1、大學20122013學年第學期物流專業(yè)英語模擬試卷（二）考試說明。1、本試卷為閉卷考試2、試卷中所有試題的答案均寫在答題紙上3、總分：100分，考試時間：120分鐘題 號一二三四五六七八總分閱卷人簽字分 數(shù)I.術(shù)語翻譯（本大題共30個小題，每小題0.5分，共15分）（一）英譯漢部分retail outlet 零售網(wǎng)點production and distribution生產(chǎn)及配送raw materials 原材料semi-finished goods 半成品 5） finished goods 成品 飛1 6） physical distribution 實物配送recycling 回收（二）

2、漢譯英部分8）線路預測 route forecasts 9）安全儲備 security reserves 10）臨時儲存 temporary storage 11）再力口工 reprocessing 12）散貨流轉(zhuǎn) bulk movements, 13）多點流轉(zhuǎn) multi-drop movement 14）零擔載貨part loads名 姓多種零擔載貨multi-part loads.完成下列句子 (本大題共 15 個小題，每小題 1 分，共 15 分)Transport is often place-oriented while distribution is (面向客戶的) . (cus

3、tomer-oriented)In practice, the logistics distribution mode varies with operator, (產(chǎn)品的性質(zhì)) , location, and other factors. (nature of product)Even the same DC may simultaneously adopt (若干有區(qū)別的配送模式) as per the specific situations. (a number of differentiated distribution modes)The term movement refers t

4、_o_t_h_e (規(guī)劃、監(jiān)督和控制)of the movement of goods and people. (planning, monitoring and controlling)Such movements exist through all the stages of the journey (在起點和最終目的地之間) , including any interchange, documentation processing, temporary accommodation and the procurement of the means of transport. (betwee

5、n origin and ultimate destination)This will save time and money, make the operation more profitable, and help (最小化任何潛在的有害影響) on the environment. (minimize any potentially harmful effects)(集中控制) means that sufficient information is availablefor the right decisions to be made promptly and the resource

6、s are available for carrying out the decisions. (Centralized control)In order to do this, the operator has to keep traffic moving without unnecessary checks and (避免堵塞) at bottlenecks, transfer points andterminals. (avoid congestion)Failure to maintain an even flow will result in (延長行車時間) and turn-ro

7、und and inefficient use of transport resources. (extended journey times)Maximum utilization is achieved by a series of techniques: such as loading a unit of transport (達到其最大允許容量) . (to its maximumpermissible capacity)All of this must be consistent with the requirements of safety, adequate crew rest,

8、 (遵守速度和載貨規(guī)定) and fuel efficiency. (compliance with speed and load regulationsThis unit deals with three such categories: bulk movements, ( 多 點 式 運 輸 ) and multi-part loads. (multi-drop movement)Typically bulk movements are of ( 低價值商品) which canbe moved at low cost, usually with no great urgency. ( l

9、ow-value commodities)The exceptions include road delivery of (專業(yè)燃油) andraw materials, for example heating oils and food ingredients. (specialist fuels)Such bulk commodities can be dangerous goods, and therefore require (搬運方面的專門技術(shù)) . (expertise in handling)用動詞的適當形式填空 (本大題共 10 個小題，每小題 1 分，共 10 分)As wi

10、th rail and air transport, large sums of money have to (spend) onmaintenance and control of traffic through the seaway. (be spent)These costs have to (add) to the operator s own high(bcoesatsd.ded)Sea transport (outdo) other forms of transport in terms of safety andcost-efficiency. (outdoes)Smaller

11、non-urgent goods can (put) into containers for shipping in bulk.(be put)Costing is the process of (analyze) the costs and benefits of differentoptions. (analyzing)Costing is often (refer) to as-cboesntefit analysis (CBA) (referre.d)The prime purpose of costing is to show the total cost of the servic

12、e (render), and to analyze the composition of that cost. (rendered)The managers want to know how much it costs to (transport) a singlepassenger on the basis of per mile of travel.(transport)Indirect costs are costs (incur) incurred when running a business, ieadvertising, telephones, office staff sal

13、aries, heat and light, insurance on products, etc. (incurred)Fixed costs may (not affect) by mileage or vehicle activity. (not beaffected)概念解釋10 個小題，每小題 2 分，共 20 分)What is VMI?VMI (Vendor Managed Inventory) is a means of optimizing Supply Chain performance in which the manufacturer is responsible fo

14、r maintaining the distributor invenstory levels. The manufacturer has access to the distributor in vesntory data and is responsible for generating purchase orders.What is bonded logistics?Bonded logistics refers to a range of special operations often conducted in a warehouse or other secured area in

