北京2025自考[英語]英語語法案例題專練一、單句改錯（每題2分，共10題）說明：下列句子中各有一處語法錯誤，請找出并改正。1.Shedon’tlikewatchingmoviesbecauseshehasnotime.2.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherknowstheanswertothisquestion.3.IfIhadstudiedharder,Iwouldpasstheexamlastyear.4.Themanagerandhisstaffsareattendingthemeetingtomorrow.5.MybrotheristallerthanIam.6.Theyhavebeenworkingheresincethreeyearsago.7.Neithertheworkersnorthefactoryowneragreeswiththenewplan.8.Heisthemostintelligentpersoninhisfamily.9.Ifithadn’trainedyesterday,wewouldhavegonetothepark.10.ThebookthatIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.二、句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析（每題3分，共5題）說明：分析下列句子，指出各句的主干結(jié)構(gòu)（主語、謂語、賓語等），并說明句子類型（簡單句、并列句、復(fù)合句）。1.Althoughitwasraining,theydecidedtogoforawalk.2.Shewenttothesupermarket,butsheforgottobuymilk.3.Ifyoustudyharder,youwillpasstheexam.4.Thecompanyofferedhimahighsalary,whichmadehimveryhappy.5.ThemanageraskedthestafftofinishthereportbyFriday.三、時態(tài)與語態(tài)綜合運用（每題4分，共5題）說明：根據(jù)語境，選擇合適的時態(tài)或語態(tài)填空。1.Themeeting(hold)nextweekwilldiscussthenewbusinessplan.2.Bythetimeyouarrive,we(finish)theproject.3.WhenIwasachild,myparents(send)metobedearly.4.Thisbook(write)byafamousauthorwaspublishedlastyear.5.IfI(be)you,Iwouldapologizetoherimmediately.四、虛擬語氣應(yīng)用（每題4分，共5題）說明：根據(jù)語境，用虛擬語氣完成下列句子。1.IfI(have)moremoney,Iwouldbuyacar.2.Itwouldbebetterifthecompany(provide)moretrainingforemployees.3.Ifshe(study)harder,shewouldhavepassedtheexamlastmonth.4.Ifthegovernment(reduce)taxes,morepeoplewouldstarttheirownbusinesses.5.It’sapitythatyou(miss)thetrainbecauseitwaslate.五、定語從句與狀語從句綜合練習(xí)（每題5分，共5題）說明：根據(jù)語境，用定語從句或狀語從句完成句子。1.Themanwho(teach)usEnglishisverykind.2.Sheistheonlypersonwho(evervisit)Africa.3.IwillcallyouassoonasI(get)home.4.Thecompanythat(establish)lastyearhasgrownrapidly.5.Hearrivedlatebecausehe(traffic)onthehighway.答案與解析一、單句改錯1.錯誤：don’t→doesn’t解析：主語She是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞需加-s。2.錯誤：knows→knows解析：neither...nor...連接的并列主語，謂語動詞與靠近的主語保持一致（teacher是第三人稱單數(shù)）。3.錯誤：wouldpass→wouldhavepassed解析：虛擬語氣中，與過去事實相反的假設(shè)用wouldhavedone。4.錯誤：staffs→staff解析：staff是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。5.正確6.錯誤：threeyears→threeyears’解析：since后面需跟名詞所有格或時間點。7.錯誤：agrees→agrees解析：neither...nor...連接的并列主語，謂語動詞與靠近的主語保持一致（factoryowner是第三人稱單數(shù)）。8.正確9.錯誤：wouldhavegone→wouldhavegone解析：虛擬語氣中，與過去事實相反的假設(shè)用wouldhavedone。10.正確二、句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析1.主干：theydecided類型：復(fù)合句（含讓步狀語從句）2.主干：sheforgot類型：并列句（含并列連詞but）3.主干：youwillpass類型：復(fù)合句（含條件狀語從句）4.主干：Thecompanyofferedhimahighsalary類型：復(fù)合句（含非限制性定語從句）5.主干：Themanageraskedthestafftofinishthereport類型：簡單句三、時態(tài)與語態(tài)綜合運用1.isheld解析：一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)，表示將來安排。2.willhavefinished解析：將來完成時，表示將來某個時間前完成的動作。3.wouldsend解析：過去虛擬語氣，與過去事實相反的假設(shè)。4.waswritten解析：一般過去時被動語態(tài)，表示過去發(fā)生的被動動作。5.were解析：虛擬語氣中，if從句用與現(xiàn)在事實相反的動詞形式（第一人稱用were）。四、虛擬語氣應(yīng)用1.had2.provide