高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省丹江口市部分學校2025-2026學年高一上學期開學考試英語試題一、單項填空（每題2分，共24分）從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1.Mysisterisgoodatsinging.________canevensingsomeFrenchsongs.A.I B.He C.You D.She【答案】D【詳析】考查人稱代詞。句意：我妹妹擅長唱歌。她甚至能唱一些法語歌。根據(jù)“Mysister”可知，主語為she。故選D項。2.TheseChineseastronautswillstayinthespacestation________sixmonths.A.at B.on C.to D.for【答案】D【詳析】考查介詞。句意：這些中國宇航員將在空間站停留六個月。分析句子可知，此處為“for+一段時間”表示“持續(xù)……時間”。故選D項。3.—Mom,________IgotothecinemawithmyclassmatesthisSundayafternoon?—Yes,ofcourseyoucan.A.can B.must C.need D.should【答案】A【詳析】考查情態(tài)動詞用法。句意：——媽媽，這個星期天下午我能和同學們?nèi)タ措娪皢幔俊堑模惝斎豢梢?。，根?jù)答語“Yes,ofcourseyoucan.”（是的，你當然可以。）可知，問句是用“can”來提問，詢問是否被允許做某事，故選A項。4.TheNationalLibraryofChinais________publiclibraryinAsia.A.large B.larger C.largest D.thelargest【答案】D【詳析】考查形容詞最高級。句意：中國國家圖書館是亞洲最大的公共圖書館。根據(jù)句意可知，空處為形容詞最高級，表示中國國家圖書館是亞洲最大的公共圖書館。形容詞最高級前的冠詞為定冠詞。故選D項。5.—Steve,________didyoubegintolearnhowtoplaychess?—Abouttwoyearsago.A.what B.when C.why D.where【答案】B【詳析】考查特殊疑問詞。句意：——史蒂夫，你什么時候開始學習下國際象棋的？——大約兩年前。根據(jù)下文“Abouttwoyearsago.”可知，問的時間，疑問詞為when。故選B項。6.Janethasdonealotforus,________wewanttowriteherathank-youletter.A.or B.but C.so D.for【答案】C【詳析】考查連詞辨析。句意：珍妮特為我們做了很多，所以我們想給她寫一封感謝信。A.or或者；否則。B.but但是；C.so所以；D.for因為。根據(jù)句意可知，前后為因果關系。故選C項。7.Maryapicturewhenherdadgothomeyesterdayevening.A.draws B.wasdrawing C.isdrawing D.willdraw【答案】B【詳析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：當昨天晚上瑪麗的爸爸到家時，她正在畫畫。由語境可知，表示過去某一時間正在進行的動作，句子應用過去進行時。故選B項。8.Charlie________hisgrandparentseveryweekend.Helovesthemverymuch.A.visits B.wasvisiting C.willvisit D.hasvisited【答案】A【詳析】考查一般現(xiàn)在時。句意：查理每個周末都去看望他的祖父母。他非常愛他們。根據(jù)“everyweekend”可知，本句為一般現(xiàn)在時。主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故選A項。9.—Peter,didyouplaytabletenniswithyourfriendsafterschoolyesterday?—No,Ididn’t.We________vegetablesinourschoolgarden.A.water B.havewatered C.watered D.aregoingtowater【答案】C【詳析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：——彼得，昨天放學后你和朋友打乒乓球了嗎？——不，我沒有。我們給學校花園里的蔬菜澆水。根據(jù)問句中的“yesterday（昨天）”可知，答句描述的是過去發(fā)生的動作，所以謂語動詞要用一般過去式。故選C項。10.Manyinternationalstudentstovisitourschoolsincelastyear.A.arecoming B.havecome C.came D.willcome【答案】B【詳析】考查現(xiàn)在完成時。句意：自去年以來，許多國際學生來參觀了我們學校。“sincelastyear”是現(xiàn)在完成時的典型標志詞。故選B項。11.Languagelearningapps________bymoreandmorepeoplethesedays.A.use B.used C.areused D.wereused【答案】C【詳析】考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：如今，越來越多的人使用語言學習應用程序。分析句子可知，“Languagelearningapps（語言學習應用程序）”和“use（使用）”之間是被動關系，所以要用被動語態(tài)。時間狀語“thesedays（如今，現(xiàn)在）”表明句子要用一般現(xiàn)在時。主語“Languagelearningapps”是復數(shù)，所以be動詞用“are”，“use”的過去分詞是“used”。故選C項。12.—Linda,doyouknowfortheschooltripthisterm?—Yes.WearegoingtotheCapitalMuseum.A.wherewearegoing B.wherewewent C.wherearewegoing D.wheredidwego【答案】A【詳析】考查賓語從句。句意：——琳達，你知道這學期學校旅行我們要去哪里嗎？——是的。我們要去首都博物館?！拔覀円ツ睦铩笔琴e語從句，從句要用陳述句語序，C、D選項是疑問句語序，可排除；再根據(jù)答語“WearegoingtotheCapitalMuseum.”可知，問的是這學期學校旅行要去哪里，是將來的動作，B選項“wherewewent”是一般過去時，不符合語境，A選項“wherewearegoing”是一般將來時，符合語境。故選A項。二、完形填空（每題2分，共16分）閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。