1、Secti onIVLan guagePoints（II）（Less on 2 & Less on 3）語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)自測(cè)i.單詞拼寫(xiě)根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)或首字母提示，寫(xiě)出下列單詞1.True friends always share their sadness and happiness（快樂(lè)）with each other.2._ The house is very large with a widebalcony（ _陽(yáng)臺(tái)）.3.To the children in the school,she is a real ange _天使）.4.My uncle is a religious（虔誠(chéng)的）m

2、an and he goes to church every Sun day.5.She wore so much jewellery（珠寶）that she seemed to be covered in gold.6.The roofs of the houses were covered with leaves.7.A famous architect designed the building.8.He was caught in the rain on his way home and got his new shoes ruined_.9.A Chinese wont think

3、that Chinese characters are more difficult to writethan En glish words.10. The Tang Dynasty is usually regarded as a rich period in Chinese history.I.拓展詞匯根據(jù)詞性和漢語(yǔ)提示，寫(xiě)出下列單詞1.jewelleryn.（總稱）珠寶宀jeweln.珠寶，首飾2.architectn.建筑師宀architecturen.建筑學(xué)，建筑風(fēng)格3.ruinvt.毀壞，毀滅n.破產(chǎn)，垮臺(tái)宀ruinsn.廢墟4.happinessn.幸福，快樂(lè)宀happyadj.

4、幸福的，快樂(lè)的宀happilyadv.快樂(lè)地，幸福地5.relatev.聯(lián)系relation n.聯(lián)系，關(guān)系宀relatedadj.相關(guān)的，有聯(lián)系的尋規(guī)律、巧記憶adj.+-nessn.v.+-edTadj.dark nessn.黑暗tired nessn.疲勞，疲倦kindn essn.好意silli nessn.愚蠢accustomedadj.通常的，習(xí)慣的addictedadj.上癮的，有強(qiáng)烈興趣的disabledadj.殘廢的，殘疾的川.補(bǔ)全短語(yǔ)根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全下列短語(yǔ)1.sort of_有點(diǎn)，有幾分地2.as if/though好像，仿佛3.be located in位于；坐落于4.as

5、 many as多達(dá)；和.一樣多e out出現(xiàn)；出版；結(jié)果是6.date back(to)追溯到7.put up舉起；張貼，掛上8.be used as被當(dāng)作使用9.relate to _把聯(lián)系起來(lái)10.refer to _提到，談到；查閱，參閱11.cross out劃掉，刪掉12.in the shape of以形式；呈的形狀e up被提出，被考慮；走上前來(lái)14.try out試用，試驗(yàn)15.leave out遺漏，省略IV .選詞填空選用上述短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空1.As a matter of fact,most of The Great Wall dates back to the Mi

6、ng Dynasty.2.Someth ing happe ned whe n Thomas Edis on tried out his new ideas on the train.3.We dont allow putting up posters and ads at the school gate.4.What I have to say refers to all of you.5.Hes been acting sort of strange lately.V.經(jīng)典句式仿寫(xiě)背教材原句記句式結(jié)構(gòu)仿寫(xiě)促落實(shí)1. Write down as many words asyou can th

7、at give new in formatio nandarestressed.盡可能多地寫(xiě)下那些給予新 的信息以及被強(qiáng)調(diào)的單詞。as.as sb.ca n/could意為“盡可能”，相當(dāng)于as.as possiblePlease answer my questions assoon as possible/ youcan.請(qǐng)盡快回答我的問(wèn)題。2. People to whom the deadperson was related would makethese offeringsonspecial days and during festivals.死者親屬會(huì)在特殊的日子和 節(jié)日期間擺出這些

8、供品。“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句This is the ship by whichI went to Shan ghai.這是我去上海所乘坐的船。核心要點(diǎn)探究Q featuren.特征，特色（教材P38）features:baleony , tower,roof,statue特色：陽(yáng)臺(tái)，塔頂，房頂，雕像1An in teresti ngfeature of the city is the old market.這座城市的一個(gè)有趣的特色就是它的舊市場(chǎng)。featurev.是.的特征；以.為特色；起重要作用； 是主要特色feature in在中起主要作用feature.as.以.為特征/色A s

