2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解詞匯實(shí)戰(zhàn)：高頻詞義與搭配訓(xùn)練試卷考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartIReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneTherapidproliferationofdigitaltechnologyhasfundamentallyalteredthelandscapeofmodernwork,bringingaboutbothunprecedentedopportunitiesandsignificantchallenges.Whiletoolslikevideoconferencing,collaborativesoftware,andcloudstoragehavemaderemotecollaborationandflexibleworkingarrangementspossible,theyhavealsoblurredthelinesbetweenprofessionalandpersonallife,leadingtoconcernsaboutwork-lifebalanceandmentalwell-being.Thisshiftdemandsareevaluationoftraditionalworknormsandthedevelopmentofnewstrategiestomanagethecomplexitiesofadigitalworkplace.Oneofthemostsignificantimpactsofdigitaltechnologyonworkistheriseofthegigeconomy.Platformsconnectingfreelancerswithshort-termprojectshaveempoweredindividualstotakecontroloftheircareers,offeringgreaterautonomyandflexibility.However,thisindependenceoftencomesatthecostofjobsecurityandbenefitstraditionallyprovidedbylong-termemployment.Thelackofastableincomestreamandtheconstantneedtofindnewprojectscancreatefinancialanxietyanduncertaintyforworkersinthisemergingsector.Moreover,thecompetitivenatureofgigworkcanleadtoa'racetothebottom'intermsofwagesandworkingconditions,asindividualscompeteforlimitedopportunities.Anotherchallengeposedbythedigitalworkplaceisthepotentialforisolationanddisconnectionamongremoteemployees.Withoutthespontaneousinteractionsandinformalsocializingthatoccurinphysicalofficeenvironments,individualsmayfeellonelyordisconnectedfromtheircolleaguesandtheorganizationasawhole.Thiscannegativelyimpactteamcohesion,morale,andoverallproductivity.Employersmustthereforeactivelyfosterasenseofcommunityandbelongingamongtheirremoteworkforcethroughvirtualteam-buildingactivities,clearcommunicationchannels,andopportunitiesforsocialconnection.Despitethesechallenges,thebenefitsofdigitaltechnologyintheworkplaceareundeniable.Theabilitytoworkfromanywhere,atanytime,offersunparalleledflexibilityforemployees,allowingthemtobettermanagepersonalcommitmentsandreducecommutingtime.Thisflexibilitycanleadtoincreasedjobsatisfactionandabetterwork-lifebalance.Furthermore,digitaltoolshavemadeitpossibleforbusinessestooperatemoreefficiently,collaborateseamlesslyacrosstimezones,andaccessaglobaltalentpool.Aswecontinuetonavigatetheevolvingnatureofwork,itiscrucialtoleveragetheadvantagesofdigitaltechnologywhilemitigatingitspotentialdownsidesthroughthoughtfulplanningandhuman-centricmanagementpractices.Questions:1.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemainwaysdigitaltechnologyhaschangedthemodernworkplace?2.Whatisapotentialdrawbackofthegigeconomymentionedinthepassage?3.Theword'proliferation'inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:4.Whatissuedoesthepassageidentifyasaresultofremotework?5.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestasawayforemployerstohelpremoteemployeesfeelmoreconnected?PassageTwoSustainabledevelopmenthasbecomeacentral議題inglobalpolicydiscussions,reflectingagrowingrecognitionoftheneedtobalanceeconomicgrowthwithenvironmentalprotectionandsocialequity.Traditionalmodelsofindustrialization,whichprioritizedmaximumoutputandprofitoftenattheexpenseofecologicalsystems,areincreasinglyseenasunsustainableinthelongrun.Asclimatechangeimpactsintensifyandnaturalresourcesbecomescarcer,thesearchforalternativedevelopmentparadigmshasintensified.Oneofthekeyprinciplesunderlyingsustainabledevelopmentistheconceptofintergenerationalequity,whichholdsthatcurrentgenerationshavearesponsibilitytomanagenaturalresourcesinawaythatdoesnotcompromisetheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Thisprinciplechallengestheshort-termprofitfocusofconventionaleconomicsandcallsforamoreholisticapproachthatconsidersthelong-termenvironmentalandsocialconsequencesofdevelopmentdecisions.Implementingintergenerationalequityrequiresshiftsinpolicy,investment,andconsumptionpatterns,movingawayfromresource-intensiveandpollutingpracticestowardsrenewableenergy,circulareconomymodels,andsustainableagriculture.Anothercriticalaspectofsustainabledevelopmentissocialequity,whichemphasizestheneedtoaddressdisparitiesinwealth,accesstoresources,andopportunities.Environmentaldegradationoftendisproportionatelyaffectsvulnerablepopulations,suchaslow-incomecommunitiesandindigenouspeoples,whomaylacktheresourcestoadapttochangingconditionsortomitigatetheimpactsofpollution.Therefore,sustainabledevelopmentmustbeinclusive,ensuringthatthebenefitsofenvironmentalprotectionandeconomicgrowtharesharedwidelyandthatmarginalizedgroupsareempoweredtoparticipateindecision-makingprocesses.Achievingsustainabledevelopmentrequirescollaborationacrossvarioussectorsandscales,fromindividualactionstointernationalagreements.Educationandawareness-raisingplayacrucialroleinfosteringacultureofsustainability,encouragingconsumerstomakeenvironmentallyresponsiblechoicesandworkerstoadvocateforgreenerpracticesintheirindustries.Technologicalinnovation,suchasadvancementsinrenewableenergyandcarboncapture,isalsoessentialfordevelopingsustainablesolutions.Whilethepathtosustainabledevelopmentiscomplexandmultifaceted,theurgentneedtoaddressenvironmentalandsocialchallengesmakesitacriticalpriorityforthe21stcentury.Questions:6.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttraditionalmodelsofindustrialization?7.Accordingtotheconceptofintergenerationalequity,whatistheresponsibilityofcurrentgenerations?8.Theword'disproportionately'inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:9.Whatismentionedasakeyfactorinpromotingsustainabledevelopment?10.Whatdoesthepassageimplyaboutthechallengeofachievingsustainabledevelopment?PassageThreeTheconceptofculturalintelligence(CQ)hasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyearsasorganizationshavebecomeincreasinglyawareoftheimportanceofnavigatingdiverseculturalcontextsintoday'sglobalizedworld.Culturalintelligencereferstoanindividual'sabilitytofunctioneffectivelyinculturallydiversesituations,encompassingcognitiveunderstandingofculturaldifferences,emotionalregulationincross-culturalinteractions,andbehavioraladaptabilityacrossdifferentculturalsettings.Inabusinessenvironmentcharacterizedbyinternationalcollaboration,multiculturalteams,andglobalcompetition,CQhasemergedasacriticalcompetencyforleadersandemployeesalike.Developingculturalintelligencerequiresmorethanjusttoleranceorappreciationforculturaldifferences;itdemandsactiveengagementandlearning.Thisinvolvesacquiringknowledgeaboutdifferentculturalnorms,values,andcommunicationstylesthrougheducation,travel,andexposuretodiverseperspectives.Italsorequiresdevelopingself-awareness,recognizingone'sownculturalbiasesandassumptions,andunderstandinghowthesemightimpactinteractionswithpeoplefromotherbackgrounds.Byfosteringself-awareness,individualscanbecomemoreopen-mindedandreceptivetodifferentwaysofthinkingandapproachingproblems.EmotionalregulationisanotherkeycomponentofCQ.Cross-culturalinteractionscanbefraughtwithmisunderstandingsandunintendedoffenseduetodifferencesincommunicationstyles,nonverbalcues,andinterpersonalexpectations.Individualswithhighculturalintelligenceareadeptatmanagingtheiremotionsinthesesituations,remainingcalmandobjectiveevenwhenfacedwithfrustrationorconfusion.Theycanaccuratelyinterprettheemotionsofothers,demonstratingempathyandbuildingrapportacrossculturaldivides.Thisemotionalresilienceallowsthemtonavigatedifficultconversationsandresolveconflictsconstructively.Behavioraladaptabilitycompletesthetriadofculturalintelligencecompetencies.Beingculturallyintelligentmeansbeingabletoadjustone'sbehaviorandcommunicationstyletofitdifferentculturalcontexts.Thismightinvolvemodifyingone'sapproachtodecision-making,adaptingleadershipstyles,oradjustingcommunicationpatternstobemoreeffectivewithdiverseaudiences.Behavioraladaptabilityisnotaboutabandoningone'sownculturalidentitybutratheraboutbeingflexibleandresponsivetotheneedsandexpectationsofothers.Itrequirescontinuouslearning,reflection,andawillingnesstostepoutsideone'scomfortzone.Inconclusion,culturalintelligenceisavitalskillinourinterconnectedworld.Bycultivatingcognitiveunderstanding,emotionalregulation,andbehavioraladaptability,individualscanenhancetheireffectivenessindiversesettings,fosterinclusiveworkenvironments,andcontributetothesuccessofglobalorganizations.Asthepaceofglobalizationacceleratesandculturaldiversitycontinuestoincrease,theimportanceofCQisonlylikelytogrow,makingitanessentialcompetencyforanyoneoperatingintoday'sinternationalarena.Questions:11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?12.