2025年中級語法及翻譯題庫及答案

一、單項選擇題1.Thebook,whichIboughtyesterday,isveryinteresting.Theunderlinedpart“whichIboughtyesterday”isa(n)（）.A.attributiveclauseB.adverbialclauseC.subjectclauseD.objectclause答案：A2.He（）toschoolbybikeeveryday.Buttodayhe（）toschoolbybusbecausehisbikewasbroken.A.goes;wentB.went;goesC.goes;goesD.went;went答案：A3.Ifit（）tomorrow,wewillstayathome.A.rainsB.willrainC.rainedD.israining答案：A4.Thelittleboyisnotoldenough（）himself.A.dressB.todressC.dressingD.dressed答案：B5.Shewassoangrythatshelefttheroomwithout（）aword.A.sayB.sayingC.tosayD.said答案：B6.Theworkersweremade（）fortenhoursadayintheolddays.A.workB.toworkC.workingD.worked答案：B7.Themovieisreallyworth（）.A.watchB.towatchC.watchingD.watched答案：C8.Hehas（）friendshere,soheoftenfeelslonely.A.afewB.fewC.alittleD.little答案：B9.Myparentsoftentellme（）toomuchtimeplayinggames.A.nottospendB.tonotspendC.don'tspendD.notspend答案：A10.—（）haveyoubeentoBeijing?—Threetimes.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowmanytimesD.Howsoon答案：C二、多項選擇題1.Whichofthefollowingsentencesarecorrect?（）A.IhavebeentoParistwice.B.ShehasgonetoLondonforaweek.C.Theyhavebeeninthelibrarysincetwohoursago.D.Hehasboughtthebookforthreedays.答案：AC2.Whichwordscanbeusedtodescribepeople'scharacters?（）A.kindB.friendlyC.handsomeD.honest答案：ABD3.InEnglishgrammar,whichofthefollowingarenounclauses?（）A.Whathesaidistrue.B.Idon'tknowifhewillcome.C.Thefactthatheisillisworrying.D.ThebookwhichIboughtisverygood.答案：ABC4.Whichofthefollowingarecorrectusagesofmodalverbs?（）A.Youmustn'tsmokehere.B.CanIhaveaglassofwater?C.Heshouldtogotobedearly.D.Wemaygototheparktomorrow.答案：ABD5.Whichofthefollowingsentencesusethepassivevoicecorrectly?（）A.ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.B.Thebookhasbeenwrittenbyhimlastyear.C.Englishisspokenallovertheworld.D.Theyweremadetoworkhard.答案：ACD6.Whichofthefollowingwordsareprepositions?（）A.inB.onC.atD.and答案：ABC7.Whichofthefollowingsentencescontainrelativeclauses?（）A.Themanwhoisstandingthereismyteacher.B.Ilikethemoviethatwewatchedlastnight.C.Shetoldmethereasonwhyshewaslate.D.Heisakindpersonandalwayshelpsothers.答案：ABC8.Whichofthefollowingarecorrectformsofadjectivesandadverbs?（）A.Herunsfast.B.Sheisamorebeautifulgirlthanhersister.C.ThisisthemostinterestingbookIhaveeverread.D.Thelittleboyisrealclever.答案：ABC9.Whichofthefollowingarecorrectsentencepatterns?（）A.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.B.Sb.spendsometime/moneyonsth.C.Sb.spendsometime/money(in)doingsth.D.Payattentiontodosth.答案：ABC10.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtoconnectsentences?（）A.andB.butC.howeverD.therefore答案：ABCD三、判斷題1.“IhavebeentoShanghaiforthreedays.”isacorrectsentence.（×）解析：“havebeento”表示“去過某地（已回來）”，不能和一段時間連用，這里應(yīng)該用“havebeenin”。2.Theverb“make”inthesentence“Thebossmadetheworkersworklonghours.”isintheactivevoice.（√）3.“Thatheisrightisobvious.”isasubjectclause.（√）4.Wecansay“Heisenougholdtogotoschool.”（×）解析：“enough”修飾形容詞或副詞時要后置，應(yīng)該是“Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.”5.“Thestudentsarelisteningtotheteachercareful.”isacorrectsentence.