（英語）英語閱讀理解(人物故事)提高訓(xùn)練含解析一、高中英語閱讀理解人物故事類1．閱讀理解

AphotographyexhibitionbyFrenchartistSanBartolomeentitledMoonDoorDreamersopenedinthe798ArtZoneinBeijingonDecember10,2011,presentingacross-culturalperspective(視角)onordinarylifeinthecapitalcity.

BartolometookthesephotosinAugust2008,andproducedavideonamedTwoWorlds,OneDream.TheseworksweredisplayedinPingyao,anancientcityinShanxiProvince,underthetitleBeijingMidsummerNightDreaminSeptember2010.

ThemoondoorsserveasakeyholethroughwhichonecancatchaglimpseofasliceofBeijinglife.HegothisinspirationfromonecyclingtriptothesoutheasternsuburbofBeijing,wherehediscoveredapeculiarstreetalongwhichagraybrickwallwasbuilttocovertheshabbybungalows.Thesecabinsweremostlyrentedbymigrantworkers-peddlers,craftsmen,grocersandinnkeepers.

Bornin1950,Bartolomehasworkedasaphotographer,stagedirector.Artisticmanager,writeranddiplomat.AnotedSinophile,BartolomefrequentlyvisitsChinaforphotographicsubjects.Inthefallof2003,hejoinedtheFrenchEmbassyinBeijingasaculturalattache.HisworkexperienceinChinafrom2003to2015furtherenhancedhisawarenessofandloveforChina.

BartolomenotonlylovesChineseculturebutalsotheChinesepeople.HethinksthatChinesepeoplearekind,welcominganddiverse.

BackfromhisbikeridetosoutheasternBeijing,hedecidedtoshootpicturesaboutordinaryurbanlifestyles.Heobserveddwellerscarefullyandmadefriendswiththem.

Afterabout30daysandnightsthathespentwiththesecommonmigrants,hecreatedanumberofportraits.Meanwhile,helearnedmoreaboutthoseruralmigrantswhoearntheirlivinginacitywithwhichtheyareunfamiliar.

Headoptedanoptimisticperspectivetoshootthesights,andheborrowedthetitleofoneofWilliamShakespearescomedyworks:AMidsummerNight'sDream.（1）Whatisthemainpurposeoftheexhibition?A.

TopresentBartolome'sphotographicskills.B.

TotellusBartolome'sworkexperienceinBeijing.C.

ToshowusBartolome'soptimisticviewonordinarylifeinBeijing.D.

Tobuildacross-culturalcommunicationbridgebetweenChinaandFrance.（2）WhatinspiresBartolometoshootpicturesaboutordinaryurbanstyles?A.

HisbikeridetoSoutheasternsuburbofBeijing.B.

HisworkexperienceintheFrenchEmbassyinBeijing.C.

HisvisittotheancientcityofPingyao.D.

Shakespeare'scomedywork:AMidsummerNight'sDream.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"Sinaphile"inparagraph4referto?A.

Asuccessfulartist.

B.

Aculturalattache.

C.

Apersonofstatus.

D.

AfanofChina.（4）Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.

AFrenchartisttellsChinesestorieswithhiscamera.B.

AFrenchartistfrequentlyvisitsChinaforphotography.C.

MigrantworkersliveasimplebuthappylifeinBeijing.D.

