2025年托?？荚囬喿x真題模擬模擬試卷：冬季氣候變化氣候變化適應(yīng)考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選詞填空要求：從下面的詞匯中，選擇最合適的詞填入每個句子的空白處，使句子意思完整、準(zhǔn)確。每個詞匯只能使用一次。1.Theincreasingfrequencyofextremeweathereventsinpolarregionsisprimarilyattributedto______changesinglobalatmosphericcirculationpatterns.A.fluctuatingB.abruptC.gradualD.persistentE.unpredictableF.localizedG.seasonalH.cyclical2.CoastalcommunitiesinArcticregionsfacesignificantchallengesduetothe______erosioncausedbyrisingsealevelsandthawingpermafrost.A.minimalB.moderateC.incrementalD.acceleratedE.superficialF.intermittentG.gradualH.localized3.Manyspeciesofmigratorybirdshaveadjustedtheir______tocopewiththeshiftingtimingofseasonaleventslikefloweringandinsectavailability.A.migrationroutesB.breedingpatternsC.feedinghabitsD.populationsizesE.habitatpreferencesF.physiologicalresponsesG.behavioraladaptationsH.geneticdiversity4.Thethinningofpolaricecapshasdirectconsequencesforglobaloceancurrents,potentiallyleadingto______inregionalclimateconditions.A.stabilityB.predictabilityC.variabilityD.uniformityE.consistencyF.stabilizationG.equilibriumH.homogeneity5.IndigenouspopulationsintheArctichavedeveloped______knowledgesystemsovercenturiestonavigatethechangingenvironmentalconditions.A.limitedB.fragmentedC.sophisticatedD.rudimentaryE.outdatedF.incompleteG.intuitiveH.primitive6.Thelossofseaiceaffectsnotonlymarinemammalsbutalsothe______thatdependonthemforfood.A.predatorsB.preyC.scavengersD.herbivoresE.omnivoresF.carnivoresG.insectsH.fish7.ClimatemodelspredictthattheArcticwillcontinuetowarmata______ratecomparedtotheglobalaverageinthecomingdecades.A.slowerB.fasterC.similarD.inconsistentE.variableF.stableG.erraticH.moderate8.Themeltingpermafrostreleasesgreenhousegases,creatinga______feedbackloopthatacceleratesclimatechange.A.stabilizingB.mitigatingC.reinforcingD.neutralizingE.dampeningF.balancingG.counteractingH.buffering9.SomeplantsintheArctichaveevolved______tosurvivetheharshconditionsandincreasingtemperatures.A.resistanceB.toleranceC.dependenceD.vulnerabilityE.resilienceF.fragilityG.sensitivityH.adaptability10.Theretreatofglaciersnotonlyaffectslocalwatersuppliesbutalsoaltersthe______ofriversystems.A.flowB.courseC.depthD.widthE.volumeF.speedG.directionH.pressure二、閱讀理解要求：閱讀下面的文章，然后根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容回答問題。請將答案寫在答題卡上。TheArcticisexperiencingsomeofthemostrapidandsevereclimatechangesonEarth,withfar-reachingconsequencesforbothnaturalecosystemsandhumancommunities.Oneofthemoststrikingmanifestationsofthiswarmingtrendisthesignificantreductioninseaiceextentandthickness.ThisdeclinehasprofoundeffectsontheArcticmarineenvironment,alteringthehabitatofnumerousspeciesanddisruptingtraditionalwaysoflifeforindigenouspeoples.Thelossofseaicedirectlyimpactsmarinemammalssuchaspolarbears,whichrelyonitforhuntingsealsandforrestingandbreeding.Astheicediminishes,theseanimalsfaceincreaseddifficultyinfindingfoodandsuitablehabitats,leadingtopopulationdeclines.Similarly,thereductioninicecoveraffectstheentiremarinefoodweb,fromphytoplanktontotoppredators.Thechangesinicedynamicsalsoinfluenceoceancurrents,whichplayacrucialroleindistributingheataroundtheplanet.Alteredcurrentscanleadtoshiftsinregionalclimatepatterns,affectingweathersystemsfarbeyondtheArctic.CoastalcommunitiesinArcticregionsareparticularlyvulnerabletotheconsequencesofclimatechange.Risingsealevels,drivenbythemeltingoficecapsandglaciers,threatentoinundatelow-lyingareasanderodecoastlines.Thisposesasignificantrisktoinfrastructure,traditionalhousing,andculturalheritagesites.Additionally,thethawingofpermafrost,thefrozengroundthatunderpinsmuchoftheArcticlandscape,canleadtolandsubsidence,damagetobuildings,andthereleaseoftrappedgreenhousegases.Indigenouspopulationshavelongbeenobservingandadaptingtothechangingenvironmentthroughtheirtraditionalknowledgesystems.However,thepaceofcurrentclimatechangeisunprecedented,makingitincreasinglydifficultforthesecommunitiestomaintaintheirlivelihoodsandculturalpractices.Theshiftingtimingofseasonalevents,suchastheavailabilityoffoodsourcesandtheonsetoffreeze-up,disruptstraditionalhuntingandfishingschedules,forcingmanytoadoptnewstrategiesforsurvival.ScientificresearchhasbeencrucialinunderstandingtheextentandimpactsofArcticclimatechange.Climatemodelspredictthattheregionwillcontinuetowarmatafasterratethantheglobalaverage,leadingtofurtherreductionsinseaiceandpermafrostthaw.Thesemodelsalsoindicatethatthefeedbackloopscreatedbymeltingiceandthawingpermafrostwillacceleratetherateofclimatechange,makingitevenmorechallengingtomitigateitseffects.Inresponsetothesechallenges,internationaleffortshavebeenunderwaytomonitorandaddresstheimpactsofclimatechangeintheArctic.InitiativessuchastheArcticCouncilandvariousresearchcollaborationsaimtoshareknowledge,supportadaptationstrategies,andpromotesustainabledevelopmentintheregion.However,thescaleoftheproblemrequiresglobalcooperationandacommitmenttoreducinggreenhousegasemissionstoslowdownthepaceofwarming.Despitethechallenges,thereishopethatthroughacombinationoftraditionalknowledgeandscientificinnovation,communitiesintheArcticcanadapttothechangingenvironment.Bylearningfromthepastandembracingnewtechnologies,theycanbuildresilienceandensurethesustainabilityoftheirwayoflife.TheeffortsofthesecommunitiesnotonlybenefitthosewholiveintheArcticbutalsocontributetoourbroaderunderstandingofclimatechangeanditsimpactsontheplanet.1.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemostsignificanteffectsofthereductioninseaiceintheArctic?A.Itleadstoincreasedprecipitationintheregion.B.Itdisruptsthehabitatofmarinemammalsandaffectsthemarinefoodweb.C.Itcausesthepermafrosttothawmorerapidly.D.Itresultsinhighersealevelsandcoastalerosion.E.Italtersthecourseofmajoroceancurrents.2.HowdoclimatemodelspredicttheArcticwillchangeinthecomingdecades?A.TheArcticwillexperienceaslowerrateofwarmingcomparedtotheglobalaverage.B.TheArcticwillwarmatasimilarratetootherregionsoftheworld.C.TheArcticwillcontinuetowarmatafasterratethantheglobalaverage.D.TheArcticwillseeadecreaseintemperaturesduetoincreasedcloudcover.E.TheArcticwillremainstableintermsoftemperatureandicecover.3.WhatchallengesdoindigenouspopulationsintheArcticfaceduetoclimatechange?A.Theystrugglewithalackoffreshwaterduetomeltingglaciers.B.Theyexperiencedifficultiesinmaintainingtraditionalhuntingandfishingpractices.C.TheyfaceincreasedcompetitionforresourcesfromotherArcticcommunities.D.Theysufferfromadeclineinpopulationduetoharshlivingconditions.E.Theyareforcedtoabandontheirtraditionalknowledgesystems.4.WhatroledooceancurrentsplayinthecontextofArcticclimatechange?A.Theyhelptostabilizetheclimatebydistributingheataroundtheplanet.B.Theycausethepermafrosttothawmorequickly.C.TheyleadtotheformationofmoreseaiceintheArctic.D.Theydisruptthemarinefoodwebbyalteringnutrientdistribution.E.TheyhavenosignificantimpactontheArcticclimate.5.WhatinternationaleffortsarebeingmadetoaddresstheimpactsofclimatechangeintheArctic?A.TheArcticCouncilisworkingtopromoteunsustainabledevelopmentintheregion.B.Researchcollaborationsarefocusingonincreasinggreenhousegasemissions.C.Initiativesarebeingundertakentomonitorandaddresstheimpactsofclimatechange.D.EffortsarebeingmadetoignoretheeffectsofclimatechangeintheArctic.E.Theinternationalcommunityisnottakinganyactiontomitigateclimatechange.6.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheArcticisexperiencingrapidclimatechange,withsignificanteffectsonnaturalecosystemsandhumancommunities.B.IndigenouspopulationsintheArctichavedevelopedsophisticatedknowledgesystemstoadapttothechangingenvironment.C.ClimatemodelspredictthattheArcticwillcontinuetowarmatafasterratethantheglobalaverage.D.InternationaleffortsarebeingmadetoaddresstheimpactsofclimatechangeintheArctic.E.Thelossofseaicedirectlyimpactsmarinemammalsanddisruptstraditionalwaysoflifeforindigenouspeoples.三、句子匹配要求：下面有八個句子，分別對應(yīng)文章中的八個段落或部分。請將每個句子與其在文章中對應(yīng)的段落或部分用字母標(biāo)出來。每個段落或部分只能使用一次。1.Thethinningofpolaricecapshasdirectconsequencesforglobaloceancurrents,potentiallyleadingtovariabilityinregionalclimateconditions.A.Theretreatofglaciersnotonlyaffectslocalwatersuppliesbutalsoaltersthecourseofriversystems.B.ClimatemodelspredictthattheArcticwillcontinuetowarmatafasterratecomparedtotheglobalaverage.C.Thelossofseaicedirectlyimpactsmarinemammalssuchaspolarbears,whichrelyonitforhuntingsealsandforrestingandbreeding.D.IndigenouspopulationsintheArctichavedevelopedsophisticatedknowledgesystemsovercenturiestonavigatethechangingenvironmentalconditions.E.Themeltingpermafrostreleasesgreenhousegases,creatingareinforcingfeedbackloopthatacceleratesclimatechange.F.TheeffortsofthesecommunitiesnotonlybenefitthosewholiveintheArcticbutalsocontributetoourbroaderunderstandingofclimatechangeanditsimpactsontheplanet.G.Thereductioninicecoveraffectstheentiremarinefoodweb,fromphytoplanktontotoppredators.H.TheArcticisexperiencingsomeofthemostrapidandsevereclimatechangesonEarth,withfar-reachingconsequencesforbothnaturalecosystemsandhumancommunities.2.Manyspeciesofmigratorybirdshaveadjustedtheirbreedingpatternstocopewiththeshiftingtimingofseasonaleventslikefloweringandinsectavailability.A.Theretreatofglaciersnotonlyaffectslocalwatersuppliesbutalsoaltersthecourseofriversystems.B.ClimatemodelspredictthattheArcticwillcontinuetowarmatafasterratecomparedtotheglobalaverage.C.Thelossofseaicedirectlyimpactsmarinemammalssuchaspolarbears,whichrelyonitforhuntingsealsandforrestingandbreeding.D.IndigenouspopulationsintheArctichavedevelopedsophisticatedknowledgesystemsovercenturiestonavigatethechangingenvironmentalconditions.E.Themeltingpermafrostreleasesgreenhousegases,creatingareinforcingfeedbackloopthatacceleratesclimatechange.F.TheeffortsofthesecommunitiesnotonlybenefitthosewholiveintheArcticbutalsocontributetoourbroaderunderstandingofclimatechangeanditsimpactsontheplanet.G.Thereductioninicecoveraffectstheentiremarinefoodweb,fromphytoplanktontotoppredators.H.TheArcticisexperiencingsomeofthemostrapidandsevereclimatechangesonEarth,withfar-reachingconsequencesforbothnaturalecosystemsandhumancommunities.3.CoastalcommunitiesinArcticregionsareparticularlyvulnerabletotheconsequencesofclimatechange,suchasrisingsealevelsandthawingpermafrost.A.Theretreatofglaciersnotonlyaffectslocalwatersuppliesbutalsoaltersthecourseofriversystems.B.ClimatemodelspredictthattheArcticwillcontinuetowarmatafasterratecomparedtotheglobalaverage.C.Thelossofseaicedirectlyimpactsmarinemammalssuchaspolarbears,whichrelyonitforhuntingsealsandforrestingandbreeding.D.IndigenouspopulationsintheArctichavedevelopedsophisticatedknowledgesystemsovercenturiestonavigatethechangingenvironmentalconditions.E.Themeltingpermafrostreleasesgreenhousegases,creatingareinforcingfeedbackloopthatacceleratesclimatechange.F.TheeffortsofthesecommunitiesnotonlybenefitthosewholiveintheArcticbutalsocontributetoourbroaderunderstandingofclimatechangeanditsimpactsontheplanet.G.Thereductioninicecoveraffectstheentiremarinefoodweb,fromphytoplanktontotoppredators.H.TheArcticisexperiencingsomeofthemostrapidandsevereclimatechangesonEarth,withfar-reachingconsequencesforbothnaturalecosystemsandhumancommunities.4.Thelossofseaiceaffectsnotonlymarinemammalsbutalsothepreythatdependonthemforfood.A.Theretreatofglaciersnotonlyaffectslocalwatersuppliesbutalsoaltersthecourseofriversystems.B.ClimatemodelspredictthattheArcticwillcontinuetowarmatafasterratecomparedtotheglobalaverage.C.Thelossofseaicedirectlyimpactsmarinemammalssuchaspolarbears,whichrelyonitforhuntingsealsandforrestingandbreeding.D.IndigenouspopulationsintheArctichavedevelopedsophisticatedknowledgesystemsovercenturiestonavigatethechangingenvironmentalconditions.E.Themeltingpermafrostreleasesgreenhousegases,creatingareinforcingfeedbackloopthatacceleratesclimatechange.F.TheeffortsofthesecommunitiesnotonlybenefitthosewholiveintheArcticbutalsocontributetoourbroaderunderstandingofclimatechangeanditsimpactsontheplanet.G.Thereductioninicecoveraffectstheentiremarinefoodweb,fromphytoplanktontotoppredators.H.TheArcticisexperiencingsomeofthemostrapidandsevereclimatechangesonEarth,withfar-reachingconsequencesforbothnaturalecosystemsandhumancommunities.5.Indigenouspopulationshavelongbeenobservingandadaptingtothechangingenvironmentthroughtheirtraditionalknowledgesystems,butthecurrentrateofchangeisunprecedented.A.Theretreatofglaciersnotonlyaffectslocalwatersuppliesbutalsoaltersthecourseofriversystems.B.ClimatemodelspredictthattheArcticwillcontinuetowarmatafasterratecomparedtotheglobalaverage.C.Thelossofseaicedirectlyimpactsmarinemammalssuchaspolarbears,whichrelyonitforhuntingsealsandforrestingandbreeding.D.IndigenouspopulationsintheArctichavedevelopedsophisticatedknowledgesystemsovercenturiestonavigatethechangingenvironmentalconditions.E.Themeltingpermafrostreleasesgreenhousegases,creatingareinforcingfeedbackloopthatacceleratesclimatechange.F.TheeffortsofthesecommunitiesnotonlybenefitthosewholiveintheArcticbutalsocontributetoourbroaderunderstandingofclimatechangeanditsimpactsontheplanet.G.Thereductioninicecoveraffectstheentiremarinefoodweb,fromphytoplanktontotoppredators.H.TheArcticisexperiencingsomeofthemostrapidandsevereclimatechangesonEarth,withfar-reachingconsequencesforbothnaturalecosystemsandhumancommunities.6.Themeltingofpermafrostreleasesgreenhousegases,creatingareinforcingfeedbackloopthatacceleratesclimatechange.A.Theretreatofglaciersnotonlyaffectslocalwatersuppliesbutalsoaltersthecourseofriversystems.B.ClimatemodelspredictthattheArcticwillcontinuetowarmatafasterratecomparedtotheglobalaverage.C.Thelossofseaicedirectlyimpactsmarinemammalssuchaspolarbears,whichrelyonitforhuntingsealsandforrestingandbreeding.D.IndigenouspopulationsintheArctichavedevelopedsophisticatedknowledgesystemsovercenturiestonavigatethechangingenvironmentalconditions.E.Themeltingpermafrostreleasesgreenhousegases,creatingareinforcingfeedbackloopthatacceleratesclimatechange.F.TheeffortsofthesecommunitiesnotonlybenefitthosewholiveintheArcticbutalsocontributetoourbroaderunderstandingofclimatechangeanditsimpactsontheplanet.G.Thereductioninicecoveraffectstheentiremarinefoodweb,fromphytoplanktontotoppredators.H.TheArcticisexperiencingsomeofthemostrapidandsevereclimatechangesonEarth,withfar-reachingconsequencesforbothnaturalecosystemsandhumancommunities.7.WhatinternationaleffortsarebeingmadetoaddresstheimpactsofclimatechangeintheArctic?A.Theretreatofglaciersnotonlyaffectslocalwatersuppliesbutalsoaltersthecourseofriversystems.B.ClimatemodelspredictthattheArcticwillcontinuetowarmatafasterratecomparedtotheglobalaverage.C.Thelossofseaicedirectlyimpactsmarinemammalssuchaspolarbears,whichrelyonitforhuntingsealsandforrestingandbreeding.D.IndigenouspopulationsintheArctichavedevelopedsophisticatedknowledgesystemsovercenturiestonavigatethechangingenvironmentalconditions.E.Themeltingpermafrostreleasesgreenhousegases,creatingareinforcingfeedbackloopthatacceleratesclimatechange.F.TheeffortsofthesecommunitiesnotonlybenefitthosewholiveintheArcticbutalsocontributetoourbroaderunderstandingofclimatechangeanditsimpactsontheplanet.G.Thereductioninicecoveraffectstheentiremarinefoodweb,fromphytoplanktontotoppredators.H.TheArcticisexperiencingsomeofthemostrapidandsevereclimatechangesonEarth,withfar-reachingconsequencesforbothnaturalecosystemsandhumancommunities.8.ThemainideaofthepassageisthattheArcticisexperiencingrapidclimatechange,whichhassignificanteffectsonbothnaturalecosystemsandhumancommunities.A.Theretreatofglaciersnotonlyaffectslocalwatersuppliesbutalsoaltersthecourseofriversystems.B.ClimatemodelspredictthattheArcticwillcontinuetowarmatafasterratecomparedtotheglobalaverage.C.Thelossofseaicedirectlyimpactsmarinemammalssuchaspolarbears,whichrelyonitforhuntingsealsandforrestingandbreeding.D.IndigenouspopulationsintheArctichavedevelopedsophisticatedknowledgesystemsovercenturiestonavigatethechangingenvironmentalconditions.E.Themeltingpermafrostreleasesgreenhousegases,creatingareinforcingfeedbackloopthatacceleratesclimatechange.F.TheeffortsofthesecommunitiesnotonlybenefitthosewholiveintheArcticbutalsocontributetoourbroaderunderstandingofclimatechangeanditsimpactsontheplanet.G.Thereductioninicecoveraffectstheentiremarinefoodweb,fromphytoplanktontotoppredators.H.TheArcticisexperiencingsomeofthemostrapidandsevereclimatechangesonEarth,withfar-reachingconsequencesforbothnaturalecosystemsandhumancommunities.四、短文改錯要求：下面有一篇關(guān)于北極氣候變化適應(yīng)性的短文，其中包含十個錯誤。請找出每個錯誤，并寫出修正后的句子。每個錯誤只能有一個，并且不得改變句子結(jié)構(gòu)。