15、 which dutiable goods may be stored, manipulated, or undergo manufacturing operations without payment of duty. It may be managed by the state or by private enterprise.What is JIT?Just in Time or JIT method creates the movement of material into a specific location at the required time, i.e. just befo

16、re the material is needed in the manufacturing process.What is green logistics?Green Logistics is a supply chain management strategy that reduces the environmental and energy footprint of freight distribution. It focuses on material handling, waste management, packaging and transport.What is a 4PL P

17、rovider? 什么是 4PL?Fourth Party Logistics, or 4PL, is the shared sourcing in supply chain spanning activity with a client and select teaming partner, under the direction of a 4PL integrator.What is Integrated logistics support?Integrated logistics support (ILS) is an integrated and iterative process f

18、or developing material and a support strategy that optimizes functional support, leverages existing resources, and guides the system engineering process to lower life cycle cost and decrease the logistics footprint (demand for logistics), making the system easier to support.What is City Logistics?Ci

19、ty Logistics is the process for totally optimizing the logistics and transport activities by private companies with the support of advanced information systems in urban areas considering the traffic environment, its congestion, safety and energy savings within the framework of a market economy.What

20、is ICT?ICT, short for informationand communication technology is ,the use of electronic processing media for the collection, analysis and evaluation of data, and the transfer of information from one point to another.What is EDI? 什么是 EDI ？Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) refers to the structured tra

21、nsmission of data between organizations by electronic means. It is used to transfer electronic documents from one computer system to another, i.e. from one trading partner to another trading partner. Itis more than mere E-mail; for instance, organizations might replace bills of lading and even check

22、s with appropriate EDI messages.What is e-business?E-business, or e-commerce, refers to the processing of business transactions via electronic means and with digitalized data.This data can be texts, images, sound, video or the combination thereof, which are transmitted over either open networks like

23、 the World Wide Web, or over closed networks like the Intranet and Extranet.V. 英譯漢 5 個小題，每小題 2 分，共 10 分)Supply chain management has seen a large shift in recent years from the use of in-house logistics operations to the use of third party logistics providers. 供應鏈管理 近年來見證了從使用內(nèi)部物流作業(yè)到使用第三方物流提供商的巨大轉(zhuǎn)變。Ho

24、wever, as global supply chains have developed and supply chains have become more complex, a further option for companies has been the ability to make use of fourth party logistics providers (4PL). 但是隨著全球供應鏈的發(fā)展及其變得更復雜，公司 的另一個可選方案就是利用第四方物流( 4PL )的能力。In essence, the Fourth Party Logistics provider is a

25、 supply chain integrator that assembles and manages the resources, capabilities, and technology of its own organization with those of complementary service providers to deliver a comprehensive supply chain solution. 本質(zhì)上講，第四方物流供應商是一個供應鏈的集成商，它對 公司內(nèi)部和具有互補性的服務(wù)供應商所擁有的不同資源、能力和技術(shù)能進行整合 和管理，并提供一整套供應鏈解決方案。We

26、may well say that 4PL is an arrangement in which a firm contracts out (outsources) its logistics operations to two or more specialist firm (third party logistics) and then hires another specialist firm (the fourth party) to coordinate the activities of the third parties. 我們完全可以說 4PL 是這樣一種安排： 公司把其物流作

27、業(yè)發(fā)包 (外包) 給 兩個以上的專業(yè)化公司(第三方物流) ，然后再雇傭另一家專業(yè)化公司(第四方) 來協(xié)調(diào)這些第三方公司的活動。Where the third party logistics provider (3PL) specializes in the operational element of supply chain management, the fourth party logistics provider acts effectively as a supply chain consulting company. 當?shù)谌轿锪? 3PL )提供商專注于供應鏈的操 作要素時，第四

28、方物流提供商則充當一個高效的供應鏈咨詢公司。VI. 漢譯英 5 個小題，每小題 3 分，共 15 分)它旨在形成并建立起在系統(tǒng)壽命內(nèi)來完成、 恢復并維護其作業(yè)能力的要求及任務(wù)。It is conducted to evolve and establish requirements and tasks for achieving, restoring, and maintaining the operational capability for the life of the system.維持活動主要依靠維修分析水平( LORA )作為系統(tǒng)采購過程的一項功能。Maintenance plann

29、ing relies on Level of Repair Analysis (LORA) as a function of the system acquisition process.支持性及測試性設(shè)備包括按要求來從事支持性功能的所有設(shè)備， 移動的及固定的，作為系統(tǒng)本身不可分割的一部分的那類設(shè)備除外。 Support and test equipment includes all equipment, mobile and fixed, that is required to perform the support functions, except that equipment whic

