第第頁浙江省杭州名校2022學年高一上學期英語期中考試一、閱讀理解閱讀理解Wehopeyouhadamemorableyearinresidence!Studentsmustmoveoutoftheirresidencehallwithin24hoursoftheirlastexam.Pleasereadthefollowinginformationcarefullytoensureasmoothmove-out.PrepareforMove-outInspectionHousingstaffwillconductmove-outinspections.Chargesmaybeassessedforanycleaning,missingitemsordamages(beyondnormalwearandtear)thatwerenotreportedatmove-in.Prepareyourroomfortheinspectionbyfollowingtheitemsbelow.●Removeallpersonalbelongingsyoumayhavebroughtin.●Removealltrash.●Vacuumorsweepthefloor,includingunderneaththebeds.●Restoreyourroomtoitsinitialconditionatcheck-in(includingfurnitureset-up).ForwardYourMailOnceyouhavemovedout,HousingServiceswillnolongerbetakingmailonyourbehalf.Pleaseemptyyourmailboxandupdateyourmailingaddresspriortoyourdeparture.Failuretoupdateaforwardingaddresswillresultinmailbeingreturnedtosender.CheckOutandReturnYourKeysOnmove-outday,studentsarelimitedtotwopeopletohelpthemmoveout.Theymayparkinresidentialparkingzoneswithatemporarymove-outloadingpermit.ResidentsmustreturnallkeystotheHousingServicesOfficedropbox.Donotleaveyourkeysinyourroomorrelyonyourfriendtoreturnthemforyou.Delayscausedbydoingsowillresultinadditionalcosts.1．Whichsectionofawebsiteisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A．Financialaid. B．Academicadvising.C．Campusliving. D．Recreationfacilities.2．Whatwillhappentothemailwhenyoufailtoupdateyouraddress?A．Itwillbedroppedinyourformermailbox.B．Itwillbeforwardedtoyournewaddress.C．ItwillbeheldbytheHousingServices.D．Itwillbesentbacktothesender.3．Whichofthefollowingconductwillbecharged?A．Puttingfairwearandtearonfurniture.B．Forgettingtopausemaildelivery.C．Parkinglicensedvehiclesforloading.D．Handingtheroomkeysbacklate.閱讀理解As17-year-oldNorwooddrovethroughSt.Peters-burg,Florida,lastFebruary,thelaughterandchatterfromthefourteenagegirlsinsidehercarquicklygavewaytoscreams.Astheyapproachedacrossing,anothercarT-bonedthem,sendingtheircarsailingintotheyardofanearbyhome,comingtoastoponlywhenitcrashedintoatree.Assmokerosefromtheothercar,abystandershouted,"It'sabouttoblowup!Getout!"Shaken,butotherwiseOK,shecrawled(爬行)outthroughthewindow.Alongwithtwoofherfriends,who'dalsomanagedtofreethemselves,sheranforherlife.Buthalfwaydownthestreet,sherealizedthatherbestfriend,Simmons,wasn'twiththem.NorwoodranbacktothecarandfoundSimmonspassedoutinthebackseat.Shethrewopenthebackdoorandpulledherfriendout,avoidingthebrokenglassasbestshecould.ShedraggedSimmonsafewfeettosafetyandlaidherontheground."Icheckedherpulse."Nothing."Iputmyheadagainstherchest."Nosignoflife."That'swhenIstartedCPR(心肺復蘇術)."Hadtheaccidenthappenedafewweeksearlier,shemightnothaveknownwhattodo.ButNorwood,whowantstopursueacareerinmedicine,hadearnedherCPRcertificatejustthedaybefore.Kneelingonthelawnandlookingdownatherdyingfriend,Norwoodknewshehadpreciouslittletimetopracticewhatshe'dlearned.ShestartedpumpingSimmons'schestandbreathingintoherfriend'smouthinhopesoffillingherlungswiththekissoflife.Noresponse.Andthen,afterthe30thtry,Simmonsbegancoughingandgaspingforair.TheCPRhadworked!Soon,theambulancearrivedandrushedSimmonstothehospital,whereshereceivedtreatmentforacutinherforehead.Andthensheheardhowherbestfriendhadsavedherlife."Iwasn'tshocked,"SimmonstoldCNN."Shewillalwayshelpanywayshecan."4．