/第12講名詞性從句/●單句填空1.[2024·全國甲卷]Onacool,starrynightinmid-September1870,fourmenrelaxedbeforeacampfirealongtheFireholeRiverinisnownorthwesternWyoming.

2.[2024·浙江1月考]Ifmostoftheircustomersarehappytobuylargerquantities,that’sthey’llpromote.Butthatleavesthesolo(單獨)customersoutofpocketanddisappointed.

3.[2023·新高考全國Ⅱ卷]TheyalsoneedtobereadytogiveinterviewsinEnglishwithinternationaljournalists.ThisistheyneedanEnglishtrainer.

4.[2021·北京卷]Thepoorwomanwasn’tabletogivehimanyinformationaboutshelived.

5.[2021·新高考全國Ⅰ卷]GoingtoMountHuangshanremindsmeofthepopularBeatles’songTheLongandWindingRoad.issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.

在復(fù)合句中相當(dāng)于名詞的從句,稱為名詞性從句,主要分為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句四類。名詞性從句的連接詞及其用法如下表:類別連接詞意義功能從屬連詞that無意義不充當(dāng)成分whether/if是否不充當(dāng)成分連接代詞what(ever)(無論)什么主語、賓語、表語、定語which(ever)(無論)哪一個主語、賓語、定語who(ever)(無論)誰主語、賓語、表語whom誰賓語whose誰的定語連接副詞when何時時間狀語where哪里地點狀語why為何原因狀語how如何方式狀語考點一主語從句規(guī)則1引導(dǎo)詞主語從句的常見引導(dǎo)詞有:(1)從屬連詞:that,whether,if;(2)連接代詞:what,which,who,whose,whom,whatever,whichever,whoever;(3)連接副詞:how,when,where,why,however,whenever,wherever。規(guī)則2it作形式主語在通常情況下,that引導(dǎo)主語從句時,常用it作形式主語,而將that從句置于句尾。用it作形式主語通常有以下四種句型:(1)It+be+形容詞+從句:Itisnecessarythat…有必要……Itisimportantthat…重要的是……Itisobviousthat…很明顯……(2)It+be+過去分詞+從句:Itisbelievedthat…人們相信……Itisknowntoallthat…眾所周知……Ithasbeendecidedthat…已決定……(3)It+be+名詞(短語)+從句:Itiscommonknowledgethat………是常識。Itisasurprisethat…令人驚奇的是……Itisafactthat…事實是……(4)It+不及物動詞(短語)+從句:Itappearsthat…似乎……Ithappensthat…碰巧……Itoccurstosbthat…某人突然想起……Itdoesn’tmatterwhether………是否……沒有關(guān)系?！炯挤ㄓ?xùn)練一】1.upsetmemostwasthatIwasstuckintheelevatorandmycellphonewasdead.

2.Itisheoftenbreakstheschoolrulesmakeshisclassteacherunsatisfiedwithhim.

考點二賓語從句規(guī)則1引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連接詞主要有:(1)從屬連詞:that,whether,if;(2)連接代詞:what,who,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever等;(3)連接副詞:when,where,why,how等。規(guī)則2賓語從句的語序在賓語從句中要用陳述句語序。Heaskedmewhenwecouldsetoutthenextday.他問我我們第二天什么時候可以出發(fā)。規(guī)則3賓語從句的時態(tài)(1)當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時時,其賓語從句的時態(tài)可以是任何適當(dāng)?shù)臅r態(tài)。Shesays(that)sheworksfromMondaytoFriday.她說她周一至周五上班。(從句是一般現(xiàn)在時)shesays(that)shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk.她說她要在他桌子上留個便條。(從句是一般將來時)Shesays(that)shehasneverbeentoMountEmei.她說她從來沒有去過峨眉山。(從句是現(xiàn)在完成時)(2)當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時時,其賓語從句的時態(tài)一般要用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^去時態(tài)。Hesaidtherewerenoclassesyesterdayafternoon.他說昨天下午沒有課。(從句是一般過去時)[溫馨提示]引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連詞that一般可以省略,但是在及物動詞之后跟有兩個或兩個以上的賓語從句時,只有第一個that可以省略。Theteachersaid(that)thetextwasveryimportantandthatweshouldlearnitbyheart.老師說這篇課文非常重要,我們應(yīng)該把它背下來。(第二個that不能省略)【技法訓(xùn)練二】1.Desertification,thenameforhappenswhenlandthatcanbeusedtogrowcropsturnsintodesert,isagrowingworldproblem.

2.Studentsarerequiredtoasktheirparentstheycangoontheschooltrip,andtheyarealsoresponsibleforgivinganoticeinadvanceiftheycannot.

