333540.028092-0.2370690.0542100.003715-0.02611854-0.6114330.156700-0.6165860.1537470.0051530.002953650.441596-0.1950490.441596-0.2476370.0000000.052588740.280323-0.2083310.280323-0.2323750.0000000.02404487-0.000000-0.1

7、69122-0.000000-0.1735890.0000000.004468940.160585-0.0647980.160585-0.0803740.0000000.015575970.2803230.0580560.2803230.0500620.0000000.0079941090.0531580.0426850.0530260.0423330.0001320.0003521160.0726340.0350770.0720940.0339470.0005400.0011301260.0900430.0195330.0891320.0183780.0009110.0011551360.1

8、669190.0759590.1649760.0721320.0019430.0038271490.0927490.0371950.0916110.0347760.0011380.0024201110-0.036974-0.015667-0.037094-0.0159470.0001200.00028013120.0281320.0023780.0279740.0022360.0001580.00014314130.0579500.0163680.0573890.0152240.0005620.001143總網(wǎng)損PLoss_Sum_Geld =0.133958五、結(jié)果分析 本程序的運算結(jié)果與I

9、EEE14標準節(jié)點數(shù)據(jù)相符，說明了本程序能夠正確地實現(xiàn)潮流計算功能。附：程序代碼% 程序功能:IEEE 14 標準節(jié)點數(shù)據(jù)% Date:2010.4.1% Author: 丁 瑜 % NODE INFO % NODE TYPE PQ:1 PV:2 PH:3 所有發(fā)電機節(jié)點均被視為PV節(jié)點，節(jié)點1為平衡節(jié)點NODE=% TYPE V ANGEL PG QG PL 3 1.0600 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1.0450 0 40.0000 0 21.7000 12.7000 0 2 1.0100 0 0 0 94.2000 19.0000 0 1 1.0000 0 0 0 47.8000 -3

10、.9000 0 1 1.0000 0 0 0 7.6000 1.6000 0 2 1.0700 0 0 0 11.2000 7.5000 0 1 1.0000 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1.0900 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1.0000 0 0 0 29.5000 16.6000 0.1900 1 1.0000 0 0 0 9.0000 5.8000 0 1 1.0000 0 0 0 3.5000 1.8000 0 1 1.0000 0 0 0 6.1000 1.6000 0 1 1.0000 0 0 0 13.5000 5.8000 0 1 1.0000 0 0 0 14.9000 5

11、.0000 0 % 程序功能:IEEE 14 標準節(jié)點支路數(shù)據(jù)% Date:2010.4.1% Author: 丁 瑜 % 功率為有名值，基準功率為100MVA% 線路對地電納參數(shù)為B，不是B/2% BRANCH DATA IEEE 30 NODE% i j R X B KBRANCH= 2 1 .01938 .05917 .0264*2 1.000; 3 2 .04699 .19797 .0219*2 1.000; 4 2 .05811 .17632 .0187*2 1.000; 5 1 .05403 .22304 .0246*2 1.000; 5 2 .05695 .17388 .0170

12、*2 1.000; 4 3 .06701 .17103 .0173*2 1.000; 5 4 .01335 .04211 .0064*2 1.000; 6 5 .00000 .25202 .0000 0.932; 7 4 .00000 .20912 .0000 0.978; 8 7 .00000 .17615 .0000 1.000; 9 4 .00000 .55618 .0000 0.969; 9 7 .00000 .11001 .0000 1.000; 10 9 .03181 .08450 .0000 1.000; 11 6 .09498 .19890 .0000 1.000; 12 6

13、.12291 .15581 .0000 1.000; 13 6 .06615 .13027 .0000 1.000; 14 9 .12711 .27038 .0000 1.000; 11 10 .08205 .19207 .0000 1.000; 13 12 .22092 .19988 .0000 1.000; 14 13 .17093 .34802 .0000 1.000; Powerflow% 程序功能:潮流計算PQ分解法% Date:2010.4.1% Author: 丁 瑜 clc;% clear;x = size(NODE);n = x(1);m = length(find(NODE

14、(:,1)=1);y = size(BRANCH);G = zeros(n);B = zeros(n);for i=1:y(1) ST = BRANCH(i,1); %起始節(jié)點 ED = BRANCH(i,2); %終止節(jié)點 R = BRANCH(i,3); X = BRANCH(i,4); BB = BRANCH(i,5); K = 1/BRANCH(i,6); %變比 RX2 = R2+X2; G(ST,ED) = -K*R/RX2; G(ED,ST) = -K*R/RX2; B(ST,ED) = K*X/RX2; B(ED,ST) = K*X/RX2; G(ST,ST) = G(ST,S

15、T) + R/RX2; B(ST,ST) = B(ST,ST) - X/RX2; B(ST,ST) = B(ST,ST) + BB/2; G(ED,ED) = G(ED,ED) + K2*R/RX2; B(ED,ED) = B(ED,ED) - K2*X/RX2; B(ED,ED) = B(ED,ED) + BB/2;end;for i=1:n B(i,i) = B(i,i) + NODE(i,8); %NODE（i,8)為節(jié)點并聯(lián)電容end;Delta_P = zeros(n,1);Delta_Q = zeros(n,1);Delta_V_Ample = zeros(n,1);Delta_V

