1、2020;2020年高考英語考前沖刺?？家谆煜~匯1. be known as,be known for,be known to,be known in 辨析(1)be known as作為而著名，其后的名詞表示一個(gè)人的身份、職業(yè)等。Liu Huan is known as a singer.(2)be known for因而著名，其后所接內(nèi)容表示某人或某物的特點(diǎn)、特長等。Guilin is known for its beautiful mountains and rivers.(3)be known to 為所了解/知道，其后接表示人的詞語。He is known to all in ou

2、r village.(4)be know in 在某地很著名，其后接表地點(diǎn)的詞語。He is well-known in the town where he was born.2. be/get used to (doing) sth.,be used to do sth.,used to do sth.辨析(1)be/get used to (doing) sth. 習(xí)慣于，適用于；可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)；to為介詞。I didn t think I could ever get used to living in a big city after livingin the country.(2)b

3、e used to do sth.被用來做某事；可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)；不定式為目的狀語。Wood is used to make paper.(3)used to do sth.過去常常，暗含現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不那么做了；只用于過去時(shí)；used to為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后接動(dòng)詞原形。I used to smoke,but I gave up a couple of years ago.3. be made of,be made from,be made up of,be made by,be made in 辨析 (1)be made of表示“由制成”，指從原料到制成品，沒有發(fā)生本質(zhì)變化(屬物理變化)。This t

4、able is made of wood.(2)be made from表示“由制成”，指從原料到制成品，發(fā)生了質(zhì)的變化(屬化學(xué)變化)Paper is made from wood.(3)be made up of表示“由組成”，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語由兩部分或兩個(gè)以上的部分構(gòu) 成或組成。The team is made up of twelve members.(4)be made by表示“由做：后面接指人的名詞或代詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。The kite was made by my grandma.(5)be made in接表時(shí)間的數(shù)詞或名詞時(shí)，表示“某物何時(shí)制造的或何時(shí)產(chǎn)的”； 接指地點(diǎn)的名詞時(shí)，

5、表示“某地產(chǎn)某物”。This bike was made in Tianjin.The car was made in 2020;2020.4.sometimes,sometime,some time,some times 辨析(1)sometimes是個(gè)頻度副詞，意為“有時(shí)”，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的不經(jīng)常性，常與一 般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)連用。Sometimes I have lunch at school.(2)sometime是個(gè)副詞，意為“在某時(shí)”，指時(shí)間上不確定的某一點(diǎn)，常用于一般 過去時(shí)或一般將來時(shí)。I saw him sometime in July.(3)some time是個(gè)名詞短語，

6、意思是“一段時(shí)間”，在句中常與 for等詞連用I ll stay here for some time.(4)some times 是個(gè)短語，表示幾倍或若干次數(shù)。I have met him some times before.5. bring in,bring up,bring about 辨析(1)bring in 引入；賺得(2)bring up 撫養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育(3)bring about 導(dǎo)致，弓 I起辨析6. run out,go out,give out,leave out (1)run out 用完，耗盡 (2)go out外出交際；送出，發(fā)出 (3)give out 用完，耗盡；停

7、止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn) leave out省去，遺漏；不包括7. buy,cost,pay,spend,take 辨析(1)buy 指購買。常見搭配：buy (sb.) sth.;buy sth.(for sb./sth.)。(2)cost指花錢、時(shí)間、精力等。常見結(jié)構(gòu)： sth.cost sb.sth. 。(3)pay指花錢。常見結(jié)構(gòu)：sb.pay for 。spend 指花時(shí)間、錢等。常見結(jié)構(gòu)：sb.spend(in) sth.;sb.spendonsth.。(5)take 主要指花時(shí)間。常見結(jié)構(gòu)：It takes/took sb.some time to do sth. 。 如：他花了 36 000法郎

8、買了這只手表。The watch cost him thirty-six thousand francs.He spent thirty-six thousand francs on the watch/(in) buying the watch.He paid thirty-six thousand francs for the watch.He bought the watch for thirty-six thousand francs.他花了半個(gè)小時(shí)完成了工作。It took him half an hour to finish the work.He spent half an ho

