遼寧2025自考[英語]語言與文化易錯題專練一、單選題（每題2分，共10題）1.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribestheBritishculturalattitudeof"modesty"?A.ReservedB.BoldC.OutgoingD.Humble2.InAmericanculture,"smalltalk"isconsideredimportantmainlybecauseof:A.BuildingtrustB.ShowingrespectC.SavingtimeD.Avoidingconflict3.TheChinesephrase"面子"(miànzi)mostcloselycorrespondstowhichEnglishconcept?A.ReputationB.ApologyC.ExcuseD.Compliment4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTatypicalfeatureofJapanesebusinessetiquette?A.BowingdeeplyB.BowinglightlyC.ExchangingbusinesscardsD.Firmhandshakes5.TheRussiancustomof"kompot"(asweetfruitdrink)ismostsimilarto:A.TeaceremoniesintheUKB.CoffeebreaksinItalyC.FamilygatheringsinChinaD.BarbecuesintheUSA6.TheFrenchphrase"fairelabise"refersto:A.KissinghandsB.HuggingC.ShakinghandsD.Waving7.InIndia,theword"Namaste"iscommonlyusedin:A.GreetingsB.FarewellsC.apologiesD.Congratulations8.Theconceptof"guanxi"inChinesecultureisclosestto:A.FriendshipB.CorruptionC.RelationshipsD.Formality9.TheJapaneseterm"omotenashi"describes:A.FormalhospitalityB.SelfishserviceC.NoserviceD.Minimalservice10.TheGermancustomof"KaffeeundKuchen"ismostsimilarto:A.AfternoonteainEnglandB.BreakfastinFranceC.LunchinSpainD.DinnerinItaly二、多選題（每題2分，共5題）1.WhichofthefollowingarecommoninBritishsocialetiquette?A.QueuingB.UsinganapkinC.LeavingatipD.Saying"please"and"thankyou"2.InAmericanbusinessculture,whichbehaviorsarehighlyvalued?A.PunctualityB.DirectnessC.IndirectnessD.Formality3.TheChineseconceptof"孝"(xiào)isrelatedto:A.FilialpietyB.RespectforeldersC.IndependenceD.Familyduty4.WhichofthefollowingarepartofJapaneseteaceremonies?A.WearingformalattireB.UsingspecificutensilsC.EatingsushiD.Meditating5.TheRussiancustomof"podushka"(asmallpillowforguests)reflects:A.HospitalityB.FormalityC.ColdnessD.Respect三、判斷題（每題1分，共10題）1.InCanada,itispolitetoaddresseldersbytheirfirstnames.(×)2.TheJapanese"omotenashi"emphasizesminimalservicetoavoidappearingintrusive.(×)3.InBrazil,itiscommontogreetwithakissonthecheek.(√)4.TheChinese"guanxi"systemispurelybasedonpersonalrelationships.(√)5.InAustralia,tippingisnotexpectedincasualrestaurants.(√)6.TheRussiancustomof"kompot"isprimarilyforformalgatherings.(×)7.InIndia,"Namaste"isareligiousgesture.(×)8.TheBritish"afternoontea"istypicallyservedatlunchtime.(×)9.TheGerman"KaffeeundKuchen"isaformalbusinessmeal.(×)10.TheFrench"fairelabise"ismorecommoninsouthernFrance.(√)四、填空題（每題2分，共5題）1.InBritishculture,theterm"______"referstoaformaleventwherepeopledressup.2.TheAmericancustomof"smalltalk"helpsto______betweenstrangers.3.TheChinesephrase"______"means"savingface."4.TheJapanesepracticeof"______"involvesservingteawithspecificetiquette.5.TheRussianword"______"means"hospitality."五、簡答題（每題5分，共4題）1.Explainthesignificanceof"savingface"inChineseculture.2.CompareandcontrastBritishandAmericangreetingcustoms.3.DescribetheroleoffamilyinIndianculture.4.HowdoestheGerman"KaffeeundKuchen"traditionreflecttheirculturalvalues?答案與解析一、單選題1.A(Reserved)-Britishcultureoftenemphasizesmodesty,avoidingboastfulness.2.A(Buildingtrust)-SmalltalkhelpsAmericansestablishrapportbeforedeeperconversations.3.A(Reputation)-"面子"referstosocialstandingandrespect.4.D(Firmhandshakes)-Japanesebusinessetiquettefavorslightbowsoverhandshakes.5.C(FamilygatheringsinChina)-Kompotisacommunaldrinkservedathome,similartoChinesefamilymeals.6.A(Kissinghands)-"Fairelabise"isaFrenchhandshake-greetingcombiningcheekkisses.7.A(Greetings)-NamasteisatraditionalIndiangreeting.8.C(Relationships)-Guanxiemphasizesnetworkingandtrustinbusiness.9.A(Formalhospitality)-Omotenashimeansselfless,attentiveservice.10.A(AfternoonteainEngland)-KaffeeundKuchenisarelaxedafternooncoffeeandcakesession.二、多選題1.A,B,D-Britishetiquetteincludesqueuing,napkinuse,andpolitelanguage.2.A,B-Americansvaluepunctualityanddirectcommunication.3.A,B,D-Filialpiety,respectforelders,andfamilydutyarekeyto"孝."4.A,B-Teaceremoniesinvolveformalattireandspecificutensils.5.A,D-Podushkareflectshospitalityandrespectforguests.三、判斷題1.×-Canadiansusuallyaddresseldersformally.2.×-Omotenashiisaboutover-the-topservice.3.√-PhysicalgreetingsarecommoninBrazil.4.√-Guanxireliesonpersonalconnections.5.√-TippingisnotmandatoryinAustralia.6.×-Kompotisacasualdrink.7.×-Namasteisaseculargreeting.8.×-Afternoonteaisservedintheafternoon.9.×-KaffeeundKuchenisacasualtradition.10.√-ThecustomisstrongerinsouthernFrance.四、填空題1.Blacktie2.Connect3.丟面子(diūmiànzi)4.茶道(chádào)5.гостеприимство(gosteprimstvo)五、簡答題1.SavingfaceinChineseculturereferstomaintainingdignityandreputation.Losingfacecanleadtosocialembarrassment,sopeopleavoidactionsthatunderminetheirstanding.2.Britishvs.Americangreetings:-British:Moreformal,oftenincludehandshakesorlighthugs,andavoiddirectcompliments.-American:Moreinformal,frequenthandshakes,anddirectpraise.3.FamilyinIndianculture:Familyiscentral,wit