小學(xué)英語語法重點復(fù)習(xí)課件及習(xí)題親愛的同學(xué)們，英語語法是我們構(gòu)建英語知識大廈的基石。掌握好基礎(chǔ)語法，不僅能讓我們更準(zhǔn)確地理解和運用英語，也能為未來的學(xué)習(xí)打下堅實的基礎(chǔ)。這份復(fù)習(xí)課件及習(xí)題，希望能幫助大家系統(tǒng)梳理小學(xué)階段的核心語法點，查漏補缺，鞏固提升。讓我們一起加油，攻克語法難關(guān)！一、名詞(Nouns)名詞是表示人、事物、地點或抽象概念的詞。1.名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)(Singular&PluralNouns)*規(guī)則變化：*一般情況下，直接加-s。例如：book→books,cat→cats*以s,x,sh,ch結(jié)尾的詞，加-es。例如：bus→buses,box→boxes,dish→dishes,watch→watches*以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞，變y為i再加-es。例如：baby→babies,family→families(注意：以“元音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞，直接加-s，如：boy→boys,toy→toys)*以“o”結(jié)尾的詞，有生命的加-es，無生命的多數(shù)加-s。例如：potato→potatoes,tomato→tomatoes,photo→photos,zoo→zoos*以“f”或“fe”結(jié)尾的詞，變f/fe為v再加-es。例如：leaf→leaves,knife→knives,wolf→wolves(但也有例外，如：roof→roofs)*不規(guī)則變化：*改變單詞內(nèi)部字母。例如：man→men,woman→women,foot→feet,tooth→teeth,child→children,mouse→mice*單復(fù)數(shù)同形。例如：sheep→sheep,deer→deer,fish→fish(強調(diào)種類時可用fishes)2.名詞所有格(PossessiveNouns)*表示“……的”。*規(guī)則：*單數(shù)名詞后加’s。例如：Tom’sbook(湯姆的書),thegirl’spen(女孩的鋼筆)*以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加’。例如：thestudents’classroom(學(xué)生們的教室),theteachers’office(老師們的辦公室)*不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加’s。例如：Children’sDay(兒童節(jié)),men’sroom(男廁所)習(xí)題一：名詞單復(fù)數(shù)及所有格練習(xí)1.寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。*apple→______*city→______*bus→______*baby→______*knife→______*man→______*sheep→______*photo→______2.用所給名詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。*Thesearemy______(friend).*Ihavetwo______(foot).*The______(child)areplayinginthepark.*Thisis______(Lucy)pencil.*The______(teacher)officeisoverthere.二、代詞(Pronouns)代詞是用來代替名詞的詞，避免重復(fù)。1.人稱代詞(PersonalPronouns)*分為主格和賓格。*主格(作主語)：I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they*賓格(作賓語)：me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them*例如：Heisastudent.(主格)Ilikehim.(賓格)2.物主代詞(PossessivePronouns)*分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。*形容詞性物主代詞(后接名詞)：my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their*名詞性物主代詞(后不接名詞)：mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs*例如：Thisismybook.(形容詞性)Thisbookismine.(名詞性)3.指示代詞(DemonstrativePronouns)*this(這個，單數(shù)近指),these(這些，復(fù)數(shù)近指)*that(那個，單數(shù)遠(yuǎn)指),those(那些，復(fù)數(shù)遠(yuǎn)指)*例如：Thisisapen.Thesearepens.Thatisaruler.Thosearerulers.習(xí)題二：代詞練習(xí)1.用適當(dāng)?shù)娜朔Q代詞主格或賓格填空。*______(I)amaboy.______(Me)likeEnglish.*ThisisTom.______(He)ismyfriend.Ioftenplaywith______(he).*Thecatiscute.______(It)iswhite.Ilike______(it).*LilyandLucyaresisters.______(Them)arestudents.Weoftenhelp______(they).2.用適當(dāng)?shù)奈镏鞔~填空。*Thisis______(I)bag.______(Mine)isred.*Isthis______(you)pencil?No,______(I)isinthepencil-box.*Theseare______(they)books.______(Their)arenew.*Thedoghasaball.______(Its)ballisyellow.3.用this,that,these,those填空。*______isadesk.(近處)*______aremyshoes.(近處復(fù)數(shù))*What’s______overthere?(遠(yuǎn)處單數(shù))*______areapples.(遠(yuǎn)處復(fù)數(shù))三、動詞(Verbs)動詞表示動作或狀態(tài)。1.be動詞(am,is,are)*用法口訣：我(I)用am，你(you)用are，is連著他(he)、她(she)、它(it)。單數(shù)名詞用is，復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are。*否定式：在am,is,are后加not。例如：Iamnot.../Heisnot(isn’t).../Theyarenot(aren’t)...*疑問式：將am,is,are提到句首。例如：AmI...?/Ishe...?/Arethey...?2.情態(tài)動詞can(能，會)*后面接動詞原形。例如：Icanswim.Shecansing.*否定式：cannot→can’t。例如：Ican’tfly.*疑問式：將can提到句首。例如：Canyoudance?Yes,Ican./No,Ican’t.3.實義動詞(行為動詞)的第三人稱單數(shù)*當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it或單數(shù)名詞)時，一般現(xiàn)在時的實義動詞要加-s或-es。*變化規(guī)則：與名詞變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則類似。*一般加-s：play→plays,eat→eats*以s,x,sh,ch,o結(jié)尾的加-es：watch→watches,wash→washes,go→goes,do→does*以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i加-es：study→studies,fly→flies*例如：Heplaysfootball.Shelikescats.Thebirdsingswell.習(xí)題三：動詞練習(xí)1.