Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthethreequestions.aIwalkthroughthedoorsintothewaitingarea，wherethere’safamiliaratmosphereofboredomandtension.b...laughterproduceschemicalstomakepeoplefeelbetter，whichmeansclowndoctorscanbehelpful.cIspentmuchofthetimewhenIwastherefeelingfrightened...

1

Whatdo“where”，“which”and“when”referto

ineachsentence?2

Whichsentencescontainaclausewithessential

informationandwhichwithextrainformation?Ifyoutakeaway

theclauses，dothesentencesstillmakesense?3

Whichclausesareseparatedbyacomma，theoneswithessentialinformationortheoneswithextrainformation?·where指代thewaitingarea?！hich指代laughterproduceschemicalstomakepeoplefeelbetter?！hen指代muchofthetime。 句c包含一個(gè)有基本信息的從句，句a和句b分別包含一個(gè)有附加信息的從句。若去掉句c的從句，句c含義不完整；若去掉句a和句b中的從句，句a和句b意義仍完整。句a和句b中的從句用逗號(hào)分隔，是含有附加信息的從句。句c是含有基本信息的從句。Canyoufindmoresentenceswithnon-definingattributiveclausesinthereadingpassage?·Peoplesituncomfortably...lookingthrougholdmagazines，allofwhich

havebeenreadhundredsoftimespreviously.·Ispeakwiththeon-dutynurse，who

tellsmethatLara’sparentsrushedhertothehospitalaftershefelloffherbicycle.·Wehaveto...workcloselywiththedoctorsandnurses，who

keepusupdatedoneachpatient.

Readthepassageandrewritethetipsusingnon-definingattributiveclauses.·Goforawalkinthecountryside，________

youcanenjoythebeautifulviewsandapeacefulatmosphere.

·Spendtimewithyourfamilyandfriends，________willactivatechemicalsinyourbraintomakeyoufeelhappier.

·Trytoacceptyourmistakes，_____________youcanlearnalot.·Closeyoureyesandpicturethefuture，________you’vemadeyourdreamscometrue.

wherewhich

throughwhichwhereCompletethejokewiththesentencepartsintheboxusingwho/whichandputcommasinthecorrectposition.haslosthispatiencebynow hethinkswillimpress

Holmesislyingnexttohim hefindsannoyingOneday，SherlockHolmes

andDrWatson

gocamping.Theyputup

theirtentunderthestarsandgotosleep.Suddenly，inthemiddleofthenight，Watsoniswokenup

byHolmes1

.“Watson，”Holmessays，“l(fā)ookupatthestars，andtellmewhattheytellyou.”Notquitesurewhathemeans，WatsonthinksHolmesisjoking2

atthistimeofnight.Evenso，hereplies，“Iseemillionsofstarsandit’squitelikely

therearesomeplanetslikeEarth.Andifso，thismeansthattheremightalsobelifeonotherplanets.”Watsonispleasedwithhisanswer3

.ButHolmes4

shouts，“Watson，lookaround

you!Useyoureyes!Somebody’sstolenourtent!” ，whoislyingnexttohim，whichhefindsannoying，whichhethinkswillimpressHolmes，whohaslosthispatiencebynow，Usinglanguage(1)Non-definingattributiveclauses

1.

Iwalkthroughthedoorsintothewaitingarea,wherethere'safamiliaratmosphereofboredomandtension.進(jìn)入候診區(qū)，這里充斥著常見的厭煩和緊張情緒。關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，對(duì)thewaitingarea進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充和說明，where在定語從句當(dāng)中作地點(diǎn)狀語。2.

Peoplesituncomfortablyonplasticchairs,

lookingthrougholdmagazines,allofwhichhavebeenreadhundredsoftimespreviously.