9、ur on the work.He spent half an hour (in) finishing the work.8. offer,supply,provide 辨析(1)offer 指“主動(dòng)提供”。常見短語搭配：offer sb.sth.;offer sth.to sb.。Josie offered him 500 dollars to do the work.supply 指“供應(yīng)，供給”。常見短語搭配：supply sth.to/for sb./sp.;supplysb./sp.with sth. 。 Our farm supplies the market with fruit

10、s and vegetables.(3)provide 指“提供，供應(yīng)”。常見短語搭配：provide sth.for sb./sp.;providesb./sp.with sth.The school provided books for the children.9. opposite,contrary 辨析(1)opposite 指“(位置，方向，地位，意義等)對(duì)立的、相反的。be opposite to 在對(duì)面；與相反；in the opposite direction在相反的方向上。His house is opposite to mine.contrary 指“(主張，看法，行為等

11、)相反的”，含有“互相沖突，不一致”的 意思，也可以表示“逆”，如：a contrary wind 逆風(fēng)。This is something quite contrary to my expectations.10. realize,know 辨析(1)realize vt. 表示“認(rèn)識(shí)到，意識(shí)到；實(shí)現(xiàn)，完成”。He didn t realize his mistake until hismother told him.(2)know vt. & vi.表示“知道；了解，熟悉；認(rèn)識(shí)”?？山佣螘r(shí)間作狀語。We have known each other for many years.11. la

12、te,lately,later,latest辨析late 可作形容詞或副詞，意為“遲(的)，晚(的)”。She is late for school again.(2)lately是副詞，意為“最近，近來”相當(dāng)于recently ,常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。I haven t h eard from him lately.(3)later 為late的比較級(jí)，意為“較遲的(地)”；另外，還可用作副詞，意為 “后來”。He goes home later than anybody.(4)latest 為late的最高級(jí)，意為“最遲的(地)”，也相當(dāng)于newest,意為“最新的”。Here is the

13、 latest news from abroad.12. cut down,cut off,cut throughout up,cut in辨析(1)cut down砍倒；肖U減(2)cut off 打斷，中斷(供給)(3)cut through開辟(出路或通道)(4)cut up(嚴(yán)重地)割傷，打傷；切碎(5)cut in 插嘴13. break out,break down,break away from,break into,break off,break through,break up 辨析(1)break out 爆發(fā)(2)break down出故障，壞掉(3)break away

14、 from 突然掙脫，逃脫(4)break into 強(qiáng)行闖入(5)break off 中斷，斷開(6)break through 克服，戰(zhàn)勝(7)break up拆開，打散14. separate,divide 辨析(1)separate 把聚合在一起的事物、東西分開；常與 from連用。Please separate the good apples from the bad ones.(2)divide 把一個(gè)整體分成若干部分；常與into連用。Please divide the apple into two parts.15. struggle,fight 辨析(1)struggle 掙

15、扎；斗爭(zhēng)，指肉體和精神上搏搏斗，暗指在艱難處境中奮力掙扎。On arriving at the shore,the girl struggled upthe cliff towards the light she had seen.(2川ght打仗，戰(zhàn)斗，主要指肉體上的對(duì)抗。引中為一般的斗爭(zhēng)，可指“打架”。The soldiers fought bravely in the battle.16. broad,wide 辨析(1)broad著重指某物覆蓋面的范圍(如肩、背、胸等的寬)，還可表示“寬宏大舁”里 0In point of fact he was broad and heavy,wit

16、h large hands and feet.wide著重指邊沿間相隔的距離以及“廣泛的”之意。His reading covers a wide range of subjects.17.occur,happen,take place 辨析(1)occur vi.指“發(fā)生”時(shí)可與happen換用。occur to sb.指“某種思想等呈現(xiàn) 于某人的意識(shí)中”。It occurred to him that he should go to see a dentist.happen vi. 指“偶然發(fā)生”時(shí)，主語為 “事”；當(dāng)主語是“人”時(shí)，意為 “碰巧”。happen to sb./sth.常指

17、不好的事情發(fā)生在某人(物)身上。It was unfortunate that this accident should happen/occur.(3)take place vi. 表示“發(fā)生”時(shí)，可與 happen或occur換用，但其后面一般 不接to sb./sth.結(jié)構(gòu)；指必然會(huì)發(fā)生的事情時(shí)，多用 take place;此外，take place還可表示“舉行某種活動(dòng)”。The official opening of the store will take place next week.18. argue,debate,quarrel 辨析(1)argue v.指通過提出理由進(jìn)行論