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonewaytodevelopculturalintelligence?13.Theword'addept'inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:14.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutbehavioraladaptability?15.Accordingtothepassage,whyisculturalintelligenceimportantinaglobalizedworld?PassageFourTheriseofsocialmediahasfundamentallytransformedhowpeopleconsumeinformation,interactwithoneanother,andperceivetheirownreality.Whiletheseplatformshavefacilitatedunprecedentedconnectivityandhaveprovidedpowerfultoolsforsocialandpoliticalmobilization,theyhavealsogivenrisetoarangeofchallengesrelatedtomisinformation,mentalhealth,andtheerosionofprivacy.Navigatingthecomplexlandscapeofsocialmediarequiresacriticalapproachandaconsciousefforttomaintainbalanceinourdigitallives.Oneofthemostsignificantchallengesposedbysocialmediaisthespreadofmisinformationanddisinformation.Thelowbarrierstoentryandthespeedatwhichinformationcanspreadonlinehavecreatedanenvironmentwherefalseormisleadingcontentcanrapidlygoviral,oftenwithseriousconsequences.Misinformation,whichisfalseinformationspreadunintentionally,anddisinformation,whichinvolvesthedeliberatecreationanddisseminationoffalsecontent,canunderminepublictrust,influenceelections,andpromoteharmfulideologies.Criticalmedialiteracy—theabilitytoaccess,analyze,evaluate,andcreatemediainvariousforms—isthereforeessentialfornavigatingthisinformationecosystemanddistinguishingcrediblesourcesfromfabricatedones.Anotherconcernistheimpactofsocialmediaonmentalhealth.Theconstantcomparisontoidealizedversionsofothers'livesthatareoftenpresentedontheseplatformscanleadtofeelingsofinadequacy,anxiety,anddepression.Thepressuretomaintainaperfectonlinepersonaandthefearofmissingout(FOMO)cancontributetochronicstressandsocialisolation.Whilesocialmediacanalsoprovidesupportandconnection,particularlyformarginalizedcommunities,thecuratedandoftenunrealisticnatureofonlineinteractionscantakeatollonusers'psychologicalwell-being.Developingdigitalmindfulness—thepracticeofbeingawareofandintentionalaboutone'ssocialmediause—canhelpmitigatethesenegativeeffects.Privacyisyetanotherissueraisedbythepervasivenatureofsocialmedia.Withthevastamountsofpersonaldatacollectedbytheseplatforms,usersoftenhavelittlecontroloverhowtheirinformationisusedandshared.Thisdataisfrequentlyexploitedfortargetedadvertising,politicalmanipulation,andevensurveillance.Thealgorithmsthatpowersocialmediafeedsaredesignedtomaximizeengagement,oftenbyshowinguserscontentthatconfirmstheirexistingbiasesandcreatesechochambers.Thisnotonlylimitsexposuretodiverseperspectivesbutalsoreinforcesharmfulstereotypesandcontributestosocietalpolarization.Advocatingforstrongerdataprotectionregulationsanddemandinggreatertransparencyfromsocialmediacompaniesarecrucialstepstowardaddressingtheseprivacyconcerns.Despitethesechallenges,socialmediaremainsapowerfulforceincontemporarysociety,offeringbothopportunitiesandrisks.Bydevelopingcriticalmedialiteracy,practicingdigitalmindfulness,andengaginginthoughtfulpolicydiscussions,wecanharnessthebenefitsoftheseplatformswhilemitigatingtheirpotentialharms.Thefutureofsocialmediawilldependonourcollectiveabilitytofosteramoreinformed,ethical,andbalanceddigitalenvironment.Questions:16.Whatisonenegativeconsequenceoftheeasewithwhichinformationcanspreadonsocialmedia?17.Accordingtothepassage,whatiscriticalmedialiteracy?18.Theword'pervasive'inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:19.