/第2講主謂一致/●單句填空1.[2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷]SomeofthethingsthatTangwaswritingabout(be)alsoShakespeare’sconcerns.IhappentoknowthatTang’splayThePeonyPavilion(《牡丹亭》)issimilarinsomewaystoRomeoandJuliet.

2.[2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷]Incoldweather,thestructurestays…toprotecttheplants.Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse

(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad…3.[2023·北京卷]Uptonow,China(establish)anumberofprotectedareaswithmangroves.

4.[2023·全國乙卷]Theremarkabledevelopmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,(mean)thereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50years.

5.[2021·新高考全國Ⅱ卷]OneofthebiggestcompaniesIwroteto(be)AlaskaAirlinesParis.

考點(diǎn)一語法一致原則語法一致就是謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由主語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定。句子以單數(shù)名詞或代詞、動詞不定式短語、動名詞短語或從句作主語時(shí),謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式;主語為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。TostudyEnglishwellisnoteasy.學(xué)好英語并不容易。Whathesaidisveryimportantforusall.他所說的話對我們所有人而言是非常重要的。Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes.在陽光下看書對你的眼睛有害。主語后有with,togetherwith,except,but,like,aswellas,ratherthan,besides,including等連接的短語時(shí),謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由主語的單復(fù)數(shù)決定。MrGreen,togetherwithhiswifeandchildren,hascometoChina.格林先生及其妻子和孩子已經(jīng)來到中國。Twostudentswiththeteacherwereatthemeeting.兩個學(xué)生和那位老師參加了會議。在定語從句中,關(guān)系代詞that,who,which等作主語時(shí),其謂語動詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。Heisoneofmyfriendswhoareworkinghard.他是我努力工作的朋友中的一個。在倒裝句中,謂語動詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語一致。Herecomesthebus.公共汽車來了。Onthewallaremanypictures.墻上有很多圖畫。manya和morethanone加單數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí),謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Manyaboyhasmadethesamemistakes.許多男孩犯了同樣的錯誤?！炯挤ㄓ?xùn)練一】1.Whenandwheretogofortheon-salaryholiday(notdecide)yet.

2.Theteachernowtogetherwiththestudents(be)discussingReadingSkillsthat(be)newlypublishedinAmerica.

3.Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,(regard)asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.

4.Deletetheshortmessageatonce!Manyaman(cheat)bysuchtricksuptonow.

考點(diǎn)二意義一致原則意義一致就是謂語動詞的數(shù)必須和主語的意義一致(因主語有時(shí)形式為單數(shù),但意義為復(fù)數(shù);有時(shí)形式為復(fù)數(shù),但意義為單數(shù))。表示時(shí)間、重量、長度、價(jià)值等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí),謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)形式,這是由于作主語的復(fù)數(shù)名詞在概念上是一個整體。Tendollarsisenoughforhim.十美元對他來說足夠了。Twentyyearsstandsforalongperiodinone’slife.在人的一生里二十年意味著一個很長的時(shí)期?！皌he+形容詞或分詞等”作主語,表示某一類人時(shí),謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Theoldaremorelikelytocatchacoldthantheyoung.老年人比年輕人更容易感冒。如果集體名詞指的是整個集體,其謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;如果它指集體中的成員,其謂語動詞就用復(fù)數(shù)形式。這些詞有family,class,crowd,committee,population,audience等。[溫馨提示]people,police,cattle等名詞一般都用作復(fù)數(shù)。Myfamilyisalargeone.我家是一個大家庭。Thefamilyaresittingatthebreakfasttable.這家人正坐在早餐桌旁。Thepolicearelookingforthelostchild.警方正在尋找那個丟失的孩子。由“some/all/most/alot/lots/plenty/therest/themajority+of+名詞”構(gòu)成的短語以及由“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”構(gòu)成的短語作主語時(shí),其謂語動詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)短語中of后面名詞的數(shù)而定。[溫馨提示]anumberof表示“許多”,作定語修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;thenumberof表示“……的數(shù)量”,主語是number,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Someofthemwerebarefoot,andmostwereinrags.他們當(dāng)中有些人光著腳,大部分人衣衫襤褸。Therestofthelectureisverywonderful.講座的其余部分非常精彩。50%ofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.我們班一半的學(xué)生都是女生?！炯挤ㄓ?xùn)練二】1.Thestaff(be)friendlyandhelpful,providingyouwithamapofthecitywhenyouarrive,andofferingadviceifyourequiresome.