TheNewYearpartywasusuallyheldatmyaunt’shouseandmyfavoritepartwastheapplecake.Attheageof11,whenIfirstfoundoutthatmygrandfather,whowasneverinthekitchen,wasthemasterbehindit,Iwasgreatly_____13_____.AndIthoughtthatthiswastheperfectchancetogettherecipe(制作方法),andthatIcouldactuallyhaveatimeto_____14_____withhim.Sincethen,Iwouldgotomyaunt’searlyonthemorningofNewYear’sDay,andwe’dmakethecaketogetherhappily.IwasamazedthatGrandpacouldpeelanappleinonerind.Andwe’dmixeverythingandputitintotheoven.Oncethecakewasdone,thehousewouldimmediatelysmelllikeapples.ButasIgotolder,sodidGrandpa.OneNewYear’sDay,asIwastakingouttheapplesfromtheshoppingbag_____15_____asusual,helookedatmeandsaid,“Sophia,whatareyoudoing?”Iwasshocked.Iknewthathewasbeginningtoforgetthings,butIdidn’tthinkhewouldforgetthis.Itwasour____16____.Itwasourtimeofbonding(聯(lián)絡感情).Myheartached.“We’remakingtheapplecake.Youknow,wealwaysmakeacakeonNewYear’sDay.”Andhesaid,“Applecake?Canyouteachme?”Now,Iwasterrified(很害怕的).Still,I_____17_____GrandpainmakingthecakebecauseIdidn’twantthistraditiontodie.Butthewholetimeitjustdidn’tfeelthesame.Fast-forwardtothisNewYear,Grandpawasinhospital,andwe’dhaveourfamilygettogetherthere.Tobringabitof_____18_____tothefamily,Idecidedtomaketheapplecakeathomebymyself.ButIwas_____19_____myselfthewholetime.Iwasafraidthecakewasgoingtotasteterriblebecauseitdidn’thaveGrandpa’stouch.Atthehospital,everyonewassurrounding(圍繞)him,creatingsome_____20_____.Grandpalookeddownatthecake,andthenlookedbackupatmeandsmiled.AndIfeltmemoriesofoursharedmomentsfloodingbacktohim.Eventhoughhewasinhospital,itfeltlikewehadmadethecaketogether.13.A.surprised B.worried C.scared D.satisfied14.A.compare B.connect C.study D.perform15.A.cheerfully B.proudly C.nervously D.curiously16.A.record B.rule C.interest D.tradition17.A.served B.guided C.followed D.protected18.A.trust B.company C.respect D.comfort19.A.cheating B.excusing C.doubting D.thanking20.A.space B.wealth C.magic D.warmth【答案】13.A14.B15.A16.D17.B18.D19.C20.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述作者與祖父在新年一起做蘋果蛋糕的傳統(tǒng)，及祖父失憶、住院后作者獨自做蛋糕延續(xù)溫暖回憶的故事。【13題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：11歲時，當我第一次發(fā)現(xiàn)從不進廚房的祖父竟是這蛋糕的制作者，我非常驚訝。A.surprised驚訝的；B.worried擔心的；C.scared害怕的；D.satisfied滿意的。根據(jù)上文“mygrandfather,whowasneverinthekitchen,wasthemasterbehindit”可知，從不進廚房的祖父會做蛋糕，這一事實讓作者“驚訝”，符合語境。故選A項?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我認為這是得到食譜的絕佳機會，也確實能有機會和他增進感情。A.compare比較；B.connect聯(lián)系，增進感情；C.study學習；D.perform表演。根據(jù)下文“itwasourtimeofbonding”可知，和祖父一起做蛋糕是聯(lián)絡感情的時光，此處“connectwithhim”指“與他增進感情”，符合語境。故選B項。【15題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：有一年元旦，當我像往常一樣興高采烈地從購物袋里拿出蘋果時，他看著我說：“索菲亞，你在干什么？”A.cheerfully興高采烈地；B.proudly自豪地；C.nervously緊張地；D.curiously好奇地。根據(jù)上文“we’dmakethecaketogetherhappily”可知，作者以往和祖父做蛋糕時很開心，此處“asusual”說明她仍像往常一樣“興高采烈地”準備材料，符合一貫的狀態(tài)。故選A項。【16題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我們的傳統(tǒng)。A.record記錄；B.rule規(guī)則；C.interest興趣；D.tradition傳統(tǒng)。根據(jù)下文“thistradition”可知，每年元旦一起做蘋果蛋糕是作者和祖父的“傳統(tǒng)”，前后文信息呼應。故選D項?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但我還是指導祖父做蛋糕，因為我不想讓這個傳統(tǒng)消失。A.served服務；B.guided指導；C.followed跟隨；D.protected保護。前文提到祖父忘記如何做蛋糕并問“Canyouteachme?”，此處指作者“指導”祖父做蛋糕，“guided”與“teach”語義呼應。故選B項。