/

第13講

特殊句式

/高考鏈接考點解讀實戰(zhàn)演練答案速查【聽】單句填空1.[2020·天津卷改編]

Once

having

met

and

liked

them,

we

think

_____

terrible

it

would

have

been,

had

we

missed

the

chance.how[解析]

考查感嘆句。think后面的賓語從句是“how+形容詞+主語+謂語”構(gòu)成的感嘆句。此處指如果“我們”錯過了這個機會,會有多么糟糕。故填how。2.[2018·天津卷改編]

It

was

only

when

the

car

pulled

up

in

front

of

our

house

_____

we

saw

Lily

in

the

passenger

seat.that[解析]

考查強調(diào)句式。本句強調(diào)的是only

when引導的時間狀語從句。強調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)是“It

is/was+被強調(diào)的部分+that+其他部分.”。故填that。3.［2018·全國卷Ⅱ］China's

approach

to

protecting

its

environment

while

________(feed)

its

citizens

offers

useful

lessons

for

agriculture

and

food

policymakers

worldwide.feeding[解析]

考查省略句。此處是while引導的省略句,feed的主語是前面的China,屬于邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填feeding。4.[2016·江蘇卷改編]

Not

until

recently

____they

encourage

the

development

of

tourist-related

activities

in

the

rural

areas.did[解析]

考查倒裝句。根據(jù)句首的not

until

recently可知,本句要用部分倒裝,

根據(jù)句意可知,此處用一般過去時。故填did。考點一

強調(diào)規(guī)則1

強調(diào)句的基本句型是“It

is/was+被強調(diào)的部分+that/who+其他部分.”。被強調(diào)的部分可以是主語、賓語或狀語等。It

is

not

how

much

we

do

but

how

much

love

we

put

into

what

we

do

that

benefits

our

work

most.給我們工作帶來最大益處的不是我們做了多少,而是我們對于自己所做的事情投入了多少愛。規(guī)則2

強調(diào)句的幾種句式強調(diào)句的特殊句式構(gòu)成例句一般疑問句Is/Was

it+被強調(diào)部分+that/who+句子其他部分?Was

it

Tom

whowas

to

blame?就是湯姆應負責任嗎?強調(diào)句的特殊句式構(gòu)成例句特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+is/was

it+that+句子其他部分?The

patient

looks

much

better.What

is

it

that

has

made

him

what

he

is

today?那個病人看上去好多了。是什么讓他變成今天這樣的呢?續(xù)表強調(diào)句的特殊句式構(gòu)成例句not

until句式It

is/was

not

until…+that+句子其他部分.It

was

not

until

midnight

thatwe

got

home

because

of

traffic

jams.因為交通阻塞,直到半夜我們才到家。not…but…句式It

is

not…but…that…It

isnot

quantity

but

quality

thatcounts.重要的不是數(shù)量而是質(zhì)量。［溫馨提示］

強調(diào)句型用于強調(diào)主語時,要注意謂語動詞(原句)與該主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。續(xù)表規(guī)則3

用助動詞強調(diào)謂語如果要強調(diào)時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時的肯定句中的謂語動詞,我們在該動詞前加助動詞do,

does或did。Many

of

the

films

are

from

the

USA,

but

we

do

give

awards

to

films

from

other

countries.許多電影來自美國,但我們的確也給其他國家的影片頒獎?！炯挤ㄓ柧氁弧?.It

is

because

I

know

you

like

the

culture

of

China

_____

I

would

like

to

invite

you

to

admire

it.that[解析]

考查強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處為強調(diào)句“It

is/was+被強調(diào)部分+that+其他部分.”,被強調(diào)部分為“because

I

know

you

like

the

culture

of

China”。故填that。2.It's

not

what

happens

to

us

that

___________(determine)

our

lives—it's

what

we

make

of

what

happens.determines[解析]

考查強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中的時態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子可知,本句是一個強調(diào)句型,空格處是句子的謂語,時態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時,且用單數(shù)形式。故填determines。3.“Come

and

take

a

bite,”

said

Jerry.

“It

______(do)

taste

good.”does[解析]

考查強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。句子主語是it，用does強調(diào)謂語動詞taste，表示“確實，的確”。故填does?？键c二

倒裝規(guī)則1

全部倒裝全部倒裝句子結(jié)構(gòu):謂語+主語(1)表示方位或時間的副詞或介詞短語,如here,

there,

then,

up,

down,

in,

away,

off,

out,

in

the

room,

on

the

wall等置于句首,且主語是名詞時。She

opened

the

box

and

took

a

deep

breath.

