高一英語物聯(lián)網(wǎng)試題一、閱讀理解（共20分）Passage1TheInternetofThings(IoT)istransforminghowweliveandwork.Imaginewakinguptoasmartalarmthatadjustsitsringtonebasedonyoursleepquality,thenwalkingintoakitchenwhereyourrefrigeratorremindsyoutobuymilk.TheseeverydaymomentsaremadepossiblebyIoT—anetworkofphysicalobjectsembeddedwithsensors,software,andconnectivitytoolsthatexchangedataovertheinternet.IoTdevicesrangefromsimplefitnesstrackerstocomplexindustrialmachines.Inhealthcare,wearablemonitorscansendreal-timeheartratedatatodoctors,allowingforremotepatientcare.FarmersuseIoTsensorstomeasuresoilmoistureandadjustirrigation,reducingwaterwastebyupto30%.Evencitiesarebecoming"smart":streetlightswithmotionsensorsdimautomaticallywhennooneisaround,cuttingenergycostssignificantly.However,IoTalsofaceschallenges.Privacyrisksarisewhendevicescollectpersonaldata,suchashomehabitsorhealthrecords.Securityisanotherconcern—hackerscouldpotentiallycontrolsmarthomesystemsorstealsensitiveinformation.Despitetheseissues,expertspredictthatby2030,over75billionIoTdeviceswillbeinuseworldwide,makingitoneofthemostinfluentialtechnologiesofthecentury.Questions:Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A.ThehistoryofIoTdevelopmentB.ExamplesofIoTindailylifeC.HowtouseIoTdevicessafelyD.ThefutureofsmartcitiesWhichindustryusesIoTtoreducewaterwaste?A.HealthcareB.AgricultureC.TransportationD.EducationWhatisapotentialproblemwithIoT?A.HighcostofdevicesB.LimitedinternetaccessC.PrivacyandsecurityrisksD.Lackofuser-friendlydesignTheword"embedded"inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.hiddenB.attachedC.replacedD.poweredWhatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.IoTwillsoonreplacetraditionaltechnologycompletely.B.IoTdevicesaretooexpensiveforordinaryfamilies.C.IoTwillcontinuetogrowdespiteexistingchallenges.D.MostIoTdevicesareusedinindustrialsettings.Passage2SmarthomesareapopularapplicationofIoT.Atypicalsmarthomesystemconnectsdeviceslikethermostats,cameras,anddoorlocksthroughacentralhub.Userscancontrolthesedevicesviasmartphoneapps,evenwhenthey’reawayfromhome.Forexample,youcanpre-coolyourhouseonahotdayorchecklivefootagefromyoursecuritycamerawhiletraveling.Onekeyadvantageofsmarthomesisenergyefficiency.Smartthermostatslearnyourtemperaturepreferencesandadjustautomatically,savingupto15%onheatingandcoolingbills.Smartlightingsystemsturnofflightsinemptyrooms,andsmartplugscancutpowertounusedelectronics.Thesesmallchangesadduptosignificantenvironmentalbenefits.Anotherbenefitisconvenience.VoiceassistantslikeAlexaorGoogleHomeletyoucontroldeviceswithsimplecommands:"Turnonthelivingroomlights"or"Settheovento180degrees."Forpeoplewithdisabilities,smarthometechnologyoffersgreaterindependence—voice-controlleddoorsorautomatedmedicationreminders,forinstance.Questions:6.Whatisa"centralhub"inasmarthomesystem?A.AdevicethatconnectsallsmartdevicesB.AsmartphoneappforcontrollingdevicesC.AsecuritycamerawithmotionsensorsD.AthermostatthatadjuststemperatureHowdosmartthermostatssaveenergy?A.ByturningoffdeviceswhennotinuseB.BylearninguserhabitsandadjustingsettingsC.ByusingrenewableenergysourcesD.BydimminglightsautomaticallyWhichfeaturehelpspeoplewithdisabilities?A.LivesecuritycamerafootageB.Voice-controlleddevicesC.Energy-savinglightingD.RemotetemperaturecontrolTheword"automated"inthelastparagraphmeans______.A.manualB.digitalC.self-operatingD.battery-poweredWhatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsmarthomes?A.CriticalB.NeutralC.PositiveD.Doubtful二、完形填空（共15分）TheInternetofThings(IoT)ischangingourworldinwaysweneverimagined.Itallstartedwithasimpleidea:connectingeverydayobjectstotheinternettomakethem"smart."Today,IoTdevicesareeverywhere,fromourwriststoourworkplaces.Takethesmartwatch,forexample.Thissmalldevicecantrackyoursteps,monitoryoursleep,andevensendalertsifyourheartratebecomes11)______(abnormal/ordinary).Itsyncswithyourphonetodisplaymessages,soyoudon’thavetotakeyourphoneoutofyourpocket.Forathletes,smartwatchesprovidedetaileddataontheirperformance,helpingthem12)______(improve/ignore)theirtrainingroutines.Infactories,IoTisrevolutionizingproduction.Sensorsonmachinesdetectwhenpartsneedrepair,reducingdowntimeby13)______(preventing/causing)breakdowns.Workerswearsmarthelmetsthatmonitorairqualityandsendwarningsifdangerousgasesaredetected.Thistechnologynotonlymakesjobssaferbutalsoincreases14)______(efficiency/waste)by20-30%.EvenpetsbenefitfromIoT!Smartcollarstrackadog’slocationusingGPSandmonitoritsactivitylevels.Ifyourpetwanderstoofar,you’llgetanotificationonyourphone.Somecollarsevenhavebuilt-incameras,lettingyou15)______(see/hear)yourfurryfriendwhileyou’reatwork.However,IoTisn’twithoutrisks.In2021,amajorcyberattacktargetedsmarthomedevices,allowinghackersto16)______(control/protect)thermostatsandlockownersoutoftheirhouses.Tostaysafe,expertsrecommendusingstrongpasswordsandupdatingdevicesoftware17)______(regularly/rarely).AsIoTcontinuestogrow,itwillcreatenewopportunitiesandchallenges.Fromsmartcitiestopersonalizedhealthcare,thepossibilitiesareendless.Thekeyistobalanceinnovationwithsecurity,ensuringthatIoT18)______(serves/threatens)humanityratherthanharmingit.Choosethebestwordtofillineachblank:11.A.abnormalB.ordinary12.A.improveB.ignore13.A.preventingB.causing14.A.efficiencyB.waste15.A.seeB.hear16.A.controlB.protect17.A.regularlyB.rarely18.A.servesB.threatens三、語法填空（共10分）IoTdevices19)______(become)increasinglycommoninschoolsoverthepastfiveyears.Manyclassroomsnowusesmartwhiteboardsthatconnecttotheinternet,allowingteacherstoshareinteractivelessonswithstudents.SomeschoolsevenhaveIoTsensors20)______monitorairqualityandadjustventilationsystemsautomatically.StudentscanbenefitfromIoTtoo.Forexample,smartbackpackswithGPStrackershelpparentslocatetheirchildren21)______theymisstheschoolbus.Insciencelabs,IoTtoolsletstudentscollectreal-timedataduringexperiments,suchastemperaturechangesorplantgrowthrates.Thismakeslearningmoreengagingand22)______(practice).However,schoolsmustensurethatIoTuse23)______(notviolate)studentprivacy.Datalikelocationoracademicperformanceshouldbeprotectedwithstrictsecuritymeasures.Whenusedresponsibly,IoTcantransformeducationbymakingitmorepersonalizedandefficient.四、任務型閱讀（共10分）Readthepassageandcompletethetablebelow.IoTinAgricultureFarmersareusingIoTtomodernizefarmingpractices.IoTsensorsplacedinfieldsmeasuresoilmoisture,nutrientlevels,andsunlightexposure.Thisdataissenttoacloudplatform,whereAIalgorithmsanalyzeitandsuggestoptimalplantingtimesorfertilizeruse.Dronesequippedwithcamerasmonitorcrophealth,identifyingpestinfestationsordroughtstressearly.LivestockfarmersalsobenefitfromIoT.Smartcollarstrackcows’movementandhealth,alertingfarmersifananimalissickorinjured.Automatedfeedingsystemsdispensefoodbasedoneachanimal’sneeds,reducingwasteandimprovingnutrition.IoTApplicationHowItWorksBenefitSoilsensorsMeasuremoisture,nutrients,andsunlight24)______DroneswithcamerasMonitorcrophealthanddetectproblemsearly25)______SmartcollarsforlivestockTrackmovementandhealthofanimals26)______五、書面表達（共25分）Writea100-wordessayabout"HowIoTWillChangeOurLivesintheNext10Year