WhathappenedtoNorwood'scarinFloridalastFebruary?A．Itlostitswayatacrossing.B．Itcrashedintoanearbybuilding.C．Itwashitbyanothercarfromtheside.D．ItstoppedinSt.Peters-burgasplanned.5．WhydidNorwoodgobacktothecar?A．Tocallforhelp. B．Tocheckthecar.C．Toputoutthefire. D．Torescueherfriend.6．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Norwoodwasacertificatedon-the-jobdoctor.B．Simmonsdidn'tcametoherselfaftertheCPR.C．NorwoodlearnedhowtoperformCPRrecently.D．SimmonswassurprisedtobesavedbyNorwood.7．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeNorwood?A．Calmanddependable. B．Friendlyandselfless.C．Honestandresponsible. D．Helpfulandsympathetic.閱讀理解Afamousspringboarddriverwasdefeatedbyhiscompetitorinthefinalsofaworldchampionship,offeringcongratulationstothewinnerandwavingatearfulgoodbyetotheaudience.Itiscommonintheathleticworld.Sportsmenspendthebestpartoftheirlivesonhardtrainingandcompetitions.Whenitbecomesevidentthattheyareonthedeclinetheystillmakegreateffortstogivetheirbestsoastobringasatisfactoryendtotheircareer.Chancestocompeteforthechampionshiparefewandfarbetween.Lifeisshort.Stillshorteristhetimeforanathletetryingtowingames.Anathleticcontestantreallyfeelsthattherearesofewopportunitiesandtimeflies.Hetreasureseveryminute,makesfulluseofitandtriestograspanychancecominghisway.Hegetsasmuchashegives,winninghonorsnotonlyforhimselfbutalsoforhiscountry.Toparticipateandtowin——thatistheOlympicspirit.Itfindsexpressionintheweakdaringtochallengethestrong,andthestrongsearchingforeverbetterperformance.Everbetter—theidealalwaysmakesasportsmanforward.Hewilldoeverythinghecanforit,neverrelax,nevergiveup.Itissaidthatnoneofthecompetitorscanavoidbeingdefeated—eventhebestisboundtobedefeatedbysomeonestillstronger.Thisistheruleofsports—thousandsofloserssetoffonewinnerwhointurnwilleventuallybereplacedbysomeoneonthehonorlist.However,heisalwaystryingtodothebesthecan.Whenthetimecomesandheknowshecan't,hewillstepdownhappilytogiveplacetotheyoungerwinner,awarecontentedlyofthefactthathehasdonehisbestforthe"everbetter"recordsoftheOlympicGames.Hewillsayproudlythathehasnotlivedhisyouthinvain.8．Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A．Toexplainaphenomenon.B．Todescribeacompetition.C．Toleadinthetopicofthispassage.D．Toexpressworriesaboutsportsmen.9．Accordingtothepassage,whatkindofidealpushesanathleteforward?A．Hewantstowinpeople'srespect.B．Hewantstowinhonorforhisnation.C．Hewantstomakegreaterachievementsthanever.D．Hewantstoearnmoreandmoremoneyandfame.10．Whatcanbelearntfromtheruleofsports?A．Whateverdifficultiesyouhavemet,nevergiveup.B．Eventhestrongestathletewillbedefeatedoneday.C．Youcan'tliveinthesportsfieldwithoutanyeffortorprogress.D．