江西2025自考[環(huán)境設(shè)計]英語（二）考前沖刺練習(xí)題一、選擇題（共10題，每題1分，共10分）1.Inthecontextofsustainableurbanplanning,whichofthefollowingdesignstrategiesismosteffectiveinreducingcarbonemissions?A.High-risebuildingconstructionB.ExpandinggreenspaceswithlocalnativeplantsC.IncreasingcarlanesD.Usingnon-renewablebuildingmaterials2.Theterm"biophilicdesign"refersto:A.MinimizingbuildingenergyconsumptionB.IntegratingnaturalelementsintobuiltenvironmentsC.MaximizingopenspacesforpublicuseD.Usingrecycledmaterialsinconstruction3.WhichofthefollowingisakeycharacteristicofFengShuiintraditionalChinesearchitecture?A.EmphasisonindustrialmaterialsB.MaximizingwindowexposureforsunlightC.HarmonizingbuildingorientationwithnaturallandscapesD.Prioritizingmodernistdesignprinciples4.The"海綿城市"(spongecity)concept,widelyadoptedinChina,primarilyfocuseson:A.IncreasingurbanpopulationdensityB.EnhancingstormwatermanagementthroughpermeablesurfacesC.ExpandingcommercialdistrictsD.Reducinggreenspaceinurbanareas5.Whatdoestheterm"LEEDcertification"(LeadershipinEnergyandEnvironmentalDesign)signifyinarchitecture?A.Astandardforhigh-riseconstructiononlyB.AcertificationforenvironmentallysustainablebuildingsC.ArequirementforusingonlylocalmaterialsD.Aguidelineforindustrialbuildingdesign6.InChineseenvironmentaldesign,theuseof"jadestones"ingardensoftensymbolizes:A.WealthandprosperityB.UrbandevelopmentC.IndustrializationD.Modernization7.The"Three-North"ecologicalengineeringprojectinChinaaimstocombat:A.CoastalerosionB.DesertificationinnorthernregionsC.UrbansprawlD.Riverpollution8.WhichofthefollowingisamajorchallengeinsustainableurbandesigninJiangxiProvince?A.AbundantrainfallleadingtofloodingB.LimitedavailabilityoflocalbuildingmaterialsC.HighpopulationdensityincitiesD.Excessiveindustrialpollution9.The"GreenBeltMovement"inKenyasharessimilaritieswithChina'seffortsto:A.ProtectwildlifehabitatsB.PromoteafforestationinurbanareasC.EncourageindustrialgrowthD.Reduceagriculturallanduse10.Whatistheprimarypurposeof"passivesolardesign"inarchitecture?A.IncreasingelectricityconsumptionB.ReducingrelianceonartificialheatingandcoolingC.MaximizingwindowsizeforaestheticappealD.Enhancingbuildingstructuralintegrity二、填空題（共10題，每題1分，共10分）1.Theconceptof"__________"emphasizestheintegrationofnatureintourbanspacestoimprovehumanwell-being.2.InFengShui,thedirectionofthefrontdoorofabuildingisbelievedtoaffectits"__________"energy.3.The"__________"policyinChinapromotestheuseofrenewableenergysourcestoreducecarbonemissions.4.Theterm"__________"referstothepracticeofdesigningbuildingstominimizetheirenvironmentalimpact.5.TraditionalChinesegardensoftenfeaturea"__________"tosymbolizetheharmonybetweenhumansandnature.6.The"__________"isamajorecologicalprojectinChinaaimedatimprovinggrasslandconditionsinnorthernregions.7.SustainableurbandesigninJiangxishouldprioritizetheuseof"__________"toreduceconstructionwaste.8.The"__________"movementinKenyapioneeredthepracticeofplantingtreestocombatdeforestation.9.Passivesolardesignleverages"__________"tonaturallyheatandcoolbuildings.10.The"__________"certificationevaluatesabuilding'senvironmentalperformanceandsustainability.