MoonDoorsserveasawindowtodisplayChinatotheworld.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，法國藝術(shù)家圣巴托洛姆在北京798藝術(shù)區(qū)舉辦的名為"月亮之門夢(mèng)想家"的攝影展，從跨文化角度呈現(xiàn)了普通城市的生活以及拍攝的原因。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"presentingacross-culturalperspective(視角)onordinarylifeinthecapitalcity."以及最后一段中的"Headoptedanoptimisticperspectivetoshootthesights,"可知，這次攝影展用一種跨文化視角來展示首都的普通生活，他以樂觀的角度拍攝的。由此推斷出攝影展向我們展示巴托羅姆對(duì)北京城市生活的樂觀態(tài)度。故選C。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"HegothisinspirationfromonecyclingtriptothesoutheasternsuburbofBeijing,..."以及第六段中的"BackfromhisbikeridetosoutheasternBeijing,hedecidedtoshootpicturesaboutordinaryurbanlifestyles"可知他（拍攝）的靈感來自一次去北京東南郊的騎行之旅，...?；氐奖本┲?，他決定拍攝一些關(guān)于普通城市生活方式的照片?？芍?，是他騎自行車去北京的東南郊區(qū)激發(fā)了他拍攝普通城市的生活。故選A。（3）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第四段劃線詞"Sinaphile"后的內(nèi)容可知,巴托羅姆為了這個(gè)攝影主題經(jīng)常訪問中國。2003年秋，他以文化專員的身份加入了法國駐北京大使館。從2003年到2015年，他在中國的多年工作經(jīng)歷讓他加深了對(duì)中國的認(rèn)識(shí)和熱愛。由此可知，他是一個(gè)熱愛中國的人，喜歡了解中國，是一個(gè)"中國迷"。故選D。（4）考查主旨大意。本文第一段敘述了法國藝術(shù)家圣巴托洛姆在北京798藝術(shù)區(qū)舉辦的名為"月亮之門夢(mèng)想家"的攝影展開幕從一個(gè)跨文化視角來展示在首都的普通生活。接著敘述了為什么拍攝中國普通城市的生活，用攝影機(jī)拍攝他在中國的經(jīng)歷來表現(xiàn)對(duì)中國的熱愛。由此可知本文主要敘述了一個(gè)法國藝術(shù)家用他的相機(jī)講述中國故事。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷，詞義猜測(cè)和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

Parisisthecityofdreams.IfyouplantoheadtoParisforastudyperiod,thenperhapsalittlerealitycheckisinorder.Butmyexperiencewasaromanticone.

IpavedmypathtoParisthroughanexchangeprogram.OnarrivalinParis,IwasconstantlyremindedoftheofficialprocessesIhadtocomplete—formstobefilledin,meetingstoattend,thelistseemedendless.

Thentherealworkbegan.Onceclasseswereunderway,Ifoundmyselfvolunteeringtodooralpresentationsandassignmentsfirst,ratherthanlast.Thismethodprovedtobeveryhelpful.

OnceIhadfinishedclassfortheweek,Ihadanever-increasinglistofmuseumstovisit,neighborhoodstoexplore,andcaféstositin.ReadbooksaboutParis.Talktolocalsandotherforeignerslivingthere.ButtheonethingthatreadingabookortalkingtosomeonecannotdoistoprovideyouwiththeexperienceofwanderingParisonfoot.Thepeoplewatching,thesoundsofthecity,thecolorsastheseasonschange,theyalladdtotheecstasythatIexperienceinParisasanexchangestudent.

Afterspendingfivemonthswanderingthroughthecharmingneighborhoods,Ifellinlovewiththeatmospherethatcameoutfromeveryopendoor,andwitheveryspokenword.ThereissomethingcomfortingaboutwalkingtothemarketeachSundaytoenjoythebeautifuldisplayoffruits,vegetablesanddairyproducts.Thereiswarmthinsayingbonjourtothepassers-by.

OnmylastdayinParis,Iconfidentlysaid,"BonjourMonsieur,"asIpassedthelittlestoredownthestreet.IguessthebestpartaboutgoingonexchangeinParisisfallinginlovewiththecityinyourownway.AndIknowmineisuniqueandspecialtome,myownlittlepiecesofParis.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"ecstasy"inParagraph4probablymean?A.

Courage.

B.

Imagination.

C.

Happiness.

D.

Reputation.（2）Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.

Anexchangestudent'slife.

B.

Charmingneighborhoods.C.

Anexchangeprogram.

D.

Atravelingexperience.（3）Beyondreadingbooks,whichexperiencewouldtheauthortreasuremost?A.

Enjoyingcoffeeinhissparetime.

B.

GreetingpeopleinFrenchinthestreet.C.