【18題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了給家人帶來一點慰藉，我決定自己在家做蘋果蛋糕。A.trust信任；B.company陪伴；C.respect尊重；D.comfort慰藉。根據(jù)下文“Idecidedtomaketheapplecakeathomebymyself.”可知，祖父住院，家庭聚會在醫(yī)院舉行，作者在家做蘋果蛋糕是為了給家人帶來“慰藉”，緩解醫(yī)院的壓抑氛圍，符合語境。故選D項?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但我全程都在懷疑自己。A.cheating欺騙；B.excusing原諒；C.doubting懷疑；D.thanking感謝。根據(jù)下文“Iwasafraidthecakewasgoingtotasteterriblebecauseitdidn’thaveGrandpa’stouch”可知，作者擔心蛋糕味道不好，所以“懷疑”自己，符合擔憂的心態(tài)。故選C項?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在醫(yī)院里，大家都圍著他，營造出一種溫馨的氛圍。A.space空間；B.wealth財富；C.magic魔法；D.warmth溫暖，溫馨。根據(jù)上文“Atthehospital,everyonewassurrounding(圍繞)him”可知，家人圍在祖父身邊，結(jié)合作者帶來蘋果蛋糕的舉動，可知是營造“溫馨”的氛圍，“warmth”符合家庭團聚的溫情場景。故選D項。三、閱讀理解（每題3分，共39分）（一）下列每個圖片代表一處旅游目的地，請根據(jù)人物的旅行計劃匹配最適合的圖片，并將圖片所對應的選項（ABCD）填在相應位置上，其中一個選項為多余選項。ABCD_____21_____IwanttotraveltoAfricaandseetheanimals.I’dlovetotakelotsofphotosofelephants,giraffesandotheranimals.I’dliketotrysleepinginatentinthewild._____22_____I’dliketogotoNorthAmerica.Ilovetowalkinforests,climbtreesandhikeinthemountains.PerhapsIcouldgobirdwatching,too.Ienjoyexploringnature._____23_____I’vedecidedtotourAustraliawithmyfamily.Myplanistogotothebeach,swimintheseaandsitinthesun.Also,we’regoingtoplayvolleyballonthebeach.【答案】21.D22.B23.C【21題詳析】“IwanttotraveltoAfricaandseetheanimals.I’dlovetotakelotsofphotosofelephants,giraffesandotheranimals.I’dliketotrysleepinginatentinthewild.(我想去非洲旅行，看看那里的動物。我很想拍很多大象、長頸鹿和其他動物的照片。我想嘗試在野外的帳篷里睡覺)”對應圖D。故選D項?！?2題詳析】“I’dliketogotoNorthAmerica.Ilovetowalkinforests,climbtreesandhikeinthemountains.PerhapsIcouldgobirdwatching,too.Ienjoyexploringnature.(我想去北美洲。我喜歡在森林里漫步、爬樹以及在山間徒步?；蛟S我還能去觀鳥。我享受探索大自然的樂趣)”對應圖B。故選B項?！?3題詳析】“I’vedecidedtotourAustraliawithmyfamily.Myplanistogotothebeach,swimintheseaandsitinthesun.Also,we’regoingtoplayvolleyballonthebeach.(我已決定和家人去澳大利亞旅行。我的計劃是去海灘，在海里游泳，曬太陽。此外，我們還打算在海灘上打排球)”對應圖C。故選C項。（二）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。BWhenIwasyoung,flowersfilledmymom’sgardeneachspring.IneverthoughtthatMomhaddonemuchaboutthembehindthescenes(在幕后),untilshesharedhersecretwithme.OnedaylastNovember,MomandIspentawholemorningplantingflowerbulbs(球莖).Idroppedoneineachholeandcovereditoverwithsoil.Myfingerswerenumb(麻木的)bythetimewefinished.However,thegroundlookedjustasflowerbulbemptyandflatasithadbeenbefore.ThenMomtoldmetowait.Ididn’tonlywait—Iwatched.Iwatchedhopefullyallthroughthewinter…OnthelastdayofApril,Iwentoutsidetofindthegardenfullofcolorfulflowers.Ourhardworkpaidoff.“Myboy,tomorrowmorning,”Momsaid,“wewillwalktheneighborhoodandleaveabasketofflowersoneachdoorstep.”“What?”Ialmostcried.“Arewesellingourflowers?”“Ofcoursenot,”shesaidexcitedly.“Infact,nobodywillevenknowthey’refromus.We’llleavethematourneighbors’asasurprise.Doesn’tthatsoundfun?”“Tome,itdoesn’tsoundfunatall”Irepliedunwillingly.“They’reourflowers.Weshouldkeepthemforourselves!”“Flowersarelikekindness,”Momsaid.