9、tudy of Ian guage should feature in an En glish literature course.語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)當(dāng)成為英語(yǔ)文學(xué)課的重要組成部分。The film features Anthony Hoplei ns as Picasso.這部電影由安東尼霍普金斯扮演畢加索。ruinvt.毀壞，毀滅1Dont let negativityruin your motivation.不要讓消極毀了你的動(dòng)機(jī)。ruinn.廢墟；毀壞；滅亡；崩潰in rui ns成為廢墟；破敗不堪fall into rui n破?。惶鷅rin g.to ruin使毀滅2When they

10、retur ned to Rockaway the n ext dayin ruins第二天回到洛克威的時(shí)候，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的街區(qū)成為了廢墟。3A large nu mber of churches fell into ruin after the war.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)過(guò)后，許多教堂都?xì)Я?。圖形助記“毀壞”不容忽視destroydamageruin有幾分地(教材P39)lnside，its sort ofstrange.里面，有點(diǎn)奇怪。1rm sort ofdisappo in ted that Gran dma did nt come to my birthday party.奶奶沒(méi)來(lái)參加我的生日聚會(huì)

11、，我有點(diǎn)失望。(1)sort of=a little/a bit/k ind of一點(diǎn)兒a sort of=a kind of一種all sorts of=all kinds of各種各樣的some sort of某種(2)sortv.分類，整理I dont like all sorts(sort) of music.我并不是喜歡各種音樂(lè)。They should pay some sort of tax_and be fined for not weari ng them.如果不穿戴它們的話，他們應(yīng)該繳某種稅和被罰款。(教材P39) Write down as many words as yo

12、u can that give new information andare stressed.盡可能多地寫(xiě)下那些給予新的信息以及被強(qiáng)調(diào)的單詞?！疽c(diǎn)提煉】as.as sb.ca n/could“盡可能.，相當(dāng)于as.as possible 1He gets early to remember as many words as possible .他早起以便盡可能多地記住單詞。as.as sb.can/could句式中，as.as之間應(yīng)用adj.或adv.原級(jí)，有時(shí)形容詞后還可以加名詞，常用于as+adj.+a/an+n.+as結(jié)構(gòu)。,they found their neighborhood

13、破壞（不能修復(fù)）毀壞，損壞（還可修復(fù)）（逐漸）毀壞sort of2Please let me know your decisi on as soon_as possible(=as soon as you can)請(qǐng)盡快告訴我你的決定。3I dont want as expensive a car as this. _我不要這么貴的汽車。date back (to )追溯到(教材F4o)Paper cuts of animals have been found in tombs whichdate back to thetime of the Northern and Souther n Dy

14、n asty!人們?cè)?jīng)在南北朝時(shí)期的墓穴中發(fā)現(xiàn)過(guò)動(dòng)物形狀的剪紙！Chinas modern - day space ambitionsdate back to 1970，when it sent thecoun trys first satellite into orbit.中國(guó)當(dāng)代探索太空的雄心自1970年就開(kāi)始了，那一年中國(guó)把自己的第一顆衛(wèi)星送入了軌道。(1)date from追溯到(2)daten.日期；約會(huì)have a date with.與約會(huì)(3) out-of-date過(guò)時(shí)的up- to - date最新的Sixty -five may be out-of-date as the

15、 dividing line between middle age and oldage.把65歲作為中年和老年的分水嶺已經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)了。They have access to up - to - date information through a computer database.他們可以通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)獲得最新信息。名師點(diǎn)津date back to相當(dāng)于date from，只能用于主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)，但可 用其v.-ing形式作定語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等。談?wù)摤F(xiàn)存的物品或建筑物時(shí)，雖然這一事物建造 于過(guò)去某一時(shí)期，但仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。purposen.目的，意圖（教材P4）Mr Chen

16、 went on to explain that there are three types of paper cutswhich people still make today:paper cuts for decoration, for religious purposesand for desig n patter ns.陳先生接著介紹說(shuō)，如今人們還在剪的剪紙有三種：裝飾用的剪紙、宗教目的用的剪紙和式樣設(shè)計(jì)用的剪紙。The purpose of education is to replace an empty mind with an open one.（MalcolmForbes)教育

17、的目的是用能工巧匠接受新思想的頭腦去取代一個(gè)空虛的靈魂。美國(guó)教育家 福布斯for/with the purpose of為了目的on purpose故意地，有目的地to the purpose合乎目的地；中肯地2She seems to do these things on purpose.她似乎有意做這些事。3Disney went to the tow n with the purpose of finding a job.為了能找到一份工作，迪斯尼進(jìn)城了。put up公布；張貼；舉起，抬起；建造，搭建；提供膳宿（教材P4o）They are usuallyput up during ho