18、證； 搭配：argue for/against sth.;argue with sb.about/over sth.;argue o doing sth.;argue sb.out of doing sth.。The workers argue for the right for a public holiday.(2)debate v. & n.指正式的辯論；搭配：debate with sb. about /on/upon sth.。quarrel v. & n.指因憤怒而爭(zhēng)吵；搭配：quarrel with sb.about/over sth.The new couple a

19、re always quarrelling about so little family income.19. glance,glimpse,stare,glare 辨析(1)glance匆匆一瞥，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；為不及物動(dòng)詞，常借助介詞at,over,down等接賓語。She glanced down the list of names.(2)glimpse瞥見，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果；為及物動(dòng)詞，可直接接賓語。She glimpsed him through the window when she passed.(3) stare 凝視，盯著看；為不及物動(dòng)詞，常借助介詞at接賓語。She stared at

20、him in surprise.(4)glare怒視；瞪眼；為不及物動(dòng)詞，常借助介詞at接賓語。They stood glaring at each other.20. normal,common,ordinary,usual,regular,general 辨析(1)normal正常的。normal可用作名詞，return to normal恢復(fù)正常。(2)common常見的； 般的。 常用于短語 :common sense/knowledge 常識(shí)。As is known to all,snow is common in cold countries.(3)ordinary普通的，平常的，

21、平凡的。如：an ordinary man普通人，平凡的人。Tom Sawyer was an ordinary American boy who kept getting into trouble.(4)usual通常的，往常的，一貫如此的。常用于短語:as usual像往常一樣，照 例。Are you returning home at the usual time today?(5)regular 有規(guī)律的，定期的，經(jīng)常的。如：regular customers老顧客，?？?。(6)general普通的，一般的The price of the food is a matter of gen

22、eral anxiety.(食品的價(jià)格是大家普遍關(guān)心的事情，是影響范圍較大的全民焦慮的事情)21. country,nation,state,land 辨析(1)country國家；國土，側(cè)重指版圖，疆域。此外，country含義廣泛，適合各種 文體，也可代替本組中的任何一個(gè)詞，有時(shí)作“祖國”講，帶有感情色彩。China is a great country with a long history.(2)nation民族；國家，側(cè)重指人民；國民；民族。在國際交往等正式場(chǎng)合，nation 語氣莊重，比country常用。The whole nation was in deep sorrow at

23、 this news.(3)state國家；政府，側(cè)重指政權(quán)；政體。In our country,railways are state-owned.(4)land國土；國家，帶有感情色彩，多用于文學(xué)作品中。This is my native land.I ll defend it with my life!22. high,highly 辨析兩詞都可用作副詞。(1)high高，在高處。highly 贊賞地；非常。He jumped the highest in the Olympic Games and was thought highly of.23. farther,further 辨析兩

24、者都是far的比較級(jí)形式，可用作形容詞或副詞。(1)farther一般表實(shí)際距離的更遠(yuǎn)。Nanjing is farther from Beijing than Tianjin is.(2)further一般表程度上的進(jìn)一步或更大范圍等。This problem will be further discussed tomorrow.24. death,die,dead,dying,deadly 辨析(1)death是名詞，既可以作可數(shù)名詞也可以作不可數(shù)名詞。He continued to write until his death.There were two deaths on the ro

25、ad.(2)die為不及物動(dòng)詞，且為瞬間動(dòng)詞，不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，不能和 for引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間 狀語連用。He was badly injured in the accident and died five days later.(3)dead為形容詞，與be動(dòng)詞連用表”死了的狀態(tài)，可與for引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語 連用。His grandfather has been dead for five years.(4)dying常作形容詞用，意為“要/快死了的”。He picked up a dying bird on his way home.(5)deadly作形容詞時(shí)意為“致命的”。Cancer is a

26、 kind of deadly disease.25. call at,call back,call for,call in,call on,call up辨析(1)call at (a place) 訪問(某地)(2)call back 回電話(3)call for( 公開)要求，需要(4)call in要求退回，召來(5)call on邀請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)求(6)call up使回憶起，使想起26. damage,destroy,ruin辨析這三個(gè)詞都有“破壞，損害”的意思，但有所區(qū)別。(1)damage損壞，破壞，可用于表示損壞或破壞具體的物品，一般暗示損壞后價(jià)值或效益會(huì)降低，這種損壞是部分性的，通