Inside

it

wasa

nice

dress

she

always

was

eager

for.她打開那個盒子,深深地吸了一口氣。里面有一件她一直渴望的漂亮連衣裙。(2)there

be句型中be動詞有時可用exist,live,stand,lie,seem,appear,remain,happen等詞代替,謂語動詞的單復數(shù)用就近原則。There

comesa

time

when

children

need

to

know

more

than

the

basic

facts

of

life.總有一天,孩子們需要了解的不僅僅是生活的基本事實。(3)有時為平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)或突出、強調(diào),將作表語的介詞短語、形容詞、副詞或分詞提到句首,構(gòu)成“表語+系動詞+主語”的完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。Seated

in

the

first

row

aresome

advanced

workers.坐在第一排的是一些先進工作者。規(guī)則2

部分倒裝部分倒裝的句子結(jié)構(gòu):助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/be+主語(+主要動詞)(1)“only+狀語”置于句首時,主句要用部分倒裝。Only

whenthey

got

to

a

safe

place,

could

we

regardourselves

as

having

done

our

duty.只有當他們到達安全地方的時候,我們才能認為自己盡到了責任。(2)否定副詞never,

nor,

not,

hardly,

little,

seldom,

scarcely,

rarely及表否定意義的介詞短語at

no

time,

under/in

no

circumstances,

in

no

case,

by

no

means,

on

no

condition等置于句首時,句子使用部分倒裝。Chinese

students

usually

learn

English

in

the

classroom

and

seldom

do

they

havethe

chance

to

practise

in

their

daily

life.中國學生通常都只是在課堂中學英語,很少有機會在日常生活中練習。(3)表示前面所說的情況也適合后者時,用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu):“so/neither/nor+助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語”(so表示肯定意義,neither/nor表示否定意義)。I

saw

the

film

Harry

Potter

last

week;

so

did

she.上周我看了電影《哈利·波特》。她也是。(4)在so…that…和such…that…句式中,如果so或such引導的部分位于句首時,主句中需要使用部分倒裝。So

fast

does

light

travel

that

we

can

hardly

imagine

its

speed.光速如此之快,以至于我們幾乎沒法想象它的速度。(5)not

only…but

also…連接兩個并列分句,not

only置于句首時,它所在的分句使用部分倒裝。Not

only

did

Robert

have

a

powerful

frame,

but

he

also

had

a

warm

heart.羅伯特不僅身材魁梧,他也很熱心。(6)hardly…when…;no

sooner…than…;scarcely…when…“剛……就……”,hardly/no

sooner/scarcely位于句首時,主句用部分倒裝,從句不倒裝,且主句用過去完成時,從句用一般過去時。Hardly

had

I

solved

the

problem

when

a

new

one

arose.我剛解決了這個問題,新問題又出現(xiàn)了。(7)在as引導的讓步狀語從句中,從句的表語/狀語/動詞原形要位于句首,構(gòu)成倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如果位于句首的是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,其前不加冠詞。Fast

as

you

read(=Although

you

read

fast),

you

can't

finish

the

book

in

two

days.盡管你讀得很快,但你不可能在兩天之內(nèi)就讀完這本書。(8)在非真實條件句中,條件句中的if省略時,助動詞had,

were,

should要提到主語前面。Had

you

come

with

us

(=If

you

had

come

with

us),

I

think

you

would

have

enjoyed

Europe

too.如果你和我們一起來了,我想你也會喜歡歐洲的。【技法訓練二】1.Between

rows

of

trees

_______(stand)

a

new

building,

which

is

supposed

to

be

our

new

library.stands[解析]

考查倒裝句、時態(tài)和主謂一致。表示地點的介詞短語位于句首,且句子主語為名詞時,句子用完全倒裝語序,根據(jù)后面的is可知用一般現(xiàn)在時,主語a

new

building為單數(shù),謂語動詞應用第三人稱單數(shù)。故填stands。2.Hardly

_____(have)she

begun

to

speak

when

there

was

a

shout

from

the

hall.had[解析]

考查固定句型、時態(tài)和部分倒裝。hardly…when…是固定句型,意為“剛……就……”,主句用過去完成時,即had

done,when引導的時間狀語從句用一般過去時,hardly是否定副詞,位于句首,引起句子部分倒裝,即把助動詞had提到主語前面。故填had。3.Not

until

I

met

with

frustration

in

the

exam

____(do)

I

realize

that

sometimes

we

had

no

choice

but

to

pay

even

more

effort(s).did[解析]

考查倒裝和時態(tài)。not

until位于句首時,句子需部分倒裝,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設空處為倒裝所用的助動詞,由met和had可知,時態(tài)為一般過去時。故填did。4.Diets

have

changed

in

China—and

so

too

_____(have)

its

top

crop.has[解析]

考查倒裝和主謂一致。分析句子可知,此處為“so+助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/系動詞+主語”結(jié)構(gòu),表示“……也……”,為倒裝用法。其主語為單數(shù),且前一句的助動詞為have。故填has?？键c三

感嘆句規(guī)則1what引導的感嘆句What+a/an+adj.+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語!What+adj.+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語!What

a

strange

plant!