（×）解析：修飾動詞“l(fā)istening”要用副詞“carefully”，而不是形容詞“careful”。6.“Ifitwillraintomorrow,wewon'tgotothepark.”iscorrect.（×）解析：在if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，要用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來，應(yīng)該是“Ifitrainstomorrow,wewon'tgotothepark.”7.“Shehasmarriedforfiveyears.”isacorrectsentence.（×）解析：“marry”是短暫性動詞，不能和一段時間連用，這里可以用“hasbeenmarried”。8.“Thebookwhichcoverisredismine.”iscorrect.（×）解析：應(yīng)該是“Thebookwhosecoverisredismine.”，“whose”表示所屬關(guān)系。9.“Hesuggestedthatwewentthereatonce.”iscorrect.（×）解析：suggest表示“建議”時，后面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣“(should)+動詞原形”，即“Hesuggestedthatwe(should)gothereatonce.”10.“Therearealittlepeopleintheroom.”iscorrect.（×）解析：“alittle”修飾不可數(shù)名詞，“people”是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，要用“afew”。四、簡答題1.簡述定語從句和同位語從句的區(qū)別。定語從句是用來修飾先行詞的，對先行詞起限定、修飾作用，關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)一定的句子成分；而同位語從句是對前面名詞的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行補充說明，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，且從句是一個完整的句子。例如：Thenewsthathetoldmeisexciting.（定語從句，“that”在從句中作賓語）；Thenewsthathewonthegameisexciting.（同位語從句，“that”不充當(dāng)成分）。2.說明一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別。一般過去時強調(diào)過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，與現(xiàn)在沒有直接聯(lián)系，常有明確的過去時間狀語，如yesterday,lastyear等；現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或者過去發(fā)生的動作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，沒有明確的過去時間狀語。例如：Isawamovieyesterday.（一般過去時，單純陳述昨天看電影這個動作）；Ihaveseenthismovie.（現(xiàn)在完成時，強調(diào)現(xiàn)在知道這部電影的內(nèi)容）。3.簡述形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成規(guī)則。單音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞，一般在詞尾加-er構(gòu)成比較級，加-est構(gòu)成最高級，如tall-taller-tallest；以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的詞，加-r構(gòu)成比較級，加-st構(gòu)成最高級，如nice-nicer-nicest；以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞，把y變i，再加-er或-est，如happy-happier-happiest；部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，在詞前加more構(gòu)成比較級，加most構(gòu)成最高級，如beautiful-morebeautiful-mostbeautiful。4.簡述賓語補足語的概念及常見類型。賓語補足語是對賓語進(jìn)行補充說明的成分，使得句子的意義更加完整。常見類型有：形容詞作賓語補足語，如Wemadetheroomclean.；名詞作賓語補足語，如Theyelectedhimpresident.；動詞不定式作賓語補足語，如Myparentsoftenaskmetostudyhard.；現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語，如Isawhimplayingfootball.；過去分詞作賓語補足語，如Hehadhishaircut.。五、討論題1.在翻譯過程中，如何處理語法結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的句子？在翻譯語法結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的句子時，首先要仔細(xì)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，確定句子的主干和各個修飾成分。對于長而復(fù)雜的從句，可以采用分譯法，將其拆分成幾個較短的句子分別翻譯，再按照邏輯順序組合起來。對于一些特殊的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，如虛擬語氣、倒裝句等，要準(zhǔn)確理解其含義和功能，在翻譯中體現(xiàn)出來。同時，要結(jié)合上下文，確保譯文在語法和語義上都準(zhǔn)確、通順，符合目標(biāo)語言的表達(dá)習(xí)慣。2.結(jié)合具體例子，談?wù)勅绾卧趯懽髦姓_運用語法知識來提升文章質(zhì)量。比如在描述一個事件發(fā)展過程時，合理運用不同時態(tài)可以使文章更有條理。如描述一次旅行，開頭用一般過去時引出事件“Iwentonatriplastsummer.”，在敘述旅行中的具體活動時，根據(jù)動作先后用不同時態(tài)，“Whenwearrivedatthedestination,wefirstvisitedthelocalmuseum.Thenwewereh