27、常指損壞的程度不那么嚴(yán)重，還可以 修復(fù)再用；也可用于表示損壞抽象的東西。Smoking has damaged his health badly.(2)destroy 破壞，摧毀，毀滅，通常指程度非常嚴(yán)重的“毀壞”，一般情況下不 可以修復(fù)再用；另外，它既可表示毀壞具體的物品，也可表示毀壞抽象的東西。 The big fire destroyed the whole house.(3)ruin泛指一般性的破壞，指把某物損壞到了不能再使用的程度。The rain will ruin the crops.27. fit,suit,match 辨析(1)fit用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“與相符，適合”；用作不

28、及物動(dòng)詞，意為“適合，合身”，多指衣物、鞋子等尺寸大小合適。fit可用作形容詞，常構(gòu)成be fit for ,意為“適于”。This coat doesn t fit you.(2)suit意為“適合”，多指衣物等的顏色、款式、質(zhì)地等適合，穿起來協(xié)調(diào)、好 看；也指合乎需要、口味、性格、條件和地位等。suit的形容詞為suitable,be suitable for 相當(dāng)于 be fit for 。This coat doesn t suit you.(3)match表品質(zhì)、顏色、設(shè)計(jì)等方面匹配，意為“與相配”。The doors were painted blue to match the w

29、alls28. lie,lay 辨析(1)lie 意為“躺”，過去式和過去分詞分別為lay和lain。lie除了有“躺”的 意思外，還有“說謊”之意，其過去式和過去分詞均為lied o(2)lay意為“下蛋；放置”，其過去式和過去分詞均為laid。The boy whowas lying under the tree lied to methat he had laid the box behind the door.29. find,found,founded 辨析(1)find 發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到，為動(dòng)詞原形。(2)found既是不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞find的過去式和過去分詞，又是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，意為“創(chuàng) 建，創(chuàng)

30、辦”。He has already found his watch.(3)founded為動(dòng)詞found的過去式和過去分詞。The school was founded ten years ago.30. on board,on the board,on the boards 辨析(1)on board泛指“在船上”，還可指“在飛機(jī)(火車、公共汽車等)上”。這個(gè)習(xí) 語也可接船名或船的類型(如：on board the Dongfeng在東風(fēng)號(hào)上；on board a liner在郵輪上)。on the board 除可表示“在(具體的)這艘或那艘船上”外，還可表示“在會(huì)上 討論”。(3)on

31、the boards 中的boards是“舞臺(tái)”的意思，其原義是“在舞臺(tái)上”，現(xiàn)常 引申為“做演員”或“演出”，常用在連系動(dòng)詞 be后作表語。31. care about,care for,take care of 辨析(1)care about關(guān)心，在意，指由于某事重要，或是因責(zé)任所在而關(guān)心、在意，一般用于否定句。He doesn t care about his clothes.(2)care for 喜歡，照顧。用作“喜歡”時(shí)，一般用于否定句或疑問旬中。I don t really care for red wine.(3)take care of 照料，相當(dāng)于 look after 。

32、Take care of yourself!32complete,finish,end 辨析這三個(gè)詞都可以用作動(dòng)詞，并且也全都有“結(jié)束，完成”的意思。雖意義相近， 但用法上也有一些區(qū)別。(1)complete是較正式的用語，常常用于完成預(yù)定的任務(wù)、工程、建設(shè)等。They haven t completed the house yet.(2)finish是最一般的用語，通常指結(jié)束日常活動(dòng)，主要指圓滿完成或結(jié)束自己著手的工作。The man didn t go to bed until he finished his work last night.(3) end是指結(jié)束、終止某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，而不管這項(xiàng)

33、活動(dòng)是否達(dá)到所期望的結(jié)果，常用于講話、會(huì)議、演講、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等。His speech ended at 4 o clock.33. besides,except,but 辨析三者都可以用作介詞。(1)用于肯定何時(shí)，except/but 意為“除外(不再有) ；besides意為“除外(還有)”。請(qǐng)比較： All of them have seen the film except/but Wu Dong.All of them have seen the film besides Wu Dong.(2)except后接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞-ing或不定式時(shí)，可以與but互換；except后 接副詞、介詞短