2.Asurveycarriedoutlastyearshowedthat80%ofthemiddle-agedinthiscity(be)infavouroftheproposalonhealthcarereform.

3.Thenumberofmedicalschoolsreached18intheearly1990sand(remain)aroundthateversince.

4.Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.

考點(diǎn)三就近一致原則在英語句子中,有時(shí)謂語動詞的數(shù)與最鄰近的主語保持一致。(1)當(dāng)兩個主語由either…or,neither…nor,whether…or…,notonly…butalso連接時(shí),謂語動詞的數(shù)和鄰近的主語一致。(2)therebe句型中be動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于其后的主語。如果其后是由and連接的兩個主語,則應(yīng)與最近的那個主語保持一致。EitheryouorJaneistobesenttoNewZealand.要么你,要么簡將被派往新西蘭。Neithertheunkindwordsnortheunfriendlyattitudehascausedmeanydistress.不友善的言語和不友好的態(tài)度都沒有給我?guī)砣魏瓮纯?。Notonlyhebutalsoallhisfamilyarekeenonconcerts.不僅是他,他全家人都很熱衷于音樂會?！炯挤ㄓ?xùn)練三】1.There(be)agreatnumberofattractionsinTianjin,amongwhichIliketheAncientCulturalStreetbest.

2.Notonlyhisparentsbutalsohiselderbrother(go)totheSummerPalace.Theyhaven’tbeenbackyet.

3.Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents

(be)toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.

●Ⅰ單句填空1.Allthescientificevidence(show)thattheincreasinguseofchemicalsinfarmingisdamagingourhealth.

2.Onethirdofthecountry(be)coveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizensareblackpeople.

3.It’sfunforamateurstotry,buttobecomegoodatit,notonlyyearsofpracticebutalsonaturaltalent(need).

4.Thepolice(search)themurderereverywherewhenhesuddenlyappearedinthetheatre.

5.Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you’llprobablyfindasolutionthat(suit)everyone.

6.It’sreportedthatmanyahouse(damage)bythetyphoon,whichstruckthecitylastweek.

7.Sincelastmonth,George,alongwithsomeofhisformerclassmates,(desire)tohavea20-yeargatheringduringthissummerholiday.

8.Allweneed(be)asmallpieceoflandwherewecanplantvariouskindsoffruittreesthroughoutthegrowingseasonsoftheyear.

9.Typically,withhigh-statusandwell-paidjobs(come)farmorepressurethanassumed.

10.ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities(rise)steadilysince1997.

●Ⅱ語法填空[2024·山東濰坊高三三模]AnyonevisitingXizangandexploringitsculturewouldvisitthetemplestoviewthecolourfulandeducationalTibetanThangka(唐卡)paintings.Theyaretraditionallypaintedoneithercottonorsilk,with1.(loose)wovencottonbeingthemostcommon.Thepaintingsusuallyshowreligiousscenes,asindicatedbytheirname,Thangka,2.(mean)“recordedmessage”inTibetan.

TheTibetanThangkais3.artformthatoriginatedinNepalandwasbroughttoXizanglater.TheThangkapaintingsweredevelopedoverthecenturiesfromtheearlymurals(壁畫)thatcanbeseenin4.istitled“LibraryCaves”,suchastheAjantaCavesinIndiaandtheMogaoCavesinChina.

TheMogaoCaveswerepreviouslyastorageplaceofmanyTibetanpaintingsoncloth,includingtheearliestsurvivingThangkadatedtobefromaround780—848AD5.theregionwasunderTibetanrule.Historiansnotethatbetweenthe14thand15thcentury,Tibetanpaintings6.(integrate)manyelementsfromtheChinesemurals.

TheThangkapaintingisnotaflatcreationbutconsistsofapaintedpicturepanel,overwhichafabricismounted,andthenoverwhich7.(lay)acover,usuallysilk.Itisthenatureof8.(delicate)thatmakesThangkaspreferdryplaces9.(prevent)thequalityofthesilkfrombeingaffectedbywetness.Whentheyarenotinuse,theyremainrolledup,withcoveringsonthebackandfronttoprotectthepainting.10.(keep)inthiswayhelpsThangkaslastforaverylongtime.

●Ⅲ語法與寫作—主謂一致在寫作