1、The Passive Voice被動(dòng)語態(tài)基本用法被動(dòng)語態(tài)基本用法當(dāng)句子的當(dāng)句子的主語主語是動(dòng)作的是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者執(zhí)行者時(shí)，時(shí)，謂語的形式是謂語的形式是主動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的。當(dāng)句子的主語是動(dòng)作的主語是動(dòng)作的承受者承受者時(shí)，謂語要用時(shí)，謂語要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)。被動(dòng)語態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞。被動(dòng)語態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞be+過去分詞過去分詞構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)通過構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)通過be表現(xiàn)出表現(xiàn)出來。來。一一、運(yùn)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的情景運(yùn)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的情景n1. 講話者不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或不必說出動(dòng)作的講話者不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或不必說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者執(zhí)行者 (這時(shí)可省這時(shí)可省 by 短語短語)。n My bike was stolen la

2、st night.n2. 借助被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作突出動(dòng)作的承受者。借助被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作突出動(dòng)作的承受者。n I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.n3. 為了更好地安排句子為了更好地安排句子。nThe well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一個(gè)主語（一個(gè)主語就夠了）就夠了）His brother washes bowls every day.主主謂謂賓賓(受動(dòng)者受動(dòng)者)Bowls are washe

3、d by his brother every day.改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)Football is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made in Beilun.English is spoken as the first language in UK.你知道這些被動(dòng)句的否定句和一般疑問句嗎？你知道這些被動(dòng)句的否定句和一般疑問句嗎？1.They make shoes in tha

4、t factory.主語主語+及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞+賓語賓語Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：S(主語）主語）+am/is /are +過去分詞過去分詞He looked after the little baby yesterday.主主謂謂賓賓(受動(dòng)者受動(dòng)者)The little baby was looked afterbyhim yesterday .The tall building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care

5、of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.This room was used for resting by them.Many trees were planted by them years ago.2. They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.一般過去時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)：S+was/were +過去分詞過去分詞Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主謂謂賓賓(受

6、動(dòng)者受動(dòng)者)The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.A sports meeting will be had by us next week.Some photos will be taken by children in the schoolyard tomorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.Different kinds of vegetables will be grown by the farmers next spring.The TV set will be

7、 mended by Uncle Wang tomorrow.3.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.一般將來時(shí)：一般將來時(shí)：S+ will+be+過去分詞過去分詞4Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：S+ can/may/must/should + be+過去分詞過去分詞1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lu

8、cy may draw the pictures.3.You must turn off the lights.4.They should learn English well.5.Jim could do it yesterday. The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by them.It could be done by Jim yesterday.歸納

9、總結(jié)方法歸納總結(jié)方法 把主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)可按把主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)可按“一變、二套、三注意一變、二套、三注意”來進(jìn)行。來進(jìn)行。 即：即：一變一變-把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語，把主動(dòng)語把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語，把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語態(tài)的主語 改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)的介詞改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)的介詞by的賓語。的賓語。二套二套-根據(jù)原句的時(shí)態(tài)套用相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)原句的時(shí)態(tài)套用相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。三注意三注意-注意人稱的變化而引起的主謂一致問題。注意人稱的變化而引起的主謂一致問題。例如：例如：Many people speak English.English by many people.He washed h

10、is shoes yesterday.His shoes by him yesterday.is spokenwere washed下列時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成下列時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成 Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： S+ am/is/are + being +過去分詞過去分詞I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night My homework was being done (by me) at

11、8:00 last night.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)： S+ was/were+being+過去分詞過去分詞We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： S+ have/has + been+過去分詞過去分詞時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)1 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)do/doesam/is/are+過去分詞過去分詞2 一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)didwas/were+過去分詞過去分詞3 一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)will/be going to+動(dòng)詞原動(dòng)詞原形形will/be goi

12、ng to+ be+過去分詞過去分詞4 過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)would+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形would+ be+過去分詞過去分詞5 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞am/is/are+ being+過去分詞過去分詞6 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞was/were+ being+過去分詞過去分詞7 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+過去分詞過去分詞have/has+ been+過去分詞過去分詞8 過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)had+過去分詞過去分詞had+ been+過去分詞過去分詞9 含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)

13、詞+be+過去分詞過去分詞1).Parents always look after their children carefully. Children are always looked after carefully. 2).She will turn off the light after class. The light will be turned off after class。3).She listened to the teachers carefully sometimes. The teachers were listened to carefully sometimes.

14、 主動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)使使役役動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞make sb. do sth.sb. be made to do sth.have sb. do sth.sb. be had to do sth.let sb. do sth.sb. be let to do sth.感感觀觀動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞see sb. do sth.sb. be seen to do sth.watch sb. do sth.sb. be watched to do sth.hear sb. do sth.sb. be heard to do sth.notice sb. do sth.sb. be noticed to do

15、 sth.go The boss makes the workers work 18 hours a day. The workers are made to work 18 hours a day by the boss. I saw him enter the house. He was seen to enter the house by me. The teacher let them leave the classroom after class. They were let to leave the classroom by the teacher after class. We

16、hear her sing in the room every day. She is heard to sing in the room every day. 注意注意當(dāng)使用當(dāng)使用see/hear/watch sb. doing sth.時(shí)，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語時(shí)，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，態(tài)時(shí)，doing保持不變。如：保持不變。如： I saw him going into the shop.(主動(dòng)主動(dòng)) He was seen going into the shop.(被動(dòng)被動(dòng)) 1.He passed me some paper. I was passed some paper by him. Some

17、paper was passed to me by him. 2.He bought me a present for my birthday. I was bought a present by him for my birthday. A present was bought for me for my birthday by him. 3. They have given me some good advice. I have been given some good advice. Some good advice has been given to me.1.People use k

18、nives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month. are usedarecleaned(變被動(dòng)語態(tài)）變被動(dòng)語態(tài)）5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can u

19、se computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them. was made to have can be used3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.

20、1) _ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2) Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _. we were given were given to us7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?Were many trees plantedMust be finished10.The teacher asked Tom to turn

21、 on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory. was asked is done12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.