Buyingvegetablesinthemarket.

D.

HangingaroundinParis.（4）Accordingtothepassage,whatlefttheauthorthedeepestimpression?A.

ThefriendlypeoplehemetinParis.B.

Thespecialcultureheexperiencedinthecity.C.

Theacademicachievementhemadeinhisstudy.D.

Thepresentationsandassignmentshedidinclass.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者作為一名交換生在巴黎的所見所聞，內(nèi)心感受等。（1）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)作者對(duì)在巴黎街上漫步的喜愛及第四段中的“Thepeoplewatching,thesoundsofthecity,thecolorsastheseasonschange,theyalladdtotheecstasythatisexperiencingParisasanexchangestudent”可知，人們的注視，城市的聲音，季節(jié)變化時(shí)的色彩，都增加了作者作為交換生體驗(yàn)巴黎的喜悅。由此推知，劃線詞的意思是“快樂，幸?！薄９蔬xC。（2）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Butmyexperiencewasaromanticone.IpavedmypathtoParisthroughanexchangeprogram”可知，作者作為一名交換生來到巴黎，他認(rèn)為自己的巴黎之行非常浪漫。從第二段到最后，文章詳細(xì)敘述了作者在巴黎的所見所聞，內(nèi)心感受等。故整篇文章講述的是一個(gè)交換生在巴黎的經(jīng)歷。故選A。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“TheonethingthatreadingabookortalkingtosomeonecannotdoistoprovideyouwiththeexperienceofwanderingParisonfoot.IdiscoveredsomeofmyfavoriteplacesinParisbywandering”可知，讀書以及和人交談無法提供步行在巴黎閑逛帶給你的體驗(yàn)。通過閑逛，作者在巴黎發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些自己最喜歡的地方。由此可知，除了讀書，作者最珍惜的經(jīng)歷是在巴黎閑逛。故選D。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的

“ThebestpartaboutgoingonexchangeinParisisfallinginlovewiththecityinyourownuniqueway.Everyone'sexperienceofParisisdifferent.Iknowmineisuniqueandspecialtome,myownlittlepiecesofParis”可知，給作者留下最深的印象是他在這個(gè)城市的獨(dú)特經(jīng)歷。而從上文可知，他在巴黎體驗(yàn)到了不同的風(fēng)土人情，不同的文化。故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

InearlyFebruary2019,51-year-oldRainerSchimpfandhisteamsetouttofilmSouthAfrica'sSardineRunoffthecoastofPointElizabethSardineRun,theannualmigration(遷徙)ofbillionsofsardines(asmallseafish),isabigdrawforlargepredators,especiallythedolphinandwhale.Predatorsareanimalsthatkillandeatotheranimals.Inanattempttoobtainthebestimagesoftheincrediblenaturalphenomenon,Rainerdivedintothemiddleofaspinningballoffish.Suddenlytheseamovedaroundviolently,andtheexperienceddiverandhisphotographerHeinzToperczer,whowasfilmingfromtheboat,instantlyrealizedsomethingstrangewasgoingon.Suddenlydolphinsshotoutofthewater,awhitespraycameoutandthenawhaleappearedandgraspedRainer

WhileToperczerwasfilmingtheterrifyingturnofeventswithhisvideocamera,Rainer,whowastrappedhadfirstandengulfed(吞噬)indarknessinsidethewhalesmouth,wastryingtosurvive.Nothingcanactuallyprepareyoufortheeventwhenyouendupinsidethepureinstinct(本能),"thedivertoldBarcroftTV."Knowinginthewhale'smouth,Itriedtocontrolmyfear.ButIwasconvincedthatitwasgoingtodivedownandreleasememuchdeeperintheocean."

"Thewhalequicklyrealizedhewasnosardine!Asthewhaleturnedsideways,heopenedhismouthslightlytoreleaseme,andIwaswashedout,togetherwithwhatfeltliketonsofwater,ofhismouth,"recalledRainer.Thoughtheentireincidentlastedjust1.8seconds,itfeltlikeayeartoRainer.