三、判斷題（共10題，每題1分，共10分）1.FengShuiprinciplesareexclusivelyusedintraditionalChinesearchitecture.()2.The"spongecity"conceptisprimarilyfocusedonfloodcontrol.()3.LEEDcertificationisonlyapplicabletoresidentialbuildings.()4.JadestonesinChinesegardensareusedfordecorativepurposesonly.()5.TheThree-Northprojecthassignificantlyimprovedgrasslandecosystems.()6.SustainableurbandesigninJiangxicanfullyrelyonindustrialmaterials.()7.TheGreenBeltMovementinKenyawasinitiatedbytheChinesegovernment.()8.Passivesolardesignrequiresadditionalelectricityforheatingandcooling.()9.TheGreenBeltMovementinChinaissimilartotheafforestationeffortsinKenya.()10.BiophilicdesignisirrelevanttotraditionalChinesearchitecture.()四、簡答題（共4題，每題5分，共20分）1.DescribethreekeyprinciplesofsustainableurbandesigninChina.2.ExplainthesignificanceofFengShuiintraditionalChinesearchitecture.3.Discusstheroleof"passivesolardesign"inreducingenergyconsumption.4.Howdoesthe"spongecity"conceptaddressurbanwatermanagementchallengesinJiangxiProvince?五、論述題（共2題，每題10分，共20分）1.AnalyzethechallengesandbenefitsofimplementingsustainableurbandesigninJiangxiProvince,consideringitsgeographicandindustrialcontext.2.CompareandcontrasttheenvironmentaldesignphilosophiesofChinaandKenya,focusingontheirapproachestosustainabledevelopment.答案與解析一、選擇題答案與解析1.B.ExpandinggreenspaceswithlocalnativeplantshelpsabsorbCO?andreducesurbanheatislands.2.B.Biophilicdesignintegratesnaturalelements(e.g.,plants,daylight)toimprovewell-being.3.C.FengShuiemphasizesorientationbasedonnaturallandscapes(e.g.,mountains,water).4.B."海綿城市"focusesonpermeablesurfacestomanagestormwater.5.B.LEEDcertificationassessesenvironmentalsustainabilityinbuildings.6.A.JadesymbolizeswealthandprosperityinChineseculture.7.B.TheThree-NorthprojectcombatsdesertificationinnorthernChina.8.C.HighpopulationdensityisamajorurbanchallengeinJiangxi.9.B.Bothmovementspromoteafforestationtocombatdeforestation.10.B.Passivesolardesignusesnaturalheating/coolingtoreduceenergyuse.二、填空題答案與解析1.Biophilicdesign2.Qi(氣)3.DualCarbongoals4.Greenbuildingdesign5.Rockery(假山)6.Three-NorthGrasslandImprovementProject7.Recycledmaterials8.GreenBeltMovement9.Sunlight10.LEED(LeadershipinEnergyandEnvironmentalDesign)三、判斷題答案與解析1.×.FengShuiisalsoappliedinmodernarchitecture.2.√.Spongecitiesprioritizestormwatermanagement.3.×.LEEDappliestoallbuildingtypes.4.×.Jadestonesalsocarryculturalsignificance.5.√.Theprojecthasimprovedgrasslands.6.×.Sustainabledesignfavorslocal/regycledmaterials.7.×.TheGreenBeltMovementwasKenyan-led.8.×.Passivesolardesignreduces,notincreases,energyuse.9.×.China’safforestationeffortsdifferfromKenya’sfocus.10.×.BiophilicdesignalignswithtraditionalChinesegardens.四、簡答題答案與解析1.ThreeprinciplesofsustainableurbandesigninChina:-Integrationofgreenspaces(e.g.,parks,verticalgardens).-Useofrenewableenergy(e.g.,solarpanels).-Smarturbanplanning(e.g.,efficientpublictransport).2.SignificanceofFengShui:-Balancesbuildingorientationwithnaturalelements(e.g.,water,mountains).-Enhancesharmonybetweenhumansandenvironment.-Influenceslayoutandaestheticsintraditionalarchitecture.3.Roleofpassivesolardesign:-Maximizesnaturalsunlightforheating/cooling.-Reducesrelianceonartificialclimatecontrol.-Lo