人們別扭地坐在塑料椅上，翻著那些已經(jīng)被讀過數(shù)百遍的舊雜志?！癮llofwhichhavebeenreadhundredsoftimespreviously”是非限制定語從句，補(bǔ)充說明magazines的情況1.非限制性定語從句的定義：非限制定語從句起補(bǔ)充說明作用，在句子中不充當(dāng)成分，缺少也不會(huì)影響全句的理解，它與主句往往用逗號(hào)隔開,將非限制性定語從句放在句子中間，其前后都需要用逗號(hào)隔開。Mywatch,whichisveryold,stoppedagain.指代對(duì)象指代人指代物主格whowhich,as賓格whomwhich,as所有格ofwhom,whosewhich,ofwhich,whose引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系副詞主要有：when,where1引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞（1）which指物，在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語。Iboughtanovelyesterday，whichwaswrittenbyHanHan.我昨天買了一本小說，是韓寒寫的。（2）who指人，在定語從句中作主語或賓語。Myfather，whohascurlyhair，isanexcellentcook.我的父親有一頭卷發(fā)，他是個(gè)很棒的廚師。（3）whom指人，在定語從句中作賓語。ThisisPeter，whomyouhaven’tmetbefore.這是彼得，你以前沒見過他。（4）whose是關(guān)系代詞who的所有格形式，在從句中作定語。whose通常指人，也可指動(dòng)物或無生命的事物。Theboy,whosefatherisanengineer,studiesveryhard.（5）as既可指人也可指物，在定語從句中作主語或賓語。Heforgottobringhispenwithhim，aswasoftenthecase.他忘了帶筆，這是常有的事。（as在從句中作主語）Asweallknow，waterisessentialforlife.我們都知道，水是生命所必需的。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］（as在從句中作賓語） ◆單句語法填空（1）Ihaveasister,____________isadoctor.（2）Shewaspatientwiththechildren，

herhusbandseldomwas.（3）Thepoet，

poemsarebestloved，oncelivedinthisregion.

（4）ImetProfessorXu，

toldmetheresultoftheelection.（5）Wewonthegame，

weexpected.whowhichwhosewhoas2引as與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，代替整個(gè)主句，對(duì)其進(jìn)行說明，as有“正如....，就像....”之意。若as在從句中作主語，其引導(dǎo)的句子可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。但which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能放在句中。Asweallknow,theearthisround.注意：在非限制性定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞不能用that?！魡尉湔Z法填空（2）

wasoftenthecase，sheforgottobringherhomework.（3）Thisman，

youknow，isgoodfornothing.（4）Theseappletrees，

Iplantedthreeyearsago，havenotproducedanyfruits.（5）Hesaidthathehadneverbeentherebefore，

wasnottrue.

Asaswhichwhich3引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系副詞（1）where在非限制性定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，指代主句中表示地點(diǎn)的詞語。TheywenttoLondon，wheretheystayedforsixmonths.他們?nèi)チ藗惗兀谀莾捍肆鶄€(gè)月。（2）when在非限制性定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語，指代主句中表示時(shí)間的詞語。HewillputoffthepicnicuntilMay1st，whenhewillbefree.他將把野餐推遲到5月1日，那時(shí)他將有空。 ◆單句語法填空（1）Wewillputoffthetripuntilnextweek，

theweathermaybebetter.（2）Wewillbeshownaroundthecity：schools，museumsandotherplaces，

othervisitorsseldomgo.whenwhere5限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句從句不能省略，如果省略整個(gè)句子意思不完整從句可以省略，如果省略整個(gè)句子意思仍然完整先行詞可以用that引導(dǎo)先行詞不可以用that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)詞有時(shí)可以省略引導(dǎo)詞不可以省略主句與從句之間不需要用逗號(hào)隔開主句與從句需要用逗號(hào)隔開從句只修飾先行詞從句既可以修飾先行詞，也可以修飾整個(gè)句子或句子的一部分例句：Ihaveabrotherwhoisateacher.我有一個(gè)當(dāng)老師的弟弟。（我不是只有這個(gè)弟弟，還有其他弟弟）Ihaveabrother,whoisateacher.我有一個(gè)弟弟，他是當(dāng)老師的。（我只有一個(gè)弟弟，這個(gè)弟弟是當(dāng)老師的）1.Theexamturnedouttobeveryeasy,______Ihadn’texpected.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.it

答案：C這里指“這場(chǎng)考試非常容易是我沒有預(yù)料到的”用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，that常用于限制性定語從句中，故選C。2.Ididn’trecognizethegirlswereforeigners,_________Eng