Stillholdinghisunderwatercamerainhishand,thediverswamtohisboat,wherehewasquicklyrescuedbythemembersoftheteam.TheterribleadventuredidnotdisturbRainerfortoolong.Aftercheckingtoensurehehadnoinjuries,thediverreturnedtothewatertoseekoutmore.（1）Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.

ADiver'sNarrowEscapefromaWhalesMouthB.

TheAnnualMigrationofBillionsofSeasardinesC.

AFrighteningandFantasticExperienceunderSeaD.

AnAdventurousTripoffCoastOfPointElizabeth（2）WhatanimalsdoesSardineRunappealtomost?A.

seagull.

B.

Seals.

C.

Dolphins.

D.

tortoises.（3）WhatdidRainerprobablydofirstonceinthewhalesmouth?A.

Hedivedaimlessly.B.

Hecrieddesperately.C.

Hepanickedimmediately.D.

Hestruggledviolently.（4）Accordingtothepassage,wecansaythatRainerwasvery_______.A.

intelligent

B.

generous

C.

flexible

D.

fortunate【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，51歲的Rainer在南非的海域拍攝沙丁魚遷徙過程中。從鯨魚口中死里逃生。（1）考查主旨大意。通讀全文可知，本文講述了51歲的Rainer在南非的海域拍攝一年一度的沙丁魚遷徙過程中從鯨魚口中死里逃生的經(jīng)歷，故選A。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"theannualmigration(遷徙)ofbillionsofsardines(asmallseafish),isabigdrawforlargepredators,especiallythedolphinandwhale."可知，沙丁魚遷徙最吸引海豚和鯨魚，故選C。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的"Itriedtocontrolmyfear."可知，一開始，Rainer一定是驚慌失措的，故選C。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后兩段可知，鯨魚意識(shí)到自己吞入的不是沙丁魚后，把Rainer連同幾噸水給吐了出來，Rainer竟然毫發(fā)無損地死里逃生，由此可知，Rainer非常幸運(yùn)，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

Duringtheperiodfrom1660through1800,GreatBritainbecametheworld'sleader.Languageitselfbecamesubmittedtorulesduringthisperiod.ThisneedtofixtheEnglishlanguageisbestillustrated(描述)inthemakingofTheDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagebySamuelJohnson.GuidestotheEnglishlanguagehadbeeninexistencebeforeJohnsonbeganhisprojectin1746.These,however,wereoftenlittlemorethanlistsofhardwords.Whendefinitionsofcommonwordsweresupplied,theywereoftenunhelpful.Forexample,a"horse"wasdefinedinanearlydictionaryas"abeastwellknown".

Johnsonchangedallthat,butthetaskwasnotaneasyone.Rentingahouseat17GoughSquare,Johnsonbeganworkingintheworstofconditions.Supportedonlybyhispublisher,JohnsonworkedontheDictionarywithfiveassistants.ComparedtotheFrenchAcademy'sdictionary,whichtookfortyworkersfifty-fiveyearstocomplete(1639-1694),Johnson'sdictionarywascompletedbyveryfewpeopleveryquickly.Balancedonachairwithonlythreelegs,Johnsonsatagainstawallinaroomfilledwithbooks.Johnsonwouldreadwidelyfromthesebooks,markpassagesillustratingtheuseofaparticularword,andgivethebookstohisassistantssothattheycouldcopythepassagesonslipsofpaper.TheseslipswerethenstucktoeightylargenotebooksunderthekeywordsthatJohnsonhadselected.Fixingthewordbythismethod,Johnsoncouldrecordaword，susageanditsdefinition.

Howmanypassageswereused?AccordingtoJohnson'smodernbiographerWalterJacksonBate,theoriginaltotalnumbercouldhavebeenover240,000.Howmanywordsweredefinedbythelexicographer?Over40,000wordsappearedintwolargebooksinAprilof1755.DidJohnsonfullyunderstandthehugetaskhewasundertakingwhenhebegan?AshetoldhiscontemporarybiographerJamesBoswell,"IknewverywellwhatIwasundertakingandverywellhowtodoit—andhavedoneitverywell."（1）WhatistheproblemofearlyEnglishdictionaries?A.