“Theirbeautyismeanttobeshared.”Earlythenextmorning,Momwokemeup.Webroughtthebasketsandstoppednearthefirsthouse.Itookonebasket,setitbythedoorstepandrangthebell.Thenwequicklyranaway,duckedbehindthetreesandwaited.Finally,thedooropened.Amancameout,lookingsurprised.Hepickeduptheflowerbasketandthensmiled.Momhuggedme.Igotagoodfeelinginside.NowIknewwhatshemeantaboutbeautysharing.Icouldn’twaittogettothenexthouse.Bythetimewegothome,Iwasgrinning(咧著嘴笑)fromeartoear.Thegardenwasempty,butmyheartwasfull.24.Howdidthewriterfeelwhenhewatchedthegardenduringthewinter?A.Empty. B.Excited. C.Hopeful. D.Bored.25.Whathappenedtothebasketsofflowersintheend?A.Theyweresoldforpocketmoney. B.Theyweregiventotheneighbors.C.Theywerecollectedforrecycling. D.Theywereputuponaflowershow.26.Whatmadethewriter’sheartfull?A.Thejoyofspreadingkindness. B.Theexcitementofgrowingflowers.C.Thehonorofhelpingpeopleinneed. D.Thehappinessofgettingclosetonature.【答案】24.C25.B26.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者和媽媽在春天種花，冬天滿懷希望地等待，春天收獲了滿園的鮮花，媽媽提議將花分給鄰居，作者起初不愿意，但最終理解了分享之美的故事?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Iwatchedhopefullyallthroughthewinter...(整個冬天我都滿懷希望地看著……)”可知，作者在冬天看著花園時滿懷希望。故選C項。【25題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中““Infact,nobodywillevenknowthey’refromus.We’llleavethematourneighbors’asasurprise.Doesn’tthatsoundfun?”(“事實上，甚至沒有人會知道它們來自我們。我們會把它們留在鄰居家，給他們一個驚喜。聽起來不是很有趣嗎?”)”和倒數(shù)第三段“Earlythenextmorning,Momwokemeup.Webroughtthebasketsandstoppednearthefirsthouse.Itookonebasket,setitbythedoorstepandrangthebell.Thenwequicklyranaway,duckedbehindthetreesandwaited.(第二天一早，媽媽叫醒了我。我們拿著籃子，在第一棟房子附近停了下來。我拿了一個籃子，放在門口，按了門鈴。然后我們迅速跑開，躲到樹后等著)”可知，最后，這些花籃被送給了鄰居。故選B項?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Finally,thedooropened.Amancameout,lookingsurprised.Hepickeduptheflowerbasketandthensmiled.Momhuggedme.Igotagoodfeelinginside.NowIknewwhatshemeantaboutbeautysharing.Icouldn’twaittogettothenexthouse.(最后，門開了。一個男人走了出來，看起來很驚訝。他拿起花籃，然后笑了。媽媽擁抱了我。我內(nèi)心有一種很好的感覺?，F(xiàn)在我知道她所說的分享美麗是什么意思了。我迫不及待地想去下一家了)”和最后一段“Bythetimewegothome,Iwasgrinning(咧著嘴笑)fromeartoear.Thegardenwasempty,butmyheartwasfull.(我們到家的時候，我已經(jīng)笑得合不攏嘴了。花園里空蕩蕩的，但我的心里卻充滿了喜悅)”可知，作者看到鄰居收到花很開心，自己內(nèi)心也很滿足，由此可知，傳播善意的喜悅讓作者的心充滿了喜悅。故選A項。CImaginearobot.Whatcomestoyourmindfirst?Amachinestrongerthanthehumanbody?However,thissamequalityisnowcausingabigproblem—it’screatingtonsoflong-lastinge-wastethatcouldfloodourplanet.Whatif,instead,themachinesweuseweredesignedtobreakdownanddisappear—justaslivingthingsdo?ForastudypublishedinScienceAdvances,researchersmadearoboticarmandacontrollerusingmaterialsfromanimalsandplants.Thesematerialsarestrongenoughtoworkbutcaneasilybreakdowninanaturalenvironment.Aftertesting,bothpartsweregoneinsoilwithinweeks.Biodegradable(可生物降解的)roboticsoftenfallsundertheumbrellaofsoftrobotics,whichtakesideasfromnature.“Thisfieldstartedinmaterialsscienceandchemistryratherthantraditionalrobotsthatcomefrommechanical(機械的)engineering.”saysFlorianHartmann,amaterialsscientistfromGermany.However,manyearlysoftroboticsmodelsstillusedman-madematerialsthatcausepollution.Wei,ascientistwhostudiesnaturalmaterialsinHangzhou,workedtogetherwithhisfriendZhang,aroboticsengineerinShanghai,tobuildrobotsforthenewstudy.Theystartedwithcellulose(纖維素)takenfromcotton.Then,theyaddedglycerol(甘油)tomakeanewmaterialthatissoftandeasytochangeshapes.Afterthattheyallowedittodrysoitbecamestrong,“Celluloseischeapandeasytoworkwith,”saysWei.Theyfoundthatthecontrollerandtheroboticarmstooduptobothheavyuseandaweekofinactivity.Finally,theyburied(埋)thembothinahole.Withineightweeksthesetwopartswerealmostcompletelygone.WeiandZhangexpectthatrobotslikethesecanbeusedtodealwithdangerouswasteandthendisappearnaturally.Theyalsohopethatsuchrobotscanaiddoctorsinoperationsandthensafelybreakdowninsidethebody.However,it’simportanttonotethatthetechnologyisstillinveryearlystages.