1、芒種Grain in Ear目錄 TOC o 1-3 h z u HYPERLINK l _Toc94266572 芒種Grain in Ear PAGEREF _Toc94266572 h 1 HYPERLINK l _Toc94266573 一、芒種的由來 PAGEREF _Toc94266573 h 2 HYPERLINK l _Toc94266574 Grain in Ear PAGEREF _Toc94266574 h 2 HYPERLINK l _Toc94266575 三候 PAGEREF _Toc94266575 h 3 HYPERLINK l _Toc94266576 An

2、increase in rainfall PAGEREF _Toc94266576 h 4 HYPERLINK l _Toc94266577 二、芒種的特點 PAGEREF _Toc94266577 h 4 HYPERLINK l _Toc94266578 三、芒種的習俗 PAGEREF _Toc94266578 h 5 HYPERLINK l _Toc94266579 食桑椹 PAGEREF _Toc94266579 h 5 HYPERLINK l _Toc94266580 送花神 PAGEREF _Toc94266580 h 5 HYPERLINK l _Toc94266581 Pray

3、for good harvest PAGEREF _Toc94266581 h 6 HYPERLINK l _Toc94266582 Say farewell to the flora PAGEREF _Toc94266582 h 6 HYPERLINK l _Toc94266583 安苗 PAGEREF _Toc94266583 h 7 HYPERLINK l _Toc94266584 Mud wrestling PAGEREF _Toc94266584 h 7 HYPERLINK l _Toc94266585 煮梅 PAGEREF _Toc94266585 h 7 HYPERLINK l

4、_Toc94266586 Boil green plums PAGEREF _Toc94266586 h 7 HYPERLINK l _Toc94266587 飲食 PAGEREF _Toc94266587 h 8 HYPERLINK l _Toc94266588 Have light food PAGEREF _Toc94266588 h 8 HYPERLINK l _Toc94266589 Eat fruits and vegetables with cool nature PAGEREF _Toc94266589 h 8 HYPERLINK l _Toc94266590 四、相關文學 P

5、AGEREF _Toc94266590 h 9 HYPERLINK l _Toc94266591 時雨宋 陸游 PAGEREF _Toc94266591 h 9 HYPERLINK l _Toc94266592 北固晚眺竇常 PAGEREF _Toc94266592 h 9 HYPERLINK l _Toc94266593 梅雨五絕宋 范成大 PAGEREF _Toc94266593 h 10 HYPERLINK l _Toc94266594 農(nóng)諺 PAGEREF _Toc94266594 h 10一、芒種的由來芒種，是麥類等有芒作物成熟的意思。芒種是二十四節(jié)氣中的第九個節(jié)氣。每年的6月5日左

6、右，太陽到達黃經(jīng)75時為芒種。月令七十二候集解：“五月節(jié)，謂有芒之種谷可稼種矣”。意指大麥、小麥等有芒作物種子已經(jīng)成熟，搶收十分急迫。晚谷、黍、稷等夏播作物也正是播種最忙的季節(jié)，故又稱“芒種”。芒種是表征麥類等有芒作物的成熟，是一個反映農(nóng)業(yè)物候現(xiàn)象的節(jié)氣。時至芒種，麥收季節(jié)已經(jīng)過去，盆地內(nèi)尚未移栽的中稻，應該抓緊栽插；如果再推遲，因氣溫提高，水稻營養(yǎng)生長期縮短，產(chǎn)量必然不高。農(nóng)諺芒種忙忙栽的道理就在這里。Grain in EarThe Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Grain in Ear, (Chin

7、ese: 芒種), the 9th solar term, begins on June 5 this year and ends on June 20.The arrival of Grain in Ear signifies the ripening of crops such as barley and wheat. It is also a busy period for farmers.The solar terms were created thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. The culture re

8、mains useful today to guide peoples lives through special foods, cultural ceremonies and healthy living tips that correspond with each term.三候“一候螳螂生；二候鵬始鳴；三候反舌無聲?！痹谶@一節(jié)氣中，螳螂在上一年深秋產(chǎn)的卵因感受到陰氣初生而破殼生出小螳螂；喜陰的伯勞鳥開始在枝頭出現(xiàn)，并且感陰而鳴；與此相反，能夠?qū)W習其它鳥鳴叫的反舌鳥，卻因感應到了陰氣的出現(xiàn)而停止了鳴叫。螳螂生。螳螂，草蟲也，飲風食露，感一陰之氣而生，能捕蟬而食，故又名殺蟲；曰天馬，言其飛捷

9、如馬也；曰斧蟲，以前二足如斧也，尚名不一，各隨其地而稱之。深秋生子于林木閑，一殼百子，至此時則破殼而出，藥中桑螵蛸是也。鵙【音局】始鳴。鵙，百勞也，本草作博勞；朱子孟注曰：博勞，惡聲之鳥，蓋梟類也。曹子建惡鳥論：百勞以五月鳴，其聲鵙鵙然，故以之立名，似俗稱濁溫。故埤雅禽經(jīng)注云：伯勞不能翱翔，直飛而已。毛詩曰：七月鳴鵙。蓋周七月夏五月也。An increase in rainfallRainfall increases during Grain in Ear compared to the previous eight solar terms. Regions in the middle and