Theyonlyoffersimplepictures.

B.

Theylistjustafewforeignwords.C.

Theysimplygivesometranslations.

D.

Theyaddnomorethansomebigwords.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"lexicographer"inparagraph4referto?A.

Apublisher.

B.

Abiographer.

C.

Amakerofdictionaries.

D.

Anassistant.（3）WhatcanweinferaboutSamuelJohnsonfromthetext?A.

HestandardizedEnglish.

B.

Hecaredaboutauthorityalot.C.

Hegainedmuchfinancialsupport.

D.

Hecomplainedofworkingconditions.（4）Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.

Todiscusstheproblemsofdictionaries.B.

Toencouragepeopletoworkonaproject.C.

Topersuadepeopletobuythenewdictionary.D.

TointroducehowJohnsoncompletehisdictionary.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了Johnson編纂詞典的故事。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“These,however,wereoftenlittlemorethanlistsofhardwords”可知，早期英語詞典的問題是只是增加了一些難詞。故選D。（2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Howmanywordsweredefinedbythelexicographer?”中的關(guān)鍵詞defined及聯(lián)系前后句，可以猜測(cè)出這里lexicographer指的是詞典編纂者。故選C。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“ThisneedtofixtheEnglishlanguageisbestillustrated(描述)inthemakingofTheDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagebySamuelJohnson.”及最后一段中的SamuelJohnson為詞典編纂所作的努力可以推斷出，SamuelJohnson使得英語標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化。故選A。（4）考查推理判斷。閱讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了SamuelJohnson在惡劣的條件下編纂詞典的。所以本文主要是告訴讀者Johnson編纂詞典的故事，故選D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

Itcanbearealstruggletryingtolearnanewlanguage.Ihadalwaysenjoyedlearninglanguagesinschool,butonlyrecentlydidIstartlearningGerman.IfoundthatIcouldunderstandandlearnindividualwordseasily,butwhenitcametoliterature,Ireallystruggled.Thatwaswhenmytutoratuniversitysuggestedreadingsomechildren'sbooksprintedinthetargetlanguage.

Atfirst,Ifeltabitsillygoingonahuntforabookdesignedforsomeonehalfmyage,loutthenIrealisedthateveryonehastostartsomewhere.Aschildren,wearegiventhesebasictextstofamiliariseourbrainswithcertainvocabularyandwritingstructures,andfromthere,wecanlearnanddevelop.IstartedwithbookswhicharetaughttousaschildrenintheUK.ImanagedtofindOliverTwistbyCharlesDickensandJamesandtheGiantPeachbyRoaldDahl.

Thebeautyofreadingbooksthatwereintroducedtoyouasachildisthatyouarealreadyfamiliarwiththeplot.Asaresult,youcanworkoutsomeofthedefinitionsofwordswithyourpriorknowledgeofthestory.Atfirst,Iusedtoreadwiththebookinonehandandadictionaryintheother,butthismethoddidnotworkwellforme.ThemethodIwouldrecommendistoreadachapterofyourchosenchildren'sbookandattheendofthatchapter,highlightthewordsyoudonotknowandthenlookupthedefinitions.Ifyoucanwaitabitbeforeyouuseadictionary,youmaybesurprisedwhatyoucangetmerelyfromthecontextofthesentenceinthestory.Additionally,alotofchildren'sbookshavepictureswhichmaygiveyouaclueastowhatortowhomthepassageisreferring.（1）Whywastheauthoradvisedtoreadchildren'sbooks?A.

Becauseshewasweakinreadinggreatworks.B.

Becauseshewasslowtolearnlanguage.C.

Becauseshelikedchildren'sliterature.D.

Becauseshecouldn'trememberanywords.（2）Whatcankidsgetfromchildren'sbooksaccordingtothepassage?A.

Vocabularyandlisteningskills.

B.

Learningmethods.C.

Wordsandstructures.

D.