“Ifwetrulywanttohaveabiodegradablerobot,”Hartmannsays,“wealsoneedtomakesureitselectronicsandpowerpartsarebiodegradable.”27.WhatisspecialabouttheroboticarmandthecontrollerinParagraph2?A.Theyaregreen. B.Theyarehard. C.Theyareintelligent. D.Theyareaffordable.28.WhatismentionedinParagraph5aboutsoftrobots?A.Howtheywork. B.Wheretheycanbeused. C.Theirchallenges. D.Theirperformance.29.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Softrobotsarewidelyusedtocleanupe-waste.B.Softrobotshavetorestforaweekafterheavyuse.C.Thedesigningofsoftrobotsborrowsideasfromnature.D.Mechanicalengineeringoffersnewwaystorunsoftrobots.【答案】27.A28.B29.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科學家研發(fā)的一種新型可生物降解的機器人手臂和控制器，它們由動植物材料制成，能在自然環(huán)境中分解，旨在解決電子垃圾問題，并探討了其潛在應用和當前的技術挑戰(zhàn)。【27題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ForastudypublishedinScienceAdvances,researchersmadearoboticarmandacontrollerusingmaterialsfromanimalsandplants.Thesematerialsarestrongenoughtoworkbutcaneasilybreakdowninanaturalenvironment.Aftertesting,bothpartsweregoneinsoilwithinweeks.(在《科學進展》雜志上發(fā)表的一項研究中，研究人員使用動植物材料制作了一個機械臂和一個控制器。這些材料足夠堅固，可以工作，但在自然環(huán)境中很容易分解。經(jīng)過測試，這兩個部件在幾周內(nèi)就在土壤中消失了。)”可知，機械臂和控制器的特別之處在于它們是由動植物材料制成的，能在自然環(huán)境中分解，因此是環(huán)保的。故選A項。【28題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“WeiandZhangexpectthatrobotslikethesecanbeusedtodealwithdangerouswasteandthendisappearnaturally.Theyalsohopethatsuchrobotscanaiddoctorsinoperationsandthensafelybreakdowninsidethebody.(Wei和Zhang期望這樣的機器人能夠被用來處理危險廢物，然后自然消失。他們還希望這種機器人能夠幫助醫(yī)生進行手術，然后在體內(nèi)安全分解。)”可知，本段主要介紹了這種軟體機器人可能的應用領域。故選B項?！?9題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Biodegradable(可生物降解的)roboticsoftenfallsundertheumbrellaofsoftrobotics,whichtakesideasfromnature.(可生物降解的機器人通常屬于軟體機器人的范疇，軟體機器人從自然界中汲取靈感。)”可知，軟體機器人的設計借鑒了自然界的靈感。故選C項。DPeoplearetalkingalotaboutartificialintelligence(AI),viewingitasaforcethatcouldreshapehowsocietyworks.Butthereissomethingimportantmissingfromthisdiscussion.Itisn’tenoughtoaskhowitwillchangeus.WealsoneedtounderstandhowweshapeAIandwhatitcantellusaboutourselves.EveryAImodelwedevelopmirrorsourrulesandexpressesourbeliefs.Afewyearsago,whilelookingfornewworkers,afamouscompanygaveupanAI-poweredtoolafterfindingitunfavorabletowomen.TheAIwasnotdesignedtobehavethisway,instead,itwasinfluencedbythehistoricaldata(數(shù)據(jù))favoringmen.Similarly,arecentstudyfoundthatlendingalgorithms(算法)oftenofferlessfavorabletermstocoloredpeople,worseninglong-standingunfairnessinmoney-lendingbusiness.Inbothcases,AIisn’tcreatingnewbiases(偏見),itismirroringtheonesthatarealreadypresent.Thesereflections(反映)giveusanimportantchancetotakeacloselookatourselves.Bymakingtheseproblemsseenandmorepressing,AIchallengesustorecognizeandaddresswhatcausesalgorithmicbias.AsAIcontinuestodevelop,wemustaskourselveshowweasaveragepeoplewanttoshapeitsroleinsociety.WeshouldnotonlyimproveAImodels,butalsomakesurethatAIisdevelopedandusedresponsibly.Anumberofcompaniesarealreadytakingaction.Theyarejudgingthedata,rules,andbeliefsthatshapethebehaviorofAImodels.Still,wecannotexpectthecompaniestodoallthework.AslongasAIistrainedonhumandata,itwillreflecthumanbehavior.Thatmeanswehavetothinkcarefullyaboutthefootprintsofourselvesweleaveintheworld.Imayvalueprivacy,butifIgiveitupinaheartbeattovisitawebsite,thealgorithmsmaymakeaverydifferentjudgmentofwhatIreallywantandwhatisgoodforme.IfIwantmeaningfulhumanconnectionsyetspendmoretimeonsocialmediaandlesstimeinthephysicalcompanyofmyfriends,IamindirectlytrainingAImodelsaboutthetruenatureofhumanity.AsAIbecomesmorepowerful,weneedtotakeincreasingcaretoreadourprinciples(原則)intotherecordofouractionsratherthanallowingthetwotodiverge.Recognizingthisallowsustomakebetterdecisions,butonlywhenwearepreparedtolookcloselyandtakeresponsibilityforwhatwesee.30.WhydoesthewriterintroducethetwoexamplesinParagraph2?A.Tosuggestasolution. B.Tostressadifference.C.Tochallengeapractice. D.Tosupportaviewpoint.31.Whatdoestheword“diverge”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymean?A.Improve. B.Appear. C.Separate. D.Repeat.32.Accordingtothepassage,whatisagoodexampleofshapingAIresponsibility?A.Guardingone’sprivacyagainstAImodels.B.BeingmindfulofourfeedsintoAImodels.C.Trainingalgorithmstofavorthelatestdata.D.Designingalgorithmstodealwithunfairness.33.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.AIIsn’ttheProblem;WeAreB.AI:ATooltoReshapeOurSocietyC.MoreOpenalgorithmsforBetterAI?D.BuildingTrustinHuman-AIRelationships【答案】30.D31.C32.B33.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文，短文圍繞人工智能（AI）與人類的關系展開論述，指出AI并非獨立塑造社會的力量，而是人類規(guī)則、信念與行為的“鏡子”，強調(diào)人類需對AI的發(fā)展與應用負責，通過反思自身行為來引導AI良性發(fā)展?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“EveryAImodelwedevelopmirrorsourrulesandexpressesourbeliefs.(我們開發(fā)的每一個AI模型都反映了我們的規(guī)則，并體現(xiàn)了我們的信念。）”可知，該句是本段的核心觀點——AI是人類的“鏡子”。后文列舉“某公司AI招聘工具對女性不利”“貸款算法對有色人種不公平”兩個例子，均說明AI的偏見源于人類歷史數(shù)據(jù)中的固有偏見，是對首句觀點的具體佐證。因此，作者引入這兩個例子是為了支撐“AI反映人類規(guī)則與信念”的觀點。故選D項?！?1題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“AsAIbecomesmorepowerful,weneedtotakeincreasingcaretoreadourprinciplesintotherecordofouractionsratherthanallowingthetwotodiverge.(隨著AI變得越來越強大，我們需要更加注意將我們的原則融入到行動記錄中，而不是讓兩者______)”可知，“ratherthan（而不是）”表對比，前半句強調(diào)“讓原則與行動記錄一致”，后半句則應表示“避免兩者不一致”。由此可推斷“diverge”意為“分離、不一致”，與C選項“Separate（分離）”含義最接近。故選C項。【32題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“AslongasAIistrainedonhumandata,itwillreflecthumanbehavior.Thatmeanswehavetothinkcarefullyaboutthefootprintsofourselvesweleaveintheworld.(只要AI是用人類數(shù)據(jù)訓練的，它就會反映人類的行為。這意味著我們必須仔細思考我們在世界上留下的自身痕跡)”可知，人類向AI輸入的數(shù)據(jù)（即“我們的行為痕跡”）直接影響AI，因此“負責任地塑造AI”的核心是“關注我們輸入給AI的數(shù)據(jù)/行為”。故選B項?！?3題詳析】主旨大意題。短文圍繞人工智能（AI）與人類的關系展開論述，指出AI并非獨立塑造社會的力量，而是人類規(guī)則、信念與行為的“鏡子”，強調(diào)人類需對AI的發(fā)展與應用負責，通過反思自身行為來引導AI良性發(fā)展。A選項“AIIsn’ttheProblem;WeAre（AI不是問題所在，我們才是）”為最佳標題。故選A項。四、單句語法填空（本題共10小題，共20分）34.Sometimestheystrongly________(agree)witheachother,sotheyneedtocommunicatemoreoften.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】disagree【詳析】考查時態(tài)。