34、語時(shí)，一般不能用 but替換。34. because of,owing to,due to,as a result of,thanks to辨析這些短語都可以表示原因，但用法不盡相同。(1)because of因?yàn)?，由于，在句中一般作狀語，可置于旬首或旬末。Because of illness,the boy did not go to school.(2)owing to由于，因?yàn)椋诰渲型ǔＷ鳡钫Z，其所引導(dǎo)的短語必須是修飾全句的， 嚴(yán)格地講，置于旬末時(shí)應(yīng)用逗號(hào)和主句隔開，而 because of則不用。(3)due to所引導(dǎo)的短語在句中一般作表語或定語，但在很多場(chǎng)合中可以與owingto

35、通用。He was injured due to (owing to) a car accident.(4)as a result of 由于。As a result of the war the lives of many people were lost.(5)thanks to幸虧，由于，因?yàn)椋龑?dǎo)的短語可以表達(dá)正面的意思(表示謝意)， 也可以用于諷刺。Thanks to your rotten ideas,we went the long way.(含有諷刺的意味)35. catch up with,keep up with 辨析(1)catch up with 趕上，指從后面追上

36、或改變落后的狀況。Tom caught up with the German girl.(2)keep up with 跟上，指齊步前進(jìn)，并駕齊驅(qū)，不致落后或掉隊(duì)。另外 keep upwith還可以表示“與保持聯(lián)系”的意思They tried to keep up with Britain in building ships.36. take the place of,take one s place 辨析(1)take the place of sb./sth. 相當(dāng)于take sb. s/sth. s place,即“代替某人或某物”。Tractors have now taken the

37、 place of horses and cows in most villages.(2)take one s place 就位。Take your place,please.We are about to start.37. hurt,wound,injure 辨析(1)hurt既可以指肉體上的疼痛，也可以指精神上的傷害。Dod t be afraid I won t hurt you.(2)wound 一股指外傷，多指在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中或戰(zhàn)斗中所受的傷，常指刀傷或槍傷。He got a deadly wound in the battle.(3)injure指在意外事故中所受的傷。Five pas

38、sengers were injured in the accident.38. certain,sure 辨析這兩個(gè)詞都有“確定”之意，在大多數(shù)情況下都可以互換，但也有不同之處。(1)certain強(qiáng)調(diào)所指事情的無可爭(zhēng)辯性，而 sure用法比較隨便。certain 和sure的主語都可以為人，但 certain 還可用于It is certain that. 句式中，sure不能。He is sure/certain that he can catch the train.It is certain that he can catch the train.39. know, recogniz

39、e 辨析(1)know認(rèn)識(shí)，熟悉，是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，可以與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用。They have known each other for more than ten years.(2)recognize 認(rèn)出，辨認(rèn)出，是短暫性動(dòng)詞，表示通過視覺、聽覺或嗅覺認(rèn)出原 來所熟悉的人或物，不能與表示一段時(shí)間的詞連用。She had changed so much that I couldn t recognize her at the first sight.40. gather,contain,include,collect辨析這四個(gè)詞都有“收集”的意思，但在意義及用法上有所不同。(1)gat

40、her指把分散的東西集中在一個(gè)地方，例如收莊稼等。She gathered her papers and books together.(2)contain 可用于表示包含所含之物的全部或部分。This book contains all the information you need.(3)include只能用于表示所包含之物的一部分。The price includes postagecharges.(4)collect用來指為了一個(gè)特定的目的把東西仔細(xì)地挑選后收集起來，例如集郵等。The boy enjoys collecting coins.41. burn down,burn ou

41、t,burn up 辨析(1)burn down (火勢(shì))減弱；(被)焚毀。(2)burn out 燒盡，熄滅。burn up被燒掉(毀)；燒得更旺。42. how often, how long, how far, how soon 辨析(1)how often 有“多久一次”的意思，是對(duì)做某事的頻率提問。對(duì) how often的 回答一般是：twice a year/three times a week 。(2)how long表示“時(shí)間多久或物體多長”，表示時(shí)間時(shí)側(cè)重指“一段時(shí)間”。對(duì)how long的回答一般是時(shí)間段，如 for three days 。(3)how far是提問“路程