Designingskills.（3）Whatcausestheauthorfeelsurprisedwhilereadingchildren'sbooks?A.

Graspingthecontextfromthepictures.B.

Lookingupthedefinitionsofwordsfromadictionary.C.

Gettingfamiliarwiththeplotsofthestory.D.

Understandingthewordssimplyfromthecontext.（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.

ReadingChildren'sBooks

B.

TheWayofLearningLanguagesC.

TheMethodofUsingDictionary

D.

MyGoodReadingHabits【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，作者在學(xué)德語，因?yàn)榭床欢膶W(xué)作品，開始看德語兒童書籍，得到了意外的驚喜。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“IfoundthatIcouldunderstandandlearnindividualwordseasily,butwhenitcametoliterature,Ireallystruggled.Thatwaswhenmytutoratuniversitysuggestedreadingsomechildren'sbooksprintedinthetargetlanguage.”可知作者只能理解單個(gè)的字詞，理解不了文學(xué)作品，所以她的導(dǎo)師建議她看一些用目標(biāo)語言寫的兒童書。故選A。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Aschildren,wearegiventhesebasictextstofamiliariseourbrainswithcertainvocabularyandwritingstructures”可知兒童在看兒童書時(shí)可以熟知其中的詞匯和寫作結(jié)構(gòu)，故選C。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Ifyoucanwaitabitbeforeyouuseadictionary,youmaybesurprisedwhatyoucangetmerelyfromthecontextofthesentenceinthestory.”可知作者認(rèn)為如果先不急著用字典，你會(huì)為你從語境里得到的東西而驚訝。字典是用于查詞的，這里作者想表達(dá)的就是先不用字典，從語境可以猜出詞義，選D。（4）考查主旨大意。全文作者講述了她讀兒童書的經(jīng)歷以及讀兒童書的好處，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

ForKimDuffy,sendingawayherteenagedaughterwasthebesthopeforsavingthegirl'slife.

Corinne,then17,hadbeenstrugglingwithbulimia(貪食癥)andanorexia(厭食癥)formorethanfiveyears.Duffyandherhusband,Terry,foundaresidentialfacilityinVirginia,andCorinnesignedonforatwo-monthstayinthesummerof2009.

Today,Corinne'shealthyandpursuingamaster'sdegreeinColorado.Sheandherparentsbelievetheholistic(整體)approachandindividualizedfocuswerekeytoherrecovery.Andtheyknowtheyhadaccesstouniqueresources."Wewerefortunate,"saysDuffy."Wecouldpayforeverything."

Butmanycan't.AccordingtoareportreleasedinNovember2014bytheStandingCommitteeontheStatusofWomen,between600,000andonemillionCanadianssufferfromaneatingdisorder.Publicinpatientprogramsoftenwon'tadmitpatientsuntilthey'reinlife-threateningcondition.Privateclinicsoftenhavealongwaitlistsandhighcosts-atHomewood,inGuelph,Ont.,aroomis$305to$360perday.

TheDuffs'struggleledthentoconnectotherfamilieswiththequalityofcaretheyreceivedintheUnitedSates.Inlate2013,heyfoundedtheWaterStoneClinic,aprivateeatingdisordercenterinToronto.

Sincethefacilityopened,170clientshavereceivedtreatment.Theytakeyoga,doarttherapyandparticipateinmealpreparation,buildingreal-lifeskillswithasupportteam.Programsrunweekdaysfrom8a.m.to2p.m.,andnotably,sofarWaterStonehasnowaitinglist.

Butthisapproachiscostly:approximately$650perday.RealizingthatthepricetagputsWaterStoneoutofreachformany,theDuffyscreatedtheWaterStoneFoundation-acharitythatprovidesaidtopatientswhocan'taffordtreatmentthefollowingyear.Candidatesareassessedbytwocommitteesthatmakeadecisionbasedonclinicalandfinancialneed.Since2014,thefoundationhashelped100people.