句意：有時他們彼此意見相左，所以他們需要更頻繁地溝通。根據(jù)“sotheyneedtocommunicatemoreoften”可知，此空應是指“意見不合”。agree(同意)的反義詞是disagree，disagreewithsb.是固定短語，意為“與某人意見不合”。根據(jù)sometimes和need可知，此空應用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語they是復數(shù)，謂語動詞用原形。故填disagree。35.InZhuhaiPark,youcanenjoythenaturalbeauty,or________(simple)breathethefreshair.（所給詞的適當形式填空）【答案】simply【詳析】考查副詞。句意：在珠海公園，你可以享受自然美景，或者只是呼吸新鮮空氣。此處應用形容詞simple的副詞形式simply，意為“僅僅，只是”，作狀語，修飾動詞breathe。故填simply。36.Don’teattoomuchatatime,oryou’llfeel________(comfortable).（所給詞的適當形式填空）【答案】uncomfortable【詳析】考查形容詞。句意：一次不要吃太多，否則你會覺得不舒服。根據(jù)“Don’teattoomuchatatime”可知，如果一次吃太多會覺得不舒服，空處用形容詞uncomfortable“不舒服的”，作表語。故填uncomfortable。37.Readingaloudis________(help)tothestudentswhowanttoimprovetheirEnglish.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】helpful【詳析】考查形容詞和固定短語。句意：大聲朗讀對那些想要提高英語的學生來說很有幫助。Readingaloud是動名詞作主語，意為“大聲朗讀”。根據(jù)“is...to”可知，此空應是形容詞。所給詞help意為“幫助”，是動詞或名詞。其形容詞形式為helpful，意為“有幫助的”。behelpfulto是固定短語，意為“對……有幫助的”。故填helpful。38.Thefestivaliscelebratedtowelcomethe________(arrive)ofspring.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】arrival【詳析】考查名詞。句意：慶祝這個節(jié)日是為了迎接春天的到來。the+名詞+of表示“……的……”，所以空格處應填入名詞形式。arrive為動詞，意為“到，到達”，其名詞形式為arrival，意為“到來”，作賓語。故填arrival。39.Alltheseinterestingexperimentscan________(wide)ourknowledge.（所給詞的適當形式填空）【答案】widen【詳析】考查動詞。句意：所有這些有趣的實驗都可以拓寬我們的知識面。情態(tài)動詞can后跟動詞原形，故形容詞wide“寬的”要加后綴en變成動詞widen，意為“加寬，拓寬”。故填widen。40.Youmayaddvarietytothecomicstripstokeepthereaders________(interest).(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】interested【詳析】考查形容詞。句意：為了保持讀者的興趣，你可以給漫畫增加花樣。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和提示詞可知，此處應是形容詞作賓語補足語，說明“readers(讀者)”的感受。所給詞interest是動詞或名詞，意為“使感興趣/興趣”。其對應的形容詞形式interested意為“感興趣的”，用于修飾人。keepsb.interested表示“使某人保持感興趣的狀態(tài)”。故填interested。41.Sittinginfrontofthescreenfortoolongis________(healthy).It'sbadforyoureyes.（所給詞的適當形式填空）【答案】unhealthy【詳析】考查形容詞。句意：長時間坐在屏幕前不利于健康，這對你的眼睛不好?？仗幮栌眯稳菰~作表語，根據(jù)It'sbadforyoureyes可知，空處需用healthy的反義詞unhealthy，意為“不健康的”，此處表示長時間坐在屏幕前不利于健康。故填unhealthy。42.ThebesttimetovisitYangzhouisspring,andtherearemanytourist________(attract)here.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】attractions【詳析】考查名詞。句意：春天是游覽揚州的最佳時間，這里有許多旅游景點。attract是動詞“吸引，引起”。由前面的many可知，此空是表示許多旅游景點。應用attract的名詞形式attraction作主語，touristattraction意為“旅游景點，游覽勝地”，為可數(shù)名詞，應用復數(shù)形式。故填attractions。43.I’m________(true)sorrytotroubleyousomuch.（所給詞的適當形式填空）【答案】truly【詳析】考查副詞。句意：真的很抱歉這么麻煩你。修飾形容詞sorry，應用提示詞的副詞形式truly，表示“真正地”。故填truly。湖北省丹江口市部分學校2025-2026學年高一上學期開學考試英語試題一、單項填空（每題2分，共24分）從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1.Mysisterisgoodatsinging.________canevensingsomeFrenchsongs.A.I B.He C.You D.She【答案】D【詳析】考查人稱代詞。句意：我妹妹擅長唱歌。她甚至能唱一些法語歌。根據(jù)“Mysister”可知，主語為she。故選D項。2.TheseChineseastronautswillstayinthespacestation________sixmonths.A.at B.on C.to D.for【答案】D【詳析】考查介詞。句意：這些中國宇航員將在空間站停留六個月。分析句子可知，此處為“for+一段時間”表示“持續(xù)……時間”。故選D項。3.—Mom,________IgotothecinemawithmyclassmatesthisSundayafternoon?—Yes,ofcourseyoucan.A.can B.must C.need D.should【答案】A【詳析】考查情態(tài)動詞用法。句意：——媽媽，這個星期天下午我能和同學們?nèi)タ措娪皢?？——是的，你當然可以。，根?jù)答語“Yes,ofcourseyoucan.”（是的，你當然可以。）可知，問句是用“can”來提問，詢問是否被允許做某事，故選A項。