1、 jade 玉第1頁 玉，以其質(zhì)地細膩，玲瓏剔透，自古被人們所喜愛。玉含有除熱、柔筋強骨，安魂魄、利血脈、明耳目長等療效。玉能養(yǎng)人，人能養(yǎng)玉。 Jade, with its fine texture and exquisite,is enjoyed by people. Jade can expel hot, strengthen the body, nerves, and promote the blood circulation. People keep jade, jade adoptee第2頁目錄contents21Hetian jade2Dushan jade3Lantian jad

2、e4Xiu jade5Feicui 第3頁判定玉標準，普通有以下幾條： 一是看玉比重。比重越大，玉越寶貴。 二是看玉硬度。硬度越強者玉石越佳。 三是看玉色澤。紅為翡，綠為翠。翡和翠充滿就能夠稱為寶石。當然玲瓏剔透也是一個方面。 四是聽玉聲音。脆者為佳，啞者為劣。 五是看做工。常言道：黃金有價玉無價。這句話并不科學。全部玉都是論斤，論立方購置。和藝術結合，才決定它價格。 六是看玉時間。玉有古玉和當代玉之分。古玉就是文物。當代玉就是藝術品。一塊年代久遠古玉，價值能夠連城。 The standard of justifying the jade:1.the proportion of jade. T

3、he greater the proportion, the more the jade precious.2.the hardness of jade. The bigger the hardness ,the better the jade.3.the color and lustre of jade. The red for fei, green for cui. If it is fulled with fei and cui, it can be called gems. Certainly exquisite is one aspect .4.listening to the so

4、und. Crispy is preferred, dumb to bad.5.handiwork. As the saying goes: valuable jade priceless gold. This sentence is not scientific. All of the jade is concerning about the purchase, cubic meters. Combined with art, the price of its decision.6.The time. Jade is divided into ancient jade and modern

5、jade. ancient jade is cultural relics. Modern jade is artwork. A piece of antique jade is priceless.第4頁第5頁目錄contents21Hetian jade第6頁普通所稱中國四大名玉，是新疆產(chǎn)出和田玉、河南南陽產(chǎn)出獨山玉，陜西藍田玉和遼寧岫巖縣產(chǎn)出岫玉。 The general says Chinese “four-jade ” contains “hetian jade”,“dushan jade”,“l(fā)antian jade”and“xiu jade”.第7頁和田玉按產(chǎn)狀分三種類型： （1

6、）仔玉：從河流中撿出玉石，它是原生石經(jīng)過剝蝕，沖刷搬運到水系中大卵石，這種玉小塊多，大塊少，質(zhì)地好，水頭足，色澤潔凈，其中常有羊脂玉仔出現(xiàn)。 （2）山料水玉：經(jīng)冰川和洪水等搬運軟玉，其特點是塊度大，表面光滑 （3）山料玉：指直接從玉石礦中采出原生玉石。 第8頁第9頁目錄contents22Dushan jade第10頁獨山玉顏色復雜多樣，在玉石上分布表現(xiàn)為二：一是各色相互浸染交織，雜亂無章，另一類表現(xiàn)為大致呈平行帶狀展示，且有色相、濃度上表現(xiàn)為呈漸變關系。它質(zhì)地近似于軟玉和翡翠，含有堅韌致密細膩性質(zhì)。它透明度從半透明、微透明到不透明都 能夠見到。 Dushan jade colors is c

7、omplex and various. In distribution ,it appears firstly Contaminated crisscross, chaotic, and another roughly a parallel bands. Its similar texture is soft jade，its character are Tough density and exquisite . Its transparency varies from translucent to can being seen.第11頁第12頁目錄contents23藍田玉第13頁藍田玉名稱

8、初見于漢書。地理志，美玉產(chǎn)自“京北（今西安北）藍田山”。其后，后漢書。外戚傳、張衡西京賦、廣雅、水經(jīng)注和元和郡縣圖志等古書，都有藍田產(chǎn)玉記載。 The first name of lan tian jade appeard in “han shu” .the jade is produced in lantian mountain . Subsequently, the “HouHanShu , “The guang ya , water the note“ also have its record.第14頁第15頁目錄contents24Xiu jade第16頁岫玉現(xiàn)為我國蛇紋巖玉石總工藝名

9、稱。廣義岫玉包含遼寧岫巖玉、廣東南方岫玉、四川會理岫玉、新疆昆侖岫玉和北京十三陵所產(chǎn)京黃岫玉等。狹義岫玉則專指遼寧岫巖縣所產(chǎn)岫巖玉（簡稱岫玉）。它顏色各種多樣，但以白色、淡綠色為常見。它硬度為2。5-4。5；比重2。5左右；油脂光澤或蠟狀光澤；半透明至不透明，也有極少數(shù)為透明，與有機玻璃比較相同。 Jade is the general term of the serpentinite Generalized jade includes Guangdong nanfang jade,liaoning xiuyan jade, sichuan huili jade ,xinjiang kunlu

10、n jade and Beijing jinghuang jade, etc. Sensu stricto ,the xiu jade refers to the production of liaoneng xiuyan . Its color is varied, but with white, green is common. Its hardness is 2. 5-4. 5,proportion of 2.5 .第17頁第18頁目錄contents25Feicui 第19頁翡翠硬度為7，比重3.33。礦物折光率：Ng=1.667，Np=1.654；重折率0.012。 常見翡翠顏色有白

11、、灰、粉、淡褐、綠、翠綠、黃綠、紫紅等，多數(shù)不透明，個別半透明，有玻璃光澤。按顏色和質(zhì)地分，有寶石綠、艷綠、黃陽綠、陽俏綠、玻璃綠、鸚哥綠、菠菜綠、淺水綠、淺陽綠、蛙綠、瓜皮綠、梅花綠、藍綠、灰綠、油綠，以及紫羅蘭和藕粉地等二十多個品種。 Feicui hardness is 7, and proportion of 3.33. Mineral refractive index: Ng= 1.667 ,Np= 1.654, Heavy discount rate is 0.012.The common color of feicui jade are white ,ash, brown, green, pink green, yellow green and red. The majority is not transparent , individual translucent, luster. Divided by the