Duffyalsowantstochangethepublicsystem.InJuneofthisyear,thefoundationawarded＄170,000tofourOntariohopitalsofferingcreativetreatmenttoeatingdisorderpatients."Yes,peopleneedprivatetreatment,"shesays,"butit'simportanttohelpoutonabroaderscale,too."（1）WhydidDuffythinktheywerefortunate?A.

Theyhadenoughmoneytotravelabroad.

B.

Theycouldaffordthemedicalresources.C.

Theyhappenedtofindarighthospital.

D.

Theymetveryexperienceddoctors.（2）WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A.

Publichospitalscannottreatpatientswitheatingdisorder.B.

ManypeoplediefromeatingdisorderinCanadianpublichospitals.C.

Alotofeatingdisorderpatientshavenoaccesstopropertreatment.D.

Inprivateclinicseatingdisorderpatientswillreceivetimelytreatment.（3）WhichofthefollowingpatientswillreceivehelpfromWaterStoneFoundation?A.

Pooroneswhosufferfromthedisease.B.

Oneswhoarerejectedbypublichospitals.C.

Oneswhoarefacingdeath.D.

oldoneswhoarepoor.（4）WhatdoweknowfromDuffy'swordsinthelastparagraph?A.

Onlyprivateclinicscangivepropertreatmenttothepatients.B.

Treatmentofthediseaseinpublichospitalsshouldbeimproved.C.

Shewantstocooperatewithpublichospitalstohelpthepatients.D.

Publichospitalsshoulddomoretohelppeoplewitheatingdisorder.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，一對(duì)加拿大夫婦為了幫助有厭食癥和貪食癥的病人而創(chuàng)立了私人診所以及為幫助貧窮病患者而設(shè)立慈善機(jī)構(gòu)的故事。體現(xiàn)了人們要相互關(guān)懷互相幫助的人文思想。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Wewerelucky.Wecouldpayforeverything."可知，他們支付得起醫(yī)療費(fèi)用，因此感到很幸運(yùn)，故選B。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Butmanycan't.AccordingtoareportreleasedinNovember2014bytheStandingCommitteeontheStatusofWomen,between600,000andonemillionCanadianssufferfromaneatingdisorder.Publicinpatientprogramsoftenwon'tadmitpatientsuntilthey'reinlife-threateningcondition.”可知，但是很多人都支付不起這筆費(fèi)用，很多人患有飲食問題，住院部只會(huì)收納那些有生命危險(xiǎn)的病人，而私人診所的費(fèi)用卻很高昂，可知很多人不能享受醫(yī)療服務(wù)，故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"…acharitythatprovidesaidtopatientswhocan'taffordtreatment…"以及"Candidatesareassessedbytwocommitteesthatmakeadecisionbasedonclinicalandfinancialneed"。滿足兩個(gè)條件就可以獲得WaterStoneFoundation的贊助：付不起款的，并且病狀嚴(yán)重者，故選A。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"…butit'simportanttohelpoutonabroaderscale…"意思是在更大范圍內(nèi)給這樣的病人提供幫助是重要的。言外之意就是公立醫(yī)院應(yīng)該更多的幫助這類病人，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀短文，從短文后每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

FabienCousteauwasbornwithdeeplovefortheocean.Hisgrandfatherandhisfatherwereoceanexplorersanddocumentaryfilmmakers.Fabienspenthisearlyyearsonhisgrandfather'sships.TodayFabienfollowsinhisfamily'sfootstepstoprotecttheplanet'sendangeredoceanlife.Withhisvastknowledgeandexperience,hetriestostrikeabalancebetweenenvironmentalproblemsandmarketeconomies.

Fabieniswellknownforhisstudyofsharks.During2000-2002,hecreatedaTVspecialcalledAttackoftheMysterySharkbasedonthesharkattacksthatoccurredalongtheNewJerseyshorelineinthesummerof1916.Thenin2003-2006,withthehelpofalargecrew,Fabiencreatedasharksubmarine(潛艇)thatenabledhimtoputhimselfinsidethesharkworld,providingpeoplewitharareviewofthemysteriousandoftenmisunderstoodcreatures.