Youarethewinnerifyouarebraveenoughtochallengethestrong.11．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Sportsmen'sspirit. B．Sportsmen'slife.C．Sportsmen'shonor. D．Sportsmen'spride.閱讀理解Asayoungchild,Iwaspainfullyshy.I'dwatchotherchildrenplayinthepark,wishingIcouldjointhem,butIwastooscaredtoapproach.Eventually,mymotherwouldcometotherescue.She'dasktheotherkidsifIcouldplay,too.Today,Ifeelcomfortablegivingpubliclecturesinlargehallsandhavingconversationsinsmallgroups,butIstilltendtoavoidsituationsinwhichI'mexpectedtospendtimewitharoomfulofstrangers.Therecouldbemanyreasons.Foronething,Imightbecarryingsomechildhoodfearofrejection.Butbeyondthatpossibility,onelikelyelementisthatItendtounderestimatehowmuchpeoplelikemeafterImeetthem,asmostofusdo.Anewresearchpaperreportsthatthecommonconcernthatnewpeoplemaynotlikeus,orthattheymaynotenjoyourcompany,islargelyunfounded.EricaBoothbyofCornellUniversityandhercolleaguesconductedaseriesofstudiestofindoutwhatourconversationpartnersreallythinkofus.Indoingso,theydiscoveredanewcognitiveillusion(認知錯覺)theycall"thelikinggap":ourfailuretorealizehowmuchstrangersappreciateourcompanyafterabitofconversation.Theresearchersobservedthegapinavarietyofsituations:strangersgettingacquaintedintheresearchlaboratory,first-yearcollegestudentsgettingtoknowtheirdormitorymatesoverthecourseofmanymonths,andcommunitymembersmeetingfellowparticipantsinpersonaldevelopmentworkshops.Ineachcircumstance,peopleconsistentlyunderestimatedhowmuchotherslikedthem.Formuchoftheacademicyear,asdormitorymatesgottoknoweachotherandevenstartedtodevelopenduringfriendships,thelikinggappersisted.Thedataalsorevealedsomeofthepotentialreasonsfortheillusion:weareoftenmoreseverewithourselvesthanwithothers,andourinnercriticpreventsusfromappreciatinghowpositivelyotherpeopleevaluateus.Notknowingwhatourconversationpartnersreallythinkofus,weuseourownthoughtsasaproxy(代理人).Thisisamistake,becauseourthoughtstendtobemorenegativethanreality.12．Whydoestheauthormentionhischildhoodexperience?A．Toshowhowhischaracterchanged.B．Toexplainwhathewaslikewhenhewasyoung.C．Toshowanexampleofwhypeopleareshyofcommunication.D．Toemphasizetheimportantroleofamotherinone'schildhood.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"unfounded"probablymean?A．Careless. B．Baseless. C．Selfless. D．Meaningless.14．Whatdoweknowaboutthelikinggapfromthetext?A．Itindicateswhatstrangersreallythinkofus.B．Itbeginsandendsquicklyamongstrangers.C．Itdisappearswhenstrangersgettoknoweachother.D．Itstatesourmisunderstandingofhowmuchotherslikeus.15．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthistext?A．PeopleLikeYouMorethanYouKnowB．HowtoGetAlongWellwithStrangersC．TheWaytoKnowWhatOthersThinkofUsD．HavingConversationswithStrangersBenefitsUs二、任務型閱讀任務型閱讀Formostpeople,lifehasbecomeaburdenontheirshoulders,anditsweightisgrowingheavierandheavier,untilonedaytheycan'tcarryitanymore.Sohowcanwedesignalifethatislesscomplexandmoremeaningful?Withminimalism(極簡主義).16．