高考英語閱讀理解高頻詞匯專項習(xí)題在高考英語的備考征程中，閱讀理解無疑占據(jù)著核心地位，而詞匯則是破解閱讀難關(guān)的基石。許多考生在面對篇幅較長、題材多樣的閱讀材料時，常常因關(guān)鍵詞匯的缺失或理解偏差而失分。本文旨在聚焦高考英語閱讀理解中的高頻詞匯，通過精心設(shè)計的專項習(xí)題，幫助考生實現(xiàn)精準突破，提升詞匯在具體語境中的運用能力與理解深度，從而在實戰(zhàn)中更加游刃有余。一、核心動詞與動態(tài)表達閱讀理解中，動詞往往是句子的靈魂，直接決定著句意的走向。以下高頻動詞及其多種釋義和搭配，是理解文章動態(tài)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵。高頻詞匯示例：*address(v.)探討，解決；向……講話；稱呼*assume(v.)假定，承擔(dān)；呈現(xiàn)*claim(v.)聲稱，斷言；索??；獲得*establish(v.)建立，創(chuàng)立；證實，確定*highlight(v.)強調(diào)，突出；使顯著*imply(v.)暗示，意味著*maintain(v.)維持，保持；主張，堅持*obtain(v.)獲得，得到*persist(v.)堅持，持續(xù)*pose(v.)造成（問題等）；提出（觀點等）；擺姿勢*promote(v.)促進，推動；提升；宣傳*pursue(v.)追求，致力于；追趕*reveal(v.)揭示，透露；顯示*sustain(v.)維持，支撐；遭受*yield(v.)產(chǎn)生（結(jié)果等）；屈服；讓出專項練習(xí)一：詞義匹配與語境運用*ColumnA*ColumnB*1.addressA.tosuggestorindicateindirectly*2.assumeB.tokeepsomethinginexistenceatthesamelevel*3.implyC.tostateorassertthatsomethingistrue*4.maintainD.todealwithordiscussaproblemorsubject*5.claimE.totakeorbegintohavepowerorresponsibility2.Directions:Choosethemostappropriateverbfromthelistabovetofillintheblanksinthefollowingsentences.Changetheformifnecessary.a)Theresearchfindings__________astronglinkbetweenregularexerciseandmentalwell-being.c)Theprofessorbeganto__________theissueofclimatechangeinherlecture,drawingonthelatestscientificdata.d)Itisunwiseto__________thatallstudentslearninthesameway;individualdifferencesmustbeconsidered.e)Thenewpolicyisexpectedto__________economicgrowthbyencouraginginvestmentinkeysectors.二、高頻名詞與概念理解名詞是承載信息、構(gòu)建文章主題與細節(jié)的主體。準確把握核心名詞及其衍生詞匯，是理解文章主旨和具體信息的前提。高頻詞匯示例：*approach(n.)方法，途徑；靠近*aspect(n.)方面，層面*challenge(n.)挑戰(zhàn)；質(zhì)疑*consequence(n.)結(jié)果，后果*contribution(n.)貢獻；捐款*emphasis(n.)強調(diào)，重點*evidence(n.)證據(jù)，證明*factor(n.)因素，要素*impact(n.)影響，沖擊*innovation(n.)創(chuàng)新，革新*perspective(n.)觀點，視角；遠景*phenomenon(n.)現(xiàn)象*priority(n.)優(yōu)先事項，重點*resource(n.)資源；辦法*strategy(n.)策略，戰(zhàn)略專項練習(xí)二：名詞辨析與篇章理解1.Directions:Readthefollowingsentencesandselecttheoptionthatbestexplainsthemeaningoftheunderlinednouninthecontext.a)Thegovernment'snewapproachtoenvironmentalprotectionhasreceivedwidespreadsupport.A.awayofdealingwithsomethingC.arequestforhelpb)Oneimportantaspectoflearningalanguageispracticingspeakingitdaily.A.aparticularpartorfeatureofsomethingB.afeelingoremotionC.adifficultproblemc)Theinventionoftheinternethashadaprofoundimpactonalmosteveryaspectofmodernlife.A.asuddenforcefulhitB.astrongeffectorinfluenceC.afinancialloss2.Directions:Readthefollowingshortparagraphandanswerthequestionsbyidentifyingthekeynouns.*Questions:ii)Whatareeducatorsexploringtoleveragedigitalresources?iii)Nameonechallengementionedinthetransition.