TheArcticisfacingsomeofthemostrapidandsevereclimatechangesonEarth,whichhasledtosignificantimpactsonbothnaturalecosystemsandhumancommunities.Oneofthemoststrikingmanifestationsofthiswarmingtrendisthesignificantreductioninseaiceextentandthickness.ThisdeclinehasprofoundeffectsontheArcticmarineenvironment,alteringthehabitatofnumerousspeciesanddisruptingtraditionalwaysoflifeforindigenouspeoples.Thelossofseaicedirectlyimpactsmarinemammalssuchaspolarbears,whichrelyonitforhuntingsealsandforrestingandbreeding.Astheicediminishes,theseanimalsfaceincreaseddifficultyinfindingfoodandsuitablehabitats,leadingtopopulationdeclines.Thereductioninicecoveraffectstheentiremarinefoodweb,fromphytoplanktontotoppredators.CoastalcommunitiesinArcticregionsareparticularlyvulnerabletotheconsequencesofclimatechange,suchasrisingsealevelsandthawingpermafrost.Theretreatofglaciersnotonlyaffectslocalwatersuppliesbutalsoaltersthecourseofriversystems.IndigenouspopulationsintheArctichavedevelopedsophisticatedknowledgesystemsovercenturiestonavigatethechangingenvironmentalconditions.However,thepaceofcurrentclimatechangeisunprecedented,makingitincreasinglydifficultforthesecommunitiestomaintaintheirlivelihoodsandculturalpractices.Themeltingpermafrostreleasesgreenhousegases,creatingareinforcingfeedbackloopthatacceleratesclimatechange.ClimatemodelspredictthattheArcticwillcontinuetowarmatafasterratecomparedtotheglobalaverage,leadingtofurtherreductionsinseaiceandpermafrostthaw.Thesemodelsalsoindicatethatthefeedbackloopscreatedbymeltingiceandthawingpermafrostwillacceleratetherateofclimatechange,makingitevenmorechallengingtomitigateitseffects.InternationaleffortshavebeenunderwaytomonitorandaddresstheimpactsofclimatechangeintheArctic.TheArcticCouncilandvariousresearchcollaborationsaimtoshareknowledge,supportadaptationstrategies,andpromotesustainabledevelopmentintheregion.TheeffortsofthesecommunitiesnotonlybenefitthosewholiveintheArcticbutalsocontributetoourbroaderunderstandingofclimatechangeanditsimpactsontheplanet.1.TheArcticisfacingsomeofthemostrapidandsevereclimatechangesonEarth,whichhasledtosignificantimpactsonbothnaturalecosystemsandhumancommunities.Correctedsentence:TheArcticisfacingsomeofthemostrapidandsevereclimatechangesonEarth,whichhaveledtosignificantimpactsonbothnaturalecosystemsandhumancommunities.2.Oneofthemoststrikingmanifestationsofthiswarmingtrendisthesignificantreductioninseaiceextentandthickness.Correctedsentence:Oneofthemoststrikingmanifestationsofthiswarmingtrendisthesignificantreductioninseaiceextentandthickness.3.ThisdeclinehasprofoundeffectsontheArcticmarineenvironment,alteringthehabitatofnumerousspeciesanddisruptingtraditionalwaysoflifeforindigenouspeoples.Correctedsentence:ThisdeclinehasprofoundeffectsontheArcticmarineenvironment,alteringthehabitatofnumerousspeciesanddisruptingtraditionalwaysoflifeforindigenouspeoples.4.Thelossofseaicedirectlyimpactsmarinemammalssuchaspolarbears,whichrelyonitforhuntingsealsandforrestingandbreeding.Correctedsentence:Thelossofseaicedirectlyimpactsmarinemammalssuchaspolarbears,whichrelyonitforhuntingsealsandforrestingandbreeding.5.Astheicediminishes,theseanimalsfaceincreaseddifficultyinfindingfoodandsuitablehabitats,leadingtopopulationdeclines.Correctedsentence:Astheicediminishes,theseanimalsfaceincreaseddifficultyinfindingfoodandsuitablehabitats,leadingtopopulationdeclines.6.Thereductioninicecoveraffectstheentiremarinefoodweb,fromphytoplanktontotoppredators.Correctedsentence:Thereductioninicecoveraffectstheentiremarinefoodweb,fromphytoplanktontotoppredators.7.CoastalcommunitiesinArcticregionsareparticularlyvulnerabletotheconsequencesofclimatechange,suchasrisingsealevelsandthawingpermafrost.Correctedsentence:CoastalcommunitiesinArcticregionsareparticularlyvulnerabletotheconsequencesofclimatechange,suchasrisingsealevelsandthawingpermafrost.8.Theretreatofglaciersnotonlyaffectslocalwatersuppliesbutalsoaltersthecourseofriversystems.Correctedsentence:Theretreatofglaciersnotonlyaffectslocalwatersuppliesbutalsoaltersthecourseofriversystems.9.IndigenouspopulationsintheArctichavedevelopedsophisticatedknowledgesystemsovercenturiestonavigatethechangingenvironmentalconditions.Correctedsentence:IndigenouspopulationsintheArctichavedevelopedsophisticatedknowledgesystemsovercenturiestonavigatethechangingenvironmentalconditions.10.However,thepaceofcurrentclimatechangeisunprecedented,makingitincreasinglydifficultforthesecommunitiestomaintaintheirlivelihoodsandculturalpractices.Correctedsentence:However,thepaceofcurrentclimatechangeisunprecedented,makingitincreasinglydifficultforthesecommunitiestomaintaintheirlivelihoodsandculturalpractices.本次試卷答案如下一、選詞填空1.B解析：文中提到“極端天氣事件的增加主要歸因于全球大氣環(huán)流模式的______變化”，結(jié)合上下文，這里強調(diào)的是變化是突然的、劇烈的，所以選abrupt（突然的）。2.D解析：文中提到“沿海社區(qū)面臨嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)，因為上升的海平面和融化的多年凍土導(dǎo)致______侵蝕”，結(jié)合上下文，海平面上升和多年凍土融化加速了侵蝕過程，所以選accelerated（加速的）。3.B解析：文中提到“許多遷徙鳥類已經(jīng)調(diào)整了它們的______來適應(yīng)季節(jié)性事件的shiftingtiming，如開花和昆蟲可用性”，結(jié)合上下文，這里指的是遷徙鳥類的繁殖模式適應(yīng)了季節(jié)性事件的變化，所以選breedingpatterns（繁殖模式）。4.C解析：文中提到“極地冰蓋的變薄對全球洋流有直接影響，可能導(dǎo)致regionalclimateconditions的______”，結(jié)合上下文，冰蓋變薄會擾亂洋流，導(dǎo)致區(qū)域氣候條件發(fā)生變化，所以選variability（變化性）。5.C解析：文中提到“北極的原住民在幾個世紀(jì)以來發(fā)展了______知識體系來導(dǎo)航不斷變化的環(huán)境條件”，結(jié)合上下文，原住民的知識體系是復(fù)雜和精細(xì)的，所以選sophisticated（復(fù)雜的）。6.B解析：文中提到“海冰的喪失不僅影響海洋哺乳動物，還影響依賴它們獲取食物的______”，結(jié)合上下文，這里指的是海冰的喪失影響了以海洋哺乳動物為食的動物，即獵物，所以選prey（獵物）。7.B解析：文中提到“氣候模型預(yù)測，在未來幾十年里，北極的氣溫將比全球平均氣溫______”，結(jié)合上下文，氣候模型預(yù)測北極的氣溫上升速度更快，所以選faster（更快的）。8.C解析：文中提到“融化的多年凍土釋放出溫室氣體，形成一個______反饋回路，加速氣候變化”，結(jié)合上下文，融化的多年凍土釋放溫室氣體，進(jìn)一步加劇了氣候變化，所以選reinforcing（增強的）。9.E解析：文中提到“北極的一些植物已經(jīng)進(jìn)化出______來生存惡劣的環(huán)境和不斷升高的溫度”，結(jié)合上下文，植物進(jìn)化出了適應(yīng)能力，所以選resilience（適應(yīng)能力）。10.B解析：文中提到“冰川的退縮不僅影響當(dāng)?shù)氐乃?yīng)，還改變了河流的______”，結(jié)合上下文，冰川退縮改變了河流的流向，所以選course（流向）。二、閱讀理解1.B解析：文章第一段提到“北極正在經(jīng)歷地球上最快速和最嚴(yán)重的氣候變化之一，對自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和人類社區(qū)產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。這種變暖趨勢最顯著的表現(xiàn)是海冰范圍和厚度的顯著減少。這種減少對北極海洋環(huán)境產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響，改變了眾多物種的棲息地，并破壞了原住民的傳統(tǒng)生活方式。海冰的喪失直接影響海洋哺乳動物，如北極熊，它們依賴海冰捕獵海豹和休息、繁殖。隨著冰層的減少，這些動物在尋找食物和適宜的棲息地方面面臨更大的困難，導(dǎo)致人口下降。海冰范圍的減少影響了從浮游植物到頂級捕食者的整個海洋食物鏈?！彼源鸢甘荁。2.C解析：文章第二段提到“氣候模型預(yù)測，在未來幾十年里，北極的氣溫將比全球平均氣溫上升得更快?！彼源鸢甘荂。3.B解析：文章第三段提到“北極的原住民長期以來通過他們的傳統(tǒng)知識體系觀察和適應(yīng)不斷變化的環(huán)境，但目前氣候變化的速度是前所未有的，這使得這些社區(qū)越來越難以維持他們的生計和文化習(xí)俗?！彼源鸢甘荁。4.A解析：文章第一段提到“這種變暖趨勢最顯著的表現(xiàn)是海冰范圍和厚度的顯著減少。這種減少對北極海洋環(huán)境產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響，改變了眾多物種的棲息地，并破壞了原住民的傳統(tǒng)生活方式。海冰的喪失直接影響海洋哺乳動物，如北極熊，它們依賴海冰捕獵海豹和休息、繁殖。隨著冰層的減少，這些動物在尋找食物和適宜的棲息地方面面臨更大的困難，導(dǎo)致人口下降。海冰范圍的減少影響了從浮游植物到頂級捕食者的整個海洋食