初2018級(jí)中考閱讀復(fù)習(xí)專題穩(wěn)定不變類型考查頻率難易度I人物故事?？贾械绕譏I哲理故事?？贾械菼II文化風(fēng)俗常考中等偏難IV咨詢建議?？贾械萔廣告圖表常考易VI說明介紹?？茧yVII社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)?？茧y近年來閱讀文章常見類型及難易度

能力考點(diǎn)題型分類

把握文章的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)的能力【說明】

針對(duì)文章的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)，常見的提問方式有：◆Whichofthefollowingisright/true/wrong/isn’tmentioned?◆ThefollowingareallrightEXCEPT_____.◆用What/Which/When/Where/Why/How等提問.

…

…Asweallknow,border(邊界）safetyisveryimportanttoacountry.InChins,manycommonpeople,besidessoldiers(軍人),aredoingwhattheycantokeepthebordersafe.WeiDeyouisoneofthem.……Onecoldwinterdayin1987,whenWeiwasonhiswayhomefromwork,aheavysnowstormcame.Helosthiswayandwalkedforseveralhours.Henearlylosthislife.Luckily,somesoldierssavedhim.Anotherdayin1992,his400sheepweredrivenawayorkilled.Heknewsomepeoplehatedhimbecauseofhisstrictness.

(2017陜西)

（）WhatdoesWeidoinXinjiang?A.Heisanofficer.

B.Heisafireman.C.Heisaborderkeeper.D.Heisapoliceman.

（）WhathappenedtoWeionacoldwinterdayin1987?A.Helosthislife.

B.Hegotbut.C.Helosthissheep.D.Helosthisway.CDOnSundayitwassunny．Morethantenpeoplewerestandingontheairportwaitingforthechallengeforskydiving（跳傘）．Suddenly，withthehelpofaguidedog，ablindmanwascomingwithaparachute（降落傘n．；空擇v．）onhisback．

“Doyoualsocomefortheparachutetraining？”someoneasked．“Yes!”

theblindmanrepliedinaloudvoice．Allthepeoplelookedathiminsurprise．“Iknow．Doyouthinkhowablindmancanparachute？”Theblindmansaidcheerfully．“Yes，howcanyouparachute？”Seeingtheblindwassocheerful，theyaskedquickly．（2017黃岡）

1.

Whatdidtheblindmancometotheairporttodo？______A.TowatchtheparachutetrainingB.Totrainhisguidedog．C.Tojoinintheparachutetraining．D.Togotravelingbyplane．2.

Howdidallthepeoplefeelwhentheblindmanwantedtoparachutewiththem______A.Happy．B.Surprised．C.Excited．D.SadCB帶題查閱速定位緊扣主題排干擾題文對(duì)照細(xì)辨?zhèn)?/p>

解題技巧

細(xì)節(jié)理解題To

find

the

detail,

you

should

compare

the

choices

with

the

original

sentences.根據(jù)上下文猜測生詞的含義的能力【說明】要求根據(jù)上下文確定某一特定的詞或短語的準(zhǔn)確含義，常見提問方式有：◆Theword“_____”inthepassageprobablymeans________.◆Theunderlinedword“______”inthepassagerefersto_______.◆What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“______”inthepassage?【說明】詞義猜測題考查超綱詞含義的推斷熟詞生義或在特定場合的意思詞義猜測并不難把握語境是關(guān)鍵文中信息細(xì)分析反復(fù)斟酌定答案Illegal(違法的）drivingisreallydangerous.Itmaycausetrafficaccidents,evendeaths.It'sreportedthatthousandsofpeoplediefromillegaldrivingeachyear.Manycountriesaretryingtheirbesttocontrolit.France,forexample,hasmadesomestrictrulesandlawstostopit.Peoplearewarnednottoeatwhiledriving.Anydriverwhoiscaughteatingwhileatthewheelwillbestoppedbythepolice.Thenhewillbefinedupto￡50forit.（2017陜西

）Theunderlinedwords“befined”hereprobablymean“________”.A.paymoneyasapunishment

B.getmoneyasaprizeC.findmoney

D.makemoneyA……Afterthechallenge，thecoachtoldeveryone，“Inthistraining，Robertgetsthehighestscoringforheisthemoststandardandplacid（從容的）action．”“WhoisRobert？”Theyaskedsimultaneously．

“He”

saidthecoach，pointingtheyoungblindman.（2017黃岡）Whatdoestheword

“simultaneously”

meaninChinese？______A.大聲喧嘩地B.難以置信地C.不可否認(rèn)地D.不約而同地D

1.利用主旨要義。

2.利用上下文語境。同義解釋、舉例說明、語境暗示、指代、因果推斷、前后對(duì)比等。

3.利用構(gòu)詞法。派生、合成、轉(zhuǎn)化

4.利用經(jīng)驗(yàn)常識(shí)。

To

define

the

meaning,

you

should

translate

the

key

words

from

the

context.解題技巧

詞義猜測題依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和考生應(yīng)有的常識(shí)進(jìn)行推理和判斷的能力【說明】