30、h is an integral part of the system.特殊檢驗設(shè)備以及庫房維護設(shè)備包括用來裝配、拆卸、測試、維護最終物品和部件、并對其進行支持性生產(chǎn)維修和庫房維修的所有設(shè)備及工具。 Special inspection equipment and depot maintenance equipment includes all equipment and tools required to assemble, disassemble, test, maintain, and support the production and/or depot repair of end i

31、tems or components.人力與人員是指識別并獲得具有某些技能和級別的人員，他們需按要求在系統(tǒng)的生命周期內(nèi)對其進行操作與維護。 Manpower and personnel involves identification and acquisition of personnel with skills and grades required to operate and maintain a system over its lifetime.VII. 物流作業(yè)程序描述 (本大題共 1 個小題，每小題 5 分，共 5 分)What are the main aspects which

32、 are involved in reverse logistics?Reverse logistics mainly involve the following five aspects: handling of returned items, reuse, resale, recycle, and refuse disposal.VIII. 物流作業(yè)圖形識別 (本大題共 1 個小題，每小題 10 分，共 10 分)Mark the Chinese equivalent of the terms in the following diagram.A green logistics solut

33、ion chartGran logistics solution*埔心4圣Green logistics solutions備用部分 :e-based vendor quotation systeminfinitely opennodes of logistics電子商務(wù)供應商報價系統(tǒng)無限開放物流節(jié)點動態(tài)調(diào)配能力個性化靈活性物流狀況社會化全球化信息流商流金流dynamic scheduling capacityindividualityflexibilitythe status of logisticsocializationglobalizationinformation flowbusin

34、ess flowfinance flow組織貨源 source goods末端遞送服務(wù)干線運輸末端運輸在運營商的范圍內(nèi)以地點為導向的以客戶為導向的配送能力配送驅(qū)動型服務(wù)永久性結(jié)構(gòu)貨物庫房基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施客流在高峰期前者和后者缺乏所需的運能具有速度方面的優(yōu)勢高效和平穩(wěn)的辦理收回成本permanent structuregoods depotinfrastructurepassenger flowat peak hoursthe former and the latterto lack the capacity neededto have the advantage of speedefficient a

35、nd secure handling ofto recover the costdeparting passengersarriving passengerstime-sensitive trafficairport taxThe bulk freight business for many commodities is easy and cheap to enter, and so is highly competitive, especially on cost.A particular problem with transport is that it cannot be stored;

36、 it is instantly perishable o-rsntornable.Let the vehicle depart with empty seats (excess capacity), which means loss of income from unsold seatsThe operator of a container vessel cannot cancel its passage simply because it does not have a full cargo load.In transport fixed costs are often referred

37、to as standingcosts w,hich exist whether the vehicles move or not, eg house rent and insurance.As the name suggests, production material control is concerned with materials used in producing the products. The cost of such materials is a large item in the accounts of manufacturing companies. It would

38、 be difficult for a business to make profits if careful control is not exercised at all stages. This involves the control of materials flow through the systematic planning and control of all materials.Production planning is a direct output of the business planning process. It involves the planning o

39、f all the resources and operations required for successful production. This includes the requirements for parts and materials; for each item required, decisions are necessary as to size of the requirement, the time to place the order and the quantity.Manpower requirements are developed and personnel

40、 assignments are made to meet support demands throughout the life cycle of the system. 人力與人員需開發(fā)出人力要求并制訂出人員分配計劃，以便能在系統(tǒng)的生命周期內(nèi)達到支持性需求。This element includes resources and procedures to ensure that all equipment and support items are preserved, packaged, packed, marked, handled, transported, and stored p

41、roperly for short and long-term requirements.包裝、搬運、儲存及運輸(PHS&T )這個要素包括資源和程序，用來確保所有設(shè)備及支持項目得以恰當?shù)匕炊唐诩伴L期要求來保存、包裝、打包、標記、搬運、運輸并儲存。Cities are the main locations of business activities. Hence they play an important role in economic development. However given the high concentrated development in urban areas,

42、 many cities have serious traffic problems and negative environmental impacts, such as noise and air pollution. This is the cost in both developing and developed countries. 城市是商業(yè)活動的主要地點。因此，它們在經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中起著 重要作用。然而考慮到城區(qū)的集中化發(fā)展，許多城市產(chǎn)生了嚴重的交通問題和負面環(huán)境影響, 如噪聲和空氣污染。這是發(fā)展中國家和發(fā)達國家共同面臨的成本。These negative factors reduce the economic competitiveness of a city and make its life quality decline.