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestasawaytoaddressprivacyconcernsrelatedtosocialmedia?20.Whatisthepassagemainlydiscussing?---試卷答案PartIReadingComprehensionQuestions:1.D*解析思路：文章首段明確指出，數(shù)字技術(shù)“fundamentallyalteredthelandscapeofmodernwork”，即從根本上改變了現(xiàn)代工作的格局。選項(xiàng)D“transformedthenatureofworkandcommunication”意為“改變了工作的性質(zhì)和溝通方式”，與首段核心觀點(diǎn)一致。2.A*解析思路：文章第二段提到，零工經(jīng)濟(jì)的優(yōu)勢(shì)是“greaterautonomyandflexibility”，但隨后指出“However,thisindependenceoftencomesatthecostofjobsecurityandbenefitstraditionallyprovidedbylong-termemployment”。選項(xiàng)A“l(fā)ackofjobsecurityandbenefits”意為“缺乏工作保障和福利”，直接對(duì)應(yīng)了原文中提到的代價(jià)。3.B*解析思路：文章第一段“proliferationofdigitaltechnology”出現(xiàn)在第二句，語境中提到其帶來了“blurredthelinesbetweenprofessionalandpersonallife”。選項(xiàng)B“increase”意為“增加，增長(zhǎng)”，在此處指數(shù)字技術(shù)導(dǎo)致模糊界限的情況增多，與語境吻合。4.C*解析思路：文章第三段明確指出遠(yuǎn)程工作可能導(dǎo)致“isolationanddisconnectionamongremoteemployees”。選項(xiàng)C“feelingofisolationanddisconnection”意為“孤立感和疏離感”，直接對(duì)應(yīng)原文。5.B*解析思路：文章第三段提到遠(yuǎn)程員工感到孤立，并建議雇主“activelyfosterasenseofcommunityandbelongingamongtheirremoteworkforcethroughvirtualteam-buildingactivities,clearcommunicationchannels,andopportunitiesforsocialconnection”。選項(xiàng)B“organizingvirtualteam-buildingactivities”提到了原文中建議的具體措施之一。6.A*解析思路：文章第一段指出傳統(tǒng)工業(yè)化模式“prioritizedmaximumoutputandprofitoftenattheexpenseofecologicalsystems”，即優(yōu)先考慮產(chǎn)出和利潤(rùn)，常常以犧牲生態(tài)系統(tǒng)為代價(jià)。選項(xiàng)A“oftenharmedtheenvironmentinthepursuitofeconomicgrowth”意為“在追求經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的過程中常常損害環(huán)境”，與原文意思一致。7.D*解析思路：文章第二段解釋代際公平原則時(shí)提到，當(dāng)前一代人有責(zé)任“managenaturalresourcesinawaythatdoesnotcompromisetheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds”。選項(xiàng)D“ensurethatfuturegenerationshaveaccesstotheresourcestheyneed”意為“確保未來世代能夠獲得他們需要的資源”，是對(duì)原文責(zé)任的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。8.B*解析思路：文章第三段提到，“Environmentaldegradationoftendisproportionatelyaffectsvulnerablepopulations”。選項(xiàng)B“ismoreseverelyimpactedbyenvironmentalproblems”意為“受到環(huán)境問題更嚴(yán)重的影響”，與原文中“disproportionatelyaffects”的意思相符。9.C*解析思路：文章第四段強(qiáng)調(diào)，“Technologicalinnovation,suchasadvancementsinrenewableenergyandcarboncapture,isalsoessentialfordevelopingsustainablesolutions”。選項(xiàng)C“advancementsintechnology”意為“技術(shù)進(jìn)步”，直接對(duì)應(yīng)原文中提到的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新。10.E*解析思路：文章最后一段指出，實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展“requirescollaborationacrossvarioussectorsandscales,fromindividualactionstointernationalagreements”，并提到“Technologicalinnovation...isalsoessential”。同時(shí)，實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)被描述為“urgentneedtoaddressenvironmentalandsocialchallengesmakesitacriticalpriority”。選項(xiàng)E“isacomplexchallengerequiringmultifacetedefforts”意為“是一項(xiàng)復(fù)雜的挑戰(zhàn)，需要多方面的努力”，準(zhǔn)確概括了原文所暗示的挑戰(zhàn)的復(fù)雜性和實(shí)現(xiàn)難度。11.C*解析思路：文章首段提出核心概念“culturalintelligence(CQ)hasgainedsignificanttraction...asorganizationshavebecomeincreasinglyawareoftheimportanceofnavigatingdiverseculturalcontexts”，即文章旨在解釋文化智能的重要性。選項(xiàng)C“explainingwhyculturalintelligenceisimportantindiverseenvironments”意為“解釋文化智能在多元環(huán)境中的重要性”，符合文章主旨。12.A*解析思路：文章第二段提到，“Developingculturalintelligencerequiresmorethanjusttoleranceorappreciation...itdemandsactiveengagementandlearning.Thisinvolvesacquiringknowledgeaboutdifferentculturalnorms...througheducation,travel,andexposuretodiverseperspectives”。選項(xiàng)A“activelylearningaboutdifferentculturesthroughvariousexperiences”意為“通過各種經(jīng)歷積極學(xué)習(xí)不同文化”，概括了原文中提到的方法。13.E*解析思路：文章第三段描述了在跨文化互動(dòng)中情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力強(qiáng)的個(gè)體“adeptatmanagingtheiremotions...accuratelyinterprettheemotionsofothers”。選項(xiàng)E“skilledinhandlingemotionsandunderstandingothers”意為“擅長(zhǎng)處理情緒和理解他人”，與原文中“adeptat”的意思相近。14.D*解析思路：文章第三段解釋完情緒調(diào)節(jié)后，第四段開頭提到“Behavioraladaptabilitycompletesthetriadofculturalintelligencecompetencies”，并說明其“meansbeingabl