文中沒有直接答案，需要在理解上下文甚至全文的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合常識(shí)進(jìn)行合理的推斷。常見提問方式有：Wecanguessthewriterofthelettermanbea______.Wecaninferfromthetextthat______.Whatwouldbehappyif…?AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE．______A.ThecoachknewRobertwasthebesttrainerbeforethechallenge．B.Theotherpeopledidn'tbelieveRobertcouldparachuteatfirstC.Theblindmanwasarealmanwithgreatcourage．D.It‘sunbelievablethatRobertdidthebestofalltrainers．

OnSundayitwassunny．Morethantenpeoplewerestandingontheairportwaitingforthechallengeforskydiving（跳傘）．Suddenly，withthehelpofaguidedog，ablindmanwascomingwithaparachute（降落傘n．；空擇v．）onhisback．

“Doyoualsocomefortheparachutetraining？”someoneasked．“Yes!”

theblindmanrepliedinaloudvoice．Allthepeoplelookedathiminsurprise．“Iknow．Doyouthinkhowablindmancanparachute？”Theblindmansaidcheerfully．“Yes，howcanyouparachute？”Seeingtheblindwassocheerful，theyaskedquickly．

“It‘snotdifficult．Iwillparachutelikeyou．AlthoughI’mablindman．Icanhear．WhenIheartheorderforskydiving，Iwillcarrymyguidedogtofollowyouonebyone．Thecoachsays，countingtwofivefromthemomentIjumpeddown，Icanopentheparachute．AndIknowwhenItofalltothegroundisthemostdangerousmomentinskydiving．Butit‘sverysimpleforme．Whenmyguidedogisscaredintocryingloudlyandtheropeinmyhandbecomelight，I’llprepareforfallingtotheground．”saidtheblindmanquietly．

Afterthechallenge，thecoachtoldeveryone，“Inthistraining，Robertgetsthehighestscoringforheisthemoststandardandplacid（從容的）action．”“WhoisRobert？”

Theyaskedsimultaneously．

“He”

saidthecoach，pointingtheyoungblindman.（2017黃岡）A……“Thelastpieceofadviceisnottobeworriedevenifyourdreamsdon’tcometrue.AsI’vesaidabove,therearesomanygooduniversitiesoutthere.Soit’simportantforeverybodytounderstandthatyoucanalwaysfindauniversitythatgivesyouagreateducation.”（2016重慶）

Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat_____________. A.wecanrealizeourdreamthroughhardwork. B.thenameoftheuniversityisn’tthemostimportant. C.it’snotnecessarytocarethatotherpeoplemightsay. D.morethanoneuniversitycangiveusagoodeducation.D解題技巧

推理判斷題切忌主觀亂猜測回歸原文動(dòng)腦筋To

infer

something,

you

should

choose

the

reasonable

information

based

on

the

given

fact.掌握所讀材料的主旨和要義的能力【說明】主要針對(duì)段落（或短文)的主題，主題思想，標(biāo)題或目的，常見提問方式有：

1)Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?2)Inthispassagethewritertriestotellusthat_______.3)Thispassagemainlytalksabout______.4主旨概括題

Doyouknowwhenrestaurantswereinvented?Thefirstrestaurantwereinventedthousandsofyearsago.However,theywereverydifferentfromrestaurantstoday.

ThefirstrestaurantswereinancientGreeceandancientRome.……

Later,restaurantbegantoopeninChina.Intheearly1100s,……

Forthenextseveralcenturies,therewererestaurantsallover……Inthe19thcentury,trainsmadetravelmuchfasterandsimpler.

Now,restaurantsareeverywhere.Youcanbuyavarietyofdifferentkindsoffood.……（2017杭州）Theauthorwrotethisarticleto

.A.

helpsustochooserestaurantsB.

tellusthehistoryofrestaurantsC.

encourageustoeatatrestaurantsD.

showusthechangesofeatinghabits.BPeoplecan'tseeyouwhenyou'respeakingonthephone，buttheycanhearyou．So，thewayyouspeakisespeciallyimportant．Infact，researchershavecalculatedthat80%ofcommunicationoverthephoneisthroughyourtoneofvoice；andonly20%isfromthewordsyouuse．Hereareourtoptipsonhowtospeakoverthephone．1．FacialExpressions

……2．Volume……3．Pace……4．Gestures……5．Movement……6．Pauses（停頓）……