高一物理期末考試及答案一、選擇題（每題3分，共30分）1.一個物體做勻加速直線運動，初速度為\(v_0\)，加速度為\(a\)，經(jīng)過時間\(t\)后的速度為\(v\)，則下列說法正確的是（）A.\(v=v_0+at\)B.\(v=v_0-at\)C.\(v=v_0+\frac{1}{2}at\)D.\(v=v_0-\frac{1}{2}at\)答案：A2.兩個物體從同一地點同時出發(fā)，一個做勻速直線運動，速度為\(v_1\)，另一個做勻加速直線運動，初速度為\(v_0\)，加速度為\(a\)，經(jīng)過時間\(t\)后，兩個物體的位移關(guān)系是（）A.\(s_1=s_2\)B.\(s_1>s_2\)C.\(s_1<s_2\)D.無法確定答案：D3.一個物體從靜止開始做勻加速直線運動，第1秒內(nèi)、第2秒內(nèi)、第3秒內(nèi)的位移之比為（）A.1:3:5B.1:2:3C.1:3:6D.1:4:9答案：B4.一個物體做勻減速直線運動，初速度為\(v_0\)，加速度為\(-a\)，經(jīng)過時間\(t\)后速度變?yōu)?，則該物體的位移為（）A.\(s=\frac{v_0}{2}t\)B.\(s=v_0t\)C.\(s=\frac{v_0^2}{2a}\)D.\(s=\frac{v_0^2}{-2a}\)答案：D5.一個物體做勻速圓周運動，其向心加速度的大小為\(a\)，線速度的大小為\(v\)，則該物體的半徑為（）A.\(r=\frac{v^2}{a}\)B.\(r=\frac{a}{v^2}\)C.\(r=\frac{v}{a}\)D.\(r=\frac{a}{v}\)答案：D6.一個物體在水平面上做勻減速直線運動，初速度為\(v_0\)，加速度為\(-a\)，經(jīng)過時間\(t\)后速度變?yōu)?，則該物體的位移為（）A.\(s=\frac{v_0}{2}t\)B.\(s=v_0t\)C.\(s=\frac{v_0^2}{2a}\)D.\(s=\frac{v_0^2}{-2a}\)答案：A7.一個物體做平拋運動，初速度為\(v_0\)，重力加速度為\(g\)，經(jīng)過時間\(t\)后的水平位移為\(x\)，豎直位移為\(y\)，則下列說法正確的是（）A.\(x=v_0t\)B.\(y=\frac{1}{2}gt^2\)C.\(x=\frac{y}{g}\timesv_0\)D.\(y=\frac{x}{v_0}\timesg\)答案：A,B8.一個物體做豎直上拋運動，初速度為\(v_0\)，重力加速度為\(g\)，經(jīng)過時間\(t\)后的速度為\(v\)，則下列說法正確的是（）A.\(v=v_0-gt\)B.\(v=v_0+gt\)C.\(v=-v_0+gt\)D.\(v=-v_0-gt\)答案：A9.一個物體做自由落體運動，重力加速度為\(g\)，經(jīng)過時間\(t\)后的位移為\(s\)，則下列說法正確的是（）A.\(s=\frac{1}{2}gt^2\)B.\(s=gt^2\)C.\(s=\frac{1}{2}gt\)D.\(s=g^2t\)答案：A10.一個物體做斜拋運動，初速度為\(v_0\)，與水平方向的夾角為\(\theta\)，重力加速度為\(g\)，經(jīng)過時間\(t\)后的水平位移為\(x\)，豎直位移為\(y\)，則下列說法正確的是（）A.\(x=v_0\cos(\theta)\timest\)B.\(y=v_0\sin(\theta)\timest-\frac{1}{2}gt^2\)C.\(x=v_0\sin(\theta)\timest\)D.\(y=v_0\cos(\theta)\timest+\frac{1}{2}gt^2\)答案：A,B二、填空題（每題2分，共20分）1.一個物體做勻加速直線運動，初速度為\(v_0\)，加速度為\(a\)，經(jīng)過時間\(t\)后的速度為\(v\)，則該物體的位移\(s\)為\(s=\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\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