10、 lower reaches of the Yangtze River are about to enter the Plum Rains season.Plum Rains, often occurring during June and July, refer to the long period of continuous rainy or cloudy weather. This happens to be the time for plums to ripen, which explains the origin of its name. Plum Rains is a good p

11、eriod for growing rice, vegetables and fruits.二、芒種的特點芒種時節(jié)雨量充沛，氣溫顯著升高。常見的天氣災害有龍卷風、冰雹、大風、暴雨、干旱等。芒種時節(jié)沿江多雨，黃淮平原也即將進入雨季，芒種前后若遇連陰雨天氣及風、雹等，往往使小麥不能及時收割、脫粒和貯藏。芒種后，中國華南東南季風雨帶穩(wěn)定，是一年中降水量最多的時節(jié)，長江中下游地區(qū)先后進入梅雨季節(jié)，雨日多，雨量大，日照少。芒種時節(jié)，水稻、棉花等農(nóng)作物生長旺盛，需水量多，適中的梅雨對農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)十分有利；梅雨過遲或梅雨過少甚至“空梅”的年份作物會受到干旱的威脅。在此期間，除了青藏高原和黑龍江最北部的一些地區(qū)，

12、還沒有真正進入夏季以外，大部分地區(qū)的人們，一般來說都能夠體驗到夏天的炎熱。位于黑龍江北部的嫩江，在19712000年30年間，最熱的一天37.1，就出現(xiàn)在芒種期間。芒種至夏至這半個月是秋熟作物播種、移栽、苗期管理和全面進入夏收、夏種、夏管的“三夏”大忙高潮。三、芒種的習俗食桑椹桑椹，又名桑果，早在兩千多年前，桑椹就已是皇帝御用的補品。成熟的桑椹味甜汁多，酸甜適口，又被稱為“民間圣果”。送花神農(nóng)歷二月二花朝節(jié)上迎花神。芒種已近五月間，百花開始凋殘、零落，民間多在芒種日舉行祭祀花神儀式，餞送花神歸位，同時表達對花神的感激之情，盼望來年再次相會。Pray for good harvestAn Mia

13、o (meaning seedling protection) is a traditional farming activity of southern Anhui province that has been practiced since the early Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). Every year when Grain in Ear comes, they hold the sacrificial ceremony to pray for good harvests in the fall. People make different types of

14、bread from wheat flour and color them with vegetable juice. The bread is used as a sacrificial offering to pray for a good harvest and peoples safety.Say farewell to the floraIn ancient China, on the second day of the second lunar month, people welcome the arrival of the Flower Goddess. During Grain

15、 in Ear people hold sacrificial ceremonies to bid farewell to the flora and show their gratitude.Today, this custom does not exist in many areas of China. The liveliness and excitement of the ceremony can still be seen in the 27th chapter of the Chinese classic novel A Dream of Red Mansions by Cao X

16、ueqin.安苗安苗系皖南的農(nóng)事習俗活動，始于明初。每到芒種時節(jié)，種完水稻，為祈求秋天有個好收成，各地都要舉行安苗祭祀活動。家家戶戶用新麥面蒸發(fā)包，把面捏成五谷六畜、瓜果蔬菜等形狀，然后用蔬菜汁染上顏色，作為祭祀供品，祈求五谷豐登、村民平安。Mud wrestlingYoungsters of the Dong people in southeastern Guizhou province hold mud wrestling matches during Grain in Ear. On this day newlyweds, accompanied by their good friend

17、s, plant rice together. While planting, they throw mud at each other. At the end of this activity, whoever has the most mud on them proves they are the most popular person.煮梅在南方，每年五、六月是梅子成熟的季節(jié)，三國時有“青梅煮酒論英雄”的典故。Boil green plumsIn South China, May and June are the season when plums become ripe. There

18、was an allusion that Cao Cao and Liu Bei, two central figures in the Three Kingdoms period (AD220-280), talked about heroes while boiling green plums.Green plums contain a variety of natural and high-quality organic acids and are rich in minerals. They can help clean blood, lower blood lipids, elimi

19、nate tiredness and improve ones looks. However, fresh plums are acerbic and need to be boiled before serving.飲食芒種期間的飲食宜以清補為主。顧脾胃, 少寒涼。避免過多食肉, 多吃谷菽菜果。補鉀防打盹，如蕎麥、玉米、大豆、香蕉、甘藍、萵苣、毛豆、莧菜等。吃苦飲酸有生津、止渴、開胃的作用。Have light foodDo not eat greasy or strongly flavored food during Grain in Ear, thats the healthcare a

20、dvice given more than a thousand years ago by Chinese pharmaceutical expert Sun Simiao of the Tang Dynasty (AD618-907).Generally, vegetables and coarse grains that work in lowering blood pressure and blood fat should be the first choice. During this season, people are encouraged to consume less lamb

21、, pork, hot peppers, onions and ginger if they are frequently feeling thirsty and tired.Eat fruits and vegetables with cool natureThe weather is hot during the Grain in Ear period, therefore vegetables and fruits of a cool nature are recommended.The balsam pear is a classic choice. It contains a lot of natural and nourishing water. Its also said to have healing properties which are good for patients suffering from high blood pressure or