I've

never

seen

it

before.這種植物真奇怪!我以前從未見過。What

lovely

weather

we

have

been

having

these

days!這幾天的天氣多好啊!規(guī)則2

how引導的感嘆句How+adj.+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語!How+adj./adv.+主語+謂語!How+主語+謂語!How

interesting

a

story

it

is!

It

is

worth

reading

a

second

time.這是多么有趣的一個故事啊!它值得再讀一遍。【技法訓練三】1.______

attractive

and

inviting

Hangzhou

is!How[解析]

考查感嘆句。根據(jù)該句中的attractive

and

inviting可知,此處應用how來引導該感嘆句。故填How。2.They

are

always

there

to

accompany

you,

making

every

moment

spent

together

filled

with

laughter

and

joy.

______

wonderful

friends

you

have!What[解析]

考查感嘆句。此句是“What+(adj.+)可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)+主語+謂語!”結(jié)構(gòu)。故填What?？键c四

祈使句和省略句規(guī)則1

祈使句祈使句的結(jié)構(gòu)為:Do

sth/Don't

do

sth,

有時后面會跟“and/or+句子”。Wait

for

a

moment

and

you'll

find

something

interesting.等一下,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)有趣之處。規(guī)則2

省略句當when,

while,

unless,

as

if等引導狀語從句,若從句主語與主句主語一致或從句主語是it,且從句謂語中含有be動詞時,可以省略從句中的主語和be動詞,構(gòu)成“連詞+v.-ing/v.-ed/adj./n.…”式的省略結(jié)構(gòu)。In

recent

years,

the

China

National

Traditional

Orchestra

has

continuously

explored

new

changes

while

(it

is)

further

developing

Chinese

national

music.近年來,中華民族樂團在進一步發(fā)展中國民族音樂的同時,不斷探索新的變化。He

is

a

man

of

few

words.

He

never

speaks

unless

(he

is)

spoken

to.他是一個沉默寡言的人,除非別人同他說話,否則他從不說話。Ⅰ

單句填空1.Feeling

upset

again?

Turn

to

a

page

in

your

journal

to

your

list

of

strengths

and

achievements.

See

_____

awesome

you

are!how[解析]

考查感嘆句。see后面的賓語從句是一個感嘆句,形容詞awesome應該用how修飾。故填how。2.In

any

unsafe

situation,

simply

press

the

button

_____

a

highly-trained

agent

will

get

you

the

help

you

need.and[解析]

考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。此句為“祈使句+and+陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu),故填and。3.It

was

when

I

got

back

to

my

apartment

_____I

first

came

across

my

new

neighbours.that[解析]

考查強調(diào)句式。此處為強調(diào)句型,被強調(diào)的是句中的時間狀語從句。故填that。4.Not

until

my

father

came

back

____(do)I

go

to

bed

last

night.did[解析]

考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。此處not

until位于句首,主句用部分倒裝。結(jié)合時間狀語last

night可知,此處應用一般過去時。故填did。5.Only

after

they

had

discussed

the

matter

for

a

few

hours

____(do)they

reach

a

decision.did[解析]

考查倒裝句。only修飾after引導的時間狀語從句,且位于句首,主句需用部分倒裝,根據(jù)整句時態(tài)可知，此處表示過去發(fā)生的事，故填did。6.Following

the

reindeer

______(be)

the

Sami

people,

who

made

this

territory

their

home.were[解析]

考查倒裝、時態(tài)和主謂一致。此處為表語提前引起的全部倒裝,根據(jù)后文可知，時態(tài)為一般過去時,且主語為復數(shù),故填were。7.An

awful

accident

____(do)

occur

the

other

day.did[解析]

考查助動詞表強調(diào)和時態(tài)。在肯定句中do可以強調(diào)謂語動詞。the

other

day提示此處應該用一般過去時,故填did。8.______(be)

there

no

modern

telecommunications,

we

would

have

to

wait

for

weeks

to

get

news

from

around

the

world.Were[解析]

考查省略句。本句是一個if虛擬條件句,表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設,if從句中使用“動詞過去式/were”,主句使用“情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形”;此處if被省略,要使用部分倒裝。故填Were。9.Children,

when

_____________(accompany)

by

their

parents,

are

allowed

to

enter

the

stadium.accompanied[解析]