用be動詞的適當(dāng)形式(am,is,are)填空。*I______astudent.*Myfather______ateacher.*They______intheclassroom.*This______aredapple.*______youhappy?Yes,I______.2.用can或can’t填空，并翻譯成中文。*I______rideabike.(我______騎自行車。)*Thebird______fly.(小鳥______飛。)*She______speakChinese,butshe______speakEnglish.(她______說中文，但是她______說英文。)*______youswim?(你______游泳嗎？)3.用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(第三人稱單數(shù))。*Tom______(like)bananas.*Mymother______(cook)dinnereveryday.*Thedog______(run)fast.*He______(watch)TVintheevening.*Mary______(study)Englishhard.四、數(shù)詞(Numbers)數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。1.基數(shù)詞(表示數(shù)量)*1-12:one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve*13-19:詞尾加-teen:thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen*20-90整十?dāng)?shù):詞尾加-ty:twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety*幾十幾:整十?dāng)?shù)+連字符+個位基數(shù)詞:twenty-one,thirty-five2.序數(shù)詞(表示順序)*1-3:first(1st),second(2nd),third(3rd)*4-19:基數(shù)詞+-th:fourth(4th),fifth(5th),eighth(8th),ninth(9th),tenth(10th),twelfth(12th),thirteenth(13th)...*20,30...:twentieth(20th),thirtieth(30th)...*幾十幾:整十序數(shù)詞+連字符+個位序數(shù)詞:twenty-first(21st),thirty-second(32nd)*用法：序數(shù)詞前通常加the。例如：thefirstday,thesecondmonth.習(xí)題四：數(shù)詞練習(xí)1.寫出下列基數(shù)詞。*五______十二______二十______三十七_(dá)_____九十九______2.寫出下列序數(shù)詞及其縮寫形式。*第一____________第二____________第三____________*第五____________第八____________第十____________*第十二____________第二十____________第三十一____________3.選擇正確的詞填空。*Mybirthdayisonthe______(five/fifth)ofMay.*Ihave______(three/third)books.*Thisisthe______(one/first)lesson.*Thereare______(twelve/twelfth)monthsinayear.五、介詞(Prepositions)介詞表示名詞或代詞與句中其他詞的關(guān)系，通常用于名詞或代詞前。小學(xué)常見介詞：*in:在...里面/某年/某月/某個季節(jié)inthebox,in2023,inMay,inspring*on:在...上面/具體某一天onthedesk,onMonday,onJune1st*at:在...時刻/小地點atsixo’clock,atschool,athome*under:在...下面underthechair*behind:在...后面behindthedoor*beside/nextto:在...旁邊beside/nexttothewindow*between:在...(兩者)之間betweenthetwobooks*with:和...一起/用...withmyfriend,writewithapen*for:為了.../給...agiftforyou,lookfor*from:從...來/離...befrom,from...to...習(xí)題五：介詞練習(xí)用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空(in,on,at,under,behind,beside)。*Mybooksare______thebag.*Wehavelunch______twelveo’clock.*Thepictureis______thewall.*Thereisacat______thetable.*Igetup______themorning.*Helives______Shanghai.*Theballis______thedoor.*Myfriendsits______me.六、形容詞(Adjectives)形容詞用來修飾名詞，表示人或事物的特征。*形容詞放在名詞前。例如：aredflower,abigapple*be動詞后接形容詞。例如：Theskyisblue.Sheishappy.*常見形容詞：big,small,tall,short,long,short,red,blue,happy,sad,good,bad,new,old,young,old,fat,thin.習(xí)題六：形容詞練習(xí)用括號內(nèi)所給形容詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(無需變形，直接填寫)。*Thisisa______(big)elephant.*Therabbithas______(long)ears.*Ifeel______(happy)today.*The______(red)appleissweet.*Myruleris______(short),butyoursis______(long).七、句型轉(zhuǎn)換(SentenceTransformation)1.陳述句變否定句(肯定句中有be動詞或情態(tài)動詞can)*在be動詞或can后面直接加not。*Heisastudent.→Heisnot(isn’t)astudent.*Icanswim.→Icannot(can’t)swim.2.陳述句變一般疑問句(肯定句中有be動詞或情態(tài)動詞can)*將be動詞或can提到句首，句末用問號。第一人稱I/we可變?yōu)榈诙朔Qyou。*Sheishappy.→Isshehappy?*Theycanplayfootball.→Cantheyplayfootball?*Iamagirl.→Areyouagirl?3.對劃線部分提問(簡單特殊疑問句)*確定疑問詞(what,who,where,how,howold,whatcolour等)。*將原句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧?除劃線部分)。*疑問詞+一般疑問句(去掉劃線部分)?*Thisisabook.(對物提問用what)→Whatisthis?*Heisten.(對年齡提問用howold)→Howoldishe?*Theyareinthepark.(對地點提問用where)→Wherearethey?*Theflowerisred.(對顏色提問用whatcolour)→Whatcolouristheflower?習(xí)題七：句型轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí)1.將下列肯定句變?yōu)榉穸ň洹?Iamateacher.→______*Theyareintheroom.→______*Hecanjumphigh.→______2.將下列肯定句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧?，并作肯定和否定回答?Thisisapen.→______?→Yes,______./No,______.*Theycansing.→______?→Yes,______./No,______.3.根據(jù)劃線部分提問。*MynameisLucy.→______?*Iamnineyearsold.→______?*Thecatisonthemat.→____