42、有多遠(yuǎn)”，詢問距離的，還可以表示程度。(4)how soon表示“多久之后”，主要用來對(duì)表示將來的一段時(shí)間提問。對(duì)howsoon的回答一般是：in+時(shí)間段，如 in two days/in five years 。43. alive,living 辨析這兩個(gè)詞都表示“活著的，有生命的”的意思，但用法有所不同。(1)alive是表語形容詞，放在系動(dòng)詞之后，不能放在它所修飾的名詞之前。He is the only man alive who could do it.(2)living既可用作表語形容詞，又可用作定語形容詞，故可放在它所修飾的名詞之前。English is a living lang

43、uage.(3)就使用場(chǎng)合而言，alive多用于人，用作比喻或強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)也用于物；living主要 用作定語，修飾人或物均可。就詞性而言，alive只能用作形容詞，不能作名詞；living 既可作形容詞，又可作名詞。44. alone,lone,lonely 辨析(1)alone只表示“單獨(dú)無伴”，不表示心理上的“孤獨(dú)”，只能作表語或狀語， 不能作定語。(2)lone也表示“單獨(dú)無伴”，只用作定語。(3)lonely 表示心理上的“孤獨(dú)”或地點(diǎn)的“荒涼”。He lived alone on a lonely island as a lone man.45. loud,loudly,aloud 辨析

44、(1)loud大聲地，響亮地，修飾動(dòng)詞一般用loud而不用loudly ,尤其是在非正式 談話中。常與loud連用的動(dòng)詞有talk,laugh,speak,shout 等。(2)loudly 高聲地，有時(shí)可與loud通用，但更側(cè)重“喧鬧”的意思。Don t talk so loud/lo udly.(3)aloud出聲地，又有使聲音被對(duì)方聽到的意思，往往與 read連用。Please read the passage aloud.46. cross,across,crossing 辨析(1)cross作動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，意思是“橫過。cross作名詞用時(shí)，指“十字形的東西”。They are cros

45、sing the river.(2)across可作介詞或副詞，意為“橫穿，橫過”。They pushed the cart across the bridge.(3)crossing 意為“十字路口，人行橫道”。They are standing at a crossing.47. at a distance,in the distance 辨析(1)at a distance是“從遠(yuǎn)處”的意思，表示一定的距離、近距離或具體的距離， 其不定冠詞a有時(shí)可以省略或是改為someThis picture looks better at a distance.(2)in the distance 表

46、示“在遠(yuǎn)處”，強(qiáng)調(diào)距離之遠(yuǎn)。We saw lights in the distance.48. at any moment,at the moment,for a moment,for the moment,in a moment,the moment析(1)at any moment 隨時(shí)，任何時(shí)候，與 at any time 及 at all times 同義。We can ask him for help at any moment.(2)at the moment表示“現(xiàn)在，此刻”的意思，用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，也可以說成 at this moment, 相當(dāng)于 now/at present

47、。I am busy at the moment.(3)for a moment 片刻，一會(huì)兒。The man was silent for a moment.(4)for the moment 目前，暫時(shí)。For the moment he didn t know what to say.(5)in a moment立即，馬上，表示現(xiàn)在或過去的動(dòng)作即將發(fā)生的時(shí)間。Hurry up,the film will start in a moment.(6)the momen訓(xùn)來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從何，意為“一就，相當(dāng)于 as soonas。The moment I saw I knew that the

48、re was no hope.49. cause, reason, excuse 辨析cause意為“起因，原因”，指引起某種結(jié)果的必然原因，即主要事實(shí)方面的 原因。The cause of the fire was carelessness.(2)reason意為“理由，原因”，指用以解釋某些已發(fā)生的事情的理由或借口，這種理由可能是也可能不是真正的理由，強(qiáng)調(diào)邏輯推理方面的理由。Tell usyour reason for changing the plan.(3)excuse指為免受指責(zé)或推卸責(zé)任而找的理由或辯解，也就是我們常說的“借 口”。Too much work is no excuse for absence.50. journey, trip, travel, voyage辨析(1)journey適用的范圍較廣，可指陸地、海上或空中的旅行，常用于表示長途或短途的常規(guī)旅行。(2)trip尤指短途旅行，可與make,take,go on等構(gòu)成短語。He went on a trip to the nearest seaside his holidays.(3)tr