Thefollowingwayswillassistyouinyourjourneytolivingasimperyetfullerlife.17．Mostpeople'slivingspaceisfilledwiththingsthatareneverusedanddon'tcontributetotheirwell-being.Separatetheonesyoudoneedfromtheonesyoudon't,andthrowthelatterrightintothedustin—orbetter,givethemawaytopeoplewhomightactuallybenefitfromthem.Appreciatealltheamazingthingsyoualreadyhave.Weconstantlycompareourselvestootherswhoseemhappier,morebeautifulandmoreimportantthanus.Wetryourbesttoimitatethoseweenvy.18．Weneedtostopcomparingandacceptourselvesforwhoweare,withallourimperfections.Takeamomenttoappreciatewhatyouhave.Doonethingatatime.Minimalistlivingactuallymeansmakingthemostoutofeachandeverymoment.We'reusuallycarryingoutdifferenttasksatthesametime.Sowhateverwearedoing,ourmindispartlywonderingsomewhereelse.19．Developmindfulness.20．Thusyouneedtodevelopmindfulness.Mindfulnessmeansfullyattendingtowhat'shappeninginthepresent.Therearemanywaysonecandoso.Perhapsthemostcommonwayistositforabout30minutessomewherecomfortablywithyourupperbackstraightandpayfullattentiontoyourbreathasit'scominginandoutthroughyournose.Inthisway,youwon'tbedistractedbyyourthoughts.A.Itisaboutenjoyinglifemorewithless.B.Stopconsumingproductsyoudon'tneed.C.Yetnomatterhowmuchwetry,wealwaysfail.D.Getridofthingsthatdon'tserveyourhappiness.E.minimalistlivingrequiresacalmandundisturbedmind.F.Stopmultitaskingandconcentrateonasinglethingatatime.G.Unfortunately,ourmindsarefilledwithworriesinourbusylives.三、完形填空完形填空Myfamilymovedintoourhomenineyearsago.Weliveonacorner,andtheentiresideoftheyardisenclosedbya21．builtrockwall.Thefrontofthehousethoughisanother22．becauseinsteadofawallalongthesidewalk,therocksappeartobejust23．upontothedirt.Wedidthebestwecouldandcalledthisareaour'rockgarden'.Wheneverwehadleftoverflowersorplants,Iwould24．themoutfront,justtobringsome25．tothearca.LastsummerIreachedtheendoftherockgardenandfoundatinylittleplantthat1couldnotimmediately26．,wedidn'tplantit.Wedecidedtoletit27．growinguntilwecould28．whatitwas.WeekspassedandasImademywaybacktothe29．plant,itappearedtobeasunflower.Itwasskinny.Idecidedto30．italongandweedaroundit.AsIpulledrockstogettotheweeds,Inoticedsomething31．.ThesunflowerhadnotstartedwhereIsawit32．.Itactuallyhadbegununderabigrockandgrownunderandarounditto33．thesun.That'swhenIrealizedthatweshouldstandtalllikethesunflowerandtheenvironmentwillbeginto34．us.Wewillfindawaytogounderoraroundourbig35．inordertoreachourdesires.21．A．professionally B．randomly C．simply D．terribly22．A．wall B．story C．side D．yard23．A．built B．used C．thrown D．made24．A．select B．cut C．stick D．pick25．A．dirt B．color C．flowers D．plants26．A．clarify B．identify C．account D．observe27．A．continue B．avoid C．escape D．start28．A．takedown B．comeacross C．referto D．figureout29．A．charming B．wonderful C．ugly D．mysterious30．A．dream B．wait C．baby D．explore31．A．unusual B．important C．common D．disturbing32．A．begin B．stop C．shoot D．expand33．A．shade B．stand C．steal D．reach34．A．shelter B．choose C．warn D．support35．A．failures B．advantages C．