18、lidays to bring good luck.它們通常在節(jié)日期間被貼上，以（祈求）帶來(lái)好運(yùn)。 曰-丈 寫(xiě)出下列句子中put up的意思1Will you help me put up this picture？張貼2Put your hand up if you want to ask a question.舉起3The hikers put up tents for the night.搭建4We can put you up for the night，but you must show your ID.提供膳宿put up with忍受，容忍put aside把放在一邊，暫不考慮；

19、儲(chǔ)蓄put away收拾起來(lái)；儲(chǔ)蓄put forward提出（計(jì)劃）put dow n寫(xiě)下，記下put on穿上；上演；假裝put off推遲，拖延put out熄滅；伸出；生產(chǎn)I can put up with the house being untidy，but I hate it if its not clean.我能忍受這套房子凌亂，但不喜歡它不干凈。They put forward a number of suggesti ons.他們提出了一些建議。語(yǔ)境助記All the firefighters were sent to put out the fire,so the meeti

20、ng had to be put off.I put thefiles away and put them aside.所有的消防隊(duì)員都被派出去救火了，所以會(huì)議不得不被推遲了。我把文件收好后放在了一邊。n.（書(shū)寫(xiě)或印刷的）字，字體；個(gè)性；特色；特征；人物，角色(教材P4o)Paper cuts which show the Chineseofte n used to celebrate weddi ngs.中國(guó)“囍”字的剪紙常用來(lái)慶賀婚禮。i：.l爲(wèi)V寫(xiě)出下列句子中character的意思1His character is very different from his wife.性格2You

21、 can look up a character under its radical (部首).漢字3I find all the characters in his new play amus ing.人物角色I(xiàn) wish this book was written in biggercharacters .字體(1)i n character符合某人的性格out of character不符合某人的性格(2)characteristicadj.特有的n.特征，特色(3)characterizevt.使具有特點(diǎn)，是的特征Her behavior last ni ght was quiteou

22、t of character.她昨晚的舉止與她的性格很不相符。She spoke with characteristic(character) enthusiasm.她說(shuō)話帶著特有的熱情。圖形助記character多含義山character特征O charaeler漢字（教材P4o）l was also ready to我還準(zhǔn)備好了親自制作剪紙。character for double happ in ess aretry outpaper-cutt ing for myself.charactertry out試用；試驗(yàn)Jamie could hardly wait to杰米迫不及待地想試一

23、下他的新自try out目行車。his new bike.try on試穿try out for sth.參加. 選拔；試演try for力爭(zhēng)獲得try on es best盡力More tha n a hun dred uni versity stude nts are tryi ng for a job in the CivilService in China on average this year.在中國(guó)，今年平均每個(gè)公務(wù)員職位有超過(guò)百名大學(xué)生在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。I tried my best to comfort her.我盡了最大努力去安慰她。解構(gòu)長(zhǎng)句難句(教材P40)“A young far

24、mer who wan ted a wife would look at a young womans paper-cutting skillsbefore marrying her!”explained Mr Chen, laughing at the look of surprise on my face.【分析】本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。直接引語(yǔ)中who引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞farmer；現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)laughing at.作伴隨狀語(yǔ)?！痉g】看著我臉上的驚異表情，陳先生笑著說(shuō)：“年輕農(nóng)夫會(huì)依據(jù)年輕女子的剪紙手藝來(lái)挑選自己的新娘！ ”隨堂效果落實(shí)I.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.In this remo

25、te village stands an ancient temple dating (date) from hundreds of years ago.2.Years of fighting have left the area in ruins (ruin). _3.Theacademy,located (locate) in your city,has a truly internationalflavour.4.Tom is one of the boys who are (be) on time.5.I have a lot to say in relation to that ac

26、cide nt.n.單句改錯(cuò)1.There are a small number of people involved,possibly as little as twenty.littleTfew2.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay on ruins.onin3.My hometown is a village,locating at the foot of a hill.locati nglocated4. A study of Ianguage should feature as an English literature cour

27、se.asfin川.完成句子1.離開(kāi)父母這么久，我多少有點(diǎn)想他們。I sort/k ind of miss my pare nts after leavi ng them so long.2.你們所有人明天早晨一定要盡量早來(lái)。All of you must come as early as you can/possible tomorrow morning_.3.我們應(yīng)該在做實(shí)驗(yàn)之前把所有的設(shè)備都試一下。We should try out all the equipme nt before we do the experime nt.4.中華文化的起源可以追溯到5 000多年之前。The or