考點三表語從句在句中作表語的從句稱為表語從句。引導(dǎo)表語從句的連接詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句的連接詞大致一樣。表語從句位于連系動詞后,有時用asif引導(dǎo)。Nochangeshavetakenplaceinthevillage.Itremainswhatitusedtobe.這個村子一直未發(fā)生變化,它仍是過去的樣子。Thereasonwhyhemissedclasseswasthathewasillinhospital.他缺課的原因是他生病住院了。Thishousewasinamessandlookedasifnoonehadlivedinitformanyyears.這所房子一片狼藉,看起來好像很多年沒人住過似的。【技法訓(xùn)練三】1.Sorry,hecan’tgowithyou.Thereasonishehassomethingtodotomorrow.

2.Actually,girlscanbetheywanttobejustlikeboys,whetheritisapilot,anastronaut,oramanager.

考點四同位語從句在復(fù)合句中用作同位語的從句稱為同位語從句。同位語從句是名詞性從句的一種。它一般放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,thought,doubt,promise,question等抽象名詞的后面,對前面的名詞做進一步的解釋,說明前面名詞的具體含義。[溫馨提示]同位語從句的幾種特殊情況:(1)當(dāng)主句的謂語較短,而同位語從句較長時,同位語從句常后置。Thethoughtcametohimthatmaybetheenemytroopshadfledthecitybeforetheyenteredthevillage.他突然想到,也許敵軍在他們進入村莊之前已經(jīng)逃離了這座城市。(2)表示“命令、要求、建議”的名詞order,demand,suggestion等后接同位語從句時,從句的謂語要用虛擬語氣,即“should+動詞原形”,should可省略。Thesuggestionthateveryone(should)makeeffortstobeautifyourcampusisnecessary.每個人都應(yīng)盡力來美化校園的建議是有必要的?！疽谆毂鎰e】同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別同位語從句定語從句功能不同對名詞加以補充說明與先行詞是修飾與被修飾的關(guān)系that不作成分;起連接作用,不可省略作主語或賓語,起連接作用;并且在從句中作賓語時可省略whether/how不作成分;起連接作用,表示“是否”“如何”不引導(dǎo)定語從句wh-類連接詞作成分;起連接作用;有自己的含義,但與所修飾的詞之間無關(guān)作成分;起連接作用;沒有自己的含義,但是代替先行詞在從句中作成分ThenewsthatMrLiwillbeournewEnglishteacheristrue.李先生將是我們的新英語老師的消息是真的。(同位語從句,that不可省略)Thenews(that)hetoldmeyesterdayistrue.他昨天告訴我的消息是真的。(定語從句,that在從句中作賓語,可省略)【技法訓(xùn)練四】1.Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists

theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.2.Thisshouldserveasawarning

peopleshouldbeawareoftheirsurroundings,especiallywhencrossingroads.●Ⅰ單句填空1.heliedabouthisacademicbackgroundattheinterviewreallysurprisedusafterthetruthcameout.

2.Thetruthisweareluckyenoughtohavecleanwaterwheneverwewant,butthisisnotthecaseformanypeoplearoundtheworld.

3.Reconstructingtheworksofthecraftsmenfromancienttimescanrevealtheyviewedtheworldandwhatwentonintheworkshopsthatproducedthem.

4.NowthatIhavetriedmybestintheEnglishcontest,itdoesn’tmattermuchtome

theresultwillbe.5.Allthepeoplehaveincredibleideastoshare,butwhatmattersiswe’reabletocarrythemout.

6.Thesedays,teachershavebeensparingnoefforttocreatetheyhopewillbethebestmeanstoimprovetheefficiencyofonlineteaching.

7.Tobehonest,Iamnotthepersondeservingthehonour;itshouldbegiventowethinkhasmadethegreatestcontribution.

8.Asmanyasfivecoursesareprovided,andyouarefreetochoosesuitsyoubest.

9.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtisthepatientwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.

10.Doris’successliesinthefactshe

isco-operativeandeagertolearnfromothers.11.remainsimportantisthatwehaveanincredibledesiretothinkandcreate,andthat’stherealspiritofinvention.

12.Awarmthoughtsuddenlycametome

Imightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymother’sbirthday.●Ⅱ語法填空[2024·廣東廣州高三三模]TheWuhansilkflowerisafamousspecialtyofHubei.Ithasbeenproducedandsoldformanyyearsandenjoysahighreputation.Overthepasthundredyears,Wuhansilkflower1.(adopt)thetraditionalsilkflowermakingtechniquesfromtheroyalcourts.ItdrawsspiritfromthefolksilkflowermakingtechniquesthroughoutChina,whileperfecting2.(it)onthebasisofthetraditionalflowerskillsthathavebeenknownfarandwideduetoitsfineworkmanship.

Silkflowersaretheflowers3.(typical)madewithsilk,satinandotherhigh-gradefabrics.Theflowerslookvividandareuniquehandicrafts.Whetherduetoitslonghistoryorthestrong4.(decorate)effect,silkflowerswerecommonaccessoriesoftheancientwomen.

AmongtraditionalChineseskills,makingflowers5.fabricsemergedmorethan1,700yearsago.IntheTangDynasty,itwasrecorded6.womenworeflowersmadewithsilk.

Thesilkflower7.(artist)inWuhanhavehand