Forthenextfouryears(2006-2010),Fabienwaspartofaseriescalled,OceanAdventures,whichofferedararelookintosomeofthemostfantasticoceanspecies(物種)andenvironments.

In2010,FabienstartedPlantAFish,anonprofitprojectforchildrentohelprestorelocalwaterecosystemsbyreplantingkeyoceanspecies.Savetheworld,onefishatatime.Theprojectisstillinprogressnowanditsfinalgoalistoplant1billion"fish"worldwide.

FromJune1toJuly2,2014,Fabienandhisteamspent31daysunderwatertoresearchhowclimatechangeandpollutionareaffectingtheoceans.Fabien'sMission31brokenewgroundbygoingdeeper,longerandfurther,exposing(顯露)theworldtotheadventureandthemystique(神秘)ofwhatliesbeneath.

FabieniscurrentlyworkingonadocumentaryfilmabouttheadventuresofMission31,aswellasbuildinganOceanLearningCentertoprovidechildrenaroundtheworldwiththeopportunitytolearnaboutoceansandengagewithoceanexplorersdirectlythroughsocialmedia.（1）WhatisNotFabien'sjob?A.

Oceanexplorer

B.

Documentaryfilmmaker

C.

Environmentalist

D.

Mediamanager（2）HowisParagraph2developed?A.

Byprovidingfacts.B.

Byofferinganalyses.C.

Bymakingcomparisons.D.

Bydrawingconclusions.（3）Wecanlearnfromthetextthat________.A.

Fabien's"PlantAFish"projecthasalreadyachieveditsfinalgoalB.

Fabien'sMission31broketherecordsofformeroceanexplorationsC.

Fabien'sTVspecialaboutsharksisbasedonhischildhoodexperiencesD.

IttookFabienfouryearstoproduceOceanAdventuresallonhisown（4）Inwhichpartofawebsitecanwereadthetext?A.

ModernTechnology.B.

SpaceExploration.C.

OutstandingFigures.D.

FantasticWildlife.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物傳記，介紹了FabienCousteau研究鯊魚而出名，他要保護(hù)海洋瀕臨滅絕的動(dòng)物，在海洋里進(jìn)行探險(xiǎn)研究。他和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)打破了以前的海洋探險(xiǎn)的記錄，并拍攝了海洋生物記錄片的事情。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段“FabieniscurrentlyworkingonadocumentaryfilmabouttheadventuresofMission31,aswellasbuildinganOceanLearningCentertoprovidechildrenaroundtheworldwiththeopportunitytolearnaboutoceansandengagewithoceanexplorersdirectlythroughsocialmedia.”可知，F(xiàn)abien是一個(gè)Oceanexplorer海洋探險(xiǎn)家、Documentaryfilmmaker紀(jì)錄片的導(dǎo)演；再根據(jù)第一段中的“Withhisvastknowledgeandexperience,hetriestostrikeabalancebetweenenvironmentalproblemsandmarketeconomies.”可知，他是一個(gè)Environmentalist環(huán)境保護(hù)者。沒有提到他是媒體策劃經(jīng)理，故選D。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Fabieniswellknownforhisstudyofsharks.During2000-2002…,Thenin2003-2006,…”可知。用例舉事實(shí)法敘述他研究的情況。故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Fabien'sMission31brokenewgroundbygoingdeeper,longerandfurther,exposing(顯露)theworldtotheadventureandthemystique(神秘)ofwhatliesbeneath.”Fabien'sMission31開辟了一條新路，他走得更深、更久、更遠(yuǎn)，把海底的冒險(xiǎn)和神秘顯示給了世人。也就是說Fabien'sMission31打破了以前海洋探險(xiǎn)的記錄。故選B。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)整篇短文圍繞Fabien在海洋的探險(xiǎn)、保護(hù)海洋、拍攝紀(jì)錄片等方面的貢獻(xiàn)，屬于人物類短文。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇人物類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Althoughtheideaof"zeroemissionnetcarbon-positive,sustainable(可持續(xù))"developmentwaspromote