三、重要形容詞與副詞（含情感態(tài)度詞）形容詞和副詞用以描繪特征、程度、狀態(tài)及情感態(tài)度，對于理解作者意圖、人物情感和事件氛圍至關(guān)重要。高頻詞匯示例（形容詞）：*adequate(adj.)足夠的，適當?shù)?ambiguous(adj.)模糊不清的，有歧義的*beneficial(adj.)有益的，有利的*controversial(adj.)有爭議的，引起爭論的*crucial(adj.)至關(guān)重要的，決定性的*distinct(adj.)明顯的，獨特的*effective(adj.)有效的，起作用的*essential(adj.)基本的，必要的*influential(adj.)有影響的，有勢力的*persistent(adj.)堅持不懈的；持續(xù)的*potential(adj.)潛在的，可能的(n.)潛力*profound(adj.)深遠的，深刻的*significant(adj.)重大的，有意義的*sustainable(adj.)可持續(xù)的，能維持的高頻詞匯示例（副詞/情感態(tài)度詞）：*approximately(adv.)大約，近似地*considerably(adv.)相當大地，非常地*eventually(adv.)最后，終于*initially(adv.)最初，首先*increasingly(adv.)越來越多地，漸增地*nevertheless(adv.)然而，不過*partially(adv.)部分地，不完全地*particularly(adv.)特別地，尤其*similarly(adv.)同樣地，類似于*substantially(adv.)大量地，實質(zhì)上*skeptical(adj.)懷疑的*optimistic(adj.)樂觀的*critical(adj.)批評的；關(guān)鍵的*supportive(adj.)支持的，支援的*neutral(adj.)中立的，中性的專項練習(xí)三：語境中的形容詞副詞運用與態(tài)度判斷a)Regularexerciseis__________tomaintaininggoodhealthandreducingtheriskofchronicdiseases.b)Theresultsoftheexperimentwere__________differentfromwhattheresearchershadhypothesized.c)__________,manypeopleopposedthenewlaw,butovertime,itsbenefitsbecamemoreapparent.d)Thescientist's__________findingsrevolutionizedthefieldofmolecularbiology.e)Theauthorremains__________abouttheprospectsofthenewtechnology,citingseveralunresolvedissues.2.Directions:Readthefollowingstatementandidentifytheauthor'sattitudetowardsthesubject(e.g.,skeptical,optimistic,critical,supportive,neutral).*Author'sattitude:__________四、常見介詞與固定搭配介詞雖小，但其構(gòu)成的固定搭配是理解句意和篇章邏輯的重要線索，也是高考考查的重點之一。高頻介詞/固定搭配示例：*accountfor(解釋；占……比例)*adaptto(適應(yīng))*benefitfrom(從……中受益)*contributeto(促成，導(dǎo)致；為……做貢獻)*dependon/relyon(依靠，依賴)*differfrom(與……不同)*focuson/concentrateon(專注于)*inadditionto(除……之外)*intermsof(就……而言，在……方面)*insteadof(代替，而不是)*leadto/resultin(導(dǎo)致)*objectto(反對)*regardlessof(不管，不顧)*respondto(對……作出反應(yīng)/回應(yīng))*subscribeto(同意，訂閱)*thanksto(由于，多虧)專項練習(xí)四：介詞與固定搭配填空b)Ittookhersometimetoadapt__________thenewworkingenvironmentaftermovingtotheforeigncountry.c)Regularfeedbackfromcustomerscontributessignificantly__________theimprovementofourservices.d)__________termsofacademicperformance,thestudenthasshownremarkableprogressthissemester.e)Theteamleaderurgedeveryonetofocus__________findingasolutionratherthandwellingontheproblem.f)Manypeopleobject__________theconstructionofanewairportneartheirresidentialareaduetonoisepollutionconcerns.答案與解析（部分示例，完整練習(xí)需詳盡解答）專項練習(xí)一：1.1-D,2-E,3-A,4-B,5-C2.a)reveal(揭示了……之間的聯(lián)系)b)persisted(persistin堅持做某事)c)address(探討氣候變化問題)d)assume(假定，設(shè)想)e)promote(促進經(jīng)濟增長)專項練習(xí)二：1.a)A,b)A,c)B2.i)Integratingtechnology.ii)Variousstrategies.iii)Ensuringequitableaccesstotechnology/trainingteac