考查狀語從句的省略。當狀語從句的主語和主句主語一致且從句謂語中含有be動詞的時候,可以把狀語從句的主語和be動詞一起省略。本句在when的后面省略了they

are。故填accompanied。10.It's

not

doing

the

things

we

like,

but

liking

the

things

we

have

to

do

_____

makes

life

happy.that[解析]

考查強調(diào)句。本句強調(diào)的是主語，且是由not…but…組成的一個特殊結(jié)構(gòu),故填that。Ⅱ

語法填空

[2024·湖北鄂東南省級示范聯(lián)盟學校高三一模]

Shenzhen

University

offered

pillows

as

a

graduation

gift

to

graduates

on

Sunday

1.________

the

hope

of

reminding

them

of

the

importance

of

sleep

and

pursuing

their

dreams.

At

the

graduation

ceremony,

president

of

the

university

Mao

Junfa

encouraged

the

young

graduates

2.__________(attach)

importance

to

their

health

and

avoid

staying

up

late.

He

warned

them

not

to

wait

until

sleep

becomes

3.___

luxury.

in/withto

attacha12345678910The

front

of

the

pillow

features

four

different

designs

that

contain

iconic

buildings

representing

Shenzhen

and

the

university.

On

the

back,

a

message

from

the

university

4.______(read),

“Look

up

at

the

starry

sky

at

night

to

dream,

5._____

step

solidly

on

the

ground

during

the

day

to

chase

dreams.”

Mao

said

that

instead

of

6._____________(wake)

up

by

an

alarm

clock

in

the

morning,

it

is

the

problems

they

need

to

solve

and

the

dreams

they

desire

to

achieve

7._____

get

them

out

of

bed.readsandbeing

wokenthat12345678910

In

previous

years,

the

university

gifted

graduates

items

such

as

umbrellas

with

the

meaning

of

breaking

a

path

through

troubles

and

backpacks

symbolizing

8.____________(adventure)

spirit.

In

addition

to

the

customized

pillows,

the

university

also

prepared

commemorative

test

tubes

of

soil

and

9._________(branch)

from

the

university's

lychee

garden.

The

materials

were

10._________(careful)

selected,

collected

and

sterilized

for

graduates

to

take

away

as

part

of

their

memories

of

the

school.adventurousbranchescarefully12345678910【文章大意】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了深圳大學向畢業(yè)生們贈送了枕頭作為畢業(yè)禮物，希望以此提醒他們睡眠和追求夢想的重要性。123456789101.________in/with[解析]

考查介詞。此處為固定短語in/with

the

hope

of“抱著……希望”。故填in/with。2.__________to

attach[解析]

考查動詞不定式。句子中使用了固定短語encourage

sb

to

do

sth，表示“鼓勵某人做某事”。故填to

attach。123456789103.___a[解析]

考查冠詞。根據(jù)句意以及空后luxury為單數(shù)名詞可知，此處表示“一種奢侈的享受”，為泛指概念，luxury發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，應用不定冠詞a。故填a。4.______reads[解析]

考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。此處為謂語動詞，句子描述的是一個客觀事實，即枕頭背面有一條來自大學的留言，因此使用一般現(xiàn)在時。又因為句子主語為第三人稱單數(shù)形式，所以動詞read應該用其第三人稱單數(shù)形式reads。故填reads。123456789105._____and[解析]

考查連詞。根據(jù)句意可知，此處用連詞and連接前后兩個句子，保持并列關(guān)系。故填and。6._____________being

woken[解析]

考查非謂語動詞。由空前介詞of可知，此處為動名詞形式，wake

up和邏輯主語they為被動關(guān)系，應用動名詞的被動語態(tài)。故填being

woken。123456789107._____that[解析]

考查強調(diào)句型。分析句子可知，此處為強調(diào)句型，被強調(diào)部分為the

problems

they

need

to

solve

and

the

dreams

they

desire

to

achieve，為強調(diào)句子的主語成分。故填that。8.____________adventurous[解析]

考查形容詞。由空后的名詞spirit可知，此處修飾名詞spirit，應用形容詞adventurous作定語，表示“冒險精神”。故填adventurous。123456789109._________branches[解析]

考查名詞復數(shù)。根據(jù)句意以及and連接的tubes可知，此處應用名詞復數(shù)形式。故填branches。10._________carefully[解析]

考查副詞。此處應用副詞修飾動詞selected，collected和sterilized，作狀語。故填carefully。12345678910Ⅲ

語法與寫作—特殊句式在寫作中的運用1.[2024·全國甲卷書面表達]

Additionally,

the

new

energy

vehicle

is

also

important

in

our

daily

life._________________