problems D．situations四、單項選擇36．EarlythisyearcruelsnowstormshitsouthernChina,________greattransportationproblemsinsomeareas.A．leading B．causing C．resulting D．creating37．Therich________notalwayshappy.A．are B．is C．has D．have38．It'sthethirdtimethatJohnhasbeenlate,________?A．hasn'the B．isn'the C．isn'tit D．hasn'tit39．Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection________.A．hascompleted B．completesC．hasbeencompleted D．iscompleted40．______!Thatstepisnotsafe!A．Lookaround B．Lookup C．Lookout D．Lookdown41．Letuspass______?A．shan'twe B．shallwe C．won'twe D．willyou42．—Youruncleisn'tanengineer,ishe?—_______A．Yes,heisn't B．No,heisn't C．No,heis D．Heis43．______friendly_____toeveryone!A．How,isshe B．What,isshe C．How,sheis D．What,sheis44．—Alice,youfeedthebirdtoday,_____?—ButIfedityesterday.A．willyou B．doyou C．didn'tyou D．don'tyou45．—Thiscloth________welland______long.—Ok.I'lltakeit.A．washes,lasts B．iswashed,lastedC．washes,islasted D．iswashing,lasting五、用單詞的適當形式完成短文語法填空AscostumedramaADreamofSplendor46．(attract)manyaudiencesthissummer,thewaytheheroineZhaoPan'ermakesteaalsogarnered(獲得)muchattention.Heytea,47．Chineseboutiqueteahousechain,48．(recent)launchednewflavoredteadrinks49．(base)ontherecipefromTVshow.China,homeofmostoftheworld'stea.also50．(have)aseriesofcustoms51．(concern)teamakingandtaechoiceaccordingtotheseasons.Themostrecommendedoneisgreentea,foritscharacteris"cold"intraditionalChinesemedicaltheories,52．(suit)tosoothetherestlessnesscausedbyhotsummer.Apart53．it,Chinesegreenteahasmanyfamilymemberswithbeautifuland54．(poem)names,suchasYunwu,55．literallymeanscoldandmist.六、根據首字母填寫單詞56．Ispenttheweekendrformyexam.(根據首字母單詞拼寫)57．—Coffeeortea?—I'dptea,thanks.(根據首字母單詞拼寫)58．Haveyoukeptincwithanyofyourfriendsfromcollege?(根據首字母單詞拼寫)59．Thecountry'solanguageisSpanish.(根據首字母單詞拼寫)60．Theroomwassohotthatalmosteveryonewass.(根據首字母單詞拼寫)61．Ittakesalongtimetomaforeignlanguage.(根據首字母單詞拼寫)62．MissHarperclosedhereyesandptobeasleep.(根據首字母單詞拼寫)63．ThereweresomanypeopletalkingthatIcouldn'tconthemusic.(根據首字母單詞拼寫)64．It'sdifficultformostsmokerstoadmitthattheyarea.(根據首字母單詞拼寫)65．TheKoalaisutoAustralia.（根據首字母單詞拼寫）七、漢譯英（整句）66．每一個人都有自己的星星，但其中的含意卻因人而異。(漢譯英)67．本質的東西是用眼睛看不見的，只能用心去看。(漢譯英)68．沙漠之所以美麗,是因為沙漠某處隱藏著一口井。(漢譯英)69．正因為你為你的玫瑰花費的時光，才使得你的玫瑰變得如此重要。(漢譯英)70．倘若一個人對一朵花情有獨鐘，而那花在浩瀚的星河中是獨一無二的，那么他只要仰望繁星點點，就心滿意足了。(漢譯英)八、根據句意填空71．I'mnotoutgoingsoI'malittleanxiousrightnow.Iwantto.(根據句意填空)72．Whataday!Thismorning,Iwasworriedthatnoonewouldtalktome.ButIwaswrongIdidn'tfeelatall.(根據句意填空)73．I'mabitworriedabouttheotherstudentsinmyadvancedcourse,andit'llbequitedifficulttogetusedtoallthehomework.(根據課文內容填空)74．Studyinghardisn'talwaysfun,butI'llbewellpreparedforuniversityorwhateverelsecomes.(根據句意填空)75．Butspendingtoomuchtimeonlineisunhealthyandmakesitverydifficulttootherthingsinlife.(根據句意填空)76．TheIncaemperorlivedinthenow-famoussiteMachuPicchu.SpainPeruinthe16thcenturyandruleduntil1821.(根據句意填空)九、其他77．After,youwillhaveadaytoexploreandbeamazedbythisancientcity.（根據課文內容填空）十、根據句意填空78．