28、igin of Chinese culture dates back to more than 5, 000 years ago.語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)突破關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句先觀察教材原句后自主感悟Chen Zijia ng is a paper-cutting expert whomI in terviewed for my article on Chin ese Art.1.例句中的先行詞為expert，指人，Paper - cutti ng is someth ing that he lear ned在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，故用whom引導(dǎo)。to do from an early age.2.例句中的

29、先行詞為something，指Paper cuts of ani mals have bee n found in物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，故用thattombs which date back to the time of the引導(dǎo)。Norther n and Souther n Dyn asty!3.例句中的先行詞為tombs，指物，A young farmer who wan ted a wife would look在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用which引導(dǎo)。at a young womans paper-cuttingskills4.例句中的先行詞為farmer，指人，before ma

30、rrying her!在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用who引導(dǎo)。A presentforparentswhose child has5.例句中的先行詞為parents，在定recen tly bee n born might show a paper cut of語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，故用whose引導(dǎo)。children,for example.精要點(diǎn)撥一、定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞是用來(lái)指代先行詞是人或物的詞。關(guān)系代詞有who, whom whose,that,which等。1.that既可以指人也可以指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。The noodles（that）l cooke

31、d were delicious.（作賓語(yǔ)）我煮的面條很好吃。The woman that spoke to me in the shop is my aunt.（作主語(yǔ)）在商店里和我說(shuō)話的那個(gè)婦女是我的姨媽。2. which僅指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。China is a country which has a long history.（作主語(yǔ)）中國(guó)是一個(gè)具有悠久歷史的國(guó)家。The fish（which）we bought this morning was not fresh.（作賓語(yǔ)）我們今天早晨買的魚(yú)不新鮮。3. who指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，在口語(yǔ)中也可作賓

32、語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。The man who is shaking hands with my teacher is my father.（作主語(yǔ)）正在和老師握手的那個(gè)人是我父親。The girl （who） I spoke to is a nurse.（作賓語(yǔ)）和我說(shuō)話的那個(gè)女孩是一位護(hù)士。4. whom指人，是who的賓格形式，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。She is the manager（whom）you want to know.（作賓語(yǔ)）她是你想認(rèn)識(shí)的那個(gè)經(jīng)理。5. whose指人或物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)。I know a boy whose father is an engine

33、er.（作定語(yǔ)）我認(rèn)識(shí)一個(gè)男孩，他的父親是位工程師。She saw a film whose name she has forgotten.（作定語(yǔ)）她看了一部電影，名字她忘記了。名師點(diǎn)津whose在定語(yǔ)從句中指物時(shí)可說(shuō)成the+名詞+of which”或of which+ 詞”的形式。He has writte n a book whose n ameve forgotte n.=He has written a book the name of which Ive forgotten.=He has written a book of which the name Ive forgotte

34、n.the+名1.that既可以指人也可以指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。他寫(xiě)了一本書(shū)，我忘了書(shū)名。即時(shí)演練1單句改錯(cuò)He is the right man whom you are looking for him.去掉himThis is the very book that you n eed it very much.去掉it二、值得注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題1關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于先行詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是想見(jiàn)你的那個(gè)人嗎？Those who are in their f

35、ifties are required to have a physical exam in ati on after noon.那些年齡在五十歲以上的人被要求于今天下午去體檢。2.關(guān)系代詞只用that不用which的情形。(1)當(dāng)something,anything,nothing,the one,all,much, few,any,little先行詞或先行詞被any,few,little,no,all修飾時(shí)，只用that，不用which。This is all (that) we have learned from her.這是所有我們從她那兒了解的情況。(2)先行詞被the only,t

36、he very修飾時(shí)，只用that。These are the very points that puzzle me.這些正是使我迷惑的地方。(3)先行詞為序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)，只用that。This is the most beautiful and clea nest city that I have visited in China.這是我游覽過(guò)的中國(guó)最美麗也最干凈的城市。(4)先行詞既有人，又有物時(shí)。He talked about the men and the places that attracted him.他談?wù)摿宋哪切┤撕偷胤健?5)主句是以which或who開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)。Which is the hotel that you stayed at last ni ght?你昨晚住