4.TheNationalLibraryofChinais________publiclibraryinAsia.A.large B.larger C.largest D.thelargest【答案】D【詳析】考查形容詞最高級。句意：中國國家圖書館是亞洲最大的公共圖書館。根據(jù)句意可知，空處為形容詞最高級，表示中國國家圖書館是亞洲最大的公共圖書館。形容詞最高級前的冠詞為定冠詞。故選D項。5.—Steve,________didyoubegintolearnhowtoplaychess?—Abouttwoyearsago.A.what B.when C.why D.where【答案】B【詳析】考查特殊疑問詞。句意：——史蒂夫，你什么時候開始學習下國際象棋的？——大約兩年前。根據(jù)下文“Abouttwoyearsago.”可知，問的時間，疑問詞為when。故選B項。6.Janethasdonealotforus,________wewanttowriteherathank-youletter.A.or B.but C.so D.for【答案】C【詳析】考查連詞辨析。句意：珍妮特為我們做了很多，所以我們想給她寫一封感謝信。A.or或者；否則。B.but但是；C.so所以；D.for因為。根據(jù)句意可知，前后為因果關系。故選C項。7.Maryapicturewhenherdadgothomeyesterdayevening.A.draws B.wasdrawing C.isdrawing D.willdraw【答案】B【詳析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：當昨天晚上瑪麗的爸爸到家時，她正在畫畫。由語境可知，表示過去某一時間正在進行的動作，句子應用過去進行時。故選B項。8.Charlie________hisgrandparentseveryweekend.Helovesthemverymuch.A.visits B.wasvisiting C.willvisit D.hasvisited【答案】A【詳析】考查一般現(xiàn)在時。句意：查理每個周末都去看望他的祖父母。他非常愛他們。根據(jù)“everyweekend”可知，本句為一般現(xiàn)在時。主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故選A項。9.—Peter,didyouplaytabletenniswithyourfriendsafterschoolyesterday?—No,Ididn’t.We________vegetablesinourschoolgarden.A.water B.havewatered C.watered D.aregoingtowater【答案】C【詳析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：——彼得，昨天放學后你和朋友打乒乓球了嗎？——不，我沒有。我們給學校花園里的蔬菜澆水。根據(jù)問句中的“yesterday（昨天）”可知，答句描述的是過去發(fā)生的動作，所以謂語動詞要用一般過去式。故選C項。10.Manyinternationalstudentstovisitourschoolsincelastyear.A.arecoming B.havecome C.came D.willcome【答案】B【詳析】考查現(xiàn)在完成時。句意：自去年以來，許多國際學生來參觀了我們學校?！皊incelastyear”是現(xiàn)在完成時的典型標志詞。故選B項。11.Languagelearningapps________bymoreandmorepeoplethesedays.A.use B.used C.areused D.wereused【答案】C【詳析】考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：如今，越來越多的人使用語言學習應用程序。分析句子可知，“Languagelearningapps（語言學習應用程序）”和“use（使用）”之間是被動關系，所以要用被動語態(tài)。時間狀語“thesedays（如今，現(xiàn)在）”表明句子要用一般現(xiàn)在時。主語“Languagelearningapps”是復數(shù)，所以be動詞用“are”，“use”的過去分詞是“used”。故選C項。12.—Linda,doyouknowfortheschooltripthisterm?—Yes.WearegoingtotheCapitalMuseum.A.wherewearegoing B.wherewewent C.wherearewegoing D.wheredidwego【答案】A【詳析】考查賓語從句。句意：——琳達，你知道這學期學校旅行我們要去哪里嗎？——是的。我們要去首都博物館?！拔覀円ツ睦铩笔琴e語從句，從句要用陳述句語序，C、D選項是疑問句語序，可排除；再根據(jù)答語“WearegoingtotheCapitalMuseum.”可知，問的是這學期學校旅行要去哪里，是將來的動作，B選項“wherewewent”是一般過去時，不符合語境，A選項“wherewearegoing”是一般將來時，符合語境。故選A項。二、完形填空（每題2分，共16分）閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。TheNewYearpartywasusuallyheldatmyaunt’shouseandmyfavoritepartwastheapplecake.Attheageof11,whenIfirstfoundoutthatmygrandfather,whowasneverinthekitchen,wasthemasterbehindit,Iwasgreatly_____13_____.AndIthoughtthatthiswastheperfectchancetogettherecipe(制作方法),andthatIcouldactuallyhaveatimeto_____14_____withhim.Sincethen,Iwouldgotomyaunt’searlyonthemorningofNewYear’sDay,andwe’dmakethecaketogetherhappily.IwasamazedthatGrandpacouldpeelanappleinonerind.Andwe’dmixeverythingandputitintotheoven.Oncethecakewasdone,thehousewouldimmediatelysmelllikeapples.ButasIgotolder,sodidGrandpa.OneNewYear’sDay,asIwastakingouttheapplesfromtheshoppingbag_____15_____asusual,helookedatmeandsaid,“Sophia,whatareyoudoing?”Iwasshocked.Iknewthathewasbeginningtoforgetthings,butIdidn’tthinkhewouldforgetthis.Itwasour____16____.Itwasourtimeofbonding(聯(lián)絡感情).Myheartached.“We’remakingthe