Asaperson,LangPingislovedbyfans.（根據課文內容填空）79．Jordan'sskillswereimpressive,butthatheshowedmadehimunique.(根據句意填空)80．Thenumberofproblemsfromtouristsisendless:walkinginlargegroupswithoutconsideringotherswhoneedtowalkby,crossingroadswithoutthinkingofandmanymore.(根據句意填空)十一、告知信/通知81．假定你是李華，寒假期間你出門旅游，旅途中你給你的英國筆友Chris發(fā)一封電子郵件，內容包括：1）你所在的景點；2）你的旅游經歷和感受；3）你的下一個目的地。注意：1）詞數80左右；2）可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．D3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了學生在學年結束后搬離宿舍時的三大注意事項：準備迎接退房檢查、更新郵件地址、退房及歸還鑰匙?！军c評】考查閱讀理解，包含細節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項，到文中找到相關內容并進行理解。1．考查推理判斷。根據第一段及三個小標題"PrepareforMove-outInspection”準備搬遷檢查；"ForwardYourMail”轉發(fā)你的郵件；以及"CheckOutandReturnYourKeys”退房并歸還鑰匙，可知，本文是對學生在學年結束后搬離宿舍時的注意事項的詳細介紹。可推斷，這段文字可能來自網站的校園生活部分。故選C。2．考查細節(jié)理解。根據ForwardYourMail部分中"Failuretoupdateaforwardingaddresswillresultinmailbeingreturnedtosender.”更新轉發(fā)地址失敗將導致郵件被退回發(fā)件人?？芍?，當你未能更新你的地址時，郵件將被發(fā)送回發(fā)件人。故選D。3．考查細節(jié)理解。根據CheckOutandReturnYourKeys部分中的"Delayscausedbydoingsowillresultinadditionalcosts.”這樣做造成的延誤將導致額外的費用，可知，未按時歸還鑰匙將導致額外費用的產生。故選D?！敬鸢浮?．C5．D6．C7．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了17歲的女孩諾伍德是如何在一場車禍中用自己所學的心肺復蘇術拯救好朋友西蒙斯的故事?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．考查細節(jié)理解。根據第一段中的"Astheyapproachedacrossing,anothercarT-bonedthem,sendingtheircarsailingintotheyardofanearbyhome,comingtoastoponlywhenitcrashedintoatree.”當她們接近一個十字路口時，另一輛汽車撞上了她們，把她們的車撞到了附近一戶人家的院子里，直到撞到一棵樹上才停了下來?？芍?，諾伍德的車去年2月在佛羅里達州被另一輛車從側面撞了。故選C。5．考查推理判斷。根據第三段中的"Buthalfwaydownthestreet,sherealizedthatherbestfriend,Simmons,wasn'twiththem.NorwoodranbacktothecarandfoundSimmonspassedoutinthebackseat.”但是走到半路，她意識到她最好的朋友西蒙斯沒有和她們在一起。諾伍德跑回車里，發(fā)現西蒙斯昏倒在后座上?？芍?，諾伍德回到車里去救她的朋友。故選D。6．考查細節(jié)理解。根據最后一段中的"ButNorwood，whowantstopursueacareerinmedicine,hadearnedherCPRcertificatejustthedaybefore.”但是諾伍德想從事醫(yī)學事業(yè)，她在前一天剛剛獲得了心肺復蘇證書?？芍?，諾伍德最近學習了如何進行心肺復蘇。故選C。7．考查推理判斷。根據最后一段諾伍德實施救助的過程可以看出，她是非常沉著冷靜的。另外，從最后一段好友西蒙斯的描述"Shewillalwayshelpanywayshecan.”她總是盡她所能幫忙。也可推斷，她是一位非常可靠的朋友。故選A?！敬鸢浮?．C9．C10．B11．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了運動員在職業(yè)生涯中不懈追求的精神。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應的內容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查推理判斷。根據第一段中的"Afamousspringboarddriverwasdefeatedbyhiscompetitorinthefinalsofaworldchampionship,offeringcongratulationstothewinnerandwavingatearfulgoodbyetotheaudience.”一位著名的跳板選手在世界錦標賽的決賽中被對手擊敗，他向獲勝者表示祝賀，并含淚向觀眾揮手告別；以及第二段中的"Itiscommonintheathleticworld.Sportsmenspendthebestpartoftheirlivesonhardtrainingandcompetitions.”這在體育界很常見。運動員把生命中最美好的時光花在艱苦的訓練和比賽上?？芍?，第一段的作用是引出這篇文章的主題。故選C。9．考查細節(jié)理解。根據最后一段中的"Everbetter—theidealalwaysmakesasportsmanforward.”做到更好——這個理想總是使運動員前進?？芍苿舆\動員前進的理想是他想取得比以往更大的成就。故選C。10．考查細節(jié)理解。根據最后一段中的"Itissaidthatnoneofthecompetitorscanavoidbeingdefeated—eventhebestisboundtobedefeatedbysomeonestillstronger.Thisistheruleofsports—thousandsofloserssetoffonewinnerwhointurnwilleventuallybereplacedbysomeoneonthehonorlist.”據說，沒有一個競爭者能夠避免被打敗，即使是最好的也一定會被更強的人打敗。這就是體育運動的規(guī)律——成千上萬的失敗者造就了一個勝利者，而這個勝利者最終會被榮譽名單上的某個人所取代?？芍覀兛梢詮捏w育運動的規(guī)律中了解到即使是最強的運動員也有被打敗的一天。故選B。11．考查主旨大意。根據最后一段中的"Toparticipateandtowin——thatistheOlympicspirit.Itfindsexpressionintheweakdaringtochallengethestrong,andthestrongsearchingforeverbetterperformance.”參與并取勝——這就是奧林匹克精神。它表現在弱者敢于挑戰(zhàn)強者，而強者永遠尋找更好的表現?？芍疚闹饕v的是運動員精神，故選A?！敬鸢浮?2．C13．B14．D15．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，研究發(fā)現，由于"喜歡差距"，我們往往會低估別人對我們的喜愛程度，事實上，人們比你認為的更喜歡你。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和主旨大意四個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，首先要仔細閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查推理判斷。根據第一段中的"Asayoungchild,Iwaspainfullyshy.I'dwatchotherchildrenplayinthepark,wishingIcouldjointhem,butIwastooscaredtoapproach."小時候，我非常害羞。我會看著其他孩子在公園里玩耍，希望我能加入他們，但我太害怕了，不敢靠近；以及第二段中的"Therecouldbemanyreasons.Foronething,Imightbecarryingsomechildhoodfearofrejection.Butbeyondthatpossibility,onelikelyelementisthatItendtounderestimatehowmuchpeoplelikemeafterImeetthem,asmostofusdo."可能有很多原因。首先，我可能從小就害怕被拒絕。但除此之外，一個可能的因素是，我和我們大多數人一樣，在遇到別人之后，往往會低估他們對我的喜愛程度?？芍?，文中列舉了作者童年時不愿意與其他人交流的經歷，并解釋了這種情況產生的原因，可推斷，作者提到他的童年經歷是為了舉一個例子，說明人們?yōu)槭裁床辉敢饨涣?。故選C。13．考查詞義猜測。根據第四段中的"Indoingso,theydiscoveredanewcognitiveillusion(認知錯覺)theycall‘thelikinggap’：ourfailuretorealizehowmuchstrangersappreciateourcompanyafterabitofconversation."在這樣做的過程中，他們發(fā)現了一種新的認知錯覺，他們稱之為"喜歡差距"：經過一番交談后，我們沒有意識到陌生人有多么欣賞我們的陪伴?？芍芯堪l(fā)現，認知錯覺讓我們沒有意識到陌生人有多么喜歡我們，可推斷，人們擔心新人可能不喜歡我們，或者他們可能不喜歡和我們在一起，這在很大程度上是沒有根據的，是一種認知錯覺，"Baseless"意為"沒有根據的"，能表達畫線單詞在句中所要表達的意思。故選B。14．考查細節(jié)理解。根據第四段中的"Indoingso,theydiscoveredanewcognitiveillusion(認知錯覺)theycall‘thelikinggap’：ourfailuretorealizehowmuchstrangersappreciateourcompanyafterabitofconversation."在這樣做的過程中，他們發(fā)現了一種新的認知錯覺，他們稱之為"喜歡差距"：經過一番交談后，我們沒有意識到陌生人有多么欣賞我們的陪伴?？芍?，"喜歡差距"指的是經過一番交談后，我們沒有意識到陌生人有多么喜歡我們，所以說，"喜歡差距"表明了我們對別人有多喜歡我們的誤解。故選D。15．考查主旨大意。根據第二段中的"Butbeyondthatpossibility,onelikelyelementisthatItendtounderestimatehowmuchpeoplelikemeafterImeetthem,asmostofusdo."但除此之外，一個可能的因素是，我和我們大多數人一樣，在遇到別人之后，往往會低估他們對我的喜愛程度；以及第四段中的"Indoingso,theydiscoveredanewcognitiveillusion(認知錯覺)theycall‘thelikinggap’：ourfailuretorealizehowmuchstrangersappreciateourcompanyafterabitofconversation."在這樣做的過程中，他們發(fā)現了一種新的認知錯覺，他們稱之為"喜歡差距"：經過一番交談后，我們沒有意識到陌生人有多么欣賞我們的陪伴?？芍捎?喜歡差距"，我們往往會低估別人對我們的喜愛程度，事實上，人們比你認為的更喜歡你，"人們比你知道的更喜歡你"，能夠概括文章主要內容。故選A。【答案】16．A；17．D；18．C；19．F；20．E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一些幫助人們過上簡單而充實的生活的方法。

【點評】考查七選五，本文是一篇介紹類閱讀，要求在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據空前"Sohowcanwedesignalifethatislesscomplexandmoremeaningful?Withminimalism."那么，我們怎樣才能設計一個不那么復雜而又更有意義的生活呢？極簡主義。說明我們要用極簡主義設計一個不復雜而又更有意義的生活，A.Itisaboutenjoyinglifemorewithless."這是關于用更少的資源享受更多的生活。"承接上文，解釋了極簡主義，耗費資源更少而更有意義。語義通順合理。故選A。17．根據空前"Mostpeople'slivingspaceisfilledwiththingsthatareneverusedanddon'tcontributetotheirwell-being.Separatetheonesyoudoneedfromtheonesyoudon't,andthrowthelatterrightintothedustbin—orbetter,givethemawaytopeoplewhomightactuallybenefitfromthem."大多數人的生活空間都充滿了從未用過的東西，對他們的健康沒有好處。把你真正需要的和不需要的分開，把后者扔到垃圾箱里——或者更好，把它們送給那些可能真正從中受益的人。建議應該把生活空間中從未用過的東西扔掉或者送人，D.Getridofthingsthatdon'tserveyourhappiness."擺脫那些與你快樂無關的事情。"概括本段主題，把生活空間中那些無關的東西擺脫掉。語義通順合理。故選D。18．根據空前"Weconstantlycompareourselvestootherswhoseemhappier,morebeautifulandmoreimportantthanus.Wetryourbesttoimitatethoseweenvy."我們總是把自己和那些看起來比自己更快樂、更美麗、更重要的人進行比較。我們盡力模仿我們所羨慕的人。說明人們總是互相攀比并模仿自己羨慕的人，C.Yetnomatterhowmuchwetry,wealwaysfail."然而無論我們如何努力，我們總是失敗。"承接上文，轉折語義，說明這樣做并不成功，引出下文"Weneedtostopcomparingandacceptourselvesforwhoweare,withallourimperfections."我們需要停止比較，接受我們自己，接受我們所有的不完美。建議停止攀比，接受自己。語義通順合理。故選C。19．根據空前"Doonethingatatime."一次只做一件事。概括了本段主題，一次做好一件事，F.Stopmultitaskingandconcentrateonasinglethingatatime."停止一心多用，一次只專注一件事。"呼應段首，建議要一次專注于一件事。選項中concentrateonasinglethingatatime和上文段首Doonethingatatime語義一致。故選F。20．根據空后"Thusyouneedtodevelopmindfulness.Mindfulnessmeansfullyattendingtowhat'shappeninginthepresent."因此你需要培養(yǎng)正念。正念意味著完全關注當下正在發(fā)生的事情。建議要培養(yǎng)正念，關注當下，E.minimalistlivingrequiresacalmandundisturbedmind."極簡主義生活需要一個平靜和不受干擾的頭腦。"和下文之間存在因果關系，因為生活需要平靜不受干擾，所以要培養(yǎng)正念，關注當下。故選E?！敬鸢浮?1．A；22．B；23．C；24．C；25．B；26．B；27．A；28．D；29．D；30．C；31．A；32．A；33．D；34．D；35．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者從一株從石頭底下生長出的向日葵，領悟到我們應該像向日葵一樣站得高高的，環(huán)境才會開始支持我們。為了達到我們的愿望，我們要找到一種方法來解決或繞過我們的大問題。

【點評】考查完形填空，本題考點涉及副詞，動詞，名詞，形容詞，固定短語等多個知識點的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。21．句意：我們住在一個角落里，院子的整側都由一堵專業(yè)建造的石墻圍起來。A.professionally"專業(yè)地"；B.randomly"隨機地"；C.simply"僅僅"；D.terribly"非常"。此處與下文提到的房子前面建造粗糙的圍墻形成對比，院子的側部是由一堵專業(yè)建造的石墻圍起來的。故選A。22．句意：但是房子的前面則是另一回事了，因為沿著人行道的不是一堵墻，石頭看起來只是扔在泥土上。A.wall"墻壁"；B.story"故事"；C.side"邊"；D.yard"院子"。根據下文，房子前面的圍墻像是石頭扔在泥土上建起來的，可知，前面的情況完全不同，anotherstory"另一回事"。故選B。23．句意：但是房子的前面則是另一回事了，因為沿著人行道的不是一堵墻，石頭看起來只是扔在泥土上。A.built"修建"；B.used"使用"；C.thrown"扔"；D.made"制作"。根據空后"upontothedirt"指前面的圍墻看起來像是石頭扔在泥土上建造起來，比喻圍墻建造得很粗糙。故選C。24．句意：每當我們有剩下的花或植物，我會把它們伸出前面，只是為了給這個地區(qū)帶來一些顏色。A.select"選擇"；B.cut"切割"；C.stick"刺"；D.pick"撿起"。根據空后"themoutfront"指把花和植物伸出圍墻，來給這個地區(qū)帶來一些顏色。stickout固定短語，"伸出"。故選C。25．句意：每當我們有剩下的花或植物，我會把它們伸出前面，只是為了給這個地區(qū)帶來一些顏色。A.dirt"泥土"；B.color"顏色"；C.flowers"花卉"；D.plants"植物"。根據上文"Wedidthebestwecouldandcalledthisareaour‘rockgarden'.Wheneverwehadleftoverflowersorplants"可知，這一部分圍墻被稱為"巖石花園"，所以作者想要用花或植物給這部分區(qū)域帶來些顏色。故選B。26．句意：去年夏天，我走到巖石花園的盡頭，發(fā)現了一株我不能馬上認出來的小植物，我們沒有種它。A.clarify"澄清"；B.identify"識別，認出"；C.account"說明"；D.observe"觀察"。根據空后"wedidn'tplantit"可知，因為沒有種過這種植物，所以認不出來到底是什么。故選B。27．句意：我們決定讓它繼續(xù)生長，直到我們弄清楚它是什么。A.continue"繼續(xù)"；B.avoid"避免"；C.escape"逃走"；D.start"開始"。根據下文"itappearedtobeasunflower"可知，作者讓這株植物繼續(xù)生長了。故選A。28．句意：我們決定讓它繼續(xù)生長，直到我們弄清楚它是什么。A.takedown"記下"；B.comeacross"遇見"；C.referto"指的是"；D.figureout"弄清楚"。根據空后"whatitwas"中it指的是這株植物，所以是弄清楚這株植物到底是什么。故選D。29．句意：幾個星期過去了，當我回到那株神秘的植物時，它看起來像是一株向日葵。A.charming"迷人的"；B.wonderful"極好的"；C.ugly"丑陋的"；D.mysterious"神秘的"。此處呼應上文作者認不