16、_Angle = zeros(n,1);PP = find(NODE(:,1)3); % PQ/PV 節(jié)點QQ = find(NODE(:,1)=1); % PQ 節(jié)點%V_Ample = NODE(:,2);%V_Angle = NODE(:,3)*pi/180;V_Ample = NODE(:,2);V_Ample(QQ) = 1.0;V_Angle = zeros(n,1);Pis = NODE(:,4)/100;Qis = NODE(:,5)/100;Pld = NODE(:,6)/100;Qld = NODE(:,7)/100;Pis(PP) = Pis(PP) - Pld(PP);

17、Qis(QQ) = Qis(QQ) - Qld(QQ); kp = 0;kq = 0;ep = 1e-7; %誤差k = 0;while(kp*kq) k =k + 1; %- Delta_V_Angle_ij = V_Angle*ones(1,n) - ( V_Angle*ones(1,n) ); % 計算相角差矩陣 S = G.*cos(Delta_V_Angle_ij) + B.*sin(Delta_V_Angle_ij); % Sij = Gij *cos(delta_ij) + Bij *sin(delta_ij) P = V_Ample.*(S*V_Ample); % P為計算出來

18、的母線功率 Delta_P(PP) = Pis(PP) - P(PP); % 有功不平衡量 %Pis(PP), P(PP),Pis(PP) - P(PP),(Pis(PP) - P(PP)./Pis(PP)*100 if max(abs(Delta_P)ep % 有功不平衡量小于允許范圍就做標記 kp = 1; end; if kp=0 % 有功不平衡量大于允許范圍就作修正 Delta_V_Angle(PP) = -(B(PP,PP)( Delta_P(PP)./V_Ample(PP) )./V_Ample(PP); % 解修正方程 V_Angle(PP) = V_Angle(PP) + De

19、lta_V_Angle(PP); % 修正相角 kq = 0; % 這是必須的，認為無功不平衡量還是不滿足 end; %- Delta_V_Angle_ij = V_Angle*ones(1,n) - ( V_Angle*ones(1,n) ); % 計算相角差矩陣 T = G.*sin(Delta_V_Angle_ij) - B.*cos(Delta_V_Angle_ij); % Tij = Gij *sin(delta_ij) - Bij *cos(delta_ij) Q = V_Ample.*(T*V_Ample); % Q為計算出來的母線功率 Delta_Q(QQ) = Qis(QQ)

20、 - Q(QQ); % 無功不平衡量 %Qis(QQ), Q(QQ),Qis(QQ) - Q(QQ),(Qis(QQ) - Q(QQ)./Qis(QQ)*100 if max(abs(Delta_Q)ep % 無功不平衡量小于允許范圍就做標記 kq = 1; end; if kq=0 % 無功不平衡量大于允許范圍就作修正 Delta_V_Ample(QQ) = -B(QQ,QQ)(Delta_Q(QQ)./V_Ample(QQ); % 解修正方程 V_Ample(QQ) = V_Ample(QQ) + Delta_V_Ample(QQ); % 修正幅值 kp = 0; % 這是必須的，認為有功

21、不平衡量還是不滿足 end; %- Delta_P(PP),Delta_Q(QQ);V_Ample(QQ),V_Angle(PP)*180/pi; %每次迭代結(jié)果end;V_Ample;NODE(:,2);V_Ample-NODE(:,2);V_Angle*180/pi;NODE(:,3);V_Angle*180/pi-NODE(:,3);sprintf(PowerFlow IEEE30 Result List Below: V_Ample V_Angle(Degree) PG QG Iterations = %d,k );P = P+Pld;Q = Q+Qld;V = V_Ample,V_A

22、ngle*180/pi,P,Q % 母線全部信息，幅值、相角、發(fā)電有功、發(fā)電無功Sij_flow = zeros(y(1),6); % y(1)為支路總數(shù),Sij_flow 為所有支路上流動的功率Sij_loss = zeros(y(1),4); % y(1)為支路總數(shù),Sij_loss 為所有支路上損耗的功率for i = 1:y(1) ii = BRANCH(i,1); jj = BRANCH(i,2); BB = BRANCH(i,5); kk = BRANCH(i,6); Vi = V_Ample(ii); Vj = V_Ample(jj); ag = Delta_V_Angle_ij(ii,jj);% ag為i,j 節(jié)點相角差 Sij_flow(i,1) = ii; Sij_flow(i,2) = jj; Sij_flow(i,3) = -G(ii,jj)*( Vj2-Vi*Vj*cos(ag) ) + Vi*Vj*B(ii,jj)*sin(-ag); Sij_flow(i,4) = B(ii,jj)*( Vj2-Vi*Vj*cos(ag) ) + Vi*Vj*G(ii,jj)*sin(-ag)-Vj2*BB/2; Sij_flow(i,5) = G(ii,jj)*( Vi2-Vi*Vj*cos(ag) ) - Vi*Vj*B(ii,jj)*sin(ag);