.,1,詞匯量：5500多單詞,簡單句并列句復(fù)合句,詞類,名詞和冠詞,動(dòng)詞,代詞和數(shù)詞,介詞和連詞,形容詞和副詞,非謂語動(dòng)詞,動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài).,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,定語從句名詞性從句狀語從句,高中英語,語言知識,語言運(yùn)用,虛擬語氣,聽力,閱讀,寫作,詞法,句法,系動(dòng)詞,助動(dòng)詞,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,語態(tài),強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,主謂一致,倒裝,省略,.,2,名詞,.,3,名詞考點(diǎn)：1.單復(fù)數(shù)2.所有格3.可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞4.主謂一致,.,4,名詞在句子中的作用,找出句子中的名詞并指出它們的作用Thetrainisapproaching.Thestoryisveryinteresting.Iwillspendmysummerholidayonthebeach.Ireadabookinthelibrary.Shebecamemyfriend.Heisateacher.HespeaksEnglish.Ididitforthecountry.,.,5,9.Theyhavegreatconcernforusstudents.10.Chinaourmotherlandisadevelopingcountry.11.Themeetinglastedanhour.12.Wemadehimourmonitor.,13.Takeaseat,MissLake.14.Wemadehimourmonitor.,.,6,名詞的句法功能：名詞在句子中可以多種句子成分，如做,語等。,.,7,用所給詞的正確形式填空并判斷語法功能:1(2016全國，61)Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asiasbiggestbuilding,andfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop_(attract)2(2016全國，69)Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew_(day)withhissister.3(2016全國，42)Handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyoullfeelarealsenseof_(achieve)4(2016全國，46)Recent_(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaksregularly.,.,8,I.可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變法,情況,加法,例詞,一般情況,以s,x,ch,sh,結(jié)尾的詞,以輔音y結(jié)尾的詞,以輔音+o結(jié)尾的詞,以f或fe結(jié)尾的詞,加-s,加-es,去y加-ies,多數(shù)加-es,把f/fe改成ves,brothers;schools,buses;watches;dishes,ladies;countries,heroes;tomatoes,halves;leaves,1.規(guī)則動(dòng)詞,.,9,不規(guī)則名詞單復(fù)數(shù)變化:,（1）單復(fù)數(shù)同形:sheep,deer,fish,means,species,works(工廠),aircraft,spacecraft,Chinese,Japanese,Swiss（2）改變字母：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,saleswomansaleswomen,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,goose-geese,mousemicebasis-bases（3）增加字母:child-children,oxoxen,.,10,（4）以o結(jié)尾的詞：加s:photo,radio,piano,zoo,studio,bamboo,tobacco加es:tomato,potato,heroNegroesandheroesliketoeattomatoesandpotatoes.（5）以f或fe結(jié)尾的詞:直接加s：roof,proof,belief,chief,gulf,變f為v再加es：life,wife,knife,half,leaf,wolf,thiefWivesseesthievesareundershelves.Holingknivestokillwolves.Fallenleavescutwolvesintotwohalves,losinglives.,妻子見賊架下藏。手持刀子要?dú)⒗?。樹葉把狼分兩半，可憐老狼把命亡。,.,11,(6)合成名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式：1.將合成名詞中的主體名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)：looker(s)-on,passer(s)-by,mother(s)-in-law將最后一部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)：grown-up(s),go-between(s)(中間人），2.含man或woman的合成名詞：它們隨其后名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的變化而變化。如：amandoctor-twomendoctorswomanteacher-womenteachers注意：boystudents,girlfriends,ladydoctors,.,12,A名詞只能用復(fù)數(shù)形式的短語：doexercises（做操）takenotes(做筆記）taketurns（輪流）makefriendswith（交朋友）shakehandswith(握手）asfollows（如下）inrags（衣衫襤褸）indozens（成打的）,.,13,II.不可數(shù)名詞的”數(shù)”,1.抽象名詞表示具有某種特性、狀態(tài)、感情情緒的人或事。如：抽象名詞（不可數(shù)）具體化（個(gè)體名詞，可數(shù)名詞）insurprise驚訝地asurprise一件令人驚訝的事winsuccess獲得成功asuccess一個(gè)(件)成功的人(事)winhonor贏得榮譽(yù)anhonor一個(gè)(件)引以為榮的(事)byexperience靠經(jīng)驗(yàn)anexperience一次經(jīng)歷youth青春ayouth一個(gè)青年人havepityonsb.憐憫某人apity可惜的事情withpleasure樂意apleasure樂事,.,14,Failureisthemotherofsuccess.Hethoughthimselfafailure.HehasgotrichexperienceaftermanyexperiencesThoughshelovesbeauty,sheisnotabeauty.Hegainssuccessinmarriage,butheisnotasuccessincareer.,.,15,2.抽象名詞與a(an)連用，淡化了抽象概念，轉(zhuǎn)化為似乎可以體驗(yàn)到的動(dòng)作、行為或類別。如：AknowledgeofEnglishisamustininternationaltrade.Wouldyouliketohaveawalk(swim,bath,talk)withme?Itisawasteoftimereadingsuchanovel.,.,16,必須牢記的不可數(shù)名詞,progressadvicefuninformationworkbaggageluggagenewsjewelryweatherequipmentknowledgehomeworkfurniture改錯(cuò)：1.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.2.Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenourviewandgainknowledges.,.,17,1)當(dāng)不可數(shù)名詞表示個(gè)體時(shí)，必須使用單位名詞(量詞)。apieceofadvice/bread/chalk/newsapairofglasses/shoes/trouserstwobottlesofink/milk/wine2）下面不可數(shù)名詞不可與不定冠詞連用。adviceweatherknowledgehomeworkprogressfunnewshouseworkinformationfurnituretraffic,.,18,3)有些名詞的用法隨意義變化而不同。coffee(咖啡)acoffee(一杯咖啡)glass(玻璃)aglass(玻璃杯)man(人類)aman(男人)iron(鐵)aniron(熨斗)room（空間）aroom（房間）work（工作）awork（著作）paper（報(bào)紙）apaper（報(bào)社）hair（頭發(fā)）hairs（幾根頭發(fā)）,.,19,III.名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的特殊情況:,集體名詞只用作復(fù)數(shù)：police,cattle,people，public,theyouth(2)集體名詞用作不可數(shù)名詞:clothing,furniture,luggage(baggage),wealth(3)集體名詞視具體情況而定單復(fù)數(shù)：family,class,population,staff,crew,couple,public,group,team,party,club,company,government,committee,audience,enemy(4)只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞:clothes,trousers,jeans,twins,glasses,scissors,goods，wages,tears,.,20,(5)以s結(jié)尾但不表示復(fù)數(shù):mathematics,physics,politics,news,woods(森林),works(工廠)(6)有沒有s結(jié)尾意義不同：glassglasses,clothclothes,workworks,waterwaters,woodwoods,goodgoods,timetimes(時(shí)代),paperpapers(論文)customcustoms(海關(guān)),(7)姓氏后加s并帶冠詞，表一家人或夫婦倆:theGreens；theChengs,.,21,名詞所有格表示名詞間的所有關(guān)系“的”一.名詞所有格的構(gòu)成方法1.單數(shù)名詞后加“s”*Tomsbook*myfriendsuncle2.以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞,則在s后加“”即可*TeachersDay*twoweeksholiday3.不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞的所有格,仍按慣例加“s”*ChildrensDay*mensshoes,.,22,注意：但是有些表示時(shí)間、距離、國家、等無生命的東西的名詞，可以加“s”來構(gòu)成所有格。Todaysnewspapertenminuteswalk，Chinasproblem，tomorrowsweatherintwoyearstimetwohoursdelay注意：twohoursdelay=atwo-hourdelay：例如：WehavetenminutesbreakWehaveatenminutebreak4.用of加名詞，構(gòu)成所屬關(guān)系的短語，主要用于表示無生命名詞的所有關(guān)系*apictureoftheclassroomthecoverofthebook,.,23,.雙重屬格：限定詞+名詞+of+名詞所有格/名詞性物主代詞強(qiáng)調(diào)左邊的名詞是右邊名詞的一部分：afriendofmyfathers;twoclassmatesofminesomefriendsofmybrothersthatbookofTims,.,24,二.名詞所有格的幾個(gè)注意點(diǎn)1.可用名詞所有格表示地點(diǎn),地點(diǎn)名詞習(xí)慣上省略*myaunts(home）*gototheteachers(office）2.表示兩人共同擁有,在最后一個(gè)名詞后加“s”LucyandLilysroom露西和莉莉的房間（兩人共有）LucysandLilysroom.露西的房間和莉莉的房間（兩人各有）,.語境感悟Two_1_(月)ago，Ihaddinnerat_2_(Mr.White)withtwo_3_(朋友)andthree_4_(英雄).Duringthedinner，Whitetalkedalotabouthis_5_(experience)inAmerica.Hetoldmethattheymetwithmany(difficult).Hegainedhis_8_(wealthy)byprintingworksoffamouswriters.Afterthedinner，hemadefive_9_(tea)forus.AsfarasIamconcerned，IthoughtMr.Whitefocusedtoomuchon(successful)becausehedidntwanttobea_10_(fail).,.,26,高考真題,1.Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.2.Theteenageyearfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.3.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.4.Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenourviewandgainknowledges.5.Istayedhereforoneandahalfhourandmadesurethatthegirlwasallhopeyouunderstand.,.,27,6.Withinthenextfewminute,mygrandfatheralsocaughtafish.7.Somefriendso